Gerontology September 2014 Needs Assessment Prepared by Danielle Pearson Date: September 11, 2014 Gerontology Gerontology Needs Assessment Page 1
Scope Data compiled in this report covers San Bernardino, Riverside, Orange, and Los Angeles counties. Data were drawn from external sources, including the Employment Development Department s California Labor Market Information, the U.S. Department of Education s Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), O*NET OnLine, and Chaffey College s Colleague Administrative database. Data Sources and Calculations Educational Program Data TOP Code Program of Study 1309.00 Gerontology The Taxonomy of Programs (TOP) is a standardized system used at the state level to classify programs and courses that are intended to achieve the same outcome at different colleges throughout the state. CIP Code Program of Study 19.0702 Adult Development and Aging The Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) is a standardized coding system used at the federal level to facilitate accurate tracking, assessment, and reporting of fields of study and program completion at educational institutions throughout the country. This report draws on the Adult Development and Aging CIP code, which maps to the Gerontology TOP code, to compare Chaffey College to other institutions and examine employment trends. Completions Data Degree and certificate data regarding students at Chaffey College were collected from the Colleague Administrative database. Degree and certificate data for all comparison schools were collected from the U.S. Department of Education s Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS). All comparison institutions included in this report are postsecondary and have provided data to IPEDS. IPEDS defines postsecondary education as a formal program designed primarily for students beyond high school age. These include academic, vocational, and continuing professional education, and exclude avocational and adult basic education programs. Occupational Data SOC Code Occupational Title 21.1093 Social and Human Service Assistants 39.9021 Personal and Home Care Aides The Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system is used by federal statistical agencies to classify workers into occupational categories. The Adult Development and Aging CIP code was mapped to the SOC codes listed in the table above using the crosswalk described in the paragraph below. Gerontology Needs Assessment Page 2
Educational Program to Occupation Crosswalk The TOP-CIP-SOC Crosswalk (Employment Development Department, 2009) was used in this report to map TOP codes to CIP and SOC codes. This crosswalk allows the user to estimate labor market demand for California Community College program completers using SOC based projections from the Labor Market Information Division. Industry Data The North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) is used by federal statistical agencies to classify business establishments for the purpose of conducting and reporting research on the U.S. business economy. Using the Standard Occupational Classification codes listed above, associated NAICS industries were identified. Gerontology Needs Assessment Page 3
Introduction and Contents Contents Background Information 5 Regional Job Outlook 7 Largest & Fastest Growing Industry Employers 9 Regional Graduation Summary 11 Chaffey College s Performance on Core Indicators 12 Purpose and Goals Chaffey College currently offers a Certificate and Associate in Science degree in Gerontology, both requiring successful completion of 24-25 units. In addition, a non-transcripted Community Caregiver Certificate, requiring 8 17.5 units, is offered through the Gerontology program. The 2014-15 Chaffey College Catalog program description reads as follows: Gerontology prepares students for new careers resulting from the increasing population of older people. This is an interdisciplinary field incorporating research on aging in psychology, physiology, and sociology as well as public policy and social ethics. Gerontology courses provide short-term training for immediate employment and may also lead to a Community Caregiver certificate, a certificate in Gerontology, or an Associate in Science degree in Gerontology. Nurses, social workers, and administrators of care facilities may earn Continuing Education units. Gerontology is increasingly important in professions such as medicine, law, architecture, mental health, and social work. Transfer students will find Gerontology courses at more than 15 California universities. Other employment opportunities are found in residential communities, recreation, marketing, nutrition, counseling and referral, paralegal services, and businesses and agencies serving older adults, including persons with dementia. The purpose of this report is to integrate