Unmanned Air Systems (UAS) Courses

Unmanned Air Systems (UAS) Courses

Capability Overview There is a proliferation of unmanned platforms in the defence domain to meet the increasing demand for tactical and strategic intelligence data. These platforms are also increasing in importance and relevance in the civilian world where they are used for low cost surveillance imagery in association with maintenance and security. This proliferation has enhanced the need for effective training and specialist personnel to operate, maintain and support these systems. We offer a tiered approach to developing UAS capability, and provide a blend of operational and technical instruction founded on UK military and scientific experience. Our courses range from UAS fundamentals all the way up to tailored advanced-level UAS systems and cover topics such as Airmanship for sensor operators, Intelligence Analysis, Geospatial Intelligence, Data Management and Image Analysis. All our courses are adaptable, and can be tailored to specific customer needs. Courses can be delivered at our modern state-of-the-art UK training facilities, or at an agreed customer location in the UK or overseas. Courses may be taken as part of an overarching UAS training course, or as an independent set of subjects. We offer our UAS training in association with Unmanned Experts Ltd, with whom we have teamed to deliver operationally focussed and customer-centred training on the use of UASs. Together we provide a much needed service for a swiftly expanding market place that increasingly sees innovative uses of UASs in a number of demanding operational environments. Providing a comprehensive UAS operational support service. 2 3

UAS Training Together, MASS and UMEX have considerable experience of training foreign and domestic armed forces in all aspects of air, land and maritime UAS operations. Providing a unique mix of operational and technical instruction, founded on UK military and scientific experience, we offer a tiered approach to developing UAS capability. Trusted to provide advice and support to the UK Ministry of Defence Our approach to training uses a combination of traditional classroom instruction underpinned by the use of sophisticated modelling and simulation tools. This blended solution enables students to develop their skills more quickly, expediting the route to operational effectiveness and independence. All our courses are adaptable, and can be tailored to specific customer requirements. Courses can either be delivered at our state-of-the-art UK training facilities in Lincoln, or at an agreed customer location. MASS and UMEX have a proven track record in the provision of Foundation to Advanced level training to international customers 4 5

Instructors MASS UAS Training Courses Our trainers are award-winning instructors and evaluators on numerous UAS platforms. We have extensive experience in UAS training system design and implementation and have delivered leadingedge training material to current operational platforms. Simulator and practical support will be provided throughout the relevant courses. The need for access to current, qualified and independent UAS expert advisers and consultants is as great as it has ever been: our team is made of just such individuals, with extensive operational experience in their respective fields and with a drive to problem-solve your specific enquiry. Please contact us with your general requirements and we will work with you to produce a training package suited to your needs. Generally, course deliveries can be delivered at our state-of-the-art training facility at Lincoln or equally may be at a customer s location. Introduction to UAS 8 UAS Fundamentals 9 UAS Foundation 10 UAS Advanced 11 Geospatial Intelligence (GEOINT) 12 Human Factors & Crew Resource Management 13 Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance (ISR) 14-15 Imagery Analysis (IA) 16 Information Operations 17 Law Enforcement Tactical Operations 18 Electronic Warfare Foundation 19 Comms Electronic Support Measures (ESM) Level 1 20 Comms Electronic Support Measures (ESM) Level 2 21 Comms Intelligence (COMINT) Analysis 22 Electronic Intelligence (ELINT) Analysis 23 Electronic Warfare Data Management Systems 24 Robust Comms 25 Contact: Tel: +44 (0)1480 222600 or email uas@mass.co.uk 6 7

