PREVIEW 12 Examine the map your teacher has projected. Write the names of the countries that have claims in North America in the appropriate places on the map below. Then, working with a partner, discuss and record answers to the questions on the following page. Examining Claims in North America in 1796 78
PREVIEW 12 1. What does this map show? 2. Which countries claimed the most territory in North America in 1796? 3. Which countries claimed the least territory? 4. How did U.S. claims compare with those of other countries? 5. Which peoples claims are not shown on this map? 6. Who were the United States potential enemies in 1796? 7. What geographic advantages did the United States have? What geographic disadvantages did it have? 8. If you were president in 1796, what three steps would you take to protect the United States from its more powerful neighbors? Foreign Affairs in the Young Nation 79
Dilemma 1: What Should President Adams Do to Protect American Ships? Step 1: Draw a quick sketch of the projected transparency. Step 2: Read Section 12.3. Annotate the sketch you drew above. Use these words and phrases in your annotations: envoys, French, attack on ships. Step 3: As you watch the miniplay, place Xs on the map below to show where each scene takes place. Step 4: Pretend you are citizens living during the presidency of John Adams. Discuss this critical thinking question with your group: What should President Adams do to protect American ships? A. Request that Congress declare war on France immediately. B. Make a military alliance with Britain and try to beat the French. C. Continue to build stronger defenses for American shipping, and negotiate with the French. D. Stop American shipping to avoid conflict. 80
Step 5: Draw an X on the spectrum below to show where your group s choice belongs. Isolationism Step 6: Prepare for a rally at the White House. First, on the sign to the right, write a motto that promotes your group s choice. (Example: Less Involvement! ) Involvement Then write a slogan for your group to chant during the rally. (Example: No more war! ) Step 7: Write your motto in large, bold letters on a large piece of paper to make a poster. Then quietly practice chanting your slogan. Step 8: Read Section 12.4 and summarize what actually happened. Foreign Affairs in the Young Nation 81
Dilemma 2: How Should President Jefferson Deal with Pirates? Step 1: Draw a quick sketch of the projected transparency. Step 2: Read Section 12.5. Annotate the sketch you drew above. Use these words and phrases in your annotations: Barbary pirates, tribute, President Jefferson. Step 3: As you watch the miniplay, place Xs on the map below to show where each scene takes place. Step 4: Pretend you are citizens living during the presidency of Thomas Jefferson. Discuss this critical thinking question with your group: How should President Jefferson deal with pirates? A. Pay the increased tribute as requested and avoid bloodshed. B. Send a peace envoy to negotiate. C. Send troops to force the pirates to allow American ships to trade freely in the Mediterranean. D. Order American shipping out of the Mediterranean to avoid unnecessary conflict. 82
Step 5: Draw an X on the spectrum below to show where your group s choice belongs. Isolationism Involvement Step 6: Prepare for a rally at the White House. First, on the sign to the right, write a motto that promotes your group s choice. (Example: Less Involvement! ) Then write a slogan for your group to chant during the rally. (Example: No more war! ) Step 7: Write your motto in large, bold letters on a large piece of paper to make a poster. Then quietly practice chanting your slogan. Step 8: Read Section 12.6 and summarize what actually happened. Foreign Affairs in the Young Nation 83
Dilemma 3: What Should President Madison Do to Protect Sailors and Settlers? Step 1: Draw a quick sketch of the projected transparency. Step 2: Read Section 12.7. Annotate the sketch you drew above. Use these words and phrases in your annotations: Britain, impressing, Napoleon. Step 3: As you watch the miniplay, place Xs on the map below to show where each scene takes place. Step 4: Pretend you are citizens living during the presidency of James Madison. Discuss this critical thinking question with your group: What should President Madison do to protect sailors and settlers? A. Declare war on Great Britain and attack the British on land and sea. B. Declare war on Great Britain, but only wage a war at sea. C. Delay declaring war on Great Britain until the country is prepared to win. D. Do not declare war on Great Britain. The risks are not worth it. 84
Step 5: Draw an X on the spectrum below to show where your group s choice belongs. Isolationism Involvement Step 6: Prepare for a rally at the White House. First, on the sign to the right, write a motto that promotes your group s choice. (Example: Less Involvement! ) Then write a slogan for your group to chant during the rally. (Example: No more war! ) Step 7: Write your motto in large, bold letters on a large piece of paper to make a poster. Then quietly practice chanting your slogan. Step 8: Read Section 12.8 and summarize what actually happened. Foreign Affairs in the Young Nation 85
Dilemma 4: What Should President Monroe Do to Support the New Latin American Nations? Step 1: Draw a quick sketch of the projected transparency. Step 2: Read Section 12.9. Annotate the sketch you drew above. Use these words and phrases in your annotations: Latin American revolutions, President Monroe, European leaders. Step 3: As you watch the miniplay, place Xs on the map below to show where each scene takes place. Step 4: Pretend you are citizens living during the presidency of James Monroe. Discuss this critical thinking question with your group: What should President Monroe do to support the new Latin American nations? A. Join in an alliance with Great Britain to support Latin American independence. B. Do not join an alliance with Great Britain, and warn Europe to stay out of Latin America. C. Allow the Latin American countries to defend themselves. D. Work to create an alliance with all of the Latin American countries to defend their independence against European interference. 86
Step 5: Draw an X on the spectrum below to show where your group s choice belongs. Isolationism Involvement Step 6: Prepare for a rally at the White House. First, on the sign to the right, write a motto that promotes your group s choice. (Example: Less Involvement! ) Then write a slogan for your group to chant during the rally. (Example: No more war! ) Step 7: Write your motto in large, bold letters on a large piece of paper to make a poster. Then quietly practice chanting your slogan. Step 8: Read Section 12.10 and summarize what actually happened. Foreign Affairs in the Young Nation 87
PROCESSING 12 John Adams was so proud of avoiding war with France that he wanted that fact engraved on his tombstone. On the other four tombstones below, write a brief inscription to commemorate what those presidents accomplished in foreign affairs. John Adams b. 1735 d. 1826 Thomas Jefferson b. 1743 d. 1826 He avoided war with France. George Washington b. 1732 d. 1799 James Madison b. 1751 d. 1836 James Monroe b. 1758 d. 1831 88