and analyze data from multiple sources to determine labor market needs for the Gerontology program at Chaffey College. Regional Definitions Inland Empire includes the Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) Los Angeles County includes the Los Angeles- Long Beach-Glendale Metro Division Orange County includes the Santa Ana- Anaheim-Irvine Metro Division Key Terms and Concepts Replacement Jobs: Replacement jobs refer to the number of job openings due to workers leaving an occupation. Annual Openings: Annual openings are calculated by adding the number of new jobs to the number of replacement jobs, divided by the number of years in the projection period. Projections: Projections of employment are calculated by the Employment Development Department and are based on a mathematical formula that includes historical employment and economic indicators along with national, state, and local trends. Occupation: Jobs are grouped into occupations using the federal Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. Industry: Occupations are grouped into industries using the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). Wages: Hourly wages are reported in percentiles and averages. The 25 th percentile is a useful proxy of entry-level wages and the 75 th percentile of experienced-level wages. Gerontology Needs Assessment Page 4
Background Information Gerontology Gerontology programs in California Community Colleges focus on teaching students the principles and practices of working with older adults. This includes physical, social, economic, emotional, health care and support services needs and concerns, related legislation, and community resources. 1 The descriptions of job duties for Gerontology-related occupations are provided by the Occupational Information Network. 2 Social and Human Service Assistants 2 Social and Human Service Assistants assist in providing client services in a wide variety of fields, such as psychology, rehabilitation, or social work, including support for families. They may assist clients in identifying and obtaining available benefits and social and community services. They may assist social workers with developing, organizing, and conducting programs to prevent and resolve problems relevant to substance abuse, human relationships, rehabilitation, or dependent care. Typical Tasks Keep records or prepare reports for owner or management concerning visits with clients Provide information or refer individuals to public or private agencies or community services for assistance Visit individuals in homes or attend group meetings to provide information on agency services, requirements, or procedures Interview individuals or family members to compile information on social, educational, criminal, institutional, or drug history Submit reports and review reports or problems with superior Advise clients regarding food stamps, child care, food, money management, sanitation, or housekeeping Consult with supervisor concerning programs for individual families Oversee day-to-day group activities of residents in institution Assist in locating housing for displaced individuals Transport and accompany clients to shopping areas or to appointments, using automobile 1 California Community Colleges, Chancellor s Office, Taxonomy of Programs, Sixth Edition (Corrected Version). 2 O*Net Online: http://www.onetonline.org/find/ Gerontology Needs Assessment Page 5
Personal Care Aides 2 Personal Care Aides assist the elderly, convalescents, or persons with disabilities with daily living activities at the person s home or in a care facility. Duties performed at a place of residence may include keeping house (making beds, doing laundry, washing dishes) and preparing meals. They may provide assistance at non-residential care facilities and may advice families, the elderly, convalescents, and persons with disabilities regarding such things as nutrition, cleanliness, and household activities. Typical Tasks Administer bedside or personal care, such as ambulation or personal hygiene assistance Prepare and maintain records of client progress and services performed, reporting changes in client condition to manager or supervisor Perform housekeeping duties, such as cooking, cleaning, washing clothes or dishes, or running errands Care for individuals or families during periods of incapacitation, family disruption, or convalescence, providing companionship, personal care, or help in adjusting to new lifestyles Perform healthcare-related tasks, such as monitoring vital signs and medication, under the direction of registered nurses or physiotherapists Plan, shop for, or prepare nutritious meals or assist families in planning, shopping for, or preparing nutritious meals Transport clients to locations outside the home, such as to physicians offices or on outings, using a motor vehicle Instruct or advise clients on issues such as household cleanliness, utilities, hygiene, nutrition, or infant care Participate in case reviews, consulting with the team caring for the client, to evaluate the client s needs and plan for continuing services Train family members to provide bedside care Gerontology Needs Assessment Page 6
