The Southern Mediterranean Marine Highway Project (SMMHP)

The Southern Mediterranean Marine Highway Project (SMMHP) 2 nd Technical Regional Workshop on Integrated Maritime Policy 1 / 32 Tangiers Riyad 22-9 & 2310 February June 2008 2012

Summary of the presentation 1. History of the Marine Electronic Highways 2. The WIOMHP experience 3. SMMHP highlights 4. Technology components & relevant examples 5. Conclusion 2 nd Workshop on Integrated Maritime Policy Tangiers 22 23 Riyad February - 9 & 2012 10 June 2008 2/ 32

History of the Marine Electronic Highways 1989: Exxon Valdez oil spill disaster. Early 1990s: Development of the Saint Lawrence & Great Lakes Marine Electronic Highway. 1998-2005: Western Indian Ocean Oil Spill Contingency Planning Project (Comoros, Madagascar, Mauritius, Seychelles). 2001: The IMO & World Bank decide to develop a Malacca MEH. 2003-2007: Extension of the WIO project to the Southern African states WIO/GEF-MHCCPP, under the chairmanship of South Africa. 2005: Malacca MEH Project kick-off. 2008: WIO/GEF-MHCCPP Project kick-off. 2010: The World Bank envisages developing a Mediterranean Marine Highway reaching to the Red Sea and further. 2012: Completion of Malacca MEH and WIO/GEF-MHCCPP. 2 nd Workshop on Integrated Maritime Policy Tangiers 22 23 Riyad February - 9 & 2012 10 June 2008 3/ 32

Definition of a MEH A marine electronic highway is a physically-defined navigation route, providing a safe and secure navigation channel supported by continuously updated nautical charts, in accordance with the provisions of SOLAS (in paper or electronic format), maritime safety information, real-time navigation aids, and other information systems (weather updates, traffic management, access to ports, and the like). e-navigation AIS LRIT ECDIS ENCs Port Control Marpol Stations S&R VTS MPAs etc. 2 nd Workshop on Integrated Maritime Policy Tangiers 22 23 Riyad February - 9 & 2012 10 June 2008 4/ 32

Determining MEH by observing traffic No vessel 4 or fewer 5 15 vessels 15 49 vessels Over 50 vessels AMVER density plot - January 2012 http://www.amver.com/density.asp 2 nd Workshop on Integrated Maritime Policy Tangiers 22 23 Riyad February - 9 & 2012 10 June 2008 5/ 32

2. The WIOMHP experience 2 nd Workshop on Integrated Maritime Policy Tangiers 22 23 Riyad February - 9 & 2012 10 June 2008 6/ 32

The Mozambique Channel MEH Two lanes separated by a buffer zone Width of each lane: 5 miles Width of buffer zone: 5 miles 2 nd Workshop on Integrated Maritime Policy Tangiers 22 23 Riyad February - 9 & 2012 10 June 2008 7/ 32

WIOMHP Surveyed area Zanzibar Toamasina Maputo 2 nd Workshop on Integrated Maritime Policy Tangiers 22 23 Riyad February - 9 & 2012 10 June 2008 8/ 32

UE $$ GEF Grant agreement WORLD BANK Grant agreement $$ IOC Sub-Regional Coordinator Tripartite agreement Comoros Kenya Coordinator (South Africa) Mauritius Madagascar Mozambique Seychelles Tanzania MOU Tripartite agreement Regional Coordinator $$ SAMSA Contracts Contracts 2 nd Workshop on Integrated Maritime Policy Tangiers 22 23 Riyad February - 9 & 2012 10 June 2008 9/ 32

Lessons learnt 1. The WIOMHP has proved to be a successful test bench. 2. World Bank procedures are now well- established. 3. Appointing a dedicated team (SAMSA) is a prerequisite. 4. Technology developments are important components that must be identified ASAP. 5. Marine Highways are to be determined bottom-up, starting with users practices and requirements. 6. The International Organisations are now willing to move ahead Mediterranean Marine Highway and further. 7. MEH projects must be coordinated in region. 2 nd Workshop on Integrated Maritime Policy Tangiers 22 23 Riyad February - 9 & 2012 10 June 200810 / 32

