Technology Development in Support of Port Security Michael S. Bruno Stevens Institute of Technology July 19, 2012
The National Center for Secure and Resilient Maritime Commerce CSR A Department of Homeland Security National Center of Excellence for Port Security
More than 20 addt l industry collaborators CSR A Department of Homeland Security National Center of Excellence for Port Security
Overview COE Description Need: Congress mandated a Center of Excellence for Maritime Domain Awareness in the Safe Ports Act (2006) Scope: Based on HSPD 13: Maritime Security Policy; HSPD- 25: Arctic Region Policy o National Strategy for Maritime Security - Maritime Domain Awareness (MDA); Global Maritime Intelligence Integration; Coordination of Domestic and International Efforts and Outreach; Maritime Threat Response; Maritime Infrastructure Recovery; Maritime Transportation System Security; Maritime Commerce Security Research Activities Multi-modal MDA sensors for U.S. ports, islands, territories, and extreme environments, include satellite-based sensors, radar, and underwater acoustic sensors Algorithms for the integration of satellite, radar, and underwater acoustic data to support the detection and tracking of surface and underwater threats, including vessels, divers, and ice Decision support systems, including visualization techniques and assessment of hostile intent Tools for transparency of the global supply chain and resiliency of the nation s marine transportation system to prevent and protect, and minimize damage and expedite recovery from attacks or catastrophic events Customers Science and Technology Directorate U.S. Coast Guard Federal Emergency Management Agency Customs and Border Protection Air & Marine State and Local Security Agencies Local Emergency Responders Nation s Ports and Inland Waterways US Navy National Geospatial Intelligence Agency National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Presenter s Name June 17, 2003 4
Bottom Line Upfront Understand the threat Know the environment Build trust with stakeholders & partners Experiment, experiment CSR A Department of Homeland Security National Center of Excellence for Port Security
Maritime Domain Awareness Approach Dual Use Technologies Demonstrate Vessel Detection Global > Approaches > Port University of Miami Global Satellite Coverage, Visible & Microwave Rutgers University Over-the-Horizon Compact High Frequency Radar Networks Stevens Institute of Technology Shallow Underwater Acoustics
The Challenge U.S. 2010: 95,000 miles of coastline; 361 ports $958 billion intl commerce on the MTS 8 million cruise ship and ferry passengers 13 million registered recreational boaters
Inner New York Harbor (lower right: Verrazano Narrows Bridge visible) Details on ships wakes (speed, heading and course) vessel type (cargo, container, tanker, etc.) ELECTRO-OPTICAL SENSORS FORMOSAT-2-2 M PANCHROMATIC The Center for Secure and Resilient Maritime Commerce (CSR)
TerraSAR-X SpotLight Image on 21 JUN 2010 @ 11:11 UTC The Center for Secure and Resilient Maritime Commerce (CSR)
Mid-Atlantic HF Radar Network 14 Long-Range HF Radars 7 Medium-Range HF Radars 15 Short-Range HF Radars 36 Total 10 The Center for Secure and Resilient Maritime Commerce (CSR)
Mid-Atlantic Bight HF Radar Network 1000 km Alongshore Length Scale Mid-Atlantic HF Radar Network 14 Long-Range HF Radars 7 Medium-Range HF Radars 15 Short-Range HF Radars 36 Total 11 The Center for Secure and Resilient Maritime Commerce (CSR)
Monostatic and Bistatic Detections on the Amalthea Sea Bright radar and AIS Rx Belmar radar Track of Amalthea from 11:00 to 1:00 AIS data ends 20 km from receiver at Sea Bright Amalthea Ship Type: Tanker Length: 247 m LEAP The Center for Secure and Resilient Maritime Commerce (CSR)
(Portable) Stevens Passive Acoustic System
DEMON Signatures 0.032 0.028 0.024 0.02 0.016 0.012 0.008 0.004 0 Ferry_B (#3) 0 50 100 150 0.02 0.016 0.012 0.008 0.004 0 Speed Boat(#18) 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 0.016 0.012 0.008 0.004 0 Sail Boat (#7) 0 25 50 75 100 125 150
