TRAINING SYLLABUS. For FIRST PERSON ON SCENE (ENHANCED)

TRAINING SYLLABUS For FIRST PERSON ON SCENE (ENHANCED)

FIRST PERSON ON SCENE QUALIFICAITON OUTLINE Title FIRST PERSON (Basic) FIRST PERSON (Intermediate) FIRST PERSON (Enhanced) Ambulance Response Entry requirements < 20 MINUTES 20-40 MINUTES 20-40 MINUTES DIRECT ENTRY DIRECT ENTRY via FPOS INTERMEDIATE THE PRE- HOSPITAL ENVIRONMENT A1.1 The role of FPOS A1.2 Scene safety A1.3 Minimising risk of infection A1.4 Post-incident procedures As for FPOS Basic plus : B 1.1 Scene management - Safety - Triage C 1.1 Introduction to the body - Respiratory - Cardiac - Nervous - Digestive PATIENT ASSESSMENT A2.1 Communicating with patients A2.2 Examination and assessment B2.1 Communicating with patients B2.2 Primary survey and assessment B2.3 Safe moving and handling * C2.1 Patient Assessment - take a blood pressure measurement - pulse oximetry - take a temperature - take a blood glucose measurement C2.2 Patient positioning C2.3 Cardiac monitoring RESPIRATION AND AIRWAY MANAGEMENT A3.1 Recognition of respiratory problems A3.2 Common breathing difficulties A3.3 Basic airway management - Causes of blocked airway - Opening & maintaining a clear airway - Choking As for FPOS Basic plus : B3.1 Use of suction * B3.2 Removal of crash helmets * # B3.3 Use of oro-pharyngeal airways * B3.4 Oxygen supplementation * B3.5 Ventilation support * B3.6 Bag/valve/mask # C3.1 Removal of crash helmets C3.2 Bag/valve/mask C3.3 Use of laryngeal masks C3.4 Use of naso-pharyngeal airways BASIC LIFE SUPPORT A4.1 Perform basic life support A4.2 Recovery position As for FPOS Basic plus : B4.1 Perform child & infant basic life support * # C4.1 Perform child & infant basic life support DEFIBRILLATION A5.1 Automated external defibrillation As for FPOS Basic plus : B512 Normal / abnormal heart rhythms CIRCULATION & SHOCK A6.1 Recognition and initial care of haemorrhage - bleeding - shock (to include faints) As for FPOS Basic : First Person on Scene (enhanced) 2

Title FIRST PERSON (Basic) FIRST PERSON (Intermediate) FIRST PERSON (Enhanced) Ambulance Response Entry requirements < 20 MINUTES 20-40 MINUTES 20-40 MINUTES DIRECT ENTRY DIRECT ENTRY via FPOS INTERMEDIATE Recognition and initial care of : As for FPOS Basic plus : C7.1 Provide initial maternity care A 7.1 Heart attack/angina B7.7 Assisting the Paramedic * C7.2 Extremes of temperature MEDICAL RELATED EMERGENCIES A7.2 Diabetes A7.3 Stroke A7.4 Epilepsy C7.2 Poisoning A7.5 Unconscious patient A7.6 Asthma / anaphylaxis TRAUMA RELATED EMERGENCIES A8.1 Recognition and initial care of injuries to bones, joints, tendons and ligaments * # A8.2 Recognition and initial care of burns and scalds * # A8.3 Recognition and initial care of other trauma related injuries * # As for FPOS Basic C8.1 Recognition and initial care of injuries to bones, joints, tendons and ligaments C8.2 Recognition and initial care of burns and scalds C8.3 Recognition and initial care of other trauma related injuries A8.4 Skeletal stabilisation * # C8.4 Skeletal stabilisation INFANTS &YOUNG PEOPLE C9.1 Initial management of the sick child C9.2 Recognition and response to suspected child abuse DRUG THERAPY C10.1 Provide emergency drug therapy - Adrenaline (1:1,000 for anaphylaxis) - Aspirin - Entonox - Glucagon/40% dextrose gel - GTN - Salbutamol Note: * indicates FPOS Basic additional optional units; # indicates FPOS Intermediate additional optional units; indicates FPOS Enhanced additional units First Person on Scene (enhanced) 3

