Having the Difficult Conversation: We need to Discharge You from Hospice Lisa Meadows/MSW Clinical Compliance Educator Accreditation Commission for Health Care
OBJECTIVES Identify the regulatory requirements surrounding discharge planning Identify key components to a consistent discharge process Discuss the best time to initiate the discharge discussion as well as follow up discussions
FEDERAL REQUIREMENTS Medicare Conditions of Participation 418.26 Discharge from hospice care (1) The patient moves out of the hospice s service area or transfers to another hospice (2) The hospice determines that the provider is no longer terminally ill (3) The hospice determines, under a policy set by the hospice for the purpose of addressing discharge for cause that the patient's (or other persons in the patient's home) behavior is disruptive, abusive, or uncooperative to the extent that delivery of care to the patient or the ability of the hospice to operate effectively is seriously impaired. The hospice must do the following before it seeks to discharge a patient for cause:
FEDERAL REQUIREMENTS For cause continued Advise the patient that a discharge for cause is being considered Make a serious effort to resolve the problem(s) presented by the patient's behavior or situation Ascertain that the patient's proposed discharge is not due to the patient's use of necessary hospice services Document the problem(s) and efforts made to resolve the problem(s) and enter this documentation into its medical records July 1, 2012 Patient moves out of the hospice s service area or transfers to another hospice (includes hospitals and SNF s with no contractual arrangements)
FEDERAL REQUIREMENTS Discharge order. Prior to discharging a patient for any reason listed in paragraph (a) of this section, the hospice must obtain a written physician's discharge order from the hospice medical director. If a patient has an attending physician involved in his or her care, this physician should be consulted before discharge and his or her review and decision included in the discharge note
FEDERAL REQUIREMENTS Effect of discharge. An individual, upon discharge from the hospice during a particular election period for reasons other than immediate transfer to another hospice Is no longer covered under Medicare for hospice care Resumes Medicare coverage of the benefits waived under 418.24(d) May at any time elect to receive hospice care if he or she is again eligible to receive the benefit
FEDERAL REQUIREMENTS Discharge planning (1) The hospice must have in place a discharge planning process that takes into account the prospect that a patient s condition might stabilize or otherwise change such that the patient cannot continue to be certified as terminally ill (2) The discharge planning process must include planning for any necessary family counseling, patient education, or other services before the patient is discharged because he or she is no longer terminally ill
FEDERAL REQUIREMENTS 418.104(e)(2) - If a patient revokes the election of hospice care, or is discharged from hospice in accordance with 418.26, the hospice must forward to the patient s attending physician, a copy of (L683) The hospice discharge summary The patient s clinical record, if requested
FEDERAL REQUIREMENTS 418.104(e)(3) - The hospice discharge summary as required by (e)(1) and (e)(2) of this section must include (L684) A summary of the patient's stay including treatments, symptoms and pain management The patient's current plan of care The patient's latest physician orders Any other documentation that will assist in post-discharge continuity of care or that is requested by the attending physician or receiving facility
CALIFORNIA STANDARDS OF QUALITY CARE A policy on causes for termination of services A policy for discharge of patients. Criteria for discharge may include: Death of the patient The patient s condition has changed so he/she is no longer considered eligible for services The patient and family or attending physician requests discharge The patient/family is unwilling to comply with the plan of care, and consistently acts in a way that compromises standards of care Issues of staff safety cannot be resolved The patient moves from the geographic area served by the program The patient and family elects to receive care from another provider Subject to applicable contracts, state and federal law, payment sources are exhausted, and the program is fiscally unable to provide free or partcost care The program is closing
CALIFORNIA STANDARDS OF QUALITY CARE Patient Medical Records: Discharge Discharge notes and summary of all program services, if other than by death shall include: Summary of the patient s physical, mental, spiritual and emotional status at the time of discharge. Method of initiation of discharge, i.e., by physician, hospice, patient and/or family. Date and reason for termination of service. Extent to which treatment goals were obtained. Referrals made, if necessary. Documentation of notification of the termination of services to patient, family and physician. Transfer notes, if appropriate
