Policies regional, science & technology and industrial/enterprise to encourage competitive regional innovation clusters Dr. Petra Püchner Managing Director Steinbeis-Europa-Zentrum / Steinbeis Innovation ggmbh Washington, December 2011 1
Steinbeis-Europa-Zentrum Your partner for innovation in Europe Office of the Commissioner for Europe of the Minister of Economics Baden-Württemberg Economically independent organisation within the Steinbeis Network Budget >3 Mio. EUR, non profit, project financed (Project clients: EU, national und regional stakeholders public and private) 2
SEZ Services 3
Steinbeis-Europa-Zentrum Policy advisor MicroTec Südwest 4
EU Cohesion Policy : solidarity for growth 2007-2013: 347 billion euro invested for less well-off regions or citizens in infrastructure, business, environment and training of workers 4 Regional Fund 4 Social Fund 4 Cohesion fund Convergence objective: regions with GDP per capita under 75% of the EU average. 81.5% of the funds are spent on this objective. Regional competitiveness and employment objective. 5
Cluster policies in EU 27 National 69 national cluster programmes 50 % related to enterprise policy or science and technology policy 25 % regional policy RTD involvement is high in most of the cluster programmes Around 40 % of the MS have no regional cluster programmes Target group mostly business Most of them implemented by Ministries of Industry/Economics, then Ministry of Research High variation of types and scopes of programmes 4 cluster agencies doing only clusters the normal thing: cluster as additional task (71 agencies). 6
Regional Innovation Scoreboard - 2009 See: http://www.proinnoeurope.eu/page/regional-innovationscoreboard «In EU 27, 52% of enterprises reported innovation activity between 2006 and 2008. Among them 34% cooperated with other enterprises, universities and public R&D institutes» (Eurostat, 6th Community Innovation Survey, November 2010) 7
The EU clusters initiatives Expertise Policy Cooperation New and better tools Quality support Initiative for Excellence of Cluster Organisations European Cluster Observatory Cluster Partnerships (Cluster-IP) FP7 INTERREG Structural Funds http://www.clustercollaboration.eu/ Analysis http://www.europe- innova.eu/web/guest/home/- /journal_content/56/10136/403981 8
DG Regio European Community instruments for cluster Cohesion policy: 308 billion EUR. 24 % for innovation European Social fund European Regional Development Fund Interreg : Interregional cooperation : supporting new policy and trans-national good practice exchange, pilots etc. DG Enterprise (2,5 MEUR in 3 years for cluster ) Cluster Observatory /Cluster cooperation platform /Cluster Alliance (Tool for assessment of cluster management) Pro-Inno Europe: 11 sector based cluster cooperations across borders 45 automotive regions join in the European Automotive Strategy Network European Label for Cluster Management Excellence (1,5 MEUR) 9
DG Research European Community instruments for cluster /Networks European Technology Platforms Research strategies / road maps Industry, research and other stakeholders Joint Technology Initiatives Joint undertakings of industry and the European Commission Own budget for research programmes / calls for proposals Network of academia and industry Innovative Medicines Initiative (IMI) Embedded Computing Systems (ARTEMIS) Aeronautics and Air Transport (Clean Sky) Nanoelectronics Technologies 2020 (ENIAC) Fuel Cells and Hydrogen (FCH) 10
Regional Innovation policy needs a coordinated and strategic action of all policy levels! RTD Innovation clusters b a c 11
Why cluster support? Challenge: Optimally Positioning local innovation systems in their global value chains Global research & innovation area Sectorinnov. systems RIS NIS SIS regional innov. syst national innov. systems Microcosm cluster: - local actor-network in global sector - nets 12 12
The Big PPP Challenge Companies (have to) aim at maximising overall return on all their investments Public investment must find the right balance (at each governance level, and each phase in the RTDI process) between enabling private appropriation of knowledge profits, but also making available the social benefits of knowledge production 13
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Policy levels Regional Policy Regional growth initiatives Technology parks... Rural Policy Diversification of employment in rural areas Technology Transfer (ICT) and Infrastructure Development of microbusinesses Integrated Rural Development Bottom-up processes... Technology policy Specific technology development programmes Collaborative Research Technology parks (top down)... Enterprise Policy Standardisation. PPP Financing Small Business Act Entrepreneurship... 15