Unit Title: Unit Code: INTRODUCTION TO THE BODY C1 Description of Unit This unit provides learners with the underpinning knowledge of the main systems of the body in order to better support their practice. Summary of Learning Outcomes C1.1 Outline the physiology of the respiratory system C1.2 Describe the circumstances for the use of airway adjuncts C1.3 Outline the physiology of the cardiac system C1.4 Outline the physiology of the nervous system C1.5 Outline the physiology of the digestive system Outcomes and Assessment Criteria Outcomes C1.1 Know the physiology of the respiratory system C1.2 Describe the circumstances for the use of airway adjuncts C1.3 Outline the physiology of the cardiac system C1.4 Outline the physiology of the nervous system C1.5 Outline the physiology of the digestive system Assessment Criteria To achieve each outcome the participants must demonstrate the ability to: C1.1.1 outline state the basic structure of the respiratory system C1.1.2 outline state the principle processes taking place in the respiratory system C1.2.1 outline the purpose of nasopharyngeal airways C1.2.2 outline the purpose of a laryngeal mask adjunct. C1.2.3 state indications and contra indications for naso-pharyngeal airways. C1.2.4 state the indication and contra indications for inserting laryngeal mask adjunct. C1.3.1 state the basic structure of the cardiac system C1.3.2 state the principle processes taking place in the cardiac system C1.4.1 state the basic structure of the nervous system C1.4.2 state the principle processes taking place in the nervous system C1.5.1 state the basic structure of the cardiac system C1.5.2 state the principle processes taking place in the cardiac system First Person on Scene (Enhanced) 4

CONTENT Circumstances for the use of airway adjuncts The importance of NP airways and their use with unconscious patients The need to clear the airway before using airway adjuncts The correct sizing and insertion technique for NP and LMA airways and the hazards of using an incorrect size The need to remove blood and secretions from the airway The importance of infection control and maintenance to ensure serviceability Guidance Generating Evidence Evidence of outcomes will be in the form of written tests and assessed practical skills. Links This unit supports performance across the direct care Units in this qualification. Resources Written and practical resources must be available to support the delivery and assessment of this unit. Delivery Theoretical, demonstration and practice. Reference Material First Person on Scene Student manual. IHCD Basic Training Manual (Section 7, 8, 9 10) First Person on Scene (Enhanced) 5

Unit Title: Unit Code: PATIENT ASSESSMENT (Enhanced) C2 Description of Unit This unit provides learners with an enhanced understanding of patient assessment and the use of additional skills and equipment to better understand the patient s condition. Summary or Learning Outcomes C2.1 undertake patient assessment - take a blood pressure measurement - pulse oximetry - take a temperature - take a blood glucose measurement C2.2 position a patient positioning relative to their condition C2.3 perform cardiac monitoring Outcomes C2.1 undertake patient assessment C2.2 position a patient relative to their condition C2.3 perform cardiac monitoring Assessment Criteria To achieve each outcome, participants must demonstrate ability in : C2.1.1 describe the considerations when establishing a patients: - blood pressure - oxygen saturation using a pulse oximeter - temperature - blood glucose C2.1.2 demonstrate the safe and accurate measurement of a patient s : - blood pressure using a sphygmometer - oxygen saturation using a pulse oximeter - temperature - blood glucose C2.1.3 describe the pathophysiology of cardiac arrest in children C2.1.4 outline conditions considered life threatening requiring immediate action when conducting a patient assessment C2.2.1 state the recommended patient position relating to illness and/or injury C2.2.2 state the principles to be applied when positioning a patient C2.2.3 demonstrate the safe and effective positioning of a patients C2.3.1 outline the positioning of cardiac monitoring leads C2.3.2 establish a cardiac rhythm using an external defibrillator C2.3.3 identify the main cardiac rhythms and their implication for managing the patient First Person on Scene (Enhanced) 6

