Counselling Skills for Health Professionals

Counselling Skills for Health Professionals

Other books by Philip Burnard published by Chapman & Hall Teaching Interpersonal Skills: A Handbook of Experiential Learning for Health Professionals Coping With Stress in the Health Professions: A Practical Guide Effective Communication Skills for Health Professions Writing for Health Professionals: A Manual for Writers Personal Computing for Health Professionals About the author Philip Burnard is Director of Postgraduate Nursing Studies at the University of Wales College of Medicine, Cardiff, UK. He is also Honourary Lecturer in Nursing at the Hogeschool Midden Nederland, Utrecht, The Netherlands and Visiting Lecturer at the Red Cross College of Nursing and Health, Stockholm, Sweden. He is the author of 24 books on counselling, communication, ethics, research methods, computing, education and training and has published widely in journals in the UK, USA, Finland, Czech Republic, Italy and Hong Kong. He has studied interpersonal skills training in the USA and Canada and has run counselling skills workshops throughout the UK, in Europe and in the Far East. Dr Burnard's research interests include AIDS counselling, teaching and learning styles, experiential learning and self-disclosure.

Counselling Skills for Health Professionals Second edition PHILIP BURNARD University of Wales College of Medicine Cardiff, UK Editorial adviser JO CAMPLING ID!ll SPRINGER-SCIENCE+BUSINESS MEDIA, B.V.

First edition 1989 Second edition 1994 1989,1994 Philip Burnard Originally published by Chapman & Hall in 1994 Typeset in 1O~/13pt Palatino by Best set Typesetters Ltd., Hong Kong ISBN 978-0-412-56690-5 DOI 10.1007/978-1-4899-3334-8 ISBN 978-1-4899-3334-8 (ebook) Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of research or private study, or criticism or review, as permitted under the UK Copyright Designs and Patents Act, 1988, this publication may not be reproduced, stored, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of the publishers, or in the case of reprographic reproduction only in accordance with the terms of the licences issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency in the UK, or in accordance with the terms of licences issued by the appropriate Reproduction Rights Organization outside the UK. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside the terms stated here should be sent to the publishers at the London address printed on this page. The publisher makes no representation, express or implied, with regard to the accuracy of the information contained in this book and cannot accept any legal responsibility or liability for any errors or omissions that may be made. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 9374450 I Printed on permanent acid-free text paper, manufactured in accordance with ANSIINISO Z39.48-1992 and ANSIINISO Z39.48-1984 (Permanence of Paper).

For Sally I Aaron and Rebecca

Contents Acknowledgements Introduction 1 1 What is counselling? 3 2 Psychological approaches to counselling 33 3 Counselling and self-awareness 49 4 Basic principles and considerations 75 5 Maps of the counselling relationship 95 6 Counselling skills I: listening and attending 109 7 Counselling skills II: client-centred skills 123 8 Counselling skills III: helping with feelings 137 9 Counselling in specific health care contexts and recording counselling 149 10 Problems and support in counselling 179 11 Learning counselling skills 195 12 Counselling skills exercises 207 13 Extract from a counselling conversation 231 14 Conclusion 237 References 241 Bibliography: further reading 251 Index 262 viii

Acknowledgements I am grateful to the many people who have played a part in the development of this book. Jo Campling was originally responsible for editing the first edition. A number of friends and colleagues - Paul Morrison, Jim Richardson and Sandy Kirkman - have all helped me to sort out various ideas about different aspects of counselling. Thanks go to the team at Chapman & Hall, who have always been supportive and helpful. I have learned a great deal from the people who have edited and sub-edited my books in this series. Finally, as ever, thanks to my wife, Sally, to my son, Aaron and my daughter, Rebecca.