BRIEF CONTENTS Foreword David Blumenthal...xix Acknowledgments...xxi An Introduction Anthony R. Kovner and Thomas D Aunno...xxiii Part I Overview Chapter 1. Evidence-Based Management: The Basic Principles... 3 Eric Barends, Denise M. Rousseau, and Rob B. Briner Chapter 2. Rapid Evidence Assessments in Management: An Example...21 Eric Barends, Karen Plum, and Andrew Mawson Chapter 3. The Baldrige: What We ve Learned from the Most Rigorous Evidence-Based Management in Healthcare Organizations...47 John R. Griffith Part II Scientific Evidence Doing the Work Chapter 4. Research Opportunities and Examples...65 Thomas Rundall and Terese Otte-Trojel Chapter 5. Acquiring Evidence...85 Susan Kaplan Jacobs Chapter 6. Barriers to the Use of Evidence-Based Management in Healthcare... and How to Overcome Them...107 Thomas D Aunno Chapter 7. Learning from Other Domains...123 Denise M. Rousseau and Brian C. Gunia vii
viii Brief Contents Part III Scientific Evidence Examples of Practice Chapter 8. Case Study: The Evolution of Evidence-Based CEO Evaluation in a Multi-Unit Health System...143 Lawrence Prybil and Michael Slubowski Chapter 9. Case Study: The Healthy Transitions Program in Late-Stage Kidney Disease...151 Sofia Agoritsas, Steven Fishbane, and Candice Halinski Chapter 10. Case Study: Evidence-Based Criteria for Hospital Evacuation, Ten Years After: Hurricane Katrina...169 K. Joanne McGlown, Stephen K. O Connor, and Richard M. Shewchuk Chapter 11. Case Study: Integrated Chronic Care Management and the Use of Evidence in Decision Making...203 Kyle L. Grazier Part IV Organizational Evidence Chapter 12. Engineering, Evidence, and Excellence: The Kaiser Permanente Example...213 Jed Weissberg and Patrick Courneya Chapter 13. Big Data and Evidence-Based Management at Lyndon B. Johnson General Hospital...235 Jessie L. Tucker III Chapter 14. An Academic Practice Partnership to Support Evidence-Based Management at Rush University Medical Center...247 Andrew N. Garman, Tricia J. Johnson, Shital C. Shah, W. Jeffrey Canar, Peter W. Butler, and Chien-Ching Li Chapter 15. Teaching Capstone at NYU Wagner: Demonstrating Competency and Applying the Principles of Evidence-Based Management...261 John Donnellan Chapter 16. The Consulting Approach as an Application of Evidence- Based Management: One Firm s Experience...275 Kim Carlin
Brief Contents ix Part V Experiential Evidence Chapter 17. Experience of a Hospital Manager...299 Lynn McVey and Eric Slotsve Chapter 18. How to Do Evidence-Based Management: A Demonstration...307 Bryce Clark Chapter 19. Perspective on Hospital Performance: Interview with David Fine, President and CEO, Catholic Health Initiatives Institute for Research and Innovation, Englewood, Colorado...313 Chapter 20. Perspective on Hospital Performance: Interview with Richard D Aquila, Chief Operating Officer, Yale New Haven Health System...317 Chapter 21. Perspective on Hospital Performance: Interview with Michael Dowling, Chief Executive Officer, Northwell Health System...325 Part VI Stakeholder Concerns Chapter 22. Perspective on Medicine: Interview with Ethan Basch, MD, University of North Carolina...331 Chapter 23. Perspective on Nursing: Interview with Maja Djukic, New York University College of Nursing...335 Chapter 24. Perspective on Big Data: Interview with John Billings, Professor, NYU Wagner...339 Chapter 25. Perspective on Evidence-Based Practice: Interview with Eric Barends, Center for Evidence-Based Management, Amsterdam, the Netherlands...343 Chapter 26. Perspective on Hospital Performance: Interview with Quint Studer, Studer Associates, Pensacola, Florida... 347 Chapter 27. Evidence-Based Management: Where Do We Go from Here?...351 Thomas D Aunno and Anthony R. Kovner
x Brief Contents Appendix A: A 2016 Course Reference Guide on Evidence-Based Management Eric Barends... 359 Appendix B: A Starter Set of Additional Readings About Evidence-Based Management in Healthcare Anthony R. Kovner...367 About the Editors...375 About the Contributors...377
DETAILED CONTENTS Foreword David Blumenthal...xix Acknowledgments...xxi An Introduction by Anthony R. Kovner and Thomas D Aunno...xxi Why Should Managers Read This Book?...xxiii Why Do We Care Passionately About Evidence-Based Management?...xxiii What Did the First Edition Accomplish?...xxiv What Do We Intend to Accomplish in the Second Edition?...xxv What Have We Not Yet Been Able to Accomplish?...xxx Part I Overview Chapter 1. Evidence-Based Management: The Basic Principles... 3 Eric Barends, Denise M. Rousseau, and Rob B. Briner Introduction...3 What Is Evidence-Based Practice?...4 What Counts as Evidence?...4 Why Do We Need Evidence-Based Practice?...5 What Sources of Evidence Should Be Considered?...6 Why Do We Have to Critically Appraise Evidence?...11 Why Focus on the Best Available Evidence?...12 Some Common Misconceptions About Evidence-Based Practice...13 What Is the Evidence for Evidence-Based Practice?...16 Summary...17 Notes...18 References...18 xi