Content Patient Assessment Stages the patient examination process, including the terms 'history', 'signs and symptoms' and the correct sequence of assessment to detect potentially dangerous disorders early. Reasons for priorities of patient management. Range of techniques of examination on a variety of patients including those with dark skin What scale of examination is necessary in a variety of situations and the significance of diagnosis and the factors involved Specific system observations and examinations (respiratory, circulatory, nervous) and the relevance of the findings Medical terms relating to patient examination and assessment The frequently concealed effects of trauma Mechanism of injury and its influence on examination and diagnosis and the relationship between trauma score and morbidity Importance and value of clear, concise and logical reporting when handing over the patient to medical personnel Patient Positioning The principles of patient positioning relevant to condition. Importance of gaining the patient's cooperation when being positioned by adequate explanation Effects of each of the eight positions recommended for specific circumstances Circumstances or changes which may necessitate a change in the patient's position Importance of continuous patient observation. Cardiac monitoring Considerations for cardiac monitoring for a variety of patient groups and environmental conditions. Guidance Generating Evidence Evidence of outcomes will be in the form of written tests and assessed practical skills. Links This unit informs the subsequent actions to be taken as outlined in the other Units in this qualification. Resources Written and practical resources must be available to support the delivery and assessment of this unit. Delivery Theoretical, demonstration and practice. Reference Material First Person on Scene Student manual. IHCD Basic Training Manual (Sections 4, 5) First Person on Scene (Enhanced) 7

Unit Title: Unit Code: RESPIRATION AND AIRWAY MANAGEMENT (Enhanced) C3 Description of Unit This unit provides learners with the knowledge, skills and equipment to recognize and respond to patients with acute respiratory challenges. Due to the structure of the skills being taught, this Unit will be assessed in a simulated situation. Summary of Learning Outcomes C3.1 Removal of crash helmets C3.2 perform bag/valve/mask ventilation C3.3 insert a laryngeal mask C3.4 insert a nasopharyngeal airway Outcomes Assessment Criteria To achieve each outcome, participants must demonstrate ability in : C3.1.1 state the circumstances when a crash helmet should be removed C3.1 Removal of crash helmets C3.1.2 explain the importance of maintaining in-line immobilisation at all times during the procedure C3.1.3 outline the potential risks to the patient in removing a crash helmet C3.1.4 demonstrate the effective removal of a crash helmet C3.2.1 correctly assemble a bag/valve/mask device C3.2 perform bag/valve/mask ventilation C3.2.2 state how to check that adequate ventilation occurs when using a bag/valve/mask C3.2.3 outline the differences between one and two person ventilation technique C2.3.4 demonstrate the effective use of a bag/valve/mask device C2.3.5 describe the process for cleaning a bag/valve/mask C3.3 insert alaryngeal masks C3.3.1 state the circumstances where a laryngeal mask would be inserted C3.3.2 state the precautions to be taken when sizing and inserting a naso-pharyngeal airway C1.2.5 demonstrate the effective insertion of a laryngeal mask C1.2.6 outline the considerations when managing a patient with a laryngeal mask C3.4.1 state the circumstances where a naso-pharyngeal airway would be inserted C3.4 insert a naso-pharyngeal airway C3.4.2 state the precautions to be taken when sizing and inserting a naso-pharyngeal airway C3.3.2 demonstrate the insertion of a naso pharyngeal airway. C3.4.4 outline the considerations when managing a patient with a naso-pharyngeal airway First Person on Scene (Enhanced) 8

