The Young Professional Orientation and Training Program January 21, 2008 DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT IN ALBAY PROVINCE CEDRIC D. DAEP Lecturer
Albay Zero Casualty Experiences Nov. 2-3, 1995 Super Typhoon Rosing Nov. 3, 1998 Super Typhoon Loleng
Albay Zero Casualty Experiences 2001 Mayon Volcano Eruption 2000 Mayon Volcano Eruption
Albay Zero Casualty Experiences Nov, 2005 Landslide 1994 Mud and Debris Flows
Albay Zero Casualty Experiences (On Other Hazards, 1995-2005) FLOOD/FLASHFLOOD
TYPHOON MILENYO hit Albay Before Typhoon Reming on September 27, 2006 Dead 14 (3 heart failure) Injured 176 persons Reasons: Failure to evacuate. Returned back after evacuating other members of the family to fix their house Other stayed home to protect properties
A Day Before Typhoon Reming November 29, 2006 9:00AM PDCC-Albay had issued public advisory declaring the entire province under preparedness stage (Typhoon Warning Signal No. 2 was in effect) 6:00PM PDCC had issued public advisory declaring Albay Province under evacuation stage (TWSNo.3 was in effect)
During Typhoon Reming November 30, 2006 About 8:00AM the effect started (rain and wind) About 11:00AM wind was so strong and the flood was observed increasing About 2:00PM to strong wind and flood was beleived to be at its highest level. Zero vesibility at about 10-15 meter distance Past 5:00PM Wind subsided but flooding still in progress
BUT: DURING TYPHOON REMING November 30, 2006 Confirmed Dead 604 persons Identified - 432 persons Unidentified 172 persons Missing 419 persons Injured 1,465 persons
Reasons for Typhoon Reming Casualties 1. There were no evacuation centers available since destroyed by Typhoon Milenyo. 2. Most areas hit by mud and debris flows were never affected by the previous typhoons of similar effects. 3. River channels were filled up already by debris due to Typhoon Milenyo. 4. Vulnerable population could not listen from provincial preparedness and evacuation advisories through the local broadcast media having radio sets operated by commercial power.
Reasons for Typhoon Reming Casualties 5. Commercial power and other lifelines were all down due to Typhoon Milenyo. 6. Communication network and warning capability of the Provincial Disaster Coordinating Council of Albay were destroyed by Typhoon Milenyo 7. The actual rainfall was 467mm equivalent to one month rainfall
DRR Activities in Albay Province Risk and Resource Mapping Redefining the Roles and Responsibilities of local DCC members as well as the DCC Operational Protocol Reorganizing the Local DCCs
DRR Pre-Emergency Management Structure Disaster Management Coordinator Asst. Disaster Management Coordinator Administrative Operations
DRR Pre-Emergency Management Structure ADMINISTRATIVE Data Bank Documentation & Research Housekeeping Warehousing Risk Mapping Planning Budget & Finance Legislation Institutional Networking NGO Assistance Others..
DRR Pre-Emergency Management Structure OPERATIONS Relief Warning Transportation Communication Rescue & Evacuation Educ. & Trng. Livelihood Price Monitoring & Control Security Engineering Stress Management Health & Sanitation Info. & Media Releases Livestock Evacuation
Organizational Structure of the Provincial Disaster Management Office (Now Albay Public Safety & Emergency Mgt. Office, 1995) Provl. Govt. Dept. Head Asst. Provl. Govt. Dept. Head Research Documentation & Statistics Division Medical & Emergency Services Division Road Safety Division Planning & Operations Division Information & Training Division
Established Provincial Disaster Operation Center
FUNCTIONS OF PDOC Center of PDCC Coordination and communication The core of emergency actions Disaster Management Data Base The center of disaster research, planning as well as risk and resource mapping and analysis The command post, Control of Incident Command System A place where PDCC meetings, conferences press briefings, and workshops are held A facility where the APSEMO, PSWDO, PHO, PIA, DILG,DOH Provl Office staff are housed
PDOC EXISTING FACILITIES AND EQUIPMENT Office spaces Warehouse Powerhouse and 3 units of power generators (5 kva, 3kva & 600 volts) Information room Conference room (50-70 person capacity) Radio room Staff quarters Communication and documentation equipment GPS 2 vehicles (one 4x4 nissan frontier and 0ne rescue ambulance with stretcher, spine board and emergency medical and rescue kits)
Control and Coordinations PDCC Under PD1566 and RA 8185, PDCC has over-all control of Disaster Risk Reduction, Preparedness and Response Activities. APSEMO Institutionalized disaster management office serving as the permanent secretariat of PDCC-Albay PDOC established as the center of coordination and the hub of emergency preparedness and response.
