DATE BATTLE DETAILS- GENERALS/OBJECTIVES/ CASUALTIES April 12, 1861 Fort Sumter -Charleston Harbor, SC -Anderson Union -Beauregard Confederate RESULT-WHO WON? Confederate victory when Union surrenders SIGNIFICANCE -Beginning of Civil War
DATE BATTLE DETAILS- GENERALS/OBJECTIVES/ CASUALTIES RESULT-WHO WON? SIGNIFICANCE July 21, 1861 First Bull Run (First Manassas) -Manassas, VA -Beauregard Confederate vs McDowell Union -Union attempt take Richmond the Confederate capital -Introduction of Stonewall Jackson Confederate victory -South thrilled -North is shocked, underestimated their opponent -Lincoln calls for army of 500,000 volunteers
DATE BATTLE DETAILS- GENERALS/OBJECTIVES/ CASUALTIES February 6 and 16, 1862 Battles of Fort Henry and Donelson -Ft. Henry on Tennessee River and Ft. Donelson on Cumberland River -Ulysses S. Grant-Union -Objective was to take Tennessee -4,332 casualties RESULT-WHO WON? -Union victory SIGNIFICANCE -Opens a river highway to the South -Union troops march into Nashville
DATE BATTLE DETAILS- GENERALS/OBJECTIVES/ CASUALTIES RESULT-WHO WON? SIGNIFICANCE March 9, 1862 Battle of the Ironclads -off the coast of VA -new warships covered with iron -Merimack vs Monitor -Four-hour battle -Draw -New era of naval warfare -New war technology -Confederates burn Merimack
DATE BATTLE DETAILS- GENERALS/OBJECTIVES/ CASUALTIES April 6-7, 1862 Battle of Shiloh -Near Pittsburg Landing TN -Grant and Sherman Union vs Johnston and Beauregard Confederate -Johnston attacks Grant to drive him out of South -Union casualties-13,000 -Confederate casualties- 11,000 RESULT-WHO WON? Union victory SIGNIFICANCE -fiercest fighting in the CW so far - A very bloody affair
DATE BATTLE DETAILS- GENERALS/OBJECTIVES/ CASUALTIES April 24, 1862 Battle of New Orleans -Farragut-Union fleet commander -Objective to control N.O. and the Miss. River RESULT-WHO WON? Union Victory SIGNIFICANCE -Union captures New Orleans-largest city in the South -only 150 mile stretch of Miss. River still controlled by Confederacy -heavy blow to South -Union well on way to goal of splitting the Confederacy in two
DATE BATTLE DETAILS-GENERALS/OBJECTIVES/ CASUALTIES RESULT-WHO WON? SIGNIFICANCE June 25, 1862 The Seven Days Battles -near Richmond VA -McClellan tries to capture Richmond -Robert E. Lee in charge of Army of Northern VA -JEB Stuart Commander of Confederate Cavalry -McClellan forced to retreat -36,000 casualties -Union-16,000 casualties and 1700 killed -Confed.-20,000 casualties and 3500 Confederate victory -along with Second Bull Run- Lee ends Union threat in VA
DATE BATTLE DETAILS- GENERALS/OBJECTIVES/ CASUALTIES August 29-30, 1862 Second Bull Run (Second Manassas) -Manassas VA -Union-John Pope -Confederate-Robert E. Lee -22, 100 casualties -Union 1700 killed -Confederate 1300 killed RESULT-WHO WON? Confederate victory SIGNIFICANCE -along with Seven Days ends Union threat in VA -Gives Lee the opportunity to move his army into Maryland (invade the Union)
September 1862 Lee invades the North Details: 1. Lee hoped a victory in the North would force Lincoln to talk peace 2. the invasion would give VA farmers a break from war during harvest season 3. Confederate soldiers could plunder Northern farms for food 4. Lee wanted to convince European countries to side with South
DATE BATTLE DETAILS- GENERALS/OBJECTIVES/ CASUALTIES RESULT-WHO WON? SIGNIFICANCE Septembe r 17, 1862 Battle of Antietam Creek -near Sharpsburg MD -Union McClellan -Confed-Lee -Union soldier finds Lee s battle plans and McClellan decides to attack and stop Lee s army -23,000 casualties -Union 2,100 killed -Confederacy 1,500 killed -Inconclusive but Lincoln claims victory -bloodiest day in all of American history -McClellan does not pursue Lee and is fired by Lincoln (Nov 1862) -Mathew Brady s pictures on display in NY -Lincoln uses claim of victory to issue the Emancipation Proclamation
Fredericksburg
DATE BATTLE DETAILS- GENERALS/OBJECTIVES/ CASUALTIES December 11-15, 1862 Battle of Fredericksburg Confederate-Robert E. Lee Union-Ambrose Burnside 17,929 total casualties -one of the largest and deadliest battles of the war -200,000 combatants-largest concentration of soldiers in the war -fought in streets of Fredericksburg, first urban RESULT-WHO WON? -Confederate victory SIGNIFICANCE -great Confederate victory -Lee quote: It is well that war is so terrible, or we should grow too fond of it. -Lincoln removes Burnside as commander of the Army of the Potomac
January 1, 1863 President Lincoln signs the Emancipation Proclamation Details: 1. Abolitionists urge Lincoln to emancipate enslaved persons 2. Lincoln hesitates/did not believe Const. gave him the power 3. After Antietam he decides to act 4. January 1, 1863-Lincoln issues Emancipation Proclamation-frees all slaves in Confederate territory 5. even though it freed few slaves-it changed the goal of the war to liberation 6. EP also accepted African-American men into Union Army; many joined, by end of war 180,000 black soldiers
Fredericksburg
DATE BATTLE DETAILS- GENERALS/OBJECTIVES/ CASUALTIES April 21- May 11, 1863 Battle of Chancellorsville Confederate-Lee Union-Hooker 30,764 casualties -Stonewall Jackson (Confederate) takes30,000 men and swings around the enemy, launches a surprise attack on Hooker -Jackson shot by own men; loses left arm and then dies of pneumonia RESULT-WHO WON? Confederate victory SIGNIFICANCE -at the time Chancellorsville was the bloodiest battle more than Antietam, Shiloh, Second Bull Run at least until Gettysburg -loss of Stonewall Jackson for the Confederate side