www.amti.net areas of security evaluation, disaster preparedness and response, systems engineering and integration, program management, rapid prototyping, and Zones: 2 and 7 National Capital and Northwest N65236-99-D-7824/080 9/1/02 12/31/04 Dugway Proving Grounds (DPG) Advanced Chemical Biological Integrated Response Course (ACBIRC) Relevant Functional Areas: 3.9, 3.11, 3.17, 3.18, 3.20 and 3.21 realistic field training and exercises to develop and/or demonstrate and evaluate performance of a system, tactic, technique, or procedure; also to develop or validate concepts of operation or employment chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, explosive (CBRNE) defeat, defense, and protection systems and training to include platform instruction, hands-on training preparation, realistic field training, and full-scale exercises under stress-producing opposition force planning, intelligence gathering, information operations, electronic counter measures, probes, and attacks. capture, analysis, and documentation of end users required capabilities; transition to program activities and management focused assistance to first responders development of Engineering/System Engineering/Planning Support - detailed front end analyses (FEA), studies, and plans for Naval Special Warfare (NSW), Joint Service, SOF, and first responders programs/systems covering: requirements, threats, system architectures, system engineering, system/component selection and tradeoff (performance, cost, design, operational), system interface/interoperability, OT&E, Program Management/Acquisition. 2) Warfare and Systems Analysis/Assessment Support - analysis and assessment of programs/systems covering such areas as requirements, functional, threats, cost and affordability, performance, technical feasibility, operational effectiveness. 3) User Evaluation scenario and script writing; site set-up and supervision; training event capture (video documentation and streaming); report writing; transition to operational capabilities; incorporation of sensor and detectors; validation of protective systems, tactics, and procedures. AMTI is under contract to deliver: full-service training courses to include curriculum development (objectives, outline, text materials, hand-outs) as well as transportation, lodging, meals, and administrative support; monthly, interim, and final reports; concepts of operation and tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTP) development.
Zones: 2, 3, and 7 National Capital, Mid-Atlantic, and Northwest DTRA01-01-C-0002 10/05/00 10/05/05 DTRA Biological Warfare Interdiction (BWI) Advanced Concept Technology Demonstration (ACTD) Boundary Step Relevant Functional Areas: 3.2, 3.4, 3.5, 3.7, 3.9, 3.10, 3.11, 3.16, 3.18, 3.19, 3.20 and 3.21 rapid research and analysis of technologies related to the counter-proliferation of WMD and to counter terrorism activity; this includes program management to develop, rapidly prototype, operationally test, field, and support equipment security vulnerability studies and analysis field exercises to develop and/or demonstrate and evaluate performance of a system, tactic, technique, or procedure; also to develop or validate concepts of operation or employment chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, explosive (CBRNE) defeat, defense, and protection systems and assessments systems engineering and integration of equipment, concepts, plans, tests, exercises, and materiel capture, analysis, and documentation of end users required capabilities; transition to program activities and management focused assistance to Special Operations Forces (SOF) and the Interagency community (FBI, CIA), i.e., the ultimate user first responder CBRNE requirements, proofs of concept, rapid prototyping, development and fielding 2) Engineering/System Engineering/Planning Support - detailed front end analyses (FEA), studies, plans for Naval Special Warfare (NSW), Joint Service and Special Operations Forces (SOF) programs/systems covering: requirements, threats, system architectures, system engineering, system/component selection and tradeoff (performance, cost, design, operational), system interface/interoperability, OT&E, Program Management/Acquisition. 3) Warfare and Systems Analysis/Assessment Support -analysis and assessment for NSW, Joint Service, and SOF programs/systems covering such areas as requirements, functional, threats, cost and affordability, performance, technical feasibility, operational effectiveness. 4) Cost and Affordability analysis - cost and affordability for NSW, Joint Service, and SOF programs/systems covering such areas as life cycle cost estimating, historical data collection, parametric/analogous/engineering cost estimating, cost performance trade offs, CER development, cost model development, cost risk assessment, force structure costing. 5) Operational Test and Evaluation; Early User Evaluation scenario and script writing; test site set-up and supervision; test plan-results capture-video documentation-report writing; developed and executed plans for testing and evaluating CBRNE sensors and detectors; test bed planning, evaluation, and transition to operational capabilities; established-operated hard target defeat test ranges, incorporating sensor and detector exploitation; conduct largescale field exercises to validate systems and concepts.