CALIFORNIA STANDARDS OF QUALITY CARE Discharge notes and summary of all program services, if discharged by death shall include: Date and location of death. Extent to which treatment goals were obtained, including pain and symptom management. Degree of emotional support extended to family and significant others. Bereavement services plan. Disposition of Schedule II drugs
EXPEDITED DETERMINATION NOTICES Generic Notice of Medicare Non-Coverage (NOMNC)- CMS10123 Valid notice delivered at least 2 days prior to termination of services Live discharges determined no longer terminally ill Not issued when discharged for cause Not issued for revocations Detailed Explanation of Non-Coverage (DENC) Forms and instructions found at http://www.cms.gov/medicare/medicare-general - Information/BNI
ADVANCE BENEFICIARY NOTICE Advance Beneficiary Notice (ABN)-CMS-R-131 Issued when service continues but beneficiary is considered no longer terminally ill Level of hospice care is determined to be not reasonable or medically necessary Specific items or services that are billed separately from the hospice benefit and are not reasonable and necessary Not issued for revocations Respite care beyond 5 consecutive days Transfers Forms and instructions found at http://www.cms.gov/medicare/medicare-general - Information/BNI
ELEMENTS OF A CONSISTENT DISCHARGE PROCESS
WHY IS THIS IMPORTANT? Good discharge planning paves the way from one healthcare setting to another and possibly back to your hospice MedPac 2011 79% of live discharges are for patients who are considered no longer terminally ill Abt Associates 2010 49.2% of live discharges are dead within 6 months Complaint surveys Issues of Fraud and Abuse
ELEMENTS OF A CONSISTENT DISCHARGE PROCESS Requires staff knowledge of: Agency s policy Federal and State Requirements Hospice Medicare Benefit Disease Process Chronic vs. Acute
ELEMENTS OF A CONSISTENT DISCHARGE PROCESS Timely process Medicare will not continue to pay once patient is determined to no longer be terminally ill-will not pay for discharge planning IDT involvement; not a single discipline Patient/family education and resource referral Staff comfort level
STARTING THE CONVERSATION Admission? Need to treat each patient and family as an individual Educate patients and family about the Hospice Medicare Benefit CMS resource No penalty for inappropriate admission Written information that can be part of the Admission packet Discharge planning is an IDT function; not a single discipline Don t sugar coat it Patients are still sick, scared
PROCESS When is it discussed? Document or track decline Software Manually graph Utilization Committee Face-to-Face What is your agency s policy for Face to Face Timing is everything
PROCESS Step 1: First inkling of potential discharge Step 2: IDT input; including Attending Physician Step 3: Discussion with patient/family
PROCESS Step 4: Objective Evaluation Step 5: Discharge Preparation/NOMNC Step 6: Discharge
MAINTAINING THE RELATIONSHIP Follow up Volunteers Standardized form Process for clinical evaluation
MAINTAINING THE RELATIONSHIP 2 week post discharge phone call Do you have the medical equipment that was ordered for you? Have you had any problems getting the medications you are prescribed? Have any of your medications been changed? Is the home health agency still providing the care that was ordered for you? Have you been to the doctor or hospital since you were discharged from hospice? Have you had any falls or other medical situations since you were discharged from hospice?
MAINTAINING THE RELATIONSHIP Monthly follow up phone call Are you still using the medical equipment that was ordered for you? Have you had to use additional equipment? Has the home health agency changed the frequency in which they are visiting you? Increased or decreased visits? Has different staff started providing care in the home? Have your medications changed? Have you had any MD appointments or hospitalizations, gone to the emergency room for anything since we last talked? Have you had any falls or other medical situations since we last talked?
TAKE AWAYS Educate staff Ensure their comfort level Utilize those that do it well Role play Evaluate your process and policy Follow up What can your agency do to maintain the relationship?
RESOURCES California Standards of Quality Care, 2005 Medicare Conditions of Participation for Hospice CMS Transmittal 2711, Change Request 7903, May 24, 2013 CMS Transmittal 2410, Change Request 7677, Feb 3, 2012 MLN Matters Number: MM7821 MLN Matters Number: MM7677
QUESTIONS?