BOOTS ON THE GROUND: MAKING ACADEMIC LIBRARIES WORK FOR VETERANS EDUARDO M. TINOCO UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA 27 JUNE 2015 http://www-bcf.usc.edu/~etinoco/
For Love of Country by Howard Schultz and Rajiv Chandrasekaran [Veterans] don t need care packages and quilts. They need a nation to understand the skills and values and discipline they have acquired and the assistance they still require and then give them an opportunity to make a difference on the home front Saying thank you at an airport is not enough. Standing for an ovation at a baseball game is not enough. To do right by our veterans to recognize their value to our society and fulfill our solemn obligation to those who volunteered to protect the rest of us we first have to understand what they have accomplished and what they offer our nation (p. 16).
I Was a 26 Year Old Freshman 1988 Discharged from the US Army Fall of 88 enrolled at Glendale Community College Fall of 91 transferred to CSU, Northridge - majored in English Though student veterans have not been studied as closely as other subgroups such as student athletes, the existing literature shows that many factors contribute to a difficult transition for them from military service, and that they grapple with different challenges than non-veteran students (Rumann, C. B., & Hamrick, F. A. (2010).
How did I get here? RALPHS GROCERY WAREHOUSE MAN (Order Selector) Worked Full-Time while attending college (1989-1994) MOTION PICTURE ASSOCIATION OF AMERICA (1995-2000) Received my Master of Library Science Degree (2000) San Jose State University LEHMAN BROTHERS, INC. (2000-2004) Worked as the Los Angeles office Research Librarian in support of several LEH groups including mergers & acquisitions, industrials, financial institutions, private placements and high-net worth. Resigned my position in LEH to take the position of Senior Research Consultant at the USC Marshall School of Business. Transferred to the USC Libraries and granted continuing appointment in 2009.
September 15, 2008, after 158 years of existence Lehman Brothers, Inc. declares bankruptcy.
STUDENT VETERAN RESEARCH LEAVE @ USC FOCUS: CURRENT CAMPUS CULTURE FOR STUDENT VETERANS AT USC LITERATURE REVIEW STUDENT VETERAN TRANSITION DATA FROM VA REPORTS AND WHITE PAPERS AAU WEB PAGE ANALYSIS CAMPUS INTERVIEWS
STUDENT VETERAN RESEARCH LEAVE @ USC LITERATURE REVIEW Included journal articles, white papers, reports or any type of literature providing insights on student veteran transition to higher education Data from Department of Veterans Affairs, Department of Education, Student Veterans of America, American Council on Education, and other organizations
AAU Website Survey May June 2014 Association of American Universities (year of admission) Type Veterans found on A-Z index or Site Map Vet or Military Link on main page Veterans Services page Veteran Specific Financial Aid Information Yellow Ribbon Student Veteran Group Veteran Resource Center Military Friendly Campus by G.I. Jobs ROTC TOTAL affiliated with Iowa State University (1958) Public 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 8 Veterans Center University at Buffalo, The State University of New York (1989) Public 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 8 Student Affairs University of Colorado Boulder (1966) Public 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 8 Student Affairs University of Missouri-Columbia (1908) Public 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 8 MU Veterans Center University of Oregon (1969) Public 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 8 Registrar Carnegie Mellon University (1982) Private 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 7 Registrar Georgia Institute of Technology (2010) Public 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 7 Registrar Michigan State University (1964) Public 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 7 Registrar Texas A&M University (2001) Public 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 7 Veteran Services Office The University of Arizona (1985) Public 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 7 Student Affairs University of California, Santa Barbara (1995) Public 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 7 Student Affairs University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (1908) Public 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 7 Student Affairs The University of Iowa (1909) Public 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 7 Center for Diversity and Enrichment University of Minnesota, Twin Cities (1908) Public 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 7 One Stop Student Services Brown University (1933) Private 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 6 Student Veterans and Commissioning Programs Columbia University (1900) Private 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 6 Military and Veteran Affairs University of Pennsylvania (1900) Private 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 6 UPenn Student Veteran Assoc University of Southern California (1969) Private 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 6 Registrar Washington University in St. Louis (1923) Private 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 6 University Community? Indiana University (1909) Public 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 6 Division of Student Affairs The Ohio State University (1916) Public 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 6 Military and Veteran Affairs Purdue University (1958) Public 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 6 Veterans Success Center Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey (1989) Public 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 6 Veteran and Military Programs University of California, Berkeley (1900) Public 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 6 Registrar University of California, Irvine (1996) Public 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 6 Student Affairs University of California, Los Angeles (1974) Public 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 