xii Detailed Contents Chapter 2. Rapid Evidence Assessments in Management: An Example...21 Eric Barends, Karen Plum, and Andrew Mawson Evidence Summaries...21 Rapid Evidence Assessments...23 Acknowledgments...40 Notes...41 References...41 Chapter 3. The Baldrige: What We ve Learned from the Most Rigorous Evidence-Based Management in Healthcare Organizations...47 John R. Griffith The Baldrige Process and Its Results as Evidence-Based Management...47 The Ethical Framework of the Baldrige Is Consistent With Medical Professionalism...48 The Winners Represent All of Healthcare and Much of America...49 The Baldrige Model, a Comprehensive System for Managing HCOs...50 The Consensus Directly Improves Patient Care and Reduces Cost...56 Several Factors Impair the Spread of the Consensus... 57 How the Spread of the Model Can Be Encouraged...58 Limitations...60 References...60 Part II Scientific Evidence Doing the Work Chapter 4. Research Opportunities and Examples...65 Thomas Rundall and Terese Otte-Trojel Introduction...65 The Healthcare Management Research Context...66 Research Opportunities Across the Four Types of Evidence...67 Conclusion...80 References...80
Detailed Contents xiii Chapter 5. Acquiring Evidence...85 Susan Kaplan Jacobs Introduction...86 Prerequisites to Step 1...87 Step 1: Asking Translating a Practical Issue or Problem into an Answerable Question...90 Step 2: Acquiring Systematically Searching for and Retrieving the Evidence...92 Steps 3 Through 6: Appraise, Aggregate, Apply, Assess... 98 An Overview of Knowledge Practices...99 Teamwork for Evidence-Based Healthcare Management...102 Conclusion: Challenges for Locating Evidence...102 References...103 Chapter 6. Barriers to the Use of Evidence-Based Management in Healthcare... and How to Overcome Them...107 Thomas D Aunno Barriers to the Practice of Evidence-Based Management...108 How to Increase the Use of Evidence-Based Management in Healthcare Organizations...112 Conclusions...117 References...119 Chapter 7. Learning from Other Domains...123 Denise M. Rousseau and Brian C. Gunia Three Conditions: Ability, Motivation, and Opportunities...123 New Initiatives that Open Possibilities for Evidence-Based Management...130 Conclusion...135 References...135 Part III Scientific Evidence Examples of Practice Chapter 8. Case Study: The Evolution of Evidence-Based CEO Evaluation in a Multi-Unit Health System...143 Lawrence Prybil and Michael Slubowski Introduction...143 Background...143
xiv Detailed Contents Initial Transformation of SCL Health CEO Evaluation Policy and Practices...144 Disruptions to the System and the CEO Evaluation Process...145 Reinstituting a Formal CEO Evaluation Process...146 Questions...149 References...149 Chapter 9. Case Study: The Healthy Transitions Program in Late-Stage Kidney Disease...151 Sofia Agoritsas, Steven Fishbane, and Candice Halinski Introduction...151 Background...151 Applying an Evidenced-Based Management Approach... 153 Conclusion...164 Questions...165 References...165 Chapter 10. Case Study: Evidence-Based Criteria for Hospital Evacuation, Ten Years After: Hurricane Katrina...169 K. Joanne McGlown, Stephen J. O Connor, and Richard M. Shewchuk Introduction...169 Hospital Evacuation Evidence Pre-Katrina...170 Emergence of Information as Evidence Following Katrina...171 To Evacuate or Not?...180 It Can Happen Again: Hospital Evacuation Planning... 186 Future Direction in the Use of Evidence in Practice... 191 Next Steps for Healthcare Managers and Leaders...196 Questions...197 References...198 Chapter 11. Case Study: Integrated Chronic Care Management and the Use of Evidence in Decision Making...203 by Kyle L. Grazier Background...204 Applying Evidence-Based Management...205 Conclusion...207 Assignment...208