Shifting MEH to the Mediterranean 1.End of 2009: Following the WIO/GEF-MHCCPP. experience, the World Bank proposes the Union for the Mediterranean to implement a first MEH in the Southern Mediterranean. 2.World Bank early contacts include Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia. 3.If successful, the SMMHP could be extended to the Eastern Mediterranean and thence, to the Red Sea and further. 4.February 2010: France expresses official interest. 5.12-14 May 2010: Starting of WB/UfM/IMO preliminary discussions, with South African feed-back. 2 nd Workshop on Integrated Maritime Policy Tangiers 22 23 Riyad February - 9 & 2012 10 June 200811 / 32

3. SMMHP highlights 2 nd Workshop on Integrated Maritime Policy Tangiers 22 23 Riyad February - 9 & 2012 10 June 200812 / 32

THE SOUTHERN MEDITERRANEAN: A RECIPE FOR A MAJOR ENVIRONMENT CATASTROPHE 30% of the world seaborne trade The world marine traffic has tripled in the last 30 years 3 ships out of 4 are only transiting Ship size up 55% since 2000 Oil flow expected to grow 60% over the next 20 years No EEZ, few regulations Limited TSS 2 nd Workshop on Integrated Maritime Policy Tangiers 22 23 Riyad February - 9 & 2012 10 June 200813 / 32

Sitting on a powder keg Traffic scares Accidents Tsunamis Submersions 2 nd Workshop on Integrated Maritime Policy Tangiers 22 23 Riyad February - 9 & 2012 10 June 200814 / 32

Scope of work: the 5 components Component 1: Development of a regional marine highway and institutions Component 2 (Physical building): Coastal and marine contamination prevention capacity building Component 3 (Policy/Institution building): Sovereignty, Port state control and ICM capacity Component 4 (Institution building): Environment management, fisheries monitoring capacity Component 5: Project management 2 nd Workshop on Integrated Maritime Policy Tangiers 22 23 Riyad February - 9 & 2012 10 June 200815 / 32

Scope of work: Budget suggestions* Components In-cash (US$ m) In-kind US$ m) Cost (US$ m) % (incomplete) 1: Development of a regional marine highway and institutions 2: Coastal and marine contamination prevention capacity building 3: Sovereignty, Port state control and ICM capacity 4: Environment management, fisheries monitoring capacity 5: Project management 2.4 1.8 2.2 TBD 1.7 5.6 1.7 0.8 TBD 0.3 8.0 3.5 3.0 TBD 2.0 49 21 18 TBD 12 Total 8.1 8.4 16.5 100 * World Bank has the final last word 2 nd Workshop on Integrated Maritime Policy Tangiers 22 23 Riyad February - 9 & 2012 10 June 200816 / 32

4. Technology components & relevant examples 2 nd Workshop on Integrated Maritime Policy Tangiers 22 23 Riyad February - 9 & 2012 10 June 200817 / 32

Cost considerations (cartography) Standard hydrographic survey Ocean-survey vessel: 53 700 per 24 hrs day (incl. survey team) Full Survey/Post-processing team: about 10 000 per day Time ratio Post-processing / Field survey: 3.5 Survey of port and access: about 0.5 M per port Standard Chart production costs, without printing: Publication: 79 500 Edition: 46 000 ENC: 16 500 (to be added to the publication cost) Source: SHOM (2009 figures) 2 nd Workshop on Integrated Maritime Policy Tangiers 22 23 Riyad February - 9 & 2012 10 June 200818 / 32

Status of coastal surveys (depths < 200 m) Adequately surveyed Needs to be resurveyed Never surveyed Algeria 4 % 48 % 48 % Egypt??? France (Med. coast) 96 % 4 % 1 % Libya??? Morocco 30 % 0 % 70 % Tunisia 53 % 41 % 0 % UK 41 % 27 % 32 % Source: IHO C-55 2 nd Workshop on Integrated Maritime Policy Tangiers 22 23 Riyad February - 9 & 2012 10 June 200819 / 32

Satellite Bathymetry Strong points: Quasi-automatic precise delineation of shoreline Bathymetric model derived from image radiometry down to 15 metres contour Sufficient for ICM 1/50 th of the cost of standard surveys Weak points: Non IHO compliant Only in clear waters New opportunities with latest generation satellites: Low resolution (22 to 32 m): Disaster Monitoring Constellation (DMC) Medium resolution (5m): RapidEye, SPOT 5 High resolution (1m and below): Ikonos, QuickBird, GeoEye, WorldView-1, 2 2 nd Workshop on Integrated Maritime Policy Tangiers 22 23 Riyad February - 9 & 2012 10 June 200820 / 32