Introduction to UAS This one-day, classroom-based instructional programme is designed for senior management and field engineers entering the UAS market. The course begins with an overview of UAS terms, definitions and possible configurations followed by a study of current operations (both military and civilian) and the systems in use around the globe. A look at possible payloads and sensor suites is followed by a review of typical UAS issues and difficulties, including an update on the current regulatory environment. Finally a review of the near-future capabilities and market considerations concludes the Course. UAS Fundamentals This 3-day, classroom and practical instructional programme provides individuals or teams entering the UAS market with the need to hit the ground running. Delegates will gain a working knowledge of UAS system classification, roles and command and control options. UAS design considerations, payloads and limitations are studied, culminating in challenging UAS design and mission practical exercises. Areas of the Introduction to UAS course are refreshed along with an in-depth study of operational and maintenance difficulties. The Fundamemtals course concludes with a series of pertinent and informative case studies. The Introduction to UAS Course should provide trainees with a solid grounding in all of the following fields: UAS Basic Principles UAS Types & Roles UAS Concepts of Operations (CONOPS) Payload & Sensor Options UAS Components & Systems 1 day. No prior knowledge of UAS is required prior to attendance. On completion of the Fundamentals course, delegates will have a thorough understanding of the following: UAS Terms & Definitions Spectrum Management, Datalinks & C2 UAS Basic Principles UA System Design inc a Practical Exercise 3 days. No prior knowledge of UAS is required prior to attendance. Airspace Regulations Human Factors & CRM UAS Case Study UAS Types & Roles Future Capabilities UAS Concepts of Operations (CONOPS) UAS Components & Systems Mission Planning Considerations Payload & Sensor Options UAS Licensing & Regulations, Including Standardisation Agreements (STANAGS) UAS Maintenance & Logistics UAS Case Studies & Lessons Learned Future Capabilities 8 9

UAS Foundation The Unmanned Air Systems Foundation course is designed to provide a thorough understanding of all aspects of UAS operations. This week-long, classroom based, practical and simulator-based, instructional programme begins with the 3 day UAS Fundamentals course providing an introduction to aircraft systems, UAS design, roles, classification, command and control payloads and operations. It is followed by a 2-day UAS employment module providing instruction on practical UAS issues, tasking and integration of UAS assets. Mission planning, logistics and real-world case studies are all covered in detail, supported by challenging practical workshops and supervised simulator lessons. UAS Advanced This specialised course provides experienced UAS professionals, or fundamental course attendees, with an in-depth understanding of the more complex, ground-breaking or controversial aspects of UAS operations. Attendees should have completed the UAS fundamentals course or be a professional in the UAS field. The Foundation course combines fundamental and employment courses delivered over 5 days of formal instruction and practical sessions. On completion of the course, delegates will have a solid grounding in all of the following fields: Aeronautical Terms & Definitions Spectrum Management UAS Basic Principles Navigation Systems UA System Design Human Factors & CRM Datalinks & C2 UAS Types & Roles Sensor & Payload Options UAS Licensing & Regulations UAS Support Requirements UAS Weaponization ISR Tasking, Processing, Exploitation and Dissemination (TPED) Process UAS Integration Issues Mission Planning & Execution Safety Management Systems UAS Maintenance Issues 5 days. No prior knowledge of UAS is required prior to attendance. The Advanced course modules include the following areas, however additional specialist briefs will be added to the Advanced course as they become available. Threats to UAS Operations Counter-UAS (C-UAS) Operations UAS Costs & Business Planning Multi-Aircraft Control (MAC) Processing, Exploitation & Dissemination (PED) UAS Ethics Future Capabilities 10 11 1 day. Prior experience in the UAS field or completion of the fundamentals course are required prior to attendance.

