Anaconda Plan Battle of Bull Run Battle of Antietam Famous Women of the War Women Support the War Soldiers Emancipation Abraham Proclamation Lincoln Battle of Gettysburg Gettysburg Address
Rose Greenhow - spy for the South who informed it of the planned Union attack on Richmond. Dorothea Dix - appointed director of the Union army's nursing service. Clara Barton - tended to fallen troops on the battlefield. During the, women ran farms and businesses, worked in factories, and served in the military as nurses (like Clara Barton), messengers, guides, scouts, smugglers, soldiers, and spies (like Rose Greenhow). The North's three-step strategy for winning the war. 1. Surround the South by land and sea to cut off its trade. 2. Divide the Confederacy by taking control of the Mississippi River. 3. Capture Richmond, Virginia (the Confederate capital). First major battle of the. The Union intended to end the war quickly by capturing the Confederate capital of Richmond. Rose Greenhow informed the South of the attack. The Confederacy won the battle and drove the Union army back to Washington. Many soldiers came from rural (country) areas and had no fighting experience. Many died from destructive weapons and disease. Southern soldiers were more poorly equipped with weapons, supplies, and clothing than northern soldiers. Confederate General Robert E. Lee led an army into Maryland (a Union border state near Washington, D.C.) in the hope that it would persuade Maryland to join the Confederacy and convince European nations to support the South. But the Union won the battle. President of the U.S. during the. He was against slavery, but his primary goal was to preserve the Union. He is known for his "House Divided" Speech, Emancipation Proclamation, and Gettysburg Address. Assassinated by John Wilkes Booth. President Lincoln's speech to dedicate a new cemetery honoring those who died at the Battle of Gettysburg. It emphasized the ideal of equality upon which our nation had been founded (because it's discussed in the Declaration of Independence). Declared slaves in all Confederate states to be free. Issued by President Lincoln who hoped that it would discourage Europeans from assisting the Confederacy and deprive it of a large part of its workforce. Turned the war into a crusade for freedom. Lee invades the North with the hope of capturing a northern city so he can convince the North to seek peace. Lee's forces are outnumbered and he loses onethird of his men. Lee loses and would only fight a defensive war on southern soil from then on.
Draft Riots Seige at Vicksburg Technological Firsts Massachusetts 54th Regiment Key States Texas- westernmost Confederate state Maryland- border state near Washington, D.C. Virginia- Confederate state near Washington, D.C. General Ulysses S. Grant General Robert E. Lee Total War Fort Wagner Sherman's March Through Georgia
The was the first to: 1. Use railroads to move troops and to keep them supplied. 2. Use telegraphs to communicate. 3. Have combat between armor-plated steamships (the first two of these were the Merrimac and the Monitor) In New York City, there were riots against the draft. Federal troops had to be called in to put the riots down. Crowds of angry white New Yorkers burned draft offices and battled police, but they also targeted African Americans (killing almost 100). One of the most famous black regiments of the war. Its members protested being paid less than white solders. Nearly half of the regiment was killed at the battle of Fort Wagner, but their bravery won the respect of other Union soldiers. The Union needed Vicksburg to gain complete control of the Mississippi River and split the Confederacy in two. For six weeks, Union gunboats shelled the city from the river while Grant's army bombarded it from land. Eventually, the Union won the city. Commander of the Union army that led it to victory. His plan was to lead a large force against Lee to capture Richmond, while General Sherman led a second army into Georgia to take Atlanta. He enacted the policy of total war. Future U.S. President. Fort Wagner was a Conferate fort on the South Carolina coast. The attack on Fort Wagner was an impossible mission. To reach the fort, troops had to cross 200 yards of open, sandy beach. The 54th Regiment failed in their attempt, but won respect. Commander of the Confederate army throughout the war. He is considered to be one of the greatest generals in U.S. history even though he was on the losing side. He spent the last years of the war fighting a defensive war on southern soil. Union General William Tecumseh Sherman set fire to Atlanta in order to destroy its resources. He then marched toward Savannah, destroying everything found to be of value. Fields were trampled or burned and houses were ransacked. This was total war. War strategy that Grant used to win the war. It refers to a war on the enemies will to fight and its ability to support an army. As part of this strategy, Union generals burned Virginia's grain-rich Shenandoah Valley and the city of Atlanta, Georgia.
Surrender at Appomattox Courthouse Legacy of the The Draft Lincoln's Assassination African Americans Join the War The Union Blockade Election of Southern 1864 Homefront Border States Resources
Less than a week after Lee's surrender to Grant, Abraham Lincoln was assassinated by John Wilkes Booth, an actor and Confederate sympathizer. Lincoln had been attending a play at Ford's theater in Washington, D.C. with his wife when it happened. On April 9, 1865, General Lee arrived at the village of Appomattox Courthouse in order to surrender to Grant and end the war. Grant's terms of surrender were generous; Confederate soldiers were allowed to go home if they promised not to fight any more. African Americans were not allowed to join the military until 1862. Many who did were former slaves. They often received little training, poor equipment, and less pay than white soldiers. They also risked death or enslavement if captured. The left many issues unsettled. Many white southerners resented their defeat. Secession and slavery were gone in America, but conflicts over states' rights and the status of African Americans would continue long into the future. During the, a huge fleet of Union ships formed a barrier to block any ships from coming or going from southern ports. This was done to prevent the south from trading its cotton for weapons in Europe. The blockade was very successful. When the North and the South ran out of volunteers to fight the war, they imposed a draft where men were forced to join the military if their names were picked. A drafted person was allowed to pay for a substitute to take his place, which upset many. Bombing raids forced people to seek protection in hillside caves. Because of the blockade, imported goods disappeared from stores. Invading Union forces cut railroad lines and destroyed crops. Clothing was patched rather than replaced. President Lincoln ran for reelection in 1864 against Union General McClellan, who promised an immediate end to the war. Lincoln, himself, doubted that he would be elected, but Union victories (including the capture of Atlanta) helped him win. These were slave states that stayed in the Union.