The Operational Policy BDCC is in operational control on disaster that affect only one barangay. Higher DCC Supports requirements beyond BDCC organic capability. C/MDCC is in operational control on disaster that affects one city or municipality. PDCC supports requirements beyond their organic capabilities. PDCC controls emergency situation where two or more municipalities/cities are affected. Higher DCCs support requirements beyond PDCC organic capability.
PDCC Operational Structure CHAIRMAN VICE-CHAIRMAN S E C R E T A R I A T E APSEMO Secretariat Pre-Disaster Phase APSEMO C/MDCC BDCC PAGASA PHIVOLCS MEDIA NGOs Disaster Phase LGUs NGAs NGOs APSEMO Secretariat RELIGIOUS MEDIA Intl. Org. Post-Disaster Phase LGUs NGAs NGOs RELIGIOUS MEDIA Intl. Org. Albay Mabuhay Task Force Secretariat
Established working relationships between the PDCC and the Warning Agencies PAGASA APSEMO PDCC
Early Warning and Evacuation (zero casualty) PAGASA PDCC BROADCAST MEDIA PAGASA and PHIVOLCS are the official warning agencies. PDCC has defined actions required corresponding to the warning level issed by the warning agencies. Broadcast Media dessiminates emergency information. C/MDCC BDCC COMMUNITIES
Community Disaster Preparedness and Response Activities (Organizing, Education and Trainings). Hazard Awareness Seminars Workshops on The Checklist Of DRR Activities Workshop on Warning System Communication Protocol And Evacuation Procedures
Community-Based Disaster Preparedness Early Warning System Establish Rainfall Monitoring Stations at the community Level Communication Protocol Established through trainings, seminars and table-top-exercises. Install community emergency warning board. Evacuation Procedures Develops selection criteria on safe evacuation centers Develops community evacuation plan with identified safe routes, triage system, pick-up safe areas and community assigned safe temporary holding areas.
Communication Protocol for the LGUs PAGASA PHIVOLCS Telephone/Fax /VHF Radio PDCC C/MDCC BDCC Telephone /VHF Radio Telephone /VHF Radio HIGHER DCC COMMUNITY Bell, Whistle, Megaphone, siren, etc
Community-Based Evacuation Procedures Evacuation Planning Workshops Develops selection criteria for safe evacuation centers Identifies Population-At-Risk Identifies safe pick-up area or triage area for final evacuation movement. Determines safe and short evacuation routes. Designates evacuees in safe evacuation centers
DCC Operational Responsibility from Preparedness to Response BDCC Shall be responsible for evacuation of the vulnerable population and in case of floods, early warning. M/CDCC Shall take responsibility for the camp and evacuation management. PDCC provides augmentations on emergency supplies and coordinates external assistance for other identified resource gaps.
