About Frontex - The European Border and Coast Guard Agency Current migratory situation Operational Response Joanna Ćwikła-Sztembis Frontex Operational Officer Operational Implementation Sector Field Deployment Unit Operational Response Division 2018 EMN Conference 31 May 2018
European Border and Coast Guard Agency EU policy agency built on the foundation of Frontex (operational since 2005); It has its own legal personality; Autonomous budget; Governed by a Management Board composed of the heads of national border guard authorities and representatives of the European Commission; The European Border and Coast Guard Agency (Frontex) was established by Regulation (EU) 2016/1624 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 14 September 2016 which came into force on 6 October 2016. 2
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New Frontex structure Consultative Forum Management Board Fundamental Rights Office* Executive Director Management Board and Cross-Divisional Secretariat Data Protection Office Deputy Executive Director Media and Public Relations Accounting Office* Cabinet Brussels Office Inspection and Control Registration Office OPERATIONAL RESPONSE Division SITUATIONAL AWARENESS AND MONITORING Division CAPACITY BUILDING Division CORPORATE GOVERNANCE Division International and European Cooperation Unit Field Deployments Unit Risk Analysis Unit Pooled Resources Unit Budget, Financial and Corporate Services Unit European Centre for Return Frontex Situation Centre Training Unit Legal and Procurement Unit Coast Guard and Law Enforcement Unit Vulnerability Assessment Unit Research and Innovation Unit Human Resources and Security Unit * Reporting to Management Board Information and Communication Technology Unit 4
THE AGENCY S TASKS 5
Current migratory situation
MIGRATORY SITUATION IN 2017 Land border Sea border Route # Jan 31 Dec 2017 # Jan 31 Dec 2016 % % change Source: FRAN and Joint Operations data as of 04 Jan 2018 Frontex, RAU Analytics Western Mediterranean Only until November 22 880 10 231 +124 % Western African Only until November 399 583-32 % Western Balkans 11 857 130 261 Circular route to Albania Only until November 6 173 4 919 +25% -91% Central Mediterranean 119 046 181 459-34 % Eastern Land Border only until November 751 1 275-41% Black Sea only until November 537 1 n.a. Eastern Mediterranean 41 720 182 277-77 % 204 719 illegal border-crossings -60% compared to 2016 7
Migratory Situation - January / April 2018 8
Operational Response
Frontex Operational Planning Cycle Preconsultation with MS Risk Analysis Evaluation Consultation with MS Consultation with MS Implementation of Activities Operational Plan 10
Operational responses 2018 VEGA CHILDREN (Air, Land, Sea) FOCAL POINTS (Land, Sea and Air) Concept Flexible Operational Activities at land PULSAR Concept (ALEXIS, PEGASUS) Coordination Points Multipurpose Maritime Activities MINERVA INDALO THEMIS POSEIDON HERA 11
Joint Operations Frontex deploys border and coast guard officers along with vessels, aircraft, helicopters and other equipment to assist countries requiring support at their external borders; Operations are planned with MS and SACs on the basis of Frontex risk analysis (specific Ops Plan incl. rules of engagement, ops area & resources); Tailored to address concrete phenomena at specific external border areas; In emergency situations the agency will now be able to quickly deploy border and coast guard officers from the rapid reaction pool of at least 1 500 officers. 12
Operational Response at land borders (Joint Operations) Flexible Operational Activates on Broder Surveillance Focal Points Coordination Points focus on Western Balkan and South East operational area
Operational concept at land Border checks; Border surveillance; Gathering of information containing personal data through debriefing activities; Supporting screening, fingerprinting and registration of migrants; Detection of other cross border crime activities. 14
Operational aim control illegal immigration flows towards territory of MSs tackle cross-border crime and enhance European cooperation. Host Member States Operational Support: Bulgaria (borders with Turkey and Serbia) Greece (borders with Turkey and FYROM) Hungary (border with Serbia) Reporting/Monitoring: Greece (borders with Albania) Croatia (border with Serbia) Romania (border with Serbia) 26 MS/SAC deploying Team Members and Technical Equipment 7 Third Countries deploying observers Joint Operation Flexible Operational Activities on Border Surveillance 2018 15
Joint Operation Flexible Operational Activities on Border Surveillance 2018 Operational Concept Border surveillance Debriefing o information (intelligence) gathering Screening Synergies in Bulgaria Joint Operation Focal Points 2018 Border checks at Border Crossing Points 16
Joint Operation Focal Points 2018 Operational aim To facilitate the implementation of IBM concept o Border checks o Detection of other cross border crime activities Host MSs (12): BGR, EST, FIN, GRC, HUN, HRV, LVA, LTU, NOR, POL, ROU, SVK 47 Focal Points o 11 in WB operational area o 5 at BGR and GRE border with Turkey Key messages Provide permanent tailored support to MSs in border control Reinforce the monitoring of the migration and security situation Contribute to counter-terrorism efforts Platform for hosting other operational activities o e.g.: EMPACT o customs cooperation 17
Joint Operation Focal Points 2018 Human Resources / Team Members profiles (expertize) First-line Officers Advanced Level Document Officers Stolen Vehicle Detection Officers Second-line Officers Dog Handler specialized in human scent, fire arms, drugs Cross Border Crime Detection Officer Focal Points in WB and South Estarnal operational area Technical Means CO2 probes Heart Beat Detectors Mobile Document Laboratories 18
General overview 2017 Joint Operation Focal Points 2018 17 188 incidents reported with 98 436 persons involved STOLEN VEHICLES REPORTED FROM FPs: 284 TOP3 BORDER SECTIONS: POL-UKR, HUN-SRB, POL-BLR TOP3 DRIVERS: UKR SRB BLR 19