6 Student Affairs University of California, San Diego (1982) Public 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 6 Registrar The University of Kansas (1909) Public 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 6 Registrar University of Maryland, College Park (1969) Public 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 6 Student Affairs University of Michigan (1900) Public 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 6 Veteran and Military Services The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (1922) Public 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 6 Registrar University of Pittsburgh (1974) Public 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 6 Office of the Provost The University of Texas at Austin (1929) Public 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 6 Office of Dean of Students University of Virginia (1904) Public 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 6 Registrar University of Washington (1950) Public 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 6 Veterans Center The University of Wisconsin-Madison (1900) Public 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 6 Registrar Cornell University (1900) Private 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 5 Registrar Duke University (1938) Private 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 5 Registrar The Johns Hopkins University (1900) Private 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 5 Registrar Massachusetts Institute of Technology (1934) Private 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 5 Student Financial Services New York University (1950) Private 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 5 Registrar Tulane University (1958) Private 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 5 Registrar University of Rochester (1941) Private 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 5 Diversity Vanderbilt University (1950) Private 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 5 Registrar The Pennsylvania State University (1958) Public 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 5 Office of Veterans Programs University of Florida (1985) Public 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 5 Office of Veterans Services Boston University (2012) Private 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 4 Registrar Case Western Reserve University (1969) Private 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 4 Registrar Emory University (1995) Private 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 4 Registrar Harvard University (1900) Private 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 4 Harvard University Student Financial Services Northwestern University (1917) Private 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 4 Registrar Rice University (1985) Private 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 4 Registrar Stanford University (1900) Private 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 4 Registrar Yale University (1900) Private 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 4 Financial Aid Stony Brook University-State University of New York (2001) Public 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 4 Student Affairs University of California, Davis (1996) Public 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 4 Student Academic Success Center The University of Chicago (1900) Private 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 3 Registrar Princeton University (1900) Private 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 2 n/a Brandeis University (1985) Private 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 n/a McGill University (1926) Canadian 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 n/a University of Toronto (1926) Canadian 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 n/a California Institute of Technology (1934) Private 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 n/a 17 0 57 57 54 43 16 33 54
STUDENT VETERAN RESEARCH LEAVE @ USC (Cont d) AAU WEBPAGE REVIEW (May & June 2014) Veterans found on the A-Z index or site map 17 of 60 Veteran or Military link found on main page 0 of 60 Veterans Service page 57 of 60 Veteran specific financial aid information 57 of 60 Yellow Ribbon information 54 of 60 Veteran Resource Center 16 of 60 (USC opened its VRC in November 2014 bringing the number up to 17) Student Veteran Group 43 of 60 Military Friendly Campus or G.I. Job 33 of 60 ROTC Program 54 of 60 Veteran program is administered by department Varied by institutions from the Registrar, student affairs, military & veterans affairs
STUDENT VETERAN RESEARCH LEAVE @ USC CAMPUS INTERVIEWS @ USC (Cont d) STUDENT VETERAN ASSOCIATION (USCVA) VA- CERTYFING OFFICE USC MARSHALL SCHOOL OF BUSINESS Master of Business for Veterans program CENTER FOR INNOVATION AND RESEARCH ON VETERANS AND MILITARY FAMILIES (CIR) This Center has little contact with students VETERANS STUDENT SERVICES was called the office of Transfer Success Program & Veteran Student Program USC SCHOOL OF SOCIAL WORK USC LIBRARIES
1990-2014 2008 Post 9/11 GI Bill becomes Law Source: USC Office of the Registrar
STUDENT VETERAN RESEARCH LEAVE @ USC (Cont d) OUTCOMES OF MY SIX-MONTH LEAVE PRESENTATION, VETERAN SERVICES @ USC, TO THE USC COUNCIL OF ACADEMIC ADVISORS CONFERENCE (2014). PUBLICATION OF ARTICLE, Student Veterans in Higher Education: A Transitional Challenge, IN THE FEDERAL RESERVE BANK OF SAN FRANCISCO S Community Investments Magazine. GIVEN COLLECTION RESPONSIBILITIES FOR Military Science and Naval History AT USC LIBRARIES INVITED TO PRESENT AT THIS SESSION
Historical Background of Veterans Educational Benefits 1944 Serviceman s Readjustment Act (more commonly known as the GI Bill) Provided veterans with benefits including home mortgages, low interest business loans, health benefits, unemployment payments, disability and educational benefits (6). A number of revisions have been made to the GI Bill during the past 70 years. 2008, most recent change called the Post 9/11 GI Bill Provides educational benefits for the veteran or can be transferred to a dependent.