Zone: 4 Gulf Coast USZA22-02-D-0014 05/31/02 05/31/09 Acquisition, Logistics, Management, and Business Operations Support (ALMBOS) for the US Special Operations Command (USSOCOM). Relevant Functional Areas: 3.1, 3.2, 3.4, 3.9, 3.10, 3.11, 3.14, 3.18, 3.19, 3.20, 3.21 1) AMTI participates in the ALMBOS contract in support to USSOCOM as a subcontractor to Sverdrup Technologies. Three AMTI personnel form the core of combatant craft operational and developmental expertise for the USSOCOM Combatant Craft Program Management Office (CCPMO). AMTI personnel participated in the Developmental Testing / Operational Testing (DT/OT) for the Naval Special Warfare Rigid Inflatable Boat (NSW RIB) in 1996-97, and subsequent acceptance testing and developmental testing following production start. AMTI personnel planned and managed execution of DT/OT for the Special Operations Craft Riverine (SOCR) in 2001-02, as well as subsequent acceptance testing and developmental testing after SOCR production began. To date, AMTI personnel have managed USSOCOM Acceptance Testing and integrated the efforts of Fleet Personnel, Government engineers, the boat builders, and systems integrators for over 110 NSW RIBs and 12 SOCRs. 5) Engineering/System Engineering/Planning Support AMTI personnel draft and manage execution of complex systems integration and developmental testing for both NSW RIB and SOCR. Current developmental testing efforts managed by AMTI personnel include an improved deck mobility, welldeck launch, and external-airlift system for NSW RIB, mast-mounted FLIR for NSW RIB or SOCR, and (under a separate contract) a Remote Operated Small Arms Mount (ROSAM) for the Mk V Special Operations Craft. 6) Warfare and Systems Analysis/Assessment Support AMTI personnel participated in detailed operational requirements analysis and specification development for the NSW RIB, SOCR, Integrated Bridge System (IBS), and the (new program) Mk VI Special Operations Craft. 7) Cost and Affordability analysis AMTI personnel contribute operational, developmental, and test expertise to combatant craft life cycle cost estimating, historical data collection, parametric/analogous/engineering cost estimating, cost performance trade offs, cost risk assessment, force structure costing. 5) Acceptance Testing/Developmental Testing AMTI s continuing and successful record of acceptance and developmental testing for combatant craft as part of the USSOCOM CCPMO played a significant contributing role in CCPMO winning a Packard Award for NSW RIB, and a Packard Award for SOCR. AMTI s proven depth and breadth of operational and developmental experience, combined with a solid track-record in rigorous requirements analysis and specification development with testable performance requirements will provide the Government with a significant advantage in beginning the new Mk VI program. AMTI provides Acceptance Test Reports for NSW RIB and SOCR; Developmental Test Plans for NSW RIB and SOCR; Developmental Test Reports for NSW RIB, SOCR, and (under separate contract) ROSAM, and participates in Requirements Analysis and Specification Development for NSW RIB, SOCR, and (under separate contract) ROSAM.
