Glaucoma risk based pathways and effective working Fiona Spencer Manchester Royal Eye Hospital May 2016
Disclosures Received Honoraria/Travel expenses/accommodation from Pfizer, Allergan and Thea Pharmaceuticals to speak on service development
The Bow Wave of Doom Pressures of providing service with capacity outstripped by demand Increased ageing population Increased case finding by optometrists Increased referrals by optometrists following NICE guidelines Success at managing glaucoma means more sighted patients to continue care Increased frequency review of high risk/ post-operative patients and more interventions in clinic Less medical staff available
Where did I start? GRRS Glaucoma Referral Refinement Scheme 1999 Asked by Eye Services Group incl SHA and LOC to look at shared care in glaucoma Met with Local Optical Committee Enlisted support at MREH/Created team Designed training course Evening lectures, practicals, accreditation Direct referral form to MREH Selection process One per practice All attended lectures if wished Had 17 complete course and 15 accredited
Glaucoma Referral Refinement Scheme Started 2000 Reduced number of false positive referrals Improved quality referral information to HES Utilised optometric experience in community and increased skills
Success of Scheme Established good relationship LOC Repeated training sessions 12-18 months, accreditation 2005, 2007 and renewed scheme 2013 Initial audit Nov 01-May 03 of 670 pts seen 59% referred BMJ Open 2013; Gokulan Ratnarajan et al The effectiveness of schemes that refine referrals between primary and secondary care the UK experience with glaucoma referrals: the Health Innovation & Education Cluster (HIEC) Glaucoma Pathways Project
OLGA: Optometric Led Glaucoma Assessment for Low Risk Patients Built from 2001, recruited first optometrist and technician Training programme devised College Optometrists Diploma Glaucoma Protocols for one stop service for low risk patients; into and out of service; patient information Emphasis Quality of Care, standardised protocols, EPR, patients remain under own consultant e.g. gonioscopy done in 97% its in service rather than about 47% in those not under glaucoma team s care
OLGA Audited Even in 2004 only 9% referral back rate Developed advanced protocols for disc haemorrhage Patient satisfaction higher than main clinic Published agreement in decision making; Marks JR et al Eye 2012;
From Zero to Hero?
Development OLGA : Moderate risk Community setting three centres (one last year) New OLGA: all non-tertiary referrals Each consultant take week Independent prescribing + advance patient directives Protocol follows NICE guidance for initial management Follow-up OLGA or consultant clinic Overall 26 sessions, 9 patients 16 OLGA optometrists trained, 11 still with us 8 with diploma, 1 with certificate, 8 with IP and 1 working towards it Protocols expanded to see moderate risk patients! Work in 4 consultant clinics also seeing complex patients Take skills back to OLGA
The Manchester Experience! GRRS OLGA + Community OLGA New OLGA Complex clinics 4 sessions Nurse Led Education GEC
Get a Grip on Glaucoma! Action research group of health professionals, patients and researchers to develop, implement and evaluate the programme Based on 27 qualitative interviews Group education course run by Nurse practitioner 2 afternoons MEMS Medication Event Monitoring System to assess adherence Better compliance in patients on course Empowered patients, better understanding disease
Home phasing IOP Example of finding the right personnel for the right role Not had success in training ANPs in glaucoma role Excellent role in patient education, information leaflets, resolving problems Using Icare for home tonometry Karen has most experience, globally in this! 54 patients out of 114 suitable Patients enjoy being able to self monitor
GEC: Glaucoma Evaluation Clinic Virtual review of existing low risk patients since 2013 OHT/suspect glaucoma/stable/early POAG one medication Consultant/later Assoc specialist also IOP, Field, OCT, questionnaire 30 patients per session Needed to expand capacity Difficult to recruit/takes time to train optometrists Now optometrists capable reviewing moderate risk pts Consultant clinics swamped with complex & moderate pts Ophthalmic Science Practitioner led Trained in tonometry: lectures and practicals/signed off Already undertook OCT and Humphrey Perimetry
GEC: Glaucoma Evaluation Clinic
Manchester Workload 13,500 patients 3/4 consultants! Current distribution GEC 10% 25% OLGA 45% 60% Consultant led 45% 15%
Developing your Service Need to look at what will succeed locally How many patients/size of problem? What risk level glaucoma needs to be seen Clinic space available: Primary or Secondary Care Cost of set-up and equipment: funding options Consider personnel you may need and who is available locally Training required; level of supervision needed; sick leave/maternity leave/continuity service Protocols for referral into and out of service Continuing education/professional development of staff Audit and assessment tools
The Modern Glaucoma Team: which superheroes do you need? Optometrists Have slit lamp skills/fundus examination already Used to independent practice, decision making; Independent prescribers Within HES or community: 10,000 in England Orthoptists Used to assessing patients independently Used to decision making Nurses Follow protocols well Expertise in communication skills, patient education Ophthalmic Science Practitioners Expanding roles
The Modern Glaucoma Team : Accreditation College Optometrists Certificate; Higher Certificate; Advanced Level/Diploma New courses available open to all AHPs Other AHPs no formal accreditation Extended nursing roles with local protocols/risk assessment Even for Ophthalmic Science Practitioner roles Common Competencies Framework New RCOphth initiative working with Optometry/Orthoptists/Nursing professional groups Setting standards across the board The future?
What have I learned? Engage others in your vision Build a team Start slowly Review and audit Consider developing different clinic models for different needs Consider designing your patient pathway based around risk levels Assume your model will develop/change over time Make the most of your available team Use your resources wisely Keep engaging with local stakeholders CCGs/LOC
Acknowledgements: Our team Robert Harper David Henson Ted Cadman Cecilia Fenerty Amanda Harding Jo Marks Leon Au Jane Mottershead Jane Gray Eleni Nikita Karen Cairns Contact wayforward@rcophth.ac.uk