Technology Clusters Lombardia Technology policy Technopoles France Research + Industry Policy High tech strategy Germany defines lead markets Top down or bottom up Excellence Cluster competition Germany Regional policy 120 cluster initiatives in Baden- Württemberg 16
Challenges for Systemic Innovation Policy Danger of fragmentation of innovation policy: need for intragovernment policy coordination (horizontal) Increasing role of regions for innovation: need for vertical policy coordination More efficiency through coherent strategies rather than isolated instruments Need for more policy intelligence monitoring and evaluation of policies sound analyses of innovation systems benchmarking practices long term views, foresight 17
Regional potential combined with strategic planning combined with coordinated approach on governmental and regional level 18
Regional Innovation (Technology) Policy in Baden-Württemberg a.) Installment of 17 Universities of Applied Sciences / Poytechnical Univers. in the more rural regions of Baden-Württemberg = 17 nuclei for economic growth skilled young people space for enterprise development streets, access to motorways, etc. families come and stay (high quality of living) b) Each of them start a Steinbeis Technology Transfer Centre to react on the needs of SME 19 19
Regional Innovation (Technology) Policy in Baden-Württemberg Installment of Applied Research infrastructures Providing research and technical development for SME and industry In areas where mostly SME work and in rural locations -Textiles (Denkendorf) -Leather (Reutlingen) -Micro- and informationtechnology (Villingen Schwenningen) -Metall work (Schwäbisch Gmünd) - Natural and medical technologies (Reutlingen) 20 20
Regional Innovation (Technology) Policy in Baden-Württemberg Cooperative research funding min. 2 enterprises cooperate with 1 research organisation Leading to enforced innovation capacity in enterprises And technology transfer since 2000: Promotion of Networks and clusters 21 21
Universities and Academies of higher education Baden-Württemberg has the most dense and the most modern structure of Universities and Academies for higher education, including: Universities Universities of Applied Sciences Vocational Academies Private Universities Elite Universities 9 Universities (of which, four Elite Universities in Heidelberg, Freiburg, Karlsruhe and Constance have won an award in the Excellence Initiative 2006/2007) 41 Universities of Applied Sciences 8 Vocational Academies 21 Private Universities A network of technology transfer centers (Steinbeis-transfer centers) provides the bridge between private industry and research institutes and guarantees rapid access to new results. Source: Ministry of Economics Baden-Württemberg 22 22
A Unique Scientific and Technological Infrastructure Research and Development Institutes The State provides a unique research infrastructure consisting of 3 Large-scale research institutes 12 Max-Planck-Institutes* 14 Fraunhofer Institutes* 13 Contract research institutes * incl. subsidaries of institutes with headquarters outside Baden-Württemberg ** incl. an institute with two locations Source: Ministry of Economics Baden-Württemberg 23 23
Regional Innovation (Technology) Policy in Baden-Württemberg Promotion of Networks and clusters Why Cluster Policy? Creating innovative environments Enhancing a culture of cooperation Enabling new and emerging technologies 24 24
Regional potential combined with strategic planning combined with coordinated approach on governmental and regional level 25
Cluster Mapping Baden-Württemberg = Mapping of Regional Potential!!! Survey on existing regional clusters / cluster initiatives as basis for a pragmatic cluster policy Orientation for policy, administration, networks and industry Where should investment go Where is policy support needed 26 26
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Targets / Potentials of Baden-Württemberg s policy Produktionstechnik Automotive Luft- und Raumfahrt Pharmaindustrie Branchenorientierte Zielfelder sectors Telekommunikation Logistik inkl. Intralogistik Mechatronik Medizintechnik Lead Markets: Wissenswirtschaft Health & care Sustainable mobility Environment & Resource efficiency Biotechnologie Embedded systems & ICT Informationstechnologie/ Unternehmenssoftware services Medien-, Kultur- und Kreativwirtschaft Satellitennavigation Querschnittskompetenzen Technologieorientierte Zielfelder Photonik cross-cutting technologies Neue Werkstoffe/ Oberflächen Prognos AG 2006 Energie Sicherheitstechnik Mikrosystemtechnik 28 28