More than 2.6 million troops have deployed to Iraq and Afghanistan since 2001 (1). Over one million veterans received Veterans Affairs Education Benefits in 2013 through the Post 9/11 G.I. Bill (2). It is expected that the number of educational beneficiaries will reach two million by 2020 (3). CHALLENGES 66% of combat veteran responding to the National Survey of Student Engagement in 2010, identified themselves as first-generation students (4). Student veterans arrive to college with weaker academic preparation, lower education aspirations and lack of knowledge in navigating the college environment (5). Delays and confusing paperwork from VA. Struggle to fit in with fellow students, who tend to be younger and unfamiliar or critical of the realities of military service (6). Financial Issues tuition costs rose 683% at public colleges and universities between 1980-2005 (4).
From Harkin s 2014 Report Executive Summary For-profit colleges received $1.7 billion of Post- 9/11 GI Bill benefits during 2012-2013 Eight of the top 10 recipients of Post-9/11 GI Bill benefits are large, publicly-traded companies that operate for-profit colleges Amongst the top recipients of Post-9/11 GI Bill benefits is Corinthian Colleges, Inc. Corinthian received $186 million in Post-9/11 GI Bill funds from 2009-2013, yet recently announced it was in such severe financial distress that it would close or sell all campuses. In all, seven of the eight companies are currently under investigation by state attorneys general or federal agencies for deceptive and misleading recruitment or other possible violations of federal law Harkin 2014 Report
United States Senate Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions Committee Tom Harkin, Chairman Majority Committee Staff Report, July 30, 2014
How can Academic Institutions Help? Durdella N., & Kim, Y. (2012). Understanding patterns in college outcomes among student veterans. Journal of Studies in Education 2(2), 109-128. Elliot, M., Gonzalez, C., & Larsen, B. (2011). US military veterans in transition to college: Combat, PTSD, an alienation on campus. Journal of Student Affairs Research and Practice, 48(3), 279-296. doi:10.2202/1949-6605.6293
RESEARCH COMPLETING THE MISSION (2011) A Pilot Study of Veteran Students Progress Toward Degree Attainment in the Post 9/11 Era COMPLETING THE MISSION II (2013) A Study of Veteran Student Progress Toward Degree Attainment in the Post 9/11 Era Both reports are available from the Operation Promise for Service Members site: http://www.operationpromiseforservicemembers.com/completing_mission_ii.pdf http://www.opeationpromesforservicemembers.com/completing_the_mission_nov2011.pdf
PUBLICATIONS American Association of Collegiate Registrars and Admission Officers Preparing Your Campus for Veterans Success
AMERICAN COUNCIL ON EDUCATION http://www.acenet.edu/higher-education/topics/pages/supporting-student-veterans.aspx
http://www.census.gov/library/infographics/veterans.html
Sources Service Branches logos: http://www.picswallpaper.com/ Department of Veterans Affairs logo: va.gov (1) Serving veterans and military families: Best practices for human service professionals. Center for Innovation and Research on Veterans & Military Families: Los Angeles, CA. Retrieved from: http://cir.usc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/uwt-ff.pdf (2) Department of Veterans Affairs (2013). Department of Veterans Affairs Education Program Beneficiaries: FY 2000 to FY 2012. Retrieved from www.va.gov/vetdata/utilization/educnation_2012.xls (3) American Council on Education, (2008). Military Service Members and Veterans in Higher Ed. Available at: https://bookstore.acenet.edu/products/military-servicemembers-and-veterans-higher-ed (4) Wurster, K. G., Rinaldi, P.A., Woods, T. S., & Liu, W. M. (2012). First-generation student veterans: Implication on poverty for psychotherapy. Journal of Clinical Psychology 69(2), 127-137. doi: 10.1002/jcjp/21952 (5) Durdella N., & Kim, Y. (2012). Understanding patterns in college outcomes among student veterans. Journal of Studies in Education 2(2), 109-128. (6) Elliot, M., Gonzalez, C., & Larsen, B. (2011). US military veterans in transition to college: Combat, PTSD, an alienation on campus. Journal of Student Affairs Research and Practice, 48(3), 279-296. doi:10.2202/1949-6605.6293
http://detroitmountain.com/military-discount/