Regional Job Outlook Projected Regional Job Outlook The table below displays 2010 employment estimates and 2020 projections for the two occupational groups associated with Gerontology programs. Both occupations are expecting growth over the ten-year period, with Personal Care Aid positions expected to grow by between 30% and 50% depending on region. Total Estimated 2010 Jobs Total Projected 2020 Jobs Projected Growth (%) Ave. Annual New Job Openings Ave. Annual Replacement Job Openings Ave. Annual Total Job Openings Social and Human Service Assistants State of California 34,600 42,200 7,600 (22.0%) 760 740 1,500 Inland Empire 2,290 2,800 510 (22.3%) 51 50 101 Los Angeles CO 10,480 13,040 2,560 (24.4%) 256 227 483 Orange CO 2,100 2,620 520 (24.8%) 52 46 98 Personal Care Aides State of California 324,700 462,900 138,200 (42.6%) 13,820 2,570 16,390 Inland Empire 22,760 31,530 8,770 (38.5%) 870 180 1,057 Los Angeles CO 130,910 171,210 40,300 (30.8%) 4,030 1,036 5,066 Orange CO 14,950 22,170 7,220 (48.3%) 722 118 840 -- Indicates there are no data available. Source: Labor Market Information Division, Employment Development Department, Occupation Profile, on the Internet at: http://www.labormarketinfo.edd.ca.gov/ (visited September 15, 2014). Projected Job Growth by Region The graphs below show the projected growth from 2010 to 2020 of occupations that employ Gerontology program completers. Growth is expected for both Social and Human Service Assistants and Personal Care Aides, with Personal Care Aid positions expanding at high rates. 50 40 Social and Human Service Assistants % Growth 30 20 22 22.3 24.4 24.8 10 0 California Inland Empire LA County Orange County Gerontology Needs Assessment Page 7
50 40 42.6 Personal Care Aides 38.5 48.3 % Growth 30 20 30.8 10 0 California Inland Empire LA County Orange County Source: Labor Market Information Division, Employment Development Department, Occupation Profile, on the Internet at: http://www.labormarketinfo.edd.ca.gov/ (visited September 15, 2014). Hourly Wages by Region This table displays the first quarter 2014 hourly wage statistics of individuals employed in occupations that employ Gerontology program completers. Social and Human Service Assistants earn higher wages on average than Personal Care Aides. Social and Human Services Assistants and Personal Care Aides in the Inland Empire tend to earn slightly lower wages than workers in other regions. Mean Hourly Rate 25 th Percentile Median Hourly Rate 75 th Percentile Social and Human Service Assistants State of California $16.97 $12.08 $16.02 $20.92 Inland Empire $15.84 $10.91 $15.12 $18.89 Los Angeles CO $16.49 $11.74 $15.15 $20.00 Orange CO $16.56 $12.45 $16.33 $20.16 Personal Care Aides State of California $10.64 $9.18 $10.33 $11.52 Inland Empire $9.70 $8.76 $9.41 $10.70 Los Angeles CO $10.43 $9.03 $10.11 $11.39 Orange CO $11.11 $9.41 $10.46 $11.53 Source: Labor Market Information Division, Employment Development Department, Occupation Profile, on the Internet at: http://www.labormarketinfo.edd.ca.gov/ (visited September 15, 2014). Gerontology Needs Assessment Page 8
Largest and Fastest Growing Industry Employers Largest Industry Employers of Gerontology-Related Occupations The graphs below display the 2010 staffing patterns of the industries employing completers Gerontology programs across the state of California. Individual and Family Services and Local Government are the industries employing the most Social and Human Service Assistants. Private Households are by far the largest industry employing Personal and Home Care Aides. 12000 Social and Human Service Assistants Number of Employees 8000 4000 0 Personal and Home Care Aides 300000 Number of Employees 250000 200000 150000 100000 50000 0 Source: Labor Market Information Division, Employment Development Department, Staffing Patterns, on the Internet at: http://www.labormarketinfo.edd.ca.gov/iomatrix/staffing-patterns1.asp (visited September 15, 2014). Gerontology Needs Assessment Page 9
Change Over Time of the Largest Industry Employers of Gerontology-Related Occupations The graphs below display projections of change over time from 2010-2020 of the largest industries employing Gerontology-related occupations in the state of California. Growth is expected in all or nearly all industries for both occupations. Social and Human Service Assistants Percent Change 50% 45% 40% 35% 30% 25% 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% 45.9% 8.1% 6.3% 12.5% 13.3% 0.0% 8.3% 18.2% 18.2% 16.7% Personal and Home Care Aides Percent Change 120% 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 42.9% 80.2% 48.5% 23.5% 18.8% 73.3% 50.0% 100.0% 0% Source: Labor Market Information Division, Employment Development Department, Staffing Patterns, on the Internet at: http://www.labormarketinfo.edd.ca.gov/iomatrix/staffing-patterns1.asp (visited September 15, 2014). Gerontology Needs Assessment Page 10