Small Vessel Security Strategy, 2008; Meetings with USCG, NYPD, USN, others USCG SAROPS Macondo Spill USN swimmer defense Planned: Mona Island, PR Arctic (Barrow) Port of Singapore Spiral Development for Small Vessel Detection Technology Capabilities, Multi-Sensors Real-Time Applications NY Harbor July, 2010 & 2011 Netherlands, Oct, 2010 PortMiami, April, 2011 San Diego, Spring, 2012 Detect & track entire range of vessels, incl non-ais November, 2009 How Small is Too Small? HF Radar algorithms, acoustic classification, vessels at rest CSR A Department of Homeland Security National Center of Excellence for Port Security
Success Stories Technology Making a Difference
RADARSAT-2 15 JUN 2010 11:51 GMT 0.62 m/s maximum speed The Center for Secure and Resilient Maritime Commerce (CSR)
Optimizing HF Radar for SAR using USCG Surface Drifters
U.S. Coast Guard: Search And Rescue Optimal Planning System National HF Radar Network 151 Sites Mid-Atlantic Operational Data Flow to SAROPS SAROPS 96-Hour Search Area: SAROPS 96-Hour Search Area: HF Radar 12,000 km 2 CSR A Department of Homeland Security National Center of Excellence for Port Security
(Portable) Stevens Passive Acoustic System
DIVER IN STEVENS TOW TANK
Diver signal Results of the Newport test Open-circuit SCUBA at ~600m
Tracking a UUV (Remus 600) Sonar Acoustic modem Noise of UUV movement
KNOW YOUR ENVIRONMENT!
NYHOPS: New York Harbor Observing and Prediction System Integrated system of observing sensors and forecast models TO OBSERVE TO PREDICT TO COMMUNICATE Weather Currents Water Level Salinity Temperature Waves Water Quality + 1967 2011 One high-resolution 3D model grid: 150,680 water cells. From 7.5km to <50m variable resolution. 7 coastal states.
Out to 48 hours http://www.stevens.edu/maritimeforecast
Asset Adaptive Control Ocean forecast model Data assimilation, model improvement Event Estimation Threat assessment (environment, intel) Adaptive Predictive Controller Persistent Surveillance Tasking and path planning Sensor Assignment to Datalogger Dataloggers Sensors Dynamic Assignment Adaptive sampling of Static Sensors Adaptive sampling and real-time UUV path planning
An argument for Persistent Surveillance: Black Swans
NOAA Satellite Image, Aug. 28, 2005, 1145 EDT
US Airways flight 1549 Photo: Brendan Mcdermid/Reuters Photo: Brendan Mcdermid/Reuters
flightpath.wmv
Stevens forecast January 15, 2009, 1600 hours
January 15, 2009, 4:29pm Thank you Professor, I have forwarded your email and followed up with our Watch Command Supervisor via telephone regarding this information. As always, we are very appreciative of your continued assistance and support. Michael Lee Director of Watch Command NYC Office of Emergency Management
Key Issues: CONOPS for port security technologies (detect, classify, track, respond). LATENCY OF RESPONSE Integrated approach. Risk =Hazard/Safeguards Prevention + Design-for-Resiliency 250m stand-off distance (Fleet Week, NYC) CSR A Department of Homeland Security National Center of Excellence for Port Security
FUTURE DIRECTIONS
Ongoing Passive Acoustic System Evolution Stevens will soon announce a commercialization partnership toward an integrated underwater sense-and-warn system
HF Radar Testbed at High Latitudes Objective: Test the capability of the SeaSonde HF Radar as a detection and surveillance sensor at high latitudes. Sponsor: Participants: Northwest passage routes Remote Power Module AIS traffic near Barrow The Center for Secure and Resilient Maritime Commerce (CSR)
CSR Education Goals & Objectives The Summer Research Institute (SRI) Transfer research into relevant education programs. Provide programs that enhance technical skills & leadership capabilities. Increase opportunities for women & minority students. Build the pool of future Maritime Security practitioners. 2011 Highlights 90% of SRI students 21 participants reported that the 8 universities (3 MSI & HBCUs) program had Diverse disciplines & degrees enhanced their interest in pursuing advanced Curriculum: study and/or careers in Faculty lectures maritime/homeland Guest speakers security. Field visits Field experiments, lab work, crisis simulation The Center for Secure and Resilient Maritime Commerce (CSR)
THANK YOU!