Detailed Contents xv Questions...208 References...209 Part IV Organizational Evidence Chapter 12. Engineering, Evidence, and Excellence: The Kaiser Permanente Example...213 by Jed Weissberg and Patrick Courneya Introduction...213 Engineering the Care Delivery System...215 Evidence Leads to Excellence...219 Conclusion...230 References...231 Chapter 13. Big Data and Evidence-Based Management at Lyndon B. Johnson General Hospital...235 by Jessie L. Tucker III Introduction...235 Big Data and Analytics Current and Emerging Evidence-Based Solutions...236 Applying Evidence-Based Management...236 Conclusion...243 References...245 Chapter 14. An Academic Practice Partnership to Support Evidence-Based Management at Rush University Medical Center...247 by Andrew N. Garman, Tricia J. Johnson, Shital C. Shah, W. Jeffrey Canar, Peter W. Butler, and Chien-Ching Li Introduction...247 Rush University Medical Center...248 Description of the Masters Project Program...249 Evaluating Results...255 Conclusions...258 References...258 Chapter 15. Teaching Capstone at NYU Wagner: Demonstrating Competency and Applying the Principles of Evidence-Based Management...261 by John Donnellan Introduction...261
xvi Detailed Contents Capstone at NYU Wagner...262 The EMPA Program for Nurse Leaders...262 The Capstone Experience...263 Lessons Learned / Next Steps...272 Acknowledgments...273 References...274 Chapter 16. The Consulting Approach as an Application of Evidence-Based Management: One Firm s Experience... 275 by Kim Carlin Why Healthcare Clients Use Consultants...275 Stages of a Carpedia Engagement...277 Why We Need Evidence-Based Management in Business A Consultant s Experience...280 The Application of Evidence-Based Management Theory in the Carpedia Approach...281 The Process of Implementing Change Based on Evidence...285 Perioperative Services, Nursing Productivity, and Patient Flow at a Canadian-Based Academic Medical Center...288 Conclusion...293 References...294 Part V Experiential Evidence Chapter 17. Experience of a Hospital Manager...299 by Lynn McVey and Eric Slotsve Introduction...299 Moving from Old to New Management...299 Putting It All Together...301 Results Achieved...304 The Persisting Problem...304 Conclusion...305 References...306 Chapter 18. How to Do Evidence-Based Management: A Demonstration...307 by Bryce Clark Framing the Question Behind the Decision...307 Finding Sources of Information...308
Detailed Contents xvii Evaluating the Evidence (Assessing the Accuracy, Applicability, and Actionability of the Information)... 310 Determining if the Information Is Adequate...311 Lessons Learned...312 Chapter 19. Perspective on Hospital Performance: Interview with David Fine, President and CEO, Catholic Health Initiatives Institute for Research and Innovation, Englewood, Colorado...313 Chapter 20. Perspective on Hospital Performance: Interview with Richard D Aquila, President, Yale New Haven Hospital...317 Chapter 21. Perspective on Hospital Performance: Interview with Michael Dowling, Chief Executive Officer, Northwell Health System...325 Part VI Stakeholder Concerns Chapter 22. Perspective on Medicine: Interview with Ethan Basch, MD, University of North Carolina...331 Chapter 23. Perspective on Nursing: Interview with Maja Djukic, Assistant Professor, Rory Meyers College of Nursing, New York University...335 Chapter 24. Perspective on Big Data: Interview with John Billings, Professor, NYU Wagner...339 Chapter 25. Perspective on Evidence-Based Practice: Interview with Eric Barends, Center for Evidence-Based Management, Amsterdam, the Netherlands...343 Chapter 26. Perspective on Hospital Performance: Interview with Quint Studer, Studer Group, Pensacola, Florida...347 Chapter 27. Evidence-Based Management: Where Do We Go from Here?...351 by Anthony R. Kovner and Thomas D Aunno How Do We Identify the Field of Evidence-Based Management?...351 How Can We Get Teams to Work Together?...353
xviii Detailed Contents How Can We Facilitate Organizational Ownership of Evidence-Based Management?...354 How Can We Prepare Managers to Engage in Evidence-Based Management?...354 How Can We Originate, Standardize, and Disseminate Data on Evidence-Based Management?...355 How Can We Get Funders and Regulators to Behave as Partners?...356 Epilogue...356 Reference...357 Appendix A: A Course Reference Guide on Evidence-Based Management...359 by Eric Barends General Evidence-Based Management Books...359 Principles of Evidence-Based Management...360 Relationships Between Academic and Practitioner Knowledge and Action...360 Teaching and Training in Evidence-Based Management.362 Critiques of Evidence-Based Management...362 Rapid Evidence Assessments, Systematic Reviews, and Research Syntheses...362 Evidence-Based Practice, REAs, and Systematic Reviews in Healthcare...363 Examples of Systematic Reviews and REAs Relevant to Human Resources Management...364 How to Read Research Articles...364 Websites Relevant to Evidence-Based Management... 365 Appendix B: Starter Set of Additional Readings About Evidence-Based Management in Healthcare...367 by Anthony R. Kovner Highlighted Selections...367 Additional Selections for Further Reading...372 About the Editors...375 About the Contributors...377