Operational aim Joint Operation Coordination Points 2018 exchange of information related early detection of recent, actual and future illegal migration trends towards the EU through the territory of the third countries Implementation 27 February 4 December 2018 Host TCs ALB, BIH, former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, MDA, MNE, SRB, UKR, Kosovo* 12 CPs o Supportive role of EUBAM (MDA and UKR) o Cooperation with OSCE in former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia Key messages CP Land active mainly in WB TCs Widening of the Frontex mandate Enhanced operational cooperation with Third Countries to be defined during the course of the year (status agreement, etc.) * This designation is without prejudice to positions on the status, and in line with UNSCR 1244/1999 and the ICJ Opinion on the Kosovo declaration of independence. 20
Operational Response at sea borders (Joint Operations) Indalo Themis Poseidon
Frontex Maritime Operations operational concept AT SEA Border surveillance; Enhanced contribution to SAR; Multipurpose operations; AFTER DISEMBARKATION / HOTSPOTS APPROACH Identification (screening); Referral; Registration (fingerprinting); Documents checks; Collection of intelligence (debriefing); 1. Detection and interception at sea 2. Identification process (screening) 3. Referral 4. Security checks 5. Registration process 6. Debriefing 22
JO Indalo 2018 Concept: Enhance border security Technical and operational assistance in SAR Support Spain on carrying out coast guard functions Enrich operational cooperation Support to migration management Improve collection and exchange of information (including personal data) Identify possible risks and threats Establish and exchange best practices Operational aim: to provide technical and operational assistance to Spain by coordinating operational activities at the external sea borders in order to control illegal immigration flows, to tackle cross-border crimes and to enhance European cooperation on coast guard functions. Requesting MS: Spain Participating MS: 18 Implementation: 6 February 2018-31 January 2019 23
JO Themis 2018 Concept: Focus on border surveillance, support to SAR and Coast Guard functions at sea Support to Italy by deploying ships and aircrafts from MS, coordinated by ICC Rome; Support to migration management by deploying experts from MS to the 5 established hotspots; Activities coordinated from EURTF Catania; Cooperation with other agencies: EUROPOL, EASO, IOM, UNHCR, FRA Cooperation with EFCA and EMSA related to Coast Guard functions trough ICC Rome Operational aim: to provide technical and operational assistance to Spain by coordinating operational activities at the external sea borders in order to control illegal immigration flows, to tackle cross-border crimes and to enhance European cooperation on coast guard functions. Host MS: Italy Participating MS: 27 Implementation: 1 February 2018-31 January 2019 24
JO Poseidon 2018 Concept: border surveillance (seaborne, airborne and terrestrial assets) supporting SAR operations border checks at selected BCPs preventing and detecting cross- border crime gathering of information through debriefing and screening activities, including personal data support in registration activities increasing MS capacity by supporting security and database checks support administrative tasks related to readmission procedures and physical transportation of migrants to the country of readmission (EC conclusions 17/ 18 March 2016) Host MS: Greece Participating MS: 26 Implementation: 1 February 2018-31 January 2019 Operational aim: to provide technical and operational assistance to Spain by coordinating operational activities at the external sea borders in order to control illegal immigration flows, to tackle cross-border crimes and to enhance European cooperation on coast guard functions. 25
Frontex maritime Joints Operations Operational results 2017 *Data collected during JO lasting period Source: RAU, FSC, JORA, SBS Operational Teams 26
Frontex operational cooperation with EUNAVFOR MED SOPHIA and NATO Aegean activity
FRONTEX COOPERATION WITH EUNAVFOR MED SOPHIA Strategic Operation al Tactical 28
OPERATIONAL COOPERATION - JO THEMIS and EUNAVFOR MED EXCHANGE OF LIAISON OFFICERS (LO) TO COORDINATION STRUCTURES: EUNAVFOR MED LO JO Themis International Coordination Centre (ICC) EUNAVFOR MED LO EURTF Catania Frontex LO EUNAVFOR MED Operation HQ Rome (OHQ) Frontex LO EUNAVFOR MED Force HQ - Flagship (FHQ) 29
OPERATIONAL COOPERATION - JO THEMIS and EUNAVFOR MED LIAISON OFFICERS TASKS: Participate in operational and/or analytical briefings; Share/confirm situational picture and position of vessels and aircrafts deployed in EUNAVFOR MED and Themis; Process any request addressed from JO Themis to EUNAVFOR MED and vice versa; General support in exchange of information between the two operations; Collect relevant information about ongoing incidents regarding Frontex and EUNAVFORMED units. 30
OPERATIONAL COOPERATION - JO THEMIS and EUNAVFOR MED COOPERATION IN OPERATIONAL ENVIRONMENT: EUNAVFOR MED units to provide security support to Frontex units if the situation requires so; Use of Frontex Maritime Incident Report (MIR) from EUNAVFOR MED units; Exchange of intelligence Directly between Frontex RAU and EUNAVFOR MED CJ2; Frontex support to EUNAVFOR MED training to Libyan Coast Guard Frontex TRU; ONGOING ACTIVITIES: Update of current SOP between JO Themis and EUNAVFOR MED; Pilot Project of Criminal Information Cell (CIC) Led by Frontex RAU. 31
COOPERATION WITH NATO ACTIVITY IN THE AEGEAN NATO MARCOM and Frontex HQ are regularly meeting via secured Video Connection on the state of play of their operation/activity; Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) developed for the practical implementation of the cooperation. SOP has been annexed to the Operational plan; As from April 2016, Frontex Liaison Officer has been deployed on board the flagship of NATO activity to facilitate the information exchange and coordination of activities; Frontex JORA has been made available to all parties for the daily information exchange. NATO MARCOM has provided laptops being able to access NATO regional restricted network for the use of Frontex. 32
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