NASA comment of January 2012 : Sediments and phytoplankton micro particles are the cause of the green and turquoise waters in this part of the Mediterranean. TUNISIA SFAX Kerkennah Islands 2 nd Workshop on Integrated Maritime Policy Tangiers 22 23 Riyad February - 9 & 2012 10 June 200821 / 32

SHOM existing charts CM 4235 Ed. n 4, 1952 1:152 300 CM 4315 Ed. n 6 1952, updated in 1976 1:332 800 CM 4238 Ed. n 6, 1987 1:25 000 Sfax harbour at 1:10 000 2 nd Workshop on Integrated Maritime Policy Tangiers 22 23 Riyad February - 9 & 2012 10 June 200822 / 32

1st archived DMC Image Resolution: 32 m Swath: 600 km Note: there is a DMC ground station in Oran, Algeria 2 nd Workshop on Integrated Maritime Policy Tangiers 22 23 Riyad February - 9 & 2012 10 June 200823 / 32

2nd archived DMC Image Resolution: 32 m Swath: 600 km The Southern part of this 2nd image is slightly hazy. It can nonetheless be merged with the 1st image so as to provide full satellite coverage. 2 nd Workshop on Integrated Maritime Policy Tangiers 22 23 Riyad February - 9 & 2012 10 June 200824 / 32

Archived RapidEye Images Resolution: 5 m Swath: 77 km Detailed RapidEye images can be added wherever necessary and combined with the SRTM DTED 2 DTM (free download). The SHOM old charts Nr 4238, 4235 & 4315 can then be updated at little cost. SFAX Gulf of Gabès Djerba island Kerkennah Islands 2 nd Workshop on Integrated Maritime Policy Tangiers 22 23 Riyad February - 9 & 2012 10 June 200825 / 32

Introduction to lidar & multispectral surveys 3 times the Secchi depth From zero to 70 m deep 10 times cheaper than Multibeam echosounder Multispectral imagery is an indispensable complement to monitoring the environment 2 nd Workshop on Integrated Maritime Policy Tangiers 22 23 Riyad February - 9 & 2012 10 June 200826 / 32

Sea level observation Station online Station offline Candidate station Southern Mediterranean candidate stations will be equipped with IOC/GLOSS tide gauges Source: <http://medgloss.ocean.org.il/default.asp> 18 February 2012 2 nd Workshop on Integrated Maritime Policy Tangiers 22 23 Riyad February - 9 & 2012 10 June 200827 / 32

EEZ, MPAs & Delineations Participants will be encouraged to declare EEZ based on UNCLOS. Training in delineations will be developed as appropriate. Maritime protected areas (MPAs) Development of comprehensive SPAMIs and MPAs will be addressed UNEP/MAP EEZ quick conservation look areas WMMH Jurisdictions at a glance 2 nd Workshop on Integrated Maritime Policy Tangiers 22 23 Riyad February - 9 & 2012 10 June 200828 / 32

On-job training El Aouina Tunisia National Remote Sensing Centre 2 nd Workshop on Integrated Maritime Policy Tangiers 22 23 Riyad February - 9 & 2012 10 June 200829 / 32

5. Conclusion 2 nd Technical Regional Workshop on Integrated Maritime Policy 30 / 27 Tangiers Riyad 22-9 & 2310 February June 2008 2012

SMMHP assets 1. 3rd Marine Highway project 2. Positive South African feed-back 3. Same World Bank expert 4. Almost same team 5. Field-proven management structure 6. UfM and UE backing 7. REMPEC support 8. GEF funding? 9. Availability of Ocean Survey vessel and institution Will Africa become the first continent to control its maritime environment? 2 nd Workshop on Integrated Maritime Policy Tangiers 22 23 Riyad February - 9 & 2012 10 June 200831 / 32

Thank you for your attention. Do you have any question? 2 nd Technical Regional Workshop on Integrated Maritime Policy 32 / 32 Tangiers Riyad 22-9 & 2310 February June 2008 2012