Content Removal of crash helmets Removal to be demonstrated on full-face and open crash helmets in a simulated situation. Bag/valve/mask ventilation The use of a bag/valve/mask is to be demonstrated in a simulated situation, both one and two persons, to include a prolonged resuscitation. Laryngeal masks Evidence for placement of a laryngeal mask is to generated in a simulated situation. A range of mask sizes should be available for the learner to choose from. Naso-pharyngeal airway Evidence for placement of a naso-pharyngeal airway in a simulated situation. A range of airway sizes should be available for the learner to choose from. Guidance Generating Evidence Evidence of outcomes will be in the form of written tests and assessed practical skills. The removing of crash helmets should be in a simulated exercise. Learners should undertake both roles for removing full-face and open crash helmets. Links This unit informs the subsequent actions to be taken as outlined in the other Units in this qualification. Resources Written and practical resources must be available to support the delivery and assessment of this unit. Delivery Theoretical, demonstration and practice. Reference Material First Person on Scene Student manual. IHCD Basic Training Manual (Sections 4, 5) First Person on Scene (Enhanced) 9

Unit Title: Unit Code: BASIC LIFE SUPPORT (Enhanced) C4 Description of Unit This unit provides learners with the skills and knowledge to perform adequate basic life support on infants and children, using a suitable automated external defibrillator. Due to the nature of the skills being taught, this Unit will be assessed in a simulated situation. Summary of Learning Outcomes C4.1 Understand the anatomical and physiological differences between adults and children C4.2 Understand the principles that underpin basic life support C4.3 Perform effective child and infant basic life support C4.4 Understand post-resuscitation procedures Outcomes C4.1 Understand the anatomical and physiological differences between adults and children C4.2 Understand the principles that underpin basic life support C4.3 Perform effective child and infant basic life support C4.4 Understand postresuscitation procedures Assessment Criteria To achieve each outcome, participants must demonstrate ability in : C4.1.1 state the anatomical and physiological differences in children C4.1.2 describe the pathophysiology of cardiac arrest in children C4.1.3 perform effective basic life support on an infant (simulation) C4.1.4 early and rapid transfer to Hospital improves outcome C4.2.1 explain the influence of early intervention on outcome following cardiac arrest C4.2.2 outline the importance of ventilation and oxygenation C4.2.3 explain the considerations to maximize outcome when providing basic life support C4.3.1 describe the differences in providing basic life support to infants and children C4.3.2 demonstrate effective child and infant cardio-pulmonary resuscitation C4.3.3 demonstrate the use of an automated external defibrillator with infants and children C4.4.1 describe post resuscitation management C4.4.2 state the circumstances when resuscitation can be stopped First Person on Scene (Enhanced) 10

Content Difference between adults and children to include Differences in performing cpr First Person on Scene (Enhanced) 11

Unit Title: Unit Code: MEDICAL RELATED EMERGENCIES (Enhanced) C7 Unit summary The Unit provides learners with the understanding of the consequences of the extremes of temperature on the body and the corresponding initial management. Summary of Learning Outcomes C7.1 provide initial maternity care C7.2 provide initial care for patients suffering extremes of temperature C7.3 provide immediate care to patients suffering poisoning Outcomes and Assessment Criteria Outcomes C7.1 provide initial maternity care C7.2 provide initial care for patients suffering extremes of temperature C7.3 provide immediate care to patients suffering poisoning Assessment Criteria To achieve each outcome, participants must demonstrate ability in : C7.1.1 outline the three stages of labour C7.1.2 outline the management of the normal delivery of a baby C7.1.3 outline the management of commonly occurring complications of delivering a baby C7.1.4 outline the initial management of the mother and baby following delivery C7.2.1 state the signs and symptoms associated with extremes of temperature C7.2.2 outline complications commonly associated with extremes of body temperature C7.2.3 outline the techniques for managing patients suffering from immersion hypothermia C7.2.4 demonstrate the effective management of a patient suffering from extremes of temperature C7.3.1 explain the main differences between and effects of caustic and non-caustic poisoning C7.3.2 state the precautions to be taken when managing a patient suffering from caustic poisoning C7.3.3 describe the considerations for the immediate care of patients with caustic and non-caustic poisoning First Person on Scene (Enhanced) 12