Resulting mechanisms: - where to invest (use of ERDF) Establishment of Baden-Württemberg wide networks In emerging sectors like e-mobility, environmental technologies, life sciences, Satellite + Navigation 100 % financed Strengthening regional clusters/ networks Yet small, but high potential and high motivation Political interest to strengthen the region Supporting internationalisation of clusters only few cluster have developed strategies for internationalisation Lack of resources, lack of awareness 29
Traditional sector clusters and emerging techn. clusters Manufacturing Creative Industries Packaging Nano Logistics Photonics 30
Traditional sector clusters and emerging techn. clusters Nanotech Manufacturi ng Optical Technolo gies Packagin g Logistics Creative Industries 31
Cross-cutting Issues like Cross-Cutting Technologies like Boosting innovation through new cluster concepts More traditional Clusters like Automotive Food Manufact. Industry Materials Furniture Tourism Micro & Nanotechnology Design & Creative Industries Green / smart Technologies INTERNATIONALISATION & TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER SUSTAINABILITY GENDER & DIVERSITY 32
Good Practice: Mechatronic Cluster Bionic Engineering (mechanical, electrical) IT / software Manufacturing Photonics Manufacturing of machines/systems Mechanical services Sensors Automation, robotics Materials, printing Automotive Medical technology Etc. 33
Regional Innovation policy needs a coordinated and strategic action of all policy levels! RTD Innovation clusters b a c 34
Creative Ind 11/22 Embedded systems 13/24 Nano 12/20 Engineering 14/18 Smart Spezialisation!!! Materials 16/21 Tourism 16/19 Furniture 12/14 Knowledge Services 12/17 35
Smart Specialisation Strategies!!! Smart Growth European Commission Communication (2010): Smart specialisation is a way of reconciling centripetal forces towards agglomeration with a balanced distribution of research and innovation capacity across the EU, by encouraging all regions to invest in areas best suited to developing their comparative advantage. Clusters are an important element in smart specialisation strategies. 36
Who wants to do Nanotechnology? Here Here Here Here Here Here Here 37
New cluster policy concepts to exploit emerging industry sectors Embedded systems 13/24 Creative Ind 11/22 Nano 12/20 Engineering 14/18 Materials 16/21 Tourism 16/19 Furniture 12/14 Knowledge Services 12/17 38
Making choices Smart Specialisation strategy Realistic according to the own potential and the surrounding potentials Defining where regions wants to go in terms of competitiveness through innovation. Focusing minds, efforts and (scarce) public resources Opening opportunities for all. 39
Important issues when starting cluster policy as incentive for competitiveness of the regions Industrial and commercial brownfields carry high potentials!! Industrial and commercial districts need a regional and cluster-policy driven strategy Town / regional planners are sparring partners for regional cluster policy 40 40
EU Cohesion Policy : solidarity for growth 2007-2013: 347 billion euro invested for less well-off regions or citizens in infrastructure, business, environment and training of workers 4 Regional Fund 4 Social Fund 4 Cohesion fund Convergence objective: regions with GDP per capita under 75% of the EU average. 81.5% of the funds are spent on this objective. Regional competitiveness and employment objective. 41
And now: Cohesion Policy aligning with Europe 2020 Smart growth: developing an economy based on knowledge and innovation Sustainable growth: promoting a more resource efficient, greener and more competitive economy Inclusive growth: fostering a high-employment economy delivering social and territorial cohesion 42
Regions profit from Clusters Attracting talent and investment More business, more employment, better quality of life More public investment in infrastructure Smart specialisation based on the region s strength Priorities for investment in RTD and education Higher visibility of the region Higher competitiveness through targeted innovation for specific markets / niche markets New opportunities for entrepreneurship 43
Summarizing Cluster Policy as part of regional Innovation policy Based on potential and smart specialisation Bottom up / top down depending on the regional structure Funding as incentive no long term dependencies Awareness raising for cooperative culture and crossfertilisation Quicker time to markets Shorter innovation cycles Pro-active use of emerging technologies 44
Thank you for your attention! Steinbeis-Europa-Zentrum Haus der Wirtschaft Willi-Bleicher-Str. 19 70174 Stuttgart Tel.: +49-711-123 4010 Fax: +49-711-123 4011 Haus der Wirtschaft Erbprinzenstr. 4-12 76113 Karlsruhe Tel.: +49-721-935 190 Fax: +49-721-395 1920 www.steinbeis-europa.de 45 45