Regional Graduation Summary Education and Training 3 Most employers will hire Social and Human Service Assistants with an associate s degree or certificate in social work, human services, gerontology, or one of the social or behavioral sciences plus experience from volunteer work or work experience. A bachelor s degree in an appropriate human services field may be required for some jobs. Some employers may also require employees to have a valid California driver license or to pass a background investigation. Employers prefer applications who have a strong desire to help others, have effective communication skills, a strong sense of responsibility, and good time management skills. Many human services jobs involve direct contact with people who are vulnerable. Educational and work experience requirements vary for the many different types of Social and Human Service Assistant jobs. Typically, high school graduates or those with some college education may be given extensive on-the-job training to work directly with clients, while college graduates may be assigned duties as counselors, program coordinators, case supervisors, and group home managers. Most employers provide their employees with some form of in-service training, such as seminars and workshops. Most employers prefer job applicants for Personal and Home Care Aid positions who are experienced, but they will hire those who have no paid experience but have cared for others in their home or outside of the home. Regional Completers in Gerontology Programs The table below displays the number of program completers in the 2012-13 academic year at regional institutions offering Adult Development and Aging programs. Besides Chaffey College, there are only 3 institutions offering degrees and/or certificates below the baccalaureate level across the four-county region. Institution Name < 1 year Certificate 1 to < 2 year Certificate Award Level Associate s Degree 2 to < 4 year Certificate Chaffey College 8 -- 5 -- Coastline Community College 9 -- 1 -- Cypress College 5 -- -- -- Saddleback College 6 -- -- -- Total 28 0 6 0 Note: -- indicates that this type of degree is not offered. 0 indicates that this degree is offered but no degrees or certificates were granted. Source: National Center for Education Statistics, U.S. Department of Education, Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, on the Internet at: http://www.nces.ed.gov/collegenavigator/ 3 Labor Market Info, Employment Development Department, California Occupational Guides, on the Internet at: http://www.labormarketinfo.edd.ca.gov/occguides (visited September 15, 2014). Gerontology Needs Assessment Page 11
Chaffey College s Performance on Core Indicators The Perkins IV Career and Technical Education Improvement Act of 2006 mandates that all state and local postsecondary institutions provide data on six core performance indicators for their career and technical education programs. These indicators are: 1) Technical Skill Attainment; 2) Completions; 3) Persistence and Transfer; 4) Employment; 5a) Nontraditional Participation; and 5b) Nontraditional Completion. Performance goals are set at the state and local levels and progress is monitored based on a comparison between the actual percentage of students who master each performance area and the negotiated levels of performance. 2012-2013 Chaffey College Performance on Core Indicators The table below displays negotiated and actual core performance indicator levels for all Chaffey College students classified under the Gerontology TOP code. This CTE Cohort is defined by the Chancellor s Office as those with 12+ CTE units in the discipline in 3 years. Chaffey performed below negotiated levels on Core Indicators 2, 3, and 4. Core Performance Indicators Negotiated Level State District Chaffey College Performance Percent Above or Below District Negotiated Level Core 1 Technical Skill Attainment 89.50% 89.50% 94.74% 5.2 Core 2 Completions- Credential, Certificate, Degree, or Transfer Ready 81.50% 75.61% 69.23% -6.4 Core 3 Persistence and Transfer 86.50% 83.24% 75.68% -7.6 Core 4 Employment 80.85% 77.65% 37.50% -40.2 Core 5a Non-traditional Participation 22.60% 20.29% N/R N/R Core 5b Non-traditional Completions 26.50% 22.49% N/R N/R Source: CA Community Colleges Reporting Services, Gerontology, College Core Indicator Information by 6-Digit TOP (2014-2015 Fiscal Year Planning). Gerontology Needs Assessment Page 12