Geospatial Intelligence (GEOINT) Human Factors & Crew Resource Management The course will provide personnel with an overview and working knowledge of Geospatial Intelligence (GEOINT) via the use of Imagery Intelligence (IMINT) and geospatial information. s The Geospatial Intelligence course modules will include the following areas: Imagery Interpretation Principles, Techniques and Procedures Collation, Analysis and Evaluation of Imagery Use of Geospatial Information Including: - Maps - Charts - Grid systems - On-line Mapping Tools Mosaic Construction Imagery Manipulation Dissemination of IMINT Production of Imagery for Inclusion in Target Packs Analysis of: - Terrain - Structures and Installations - Urban Conurbations Battle Damage Assessment (BDA) 5 days. No previous geospatial intelligence knowledge is required to participate in this course. This 3 day training course examines the human factors aspects of unmanned aviation and the challenges posed by remote piloting of highly automated systems. Aimed primarily at the UAS pilot, the course material is also highly relevant to UAS designers, engineers and pilots in manned aviation. Research into human error in the field of aviation tempts us to believe that the topic is well understood but human factors still feature in most aviation accidents. Engineers and designers push for ever increasing levels of automation to reduce human error rates, so we might conclude that unmanned systems, by removing the man from the cockpit, may experience lower accident rates. This course, presented by experienced UAS operators and human factors trainers, looks at the reasons why the role of the human in the loop, and the provision of adequate data, demand more consideration to improve safety standards in unmanned aviation and to enable the industry to break out of segregated airspace. With an introduction covering the history and development of unmanned systems, the course goes on to examine the role of human fallibility and error before analysing the unique challenges of taking the pilot out of the cockpit while giving him enough information to operate safely whilst making decisions about the task and the aircraft systems. The course considers the benefits of automation while looking at the topic of sensory detachment caused by lack of feel and the audio-visual cues available to the pilot on board an aircraft. Case studies are used to examine previous UAS accidents and the role that human error has played in them. Additionally, group exercises provide the students the opportunity to help reduce the risk of these accidents occurring in the future. A Short History of Unmanned Aviation Safety Management & Human Error & Fallibility Ground Control Station (GCS) Interface Design and Aircraft Behaviour Presentation of Visual Information Situational Awareness and the Challenge of Remote Operation Automation & Flight Envelope Protection Unmanned Aircraft Performance Factors 3 days. No prior knowledge of human factors & crew resource management is required prior to attendance. 12 13

Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance (ISR) The 4 week-long Intelligence, Surveillance & Reconnaissance (ISR) course is based on years of practical and academic experience. The course builds on the successful completion of the previous UAS training courses and utilizes classroom and real-world derived scenarios that will both inform and test the student in all aspects of ISR. The performance and operational use of several fielded UAS platforms will be examined. The ISR course comprises 3 phases: PHASE 1: PHASE 2: PHASE 3: ISR Fundamentals. The aim of the ISR Fundamentals course is to introduce ISR principles, define the process, and outline how ISR supports and integrates with other activities. The course will go on to introduce common collect and analytical capabilities and conclude with a small, practical training exercise. Topics will include: An Introduction to the Intelligence Cycle An Introduction to the ISR Process ISR Practitioner. The aim of the ISR Practitioner Phase is to introduce intelligence personnel or surveillance and reconnaissance operators to the wider world of ISR and to prepare them for operations. The course will go on to introduce and refresh common collect and analytical capabilities with a focus on the tactical integration of disparate ISR systems against a common target. The course will conclude with a small practical training exercise. Topics covered comprise: Discussion of ISR Applications ISR Master Class. The aim of the ISR Master Class is to develop the tactical acumen of an ISR operator. The course is founded on real world operational experience and is designed to prepare ISR operators to demonstrate, at the expert level, the knowledge, cognitive skills and leadership traits required to be a commander s primary tactical advisor and problem solver, as well as a mentor to others. Topics addressed include: Definition of ISR How ISR Integrates with Other Command Functions C2ISR Tactical Integration A Demonstration of ISR Integration During a 2-day Mission-Focused, Practical Scenario. 20 days. No prior knowledge of Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance is required prior to attendance. ISR as an Activity Tasking Principles Overview of Sensor Technologies Exploitation Techniques Dissemination Introduction to Common ISR Capabilities Introduction to Tactical Integration of ISR Assets Practical Scenario Focused on System Integration. The final part of the course will focus on instructional techniques and culminates with a practical assessment of the student s ability to present lessons on basic UAS and ISR principles. On completion of this module, the students will be qualified ISR Instructors. 14 15