Content Maternity The management techniques for normal and abnormal cases. Complications and management of relevant dangers of pregnancy and labour. What happens during each stage of labour The actions necessary when assisting a normal birth The management of : - haemorrhage during pregnancy - the umbilical cord emergencies - haemorrhage after birth The management principles for a breech delivery The importance of ensuring and maintaining a clear airway in a newborn The need to keep a neonate warm Extremes of temperature Heat stroke Hypothermia Poisoning Define the term poison. Name and list the effects of the five main types of poison. The four ways in which a poison may enter the body The need to avoid self contamination when treating a poisoned patient The absolute priority of ventilating patients who have stopped breathing The increase of toxicity of paraquat if the patient is given supplemental oxygen The importance of retaining vomit for analysis The variation of absorption rates of different substances The importance of establishing what substance, how much and when it was taken The common methods used in deliberate self poisoning The psychological state of patients who have deliberately poisoned themselves The tact, diplomacy and understanding required when dealing with self poisoning patients The danger of inducing vomiting The function of a national poisons information unit and how to obtain information from one if required The importance of comprehensive reporting on arrival at the treatment centre to optimize ongoing treatment. Guidance Generating Evidence Evidence of outcomes will be in the form of written tests and assessed practical skills. Links This unit complements the other units on the course for those whose role would include the initial care and management of those involved in trauma. Resources Written and practical resources must be available to support the delivery and assessment of this unit. The equipment used should reflect that used by the employing organization. Delivery Theoretical, demonstration and practice. Reference Material First Person on Scene (Enhanced) 13

First Person on Scene Student Handbook. First Person on Scene (Enhanced) 14

Unit Title: Unit Code: TRAUMA RELATED INJURIES (Enhanced) C8 Summary of Learning Outcomes C8.1 Recognition and initial care of injuries to bones, muscles and joints C8.2 Recognition and initial care of burns and scalds C8.3 Recognition and initial care of other trauma related injuries C8.4 Skeletal stabilisation Outcomes and Assessment Criteria Outcomes C8.1 Recognition and initial care of injuries to bones, muscles and joints C8.2 Recognition and initial care of burns and scalds C8.3 Recognition and initial care of other trauma related injuries Assessment Criteria To achieve each outcome, participants must demonstrate ability in : C8.1.1 describe the approach in the treatment of soft tissue injuries C8.1.2 explain the considerations for patients when managing injuries C8.1.3 C8.1.4 C8.1.5 C8.1.6 C8.1.7 C8.1.8 state the common types of fractures the need to minimise patient movement during treatment to reduce bleeding and pain outline the reporting of the circumstances and mechanism of the injury outline the considerations when managing patients with injuries to bones, muscles and joints explain the benefits of simple effective splintage outline how to identify circulatory and nervous compromise in the affected limb C8.2.1 state the main safety considerations when dealing with burns C8.2.2 state the types of burns in terms of depth of tissue damage C8.2.3 state the classification of burns by agent C8.2.4 outline the considerations/potential complications associated with burns C8.2.5 outline the differences in relative body area between adults and children C8.2.6 describe the acceptable methods of cooling burns C8.3.1 state the relationship between mechanism of injury to its severity C8.3.2 state the priorities when managing a trauma patient C8.3.2 demonstrate patient positioning relevant to injury First Person on Scene (Enhanced) 15