Zone: 2 National Capital N655236-99-D-7824, DO# 45 GS-07F-0134L/GS10TR02EBF0591 8/13/01 12/31/02 Support to PMS395 Deep Submergence Systems Program Office Relevant Functional Areas: 3.2, 3.5, 3.8, 3.9, 3.11, 3.12, 3.14, and 3.20 Development of SOF equipment and ordnance stowage plans and supporting procedures/technical manuals. Assisting with the development of the Advanced SEAL Delivery System (ASDS) Test and Evaluation Master Plan (TEMP). Liaise with USSOCOM, NAVSPECWARCOM, and Naval Ordnance Safety and Security Activity (NOSSA), NSWC Crane, and End-Users for equipment and ordnance certification for use on submarines and Deep Submergence Systems (DSS). Represent NAVSEA PMS395 as a Sitting Weapons System Explosives Safety Review Board (WSESRB) member for all issues pertaining to SOF and Submarines. 2) Engineering/System Engineering/Planning Support - acted as the government lead for carry-on hardware interface issues for SOF unique Deep Submergence Systems (DSS) (ASDS and DDS). (i.e., SOF mission equipment, man-packed radios, SAHRV, HRLMD, SOF ordnance, etc.); verified drawings, testing, and technical information packets to ensure compliance with overarching directives. 3) System Design Documentation and Technical Data Support - Developed procedures for break-out and set-up of SOF ordnance on 688 Class submarines; developed procedures and stowage plan for SSN21 Class submarines; reviewed and assisted in the development of VIRGINIA Class and SSN23 OD44979 SOF Supplement; responsible for maintaining database of SOF equipment and ordnance certified for deployment from submarines and SOF unique DSS (ASDS and DDS). 4) System Safety Engineering Support lead technical reviewer for the government for all Hazard Forms on ordnance safety issues relating to stowage and build-up of SOF ordnance on current and future submarines; review all Hazard Forms relating to tactical employment of SEALs/SOF from submarines. 5) Interoperability, Test and Evaluation, Trials Support - coordinated and developed test plans for qualification of SOF ordnance for deployment from submarines; developed and coordinated review of ASDS Test and Evaluation Master Plan (TEMP) through CNO review; assisted in the coordination of the Operational Evaluation (OPEVAL) of ASDS, acting as the liaison between PMS395, Fleet (SDVT-1), and OPTEVFOR; responsible for coordinating resource allocation in support of ASDS OPEVAL. 6) Program Support - represented PMS395A2 on the Weapons System Explosives Safety Review Board (WSESRB) for submarine safety and SOF subject matter expertise for new acquisition ordnance and submarine programs (i.e. VIRGINIA Class, SSN23, and SSGN). AMTI is under contract to deliver: monthly, interim, and final report; review government operational test plans and reports; concepts of operation and employment; requirements and acquisition documentation IAW FARs; tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTP) for employment of SOF from submersible platforms; on behalf of the government, review technical drawings and requirements documentation to ensure contract compliance.
Zone: 2 National Capital N655236-99-D-7824, DO# 45 GS-07F-0134L/GS10TR02EBF0591 8/13/01 12/31/02 Support to PMS395 Deep Submergence Systems Program Office Relevant Functional Areas: 3.2, 3.5, 3.8, 3.9, 3.11, 3.12, 3.14, and 3.20 Development of SOF equipment and ordnance stowage plans and supporting procedures/technical manuals. Assisting with the development of the Advanced SEAL Delivery System (ASDS) Test and Evaluation Master Plan (TEMP). Liaise with USSOCOM, NAVSPECWARCOM, and Naval Ordnance Safety and Security Activity (NOSSA), NSWC Crane, and End-Users for equipment and ordnance certification for use on submarines and Deep Submergence Systems (DSS). Represent NAVSEA PMS395 as a Sitting Weapons System Explosives Safety Review Board (WSESRB) member for all issues pertaining to SOF and Submarines. 7) Engineering/System Engineering/Planning Support - acted as the government lead for carry-on hardware interface issues for SOF unique Deep Submergence Systems (DSS) (ASDS and DDS). (i.e., SOF mission equipment, man-packed radios, SAHRV, HRLMD, SOF ordnance, etc.); verified drawings, testing, and technical information packets to ensure compliance with overarching directives. 