Imagery Analysis (IA) This course will provide an introduction to the fundamentals of imagery analysis, outlining the core knowledge and techniques associated with Imagery Intelligence (IMINT) discipline, enabling personnel to perform the duties of an Imagery Analyst. Upon the successful completion of this course, which utilises a combination of lectures, practical exercises and experiential learning, attendees will be fully conversant with the roles and responsibilities of the Imagery Analyst. Information Operations The course will provide personnel with knowledge of Information Operations (IO) in the ever evolving sphere of Command & Control Warfare (C²W). The Imagery Analysis course will contain the following modules: History of Reconnaissance and Imagery Interpretation Intelligence Tasking Cycle: - Task Requirements - Acquisition - Exploitation & Analysis - Reporting Pre-Mission Planning: - Image Interpretation Techniques (Hamshaw- Thomas) - Image/Map Correlation - Mapping & Charting Sensor Overview: - Introducion to Electro- Optical Sensors - Introduction to Infra-Red Sensors* - Introduction to RADAR Sensors* Electronic Light Table (ELT) Civilian Installations:* - Industrial Facilities and Associated Infrastructure Transportation Networks: - Road, Rail and Pipeline Surveillance etc. Consolidation Exercises* * Denotes options dependant on customer preferences and available imaging platforms 5 days. No previous Imagery Analysis knowledge and experience is required to participate in this course. The Information Operations course modules will include the following areas: Computer Network Operations (CNO) Psychological Operations (PsyOps) / Media Operations Physical Destruction (to include Directed Energy Weapons (DEW) Military Presence, Posture and Profile Information Security (IS) / Operational Security (OPSEC) Military Deception Electronic Warfare (EW) in Support of IO Battlespace Spectrum Management (BSM) Civil-Military Cooperation (CIMIC) Military Equipment Recognition:* Important Legal Considerations - Basic Aircraft Recognition - Basic Ship Recognition - Basic Armoured Fighting Vehicle Recognition 16 17 5 Days. No previous IO experience required.

Law Enforcement Tactical Operations The ability of law enforcement services to use small UAS (SUAS < 4.4lbs) in tactical scenarios is now a reality. This 3-day, classroom and simulator-based course is designed for law enforcement personnel actively involved in tactical operations. Attendees will receive an introduction to UAS concepts and issues associated with fielding an SUAS that will comply with forthcoming national regulations. A strong focus on SUAS tactical employment and integration with the law enforcement intelligence function will help agencies to decide whether they want to pursue the adoption of this transformational technology. Expert instructors and the supervised use of SUAS simulators will provide attendees with an opportunity for hands-on experience, and for developing their agency s concept of operations (CONOPS) before they take the plunge. Electronic Warfare Foundation The course will provide personnel with an introduction to EW and Signals Intelligence (SIGINT). : Our courses are modular and tailored to meet the unique requirements of each organization and discipline to maximise the training benefit of the course. Unmanned Aircraft Platforms & Performance FAA UAS Regulations & Standards Unmanned Air System (UAS) Avionics and Mechanics 3 Days. A background in law enforcement or public safety is highly recommended. Familiarity with the principles of flight is also recommended. No prior knowledge of UAS is required prior to attendance. The EW Foundation course modules will include the following areas: Components of EW and SIGINT The Electromagnetic Spectrum (EMS) Wave Theory and Propagation Comms Electronic Support Measures (CESM) Fundamentals Radar Electronic Support Measures (RESM) Fundamentals 10 days. No prior knowledge of EW is required prior to attendance. Communications Intelligence Feeds and Sources Airspace Flight Planning (Navigation) Weather Services Operational Use of EW in Air, Land and Maritime Domains Battlespace Spectrum Management (BSM) Intelligence, Surveillance & Reconnaissance (ISR) The Role of the EW Coordination Cell (EWCC) EO/IR/LADAR/LIDAR Sensors 3D Precision GEO Location Hazardous Materials Simulator Training Targeting and Tracking Electro-Optic and Infra-Red (EO&IR) Overview Intelligence Surveillance Target Acquisition and Reconnaissance (ISTAR) Platform / Force Protection 18 19