Outcomes C8.4 Skeletal stabilisation Assessment Criteria To achieve each outcome, participants must demonstrate ability in : C8.4.1 outline the optimum positions for managing a patient in need of skeletal stablisation C8.4.2 state the considerations when managing a patient with suspected spinal injuries C8.4.3 outline the importance of early stabilisation of the head and neck in any case of confirmed or suspected spinal injury C8.4.4 demonstrate the effective immobilization of an injured patient C8.4.5 demonstrate a log roll on a trauma patient CONTENT Recognition and initial care of injuries to bones, muscles and joints The signs and symptoms that may indicate skeletal and soft tissue injury Relationship between the mechanism of injury to its severity Demonstrate effective immobilisation techniques Demonstrate jaw thrust technique for the unconscious trauma patient Define the terms 'fracture', 'dislocation', 'sprain', and 'strain'. List the history, signs and symptoms commonly associated with each. The potential effects of poor assessment and handling of such injuries The need for reassurance and patient co-operation when dealing with these injuries The common types of fracture and damage to organs which may result The common causes of injuries to bones, joints and tendons the general rules of treatment of each When and how to correct deformities Recognition and initial care of burns and scalds State the classifications of burns and characteristics of each Demonstrate, in simulated situations, the management of burns and scalds in accordance with national guidelines in force at the time Recognition and initial care of other trauma related injuries The priorities in managing trauma related injuries - ABC The need to adopt a systematic approach in the assessment and management of trauma How to determine mechanism of injury from evidence at the scene and information from the patient and witnesses The importance of an early primary survey in identifying potentially serious problems with the airway, breathing, circulatory and nervous systems The physiological indicators of shock severity How the secondary survey must be appropriate to the circumstances to avoid delays in transferring the patient to a centre for definitive care The medical assistance which may be available to attend at the scene and the criteria and procedure for requesting medical support First Person on Scene (Enhanced) 16

The vital importance of effective handover of the patient at to ambulance staff with a full report and supporting documentation Skeletal stabilisation Immobilisation equipment to include : The vital need for early immobilisation of the head and neck in any case of confirmed or suspected spinal injury The need to minimize patient movement during treatment to reduce shock and pain The need for careful observation for signs of impairment to the circulation, nerves and other underlying structures The benefits of a flexible approach to immobilisation and that the provision of comfortable support may be sufficient in certain cases Methods of immobilisation using the full range of equipment issued in their service, the function and operation of a traction splint The value of allowing the patient to assist in their treatment, where appropriate Injuries to pelvis and spine List several possible causes of injury to the pelvis, neck and spine. Demonstrate the 'log roll' method of manipulating a patient for examination and treatment. The potentially serious hazards of inadequate assessment and handling of such injuries The organs likely to be damaged by trauma of the pelvis and spine The history, signs and symptoms commonly associated with such injuries The simple test which can be carried out to assess the current degree of nervous system impairment The possibility that spinal injury may be masked by other injuries The need for early cervical immobilisation in any case of suspected spinal injury The general rules of treatment for these injuries The need to avoid rotary or angulating strain to the spine The vital need for careful handling and support to prevent further damage in suspected pelvic injuries, the need to warn the patient not to attempt to pass urine The catastrophic internal bleeding possibly associated with pelvic injury. The general rules of immobilisation and support The need for constant post-immobilisation checks The value of analgesia and patient co-operation prior to immobilisation The checks and maintenance procedures for all immobilisation devices issued in his/her service The function of and the indications for each device The possible complications of splinting and how to avoid these The need to maintain immobility until a medical examination is performed. First Person on Scene (Enhanced) 17

Guidance Generating Evidence Evidence of outcomes will be in the form of written tests and assessed practical skills. Links This unit complements the other units on the course for those whose role would include the initial care and management of those involved in trauma. Resources Written and practical resources must be available to support the delivery and assessment of this unit. The equipment used should reflect that used by the employing organization. Delivery Theoretical, demonstration and practice. Reference Material First Person on Scene Student Handbook. First Person on Scene (Enhanced) 18