8) System Design Documentation and Technical Data Support - Developed procedures for break-out and set-up of SOF ordnance on 688 Class submarines; developed procedures and stowage plan for SSN21 Class submarines; reviewed and assisted in the development of VIRGINIA Class and SSN23 OD44979 SOF Supplement; responsible for maintaining database of SOF equipment and ordnance certified for deployment from submarines and SOF unique DSS (ASDS and DDS). 9) System Safety Engineering Support lead technical reviewer for the government for all Hazard Forms on ordnance safety issues relating to stowage and build-up of SOF ordnance on current and future submarines; review all Hazard Forms relating to tactical employment of SEALs/SOF from submarines. 10) Interoperability, Test and Evaluation, Trials Support - coordinated and developed test plans for qualification of SOF ordnance for deployment from submarines; developed and coordinated review of ASDS Test and Evaluation Master Plan (TEMP) through CNO review; assisted in the coordination of the Operational Evaluation (OPEVAL) of ASDS, acting as the liaison between PMS395, Fleet (SDVT-1), and OPTEVFOR; responsible for coordinating resource allocation in support of ASDS OPEVAL. 11) Program Support - represented PMS395A2 on the Weapons System Explosives Safety Review Board (WSESRB) for submarine safety and SOF subject matter expertise for new acquisition ordnance and submarine programs (i.e. VIRGINIA Class, SSN23, and SSGN). AMTI is under contract to deliver: monthly, interim, and final report; review government operational test plans and reports; concepts of operation and employment; requirements and acquisition documentation IAW FARs; tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTP) for employment of SOF from submersible platforms; on behalf of the government, review technical drawings and requirements documentation to ensure contract compliance.
Zones: 2, 5, 6 Capital Region, Midwest, Southwest N68786-01-C-301/03-004 12/15/02 09/30/04 Naval Special Warfare (NSW) Advanced Technology Demonstration (ATD) Relevant Functional Areas: 3.5, 3.10, 3.12, 3.14, 3.16, 3.17, 3.18, 3.20 and 3.21 1) Provided rapid procurements and distribution of recently developed Commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) and DTRA-developed chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear (CBRN) equipment. Tasks included: Reviewed and assessed user CBRN equipment shortfalls with reference to relevance and effectiveness Identified equipment discrepancies and provided alternatives for user approval Executed a streamlined procurement process to acquire commercially available CBRN equipment Provided a controlled storage site with the capability to receive, assemble and distribute CBRN systems to users. Provide state of the art asset tracking and accountability 2) Provided user training and familiarization on all CBRN procured equipment Developed student lesson training plans and instructor guides Assisted with Tactics, Techniques and Procedures (TTP) refinement and Concept of Operations (CONOP) development. Provided basic, intermediate and advanced CBRN response training 3) Developed equipment demonstrations and operational scenarios to establish system performance requirements Determined scenario fidelity to meet current operational capabilities Designed and constructed CBRN targets to specific to user Areas of Operation (AOR) Provided role players and OPFOR as required 4) Provided multi media documentation of equipment training and FTX/JTX ATD demonstrations Provided after action briefs and comments Provide Computer based training materials Provided specialized video and audio documentation Provided video support of instrumentation for tests and evaluations AMTI is under contract to deliver: monthly, interim, and final reports; secure storage of acquired CBRN equipment; requirements and acquisition documentation IAW FARs; design and development of Advanced Technology Demonstrations (ATD) in conjunction with Field/Joint Training Exercises; raw video for training feedback; highlights video for Squadron orientation and training; lesson plans and lesson training guides.