Comms Electronic Support Measures (ESM) Level 1 Comms Electronic Support Measures (ESM) Level 2 The course will provide personnel with training and knowledge of Comms Electronic Support Measures (ESM) theory in order to prepare for Comms ESM operator roles. The course will provide personnel with an in-depth knowledge of Comms Electronic Support Measures (ESM). Upon successful completion, personnel will be able to demonstrate their knowledge of complex signals and data exploitation concepts, with an emphasis on modern comms systems and emerging capabilities. The Comms ESM Level 1 course modules will include the following areas: Comms Networks Comms Targeting Roles and Responsibilities of the CESM Operator and EW Supervisor Basic Code Breaking Network and Traffic (1st line) Analysis Global System for Mobile (GSM) Comms Overview Satellite Communications (SATCOM) Overview Radio Controlled Improvised Explosive Device (RCIED) Overview Counter RCIED Electronic Warfare (CREW) Principles Introduction to EW Planning Introduction to Complex Signals 10 days. Completion of the EW Foundation Course would be beneficial prior to attendance. The Comms ESM Level 2 course modules will include the following areas: Propagation, Antennas and Complex Wave Forms Initial Intercept Plan (IIP) Production of Appropriate Level Intelligence Reports Prioritise Target Tasks for Search / Intercept Plans Analogue and Digital Comms including: - Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) - Terrestrial Trunk Radio (TETRA) - Voice Over Internet Protocol (VoIP) - Global System for Mobile (GSM) Comms Infrastructure and Associated Architecture - High Power Cordless Phones (HPCP) - WiMax / OSI 7Layer - Synchronous and Asynchronous Techniques Comms ESM Support to Electronic Attack (EA) Comms ESM Support to Electronic Protection (EP) 15 days. Completion of the Comms ESM Level 1 course or at least 1 year operational Comms ESM experience would be beneficial prior to attendance. 20 21

Comms Intelligence (COMINT) Analysis Electronic Intelligence (ELINT) Analysis The course will provide knowledge and understanding of Comms Intelligence (COMINT) analysis enabling personnel to perform the duties of a COMINT analyst. Upon successful completion of this course using a combination of lectures, practical exercises and scenarios, attendees will be fully conversant with the role and responsibilities of the COMINT analyst. The course will provide knowledge and understanding of Electronic Intelligence (ELINT) analysis enabling personnel to perform the duties of an ELINT analyst. Upon successful completion of this course using a combination of lectures, practical exercises and scenarios, attendees will be fully conversant with the role and responsibilities of the ELINT analyst. The COMINT analyst course modules will include the following areas: Roles and Responsibilities of the COMINT Analyst Analytical Processes and Problem Solving Comms Networks and Orders of Battle (ORBAT) Intelligence Cycle and EW Estimate Intelligence Preparation of the Battlespace (IPB)/Environment (IPE) EW Triage/Information Prioritisation Cryptanalysis Techniques EW Operators Log Creation and Interpretation Extraction of Information from: - Operators Logs and Comments - Direction Finding (DF) Results - Code Words/Cover Werms 10 days. Although not a prerequisite, it would be beneficial for personnel to have completed the EW Foundation course and/or fulfilled the role of a COMINT operator prior to attendance. The ELINT analysis course modules will include the following areas: Electromagnetic (EM) Wave Propagation Radar Theory from an ELINT Perspective Radar Parametrics to Include: - Pulsed Radar Waveforms - Complex RF Agile Systems - Interpulse and Intrapulse Modulation Types ELINT Support to EW Operations ELINT Principles to Include: - Tasking - Collection - Analysis - Reporting 5 days. In order to maximise the effectiveness of this training, attendees should have a basic knowledge of radar theory as a prerequisite. Database Manipulation and Processing All Source Intelligence Feeds Intelligence Fusion Including Intelligence Surveillance Target Acquisition and Reconnaissance (ISTAR) Sources Intelligence Briefing 22 23