Unit Title: Unit Code: INFANTS AND YOUNG PEOPLE (Enhanced) C9 Description of Unit This unit provides learners with the underpinning knowledge to recognizes and respond to the seriously ill child. The Unit also covers the signs associated with suspected child abuse and the responsibilities carers have in recording and reporting any suspicions. Summary of Learning Outcomes C9.1 Initial management of the sick child C9.2 Recognition and response to suspected child abuse Outcomes C9.1 Initial management of the sick child C9.2 Recognition and response to suspected child abuse Assessment Criteria To achieve each outcome, participants must demonstrate ability in : C9.1.1 outline the anatomical and physiological differences between adults and children C9.1.2 describe the techniques for the initial management of the sick child C9.1.3 state the symptoms of pre-arrest in children C9.2.1 state the role of the Responder in instances of suspected child abuse C9.2.2 describe the signs associated with different types of child abuse C9.2.3 state the classification of burns by agent C9.2.4 outline the considerations/potential complications associated with burns C9.2.5 outline the differences in relative body area between adults and children C9.2.6 describe the acceptable methods of cooling burns First Person on Scene (Enhanced) 19

Content Initial management of the sick child Ways of reducing a Childs fear of the crew and of going to a hospital The importance of being honest with a child The importance of taking parents to the hospital wherever possible, or finding out how they can be contacted Why size is an important factor in assessing a childs condition The importance of caring and tactful management of parents The fact that there may be other children in the home to be taken care of The effects of stress sometimes apparent in ambulance staff following an incident involving a sick or dead child and what actions to take in these circumstances. Suspected child abuse The role of the First Responder in cases of suspected or confirmed child abuse or non-accidental injury Types of abuse to which children may be subjected The signs which may indicate the possibility of non-accidental injury (N.A.I.) The need for great tact and care when N.A.I. or abuse is suspected The correct attitude to adopt if abuse is suspected The importance of obtaining as much information as possible about the history and nature of injuries Observing a child s reaction and responses when approached by adults, particularly its parents The fact that a child may be conditioned into giving the same account of an incident as its parents Not allowing personal feelings to interfere with the correct procedures The importance of reporting any suspicions of abuse to appropriate agencies Guidance Generating Evidence Evidence of outcomes will be in the form of written tests and assessed practical skills. Links This Unit links to the initial patient assessment unit. Resources Written and practical resources must be available to support the delivery and assessment of this unit. The equipment used should reflect that used by the employing organization. Delivery Theoretical, demonstration and practice. Reference Material First Person on Scene (Enhanced) 20

Unit Title: Unit Code: PROVIDE EMERGENCY DRUG THERAPY C9 Description of Unit This Unit provides learner with the knowledge and skills to prepare and administer a limited range of drugs in life-threatening situations. It covers the checks to be made to ensure the correct selection, and preparation and the safe administration and associated documentation. In respect of the safe administration of drugs, the Unit also covers the management of sharps and reporting procedures for instances of injuries from sharps. Summary of Learning Outcomes C9.1 Outline the circumstances when drugs can be administered by the lay person C9.2 Outline the process for establishing the correct amount and strength of the drugs that can be administered by the lay person C9.3 State the indications and contra-indications for the administration of the range of drugs available to the lay person C9.4 Prepare the patient and drugs for administration C9.5 Demonstrate the safe and effective administration of drugs that can be administered by the lay person C9.6 Maintain accurate records of the drugs administered and any changes to the patient s condition. First Person on Scene (Enhanced) 21

Outcomes and Assessment Criteria Outcomes C9.1 Understand the circumstances when drugs can be administered by the lay person C9.2 Understand the process for establishing the correct amount and strength of the drugs that can be administered by the lay person C9.3 Understand the indications and contraindications for the administration of the range of drugs available to the lay person C9.4 Prepare the patient and drugs for administration C9.5 Demonstrate the safe and effective administration of drugs that can be administered by the lay person C9.6 Maintain accurate records of the drugs administered and any changes to the patient s condition. Assessment Criteria To achieve each outcome, participants must demonstrate ability in : C9.1.1 State the drugs available to the lay person in an emergency C9.1.2 Describe the circumstances under which drugs can be administered by the lay person C9.2.1 State the procedures for checking the correct drug has been selected C9.2.2 State the checks for ensuring the integrity and dosage of the selected drug C9.2.3 State the procedures for recording drugs administered to patients C9.3.1 State the indications for the drugs available to the lay person in an emergency C9.3.2 State the contra-indications for the drugs available to the lay person in an emergency C9.3.3 State the expected effects of the drugs that can be used by the lay person on the patient C9.4.1 Outline the procedure for preparing of the site for drug administration on a patient C9.4.2 Demonstrate the safe preparation of drugs for administration C9.5.1 Demonstrate the effective administration of drugs C9.5.2 Explain the process for the safe disposal of sharps C9.5.3 Explain the procedures for reporting sharp injuries C9.6.1 Outline the recording process used in the preparation and administration of drugs C9.6.2 Complete accurate records for the preparation and administration of drugs First Person on Scene (Enhanced) 22