Other Pre-Disaster Risk Activities Community risk & resource mapping PHIVOLCS, MGB Developed Contingency Plans by type of hazards - LGUs Develops Bgy. Warning & Evacuation Manual- LGUs Develops support policies and regulations - LGUs Education & Trainings - LGUs Community Drills & Exercises LGUs
DISASTER RESPONSE (Emergency Management Structure) OPERATIONS Relief Warning Transportation Communication Evacuation & Rescue Educ. & Trng. Livelihood Price Monitoring & Control Security Engineering Stress Management Health & Sanitation Info. & Media Releases Livestock Evacuation
EARLY RECOVERY Cluster Approach with Albay Mabuhay Task Force (former Ayuda Albay)as coordinator/secretariat. Logistics OCD/APSEMO Shelter, Housing and Relocation PSWDO Water Health Sanitation and Nutrition (WASHN) PHO Evacuation and Transit Camp Management - PSWDO Education and Children DepEd Food Security Livelihood and Economic Opportunities PAS Protection DOH Geostrategic Integrations PPDO Tourism and Environment PTCAO
Model Relocation House floor Area : 4mx5m Cost of materials : P78,000 P80,000 Cost of Labor : 30% of the construction cost Wind load capacity: higher than the strength of a typhoon
Resource Mechanism: Albay Mabuhay Mobilization Resource Capability And Gaps LGUs NGAs Private Sectors Inter-Agency Complementation and Supports Validations Institutional Strengthening And Project Development NGOs Donors Int l Donors Community plan and actions Documentation & Reports
DRR GUIDING PRINCIPLES Pro-Active not Reactive Evacuation not Rescue Institutional orientation not personal Coordination and Team-Work not Individual Action Community-based disaster risk reduction programs and projects as basic input to the Regional Master Plan
Learning lessons Disaster Preparedness Warning equipment is vital in saving lives W/out communication support, warning fails Periodic updating of contingency plan by type of hazard Early warning & evacuation system = ZERO CASUALTY Disaster Response Pre-positioned organic resource capability = Quick Response Investment in Disaster Preparedness means Lower Response Cost
Learning lessons Disaster Response Demand-side measures 6 months loan repayment moratorium by SSS and GSIS P100T home improvement loan to PAG-IBIG members in Albay One month average reimbursement advanced by Phil-health to its accredited outlets P1bn cash reserve from BSP 5-year rediscounting window at 91-day plus for local banks refinancing loans of Albay resident Cash is most flexible relief support and has pump priming effect
Learning lessons Disaster & Development Disaster Response and Development Humanitarian resources are the same resources for development Rehabilitation should be pursued in the context of a development strategy Building back better, Building back elsewhere? Help must be linked to initiative. Protracted relief could breed mendicancy, stunt local initiative and suppress native creativity Enabling dignity is best philosophy
Learning lessons Disaster & Development Disaster proofing of development Disaster risk reduction must be a basic input to the Regional Master Plan CLUP or zoning policy is key DRR instrument; ECC/EIA is second line of defense; Engineering intervention should be last recourse. Disaster preparedness = development preparedness W/o disaster, DRR = economic expansion (Policy based on geohazard maps)
Disaster Risk Reduction DISASTER PROOFING DEVELOPMENT as an Intervention in Disaster Risk Reduction Development Planning & Strategies Disaster Risk Reduction Building- Back-Better Socio-Economic Supports Geo-Strategic Integration Approach Environmental Protection Disaster Proofing Economic Expansion and Productivity Zoning Policies Etc. Natural and Engineering Interventions
GUICADALE PLATFORM DRR w/o DISASTER ECONOMIC EXPANSION DRR MEASURES INVESTMENTS
Hazard Areas Padang & Sto. Domingo Areas Legazpi & Daraga Areas Guinobatan and Camalig
LIGAO RESETTLEMENT PROJECT CAMALIG RESETTLEMENT PROJECT STO. DOMINGO RESETTLEMENT PROJECT TAYSAN RESETTLEMENT PROJECT MAURARO RESETTLEMENT PROJECT ANISLAG PHASE 1&2 DARAGA INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT RESETTLEMENT PROJECT SITES DARAGA RESETTLEMENT PROJECT BANQUEROHAN RESETTLEMENT PROJECT