THE COMMUNICATION BETWEEN NURSE AND THE BINOMIAL CHILD/FAMILY IN PEDIATRIC UNIT 1 BARROS, Camilla Silva de 2 ; NEVES, Eliane Tatsch 3 ; ZAMBERLAN, Kellen Cervo 4 ; ABSTRACT It is an experience report about the academic experience of the supervised training of the Nursing Course at Universidade Federal de Santa Maria performed at the university hospital of this institution. The objective of the study is to describe as happen the communication process between the nurse and the binomial child/family in the hospital environment. It was noticed that the hospitalization in childhood is a situation that creates stress because it changes the routine not only of the child but the family. In this sense the communication is necessary in the scenario of child health care, being primordial to awakening in the child and family the feeling of safety, confidence and calm. In this way the experience enabled for the student to improve his knowledge in the area of pediatric nursing in addition to confirming the importance of communication in interpersonal relationships with patients and their families. Descriptors: Pediatric Nursing; Communication; Hospitalized Child; Family. 1. INTRODUCTION It has observed in constant attempts of reorganization in the health practices of the child whose focus has seeking the establishment of bonding and co-responsibility between health professionals and the population. 1 Report Experience. Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM). 2 Presenter. Nursing Course at the Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil. E-mail: millaabarros@hotmail.com. 3 Nurse. Nursing Doctor. Teacher of the Nursing Department and Post- Graduate Program in Nursing at the UFSM. 4 Nurse. Graduate Student Master of the Nursing Department and Post- Graduate Program in Nursing at the UFSM. 1
patient. 2 Thus the parents and/or responsible were inserted effectively in the pediatric clinic in In this sense the creation of the Children Health Integral Assistance Program (PAISC) in 1984 brought as basic principle the promotion of the child health in an integral way, by means of the monitoring in the process of child growth and development, allowing the early identification of pathological processes and favoring its treatment. In addition it ensure the encouragement and support for to breastfeeding, nutritional guidance, assistance to the diarrheal diseases and acute respiratory infections, in addition to ensuring greater vaccine coverage 1. It understand that children are in constant growth, development and presenting specific needs at each stage; in addition the children have biological differences, emotional and socio-cultural, which should guide the development of strategies of integral care the Brazil from the beginning of the 1990 to humanize the assistance of hospitalized child and to attend your needs, by means of the Child and Adolescent Status allowing the permanence of a companion all time with the hospitalized child 3. The hospitalization of a child usually is seen as a crisis situation for the family and to the child. The illness and hospitalization bring numerous sufferings to the child as the experience of separation; pain; physical discomfort caused by the disease and by procedures performed; fear of the death, disease, in addition to restriction the dearly activities 4. In general when one of the members of the family sickens the cares and attention are concentrated on that person who causes moments of desestruturation and restructuration familiar 5. The form of organization of work of the health team is a fundamental aspect to minimize the suffering in the hospital environment in child care. In this context the nurse work that cares in a pediatric unit should be focused on the needs of care of the binomial familychild and should provide a lucid environment; encourage the bond of the child with his family; to inform and to guide about rules, routines, pathology and care; to support the coping of problems passing from the hospitalization; between others. 2 This way the communication process allows that the professionals act in front of the child and his family. This relationship is primordial to awakening in the child and family the feeling of security, confidence and calm. The dialog shows an indispensable tool for the coping of difficulties and for the construction of a therapeutic relationship and of confidence 6 2
2. OBJECTIVE The objective of this report is to describe as happen the communication process between the nurse and the binomial child-family in the hospital environment. 3. METHODOLOGY It is an experience report about the academic experience developed during the supervised trainee in nursing in seventh semester of the Nursing Course at the Universidade Federal de Santa, performed at the Hospital Universitário de Santa Maria (HUSM). The beginning of the activities happened in the month of March 2012. The site chosen for the training was the Pediatric Unit (PU), which is a reference for care of high complexity in the area of pediatrics by the Unified Health System. The PU is located on the sixth floor at the HUSM and account with sixteen beds distributed in a ward of three beds, two of five beds, a room with two beds and an apartment with only one bed generally used as insulation. Five beds are usually destined for the surgical patients, three beds are generally for infants and five beds are for pre-school and school. The other beds are used according the demand of the service. The interest in the area happened from the experiences as student of the 6 th semester where the discipline on the child's health is taught. During the period of realization of the activities the monitoring and observation of the actions developed from the academic were supervised and supported for the responsible nurses. In addition were used electronics materials as well as scientific articles to assist in the discussion of the results. 