Content Drugs types and presentation Legal responsibilities with reference to the Prescription Only Medicines Act for : - Adrenaline (1:1,000 for anaphylaxis) - Aspirin - Entonox - Glucagon/40% dextrose gel - GTN Effects of drugs The physiological response to pain The definition of analgesia The indications and contra indications for Entonox and the rules for its administration The continuing necessity for careful handling where Entonox is administered How to instruct a patient in self administration and monitor its effect The advantages and disadvantages of Entonox compared to other forms of analgesia The benefits of the high percentage of oxygen in Entonox The need to report the use of Entonox on arrival at the treatment centre The rules for storage of gas cylinders The function of the component parts of the Entonox delivery set The dangers of Entonox in a fire risk situation The effects of low temperatures on Entonox and the necessary actions The possible result of using oils or grease Route of administration Intra Muscular Nebuliser Safety considerations Sharps procedures Safety checks for drug presentations and procedures Documentation procedures Drugs aetology ADRENALINE (1:1,000 for anaphylaxis) ASPIRIN Explain the aetology of Aspirin and the current treatment protocols for a patient suffering from Acute Coronary Syndrome. ENTONOX GLUCAGON Describe the two main types of diabetes and their characteristics. In simulated situations, with the correct equipment demonstrate techniques for assessing and the correct management of diabetic emergencies, including diabetic coma in accordance with current JRCALC Guidelines. Discuss common types of drugs to maintain homeostasis. Describe the indications for the use of glucagon. Prepare an injection ready to deliver the prescribed dose of glucagon. Explain the procedure for the administration of glucagon. Describe the normal range of blood glucose levels, and the significance of variations to these First Person on Scene (Enhanced) 23

The characteristics of the two main types of diabetes The function of the pancreas and insulin The differences between insulin and non insulin dependant diabetes The various methods to control diabetes The complications most commonly associated with diabetes The importance of a carefully controlled diet The definition of hypo and hyperglycemia History, clinical signs and symptoms commonly associated with hypo and hyperglycemia The common causes of a hypoglycemic episode The severe dehydration which may occur in hyperglycemia The normally rapid improvement in hypoglycemia following treatment The common types of insulin regimes required How to manage unconsciousness in a patient with uncontrolled diabetes How to manage diabetic hypoglycemic coma The authorized dosage of glucagon and glucagel for the range of patients The drug routes used for the administration of glucagon and glucugel The Aetology of Glucagon and the current treatment protocols for a patient suffering from Hypoglycemia. Explain the Aetology of Glucagel and the current treatment protocols for a patient suffering from Hypoglycemia.. GTN List and describe the common types of cardiac illness. Describe the history, signs and symptoms usually associated with cardiac related illnesses. Describe or, in simulated situations, demonstrate the principles of management of acute cardiac illnesses including appropriate drug therapy. Demonstrate, in simulated situations, the optimum management of cardiac arrest. Factors and illnesses which predispose to cardiac related illnesses Importance of reassurance and patient confidence in the management of acute cardiac illnesses The aims of early treatment in cardiac emergencies The need to rest and oxygenate the myocardium in a pain free state Explain the aetology of Glycerin Tri Nitrate and the current treatment protocols for a patient suffering from Acute Coronary Syndrome. First Person on Scene (Enhanced) 24