Chapter 16, Section 4 Life During the Civil War (pages 478-483) Setting a Purpose for Reading Think about these questions as you read: What was life like for the soldiers? What role did women play in the war? How did the war affect the economies of the North and South? As you read pages 478 483 in your textbook, complete this graphic organizer by describing the roles of these individuals during the Civil War Loretta Janeta Velázquez Role Dorothea Dix Clara Barton As you read, write the correct dates for each of these events: Union Congress passes income tax Confederate Congress passes draft law Union passes draft law Angry mobs oppose the draft in New York City Chapter 16, Section 4 245
The Lives of Soldiers (pages 478 479) Write a one-sentence summary of the subsection The Reality of War. The Reality of War Write two words or phrases that are related to the academic vocabulary word from this section. medical In the space available, define the following words you studied earlier. casualties (Chapter 16, Section 2) desert (Chapter 6, Section 2) Women and the War (pages 479 481) Read the section on women and the war, and then write three sentences describing the contributions that women made to the war effort. 246 Chapter 16, Section 4
Read the sentence below. Put a checkmark in the space before the word or words that best explain what the word distributed means in this sentence. distributed Women on both sides worked to make bandages, ammunition, clothing, and medicine that could be distributed to the troops. handed out manufactured sold Opposition to the War (pages 481 482) Check how well you have understood this subsection by answering the following questions. 1. Why did the governments of the North and South pass laws creating the draft? 2. How did people in the North and South respond to the draft? Choose a term from this lesson from the list to complete each sentence by writing the term in the correct space. You will not use all the terms. bounty draft free speech enlistment habeas corpus 1. The South was the first to enact a law, but the North later passed one also. 2. Lincoln and Davis both temporarily suspended, which allowed the government to jail opponents without a trial. 3. The drop-off in the number of volunteers led the North to pass a law giving a(n) to any civilian who joined the army. Chapter 16, Section 4 247
War and the Economy (pages 482 483) After reading the subsection, which section North or South do you think would have the better economy after the war? Why? Define or describe the following terms. greenbacks inflation Choose an academic vocabulary word from this lesson from the list below to complete each sentence by replacing the underlined word. Write the correct term in the space. impact impose income 1. The governments of the North and South both had to borrow money and enact taxes to get the sums needed to pay for the war. 2. The Civil War had a deep effect on the economies of the North and South. 248 Chapter 16, Section 4
Now that you have read the section, write the answers to the questions that were included in Setting a Purpose for Reading at the beginning of the section. What was life like for the soldiers? What role did women play in the war? How did the war affect the economies of the North and South? Chapter 16, Section 4 249
Name Date Class Guided Reading Activity The Civil War Section The Strain of War Read at different speeds. If you find the material easy to understand, you should read a little faster. If the text is difficult, slow down to understand what you read. Reading for Accuracy DIRECTIONS: Use your textbook to decide if a statement is true or false. Write T or F in the blank. If a statement is false, rewrite it to make it true. 1. After the Battle of Fredericksburg, General Joseph Hooker resigned and was replaced by General Ambrose Burnside. 2. Stonewall Jackson was wounded in the Battle of Fredericksburg and died a week later. 3. McClellan, Burnside, Hooker, and Meade were generals who led Confederate forces. 4. In the North, Congress decided to allow the formation of all African American regiments. 5. The 45th Massachusetts was an African American regiment that served on the front lines of the battle for Fort Wagner. 6. The Battle of Gettysburg ended the Confederate goal of gaining help from Britain and France. Copyright Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 7. Ulysses S. Grant held a 47-day siege against Vicksburg, Mississippi. 70