4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The hospitalization is a stressful situation in the life of any human especially in the childhood because affects the family life resulting in a change of routine in the familia 7. This requires committed of health professionals to search integrality of the assistance, as well as the construction of new work dynamics that seek to enlarge the possibilities of cuidado 2. This way during the period corresponding to the supervised trainee it tried to observe how happen the communication process established between the nurse and the family/child. Thus, it identified that the communication was present in all the actions performed by the nurse, from the most simple, and this was conducted in accordance with the objective of care 3
provided, involving the intention of to guide, to calm and to supply the identified needs of the children and their families. The communication is considered the basis of relationship human, including during hospitalization. In this process happens the emission, reception and understanding of the messages that may be verbal and non-verbal? The verbal contemplates the spoken language and written, the non-verbal contemplates the corporal expressions and touch 8. In this context the communication established with the child must has an appropriate language for the understanding of the same being important that the professionals seek new strategies to stimulate the development of health education for this population. It is essential to expand the knowledge and understanding about the feelings of the hospitalized child, as well as their way of to thinking and the significance of his experience to develop an integral care. Every the forms of communication with the child and family should be valued, for that the difficulties can be confronted to built a therapeutic relationship and of confidante to reduce the fears, to provide aid and overcome difficult situations. The communication is a health need of the child and family, being necessary to understand the wealth and ability of to be with the others 6. In this was the communication in the health care practice consists in a primordial condition of the nursing profession that above all is to value life and the human being, their experiences and particulars, independent of the place of assistance provided. 5. CONCLUSION The experience related with the activity performed by means of the supervised training allowed the student to know the routine of Pediatric Unit, the organization of the nursing team and the role of the nurse. It was can enhance your knowledge in the pediatric area, in addition to confirming the importance of communication in the interpersonal relationships with patients and their families. The communication in their context of occurrence can be planned for each action and individually appropriate. For this is fundamental the knowledge of how happens the communication process and the elements that compose it. The experience and the readings allowed the reflection about the role of communication as a resource in the promotion of care and health education, as well as to awakening the need to continue deepening knowledge. This experience to develop that 4
should be put into practice a style of communication that seeks to contemplate the individuality and the integrality of the individual. REFERENCES 1 Brasil. Ministério da Saúde. Assistência integral à saúde da criança: ações básicas. Brasília (DF): Ministério da Saúde; 1984. 2 Thomazine AM, Passos RS, Bay-Júnior OG, Collet N, Oliveira BRG. Assistência de enfermagem à criança hospitalizada: um resgate histórico. Cienc Cuid Saude 2008;7(Suplem. 1):145-152. 3 Brasil. Ministério da Saúde. Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente / Ministério da Saúde. 2. ed. atual. Brasília: Ministério da Saúde, 2005. 4 Vasques RCY, Bousso RS, Mendes-Castillo AMC. A experiência do sofrimento: histórias narradas pela criança hospitalizada. Rev Esc Enferm USP 2011; 45(1):122-9. 5 Beuter M, Rossi JR, Neves ET, BRONDANI CM. A sobrecarga do familiar no cuidado domiciliar. Rev enferm UFPE on line. 2009 jul.-set;3(2):687-93. 6 Martinez EA, Tocantins FR, Souza SR. Comunicação e assistência de enfermagem a criança. R. pesq.: cuid. fundam. online 2010. out/dez. 2(Ed. Supl.):12-14. 7 Quirino DD, Collet N, Neves AFGB. Hospitalização infantil: concepções da enfermagem acerca da mãe acompanhante. Rev Gaúcha Enferm, Porto Alegre (RS) 2010 jun;31(2): 300-6. 8 Mourão CML, Albuquerque MAS, Silva APS, Oliveira MS, Fernandes AFC. Comunicação em enfermagem: uma revisão bibliográfica. Rev. RENE 2009 jul.-set; 10(3):139-145. 5