Electronic Warfare Data Management Systems Robust Comms The course will provide personnel with theoretical and practical experience of Electronic Warfare Data Management Systems (EWDMS). The requirement for effective data management to support EW will be covered along with the necessary structures and features of a modern EWDMS. Access to advanced EWDMS application software will be provided to support practical exercises. The course is designed to enable personnel to study communications systems and their robustness to intentional interference or Electronic Countermeasures (ECM). The EW Data Management Systems course modules will include the following areas: 5 days. The Robust Comms course modules will include the following areas: 20 days. Database Formats Principles of EW Relational Database Management Systems (RDBMS) Sub-divisions of an EW Database The Principles of: - EW Intelligence Capture - Using a Database to Analyse Data - Database Support to EW Equipment - Electronic Orders of Battle (EOB) Production No pre-requisite knowledge is required prior to attending this course. Antenna Directivity Electronic Attack (EA) / Electronic Defence (ED) Intercept and Location Introduction to Long Range Wi-Fi (WiMax) Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) Open Systems Interconnection 7 Layer Model (OSI 7 Layer) Propagation Theory Receiver Theory Role of the Intercept Officer Personnel should have experience of advanced comms engineering. Synchronous and Asynchronous Thuraya, Iridium, Very-Small- Aperture-Terminal (VSAT), Inmarsat Unintentional RF / RF Measurement and Signature Intelligence (MASINT) 24 25

Glossary HPCP High Power Cordless Phones IA Imagery Analysis Abbreviation Expanded Term IIP Initial Intercept Plan BDA Battle Damage Assessment IMINT Imagery Intelligence BSM Battlespace Spectrum Management IO Information Operations C2 Command and Control IPB Intelligence Preparation of the Battlespace C2ISR Command and Control Intelligence Surveillance Reconnaissance IPE Intelligence Preparation of the Environment C²W Command and Control Warfare IR Infra-Red CESM Communications Electronic Support Measures IS Information Security CIMIC Civil-Military Cooperation ISR Intelligence Surveillance Reconnaissance CNO Computer Network Operations ISTAR Intelligence Surveillance Target Acquisition and Reconnaissance COMINT Communications Intelligence LADAR Light Amplification for Detection and Ranging CONOPS Concepts of Operations LIDAR Laser Identification Detection and Radar CREW Counter Remote Controlled Improvised Explosive Device MASINT Measurement and Signature Intelligence CSI Commercial Satellite Imagery MTI Moving Target Indicator C-UAS Counter Unmanned Air System(s) OPSEC Operational Security DEW Directed Energy Weapons ORBAT Order of Battle DF Direction Finding OSI 7 Layer Open Systems Interconnection 7 Layer Model DSSS Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum PED Processing, Exploitation and Dissemination EA Electronic Attack PsyOps Psychological Operations ED Electronic Defence QAM Quadrature Amplitude Modulation ELINT Electronic Intelligence RADAR Radio Direction and Ranging EM Electromagnetic RCIED Remote Controlled Improvised Explosive Device EMS Electromagnetic Spectrum RDBMS Relational Database Management System EO Electro-Optic RESM Radar Electronic Support Measures EOIR Electro-Optic / Infra-Red SAR Synthetic Aperture Radar EOB Electronic Order of Battle SATCOM Satellite Comms EP Electronic Protection SIGINT Signals Intelligence ESM Electronic Warfare Support Measures or Electronic Support Measures SUAS Strategic Unmanned Air Systems EW Electronic Warfare TETRA Terrestrial Trunk Radio EWCC Electronic Warfare Coordination Cell TPED Tasking, Processing, Exploitation and Dissemination EWDMS Electronic Warfare Data Management System UAS Unmanned Air System FAA Federal Aviation Authority UAV Unmanned Air Vehicle FMV Full Motion Video UMEX Unmanned Experts GCS Ground Control Station VoIP Voice Over Internet Protocol GEOINT Geospatial Intelligence VSAT Very Small Aperture Terminal GSM Global System for Mobile Comms WiMax Long Range Wi-Fi 26 27

www.mass.co.uk/uas/uas.htm MASS Head Office: Enterprise House Great North Road Little Paxton St. Neots Cambridgeshire PE19 6BN UK T: +44 (0)1480 222 600 F: +44 (0)1480 407 366 E: uas@mass.co.uk www.mass.co.uk a Cohort plc Company Mass Consultants Ltd 2013 MC/MARKTG/FLY041/1