Zones: 2, 3, and 7 National Capital, Mid-Atlantic, and Northwest N68786-01-C-3010/03-004 1/1/03 9/30/04 DTRA Special Operations Forces Venture (SOF Venture); a chemical-biological warfare technology development program Relevant Functional Areas: 3.2, 3.4, 3.5, 3.7, 3.9, 3.10, 3.11, 3.16, 3.18, 3.19, 3.20 and 3.21 rapid research and analysis of technologies related to the counter-proliferation of WMD and to counter terrorism activity; this includes program management to develop, rapidly prototype, operationally test, field, and support equipment field exercises to develop and/or demonstrate and evaluate performance of a system, tactic, technique, or procedure; also to develop or validate concepts of operation or employment chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, explosive (CBRNE) defeat, defense, and protection systems and assessments systems engineering and integration of equipment, concepts, plans, tests, exercises, and materiel capture, analysis, and documentation of end users required capabilities; transition to program activities and management focused assistance to Special Operations Forces (SOF), first responders, and Interagency community regarding CBRNE technology proofs of concept, rapid prototyping, development and fielding 2) Engineering/System Engineering/Planning Support - detailed front end analyses (FEA), studies, and plans for Naval Special Warfare (NSW), Joint Service, SOF, and first responders programs/systems covering: requirements, threats, system architectures, system engineering, system/component selection and tradeoff (performance, cost, design, operational), system interface/interoperability, OT&E, Program Management/Acquisition. 3) Warfare and Systems Analysis/Assessment Support -analysis and assessment of programs/systems covering such areas as requirements, functional, threats, cost and affordability, performance, technical feasibility, operational effectiveness. 4) Cost and Affordability analysis - cost and affordability of programs/systems covering such areas as life cycle cost estimating, historical data collection, cost performance trade offs, CER development, cost model development, cost risk assessment, force structure costing. 5) Operational Test and Evaluation; Early User Evaluation scenario and script writing; test site set-up and supervision; test plan-results capture-video documentation-report writing; developed and executed plans for testing and evaluating CBRNE sensors and detectors; test bed planning, evaluation, and transition to operational capabilities; established-operated hard target defeat test ranges, incorporating sensor and detector exploitation; conduct largescale field exercises to validate systems and concepts. (Optional) AMTI is under contract to deliver: monthly, interim, and final reports; lab and operational test plans and reports; concepts of operation and employment; requirements and acquisition documentation IAW FARs; tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTP) for employment of the CBRNE sensor technologies; BAAs, market surveys, front end analyses, and early user test and evaluation reports to support R&D and rapid prototyping.
Zone: 2 National Capital GS10F0324M 6/1/02 9/30/04 Dept of Homeland Security (DHS), Office of Domestic Preparedness (ODP) Emergency Response Exercise TOP OFFICIALS 2 Relevant Functional Areas: 3.11, 3,12, 3.16, 3.18, 3.20 and 3.21 emergency response training and exercises for first responders; tabletop thru full-scale exercises for Naval Special Warfare, Joint Service, and Interagency organizations. field exercises and support to early user tests and evaluation to develop and/or demonstrate and evaluate performance of a system, tactic, technique, or procedure; develop or validate concepts of operation or employment; conduct military utility assessments (MUA). security vulnerability studies and analysis. chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, explosive (CBRNE) detection, defeat, defense, and protection systems and assessments. intelligence research and analysis; integration of intelligence into exercise scenarios; unique Red Cell opposition force capability rapid research and analysis of technologies related to the counter-proliferation of WMD and to counter terrorism activity; this includes program management to develop, rapidly prototype, operationally test, field, and support equipment capture, analysis, and documentation of end users required capabilities; transition to program activities and management. 2) Administration & Program Management. Implement administrative & program management procedures to include: 1) general administrative and financial management control system, 2) conduct quality control of product deliverables, 3) oversee all planning and coordination conferences, 4) provide IT and ESP website management, 5) provide support to interagency working groups, and 6)provide contract administration, 7) develop & implement government and commercial solicitation support plan. 3) Exercise Planning, Coordination, Conduct and Evaluation. Scenario research, intelligence integration, and script writing; MSEL & PROFLOW Development-complete PROFLOW & MSEL inject development which includes the development of a MSEL database system to integrate, review and sequence all injects; EXPLAN Development; ADLE Support-provide administrative, logistical and SME support to develop, coordinate and execute a 3 day exercise. Support includes development of: 1) plans & concepts, 2) presentation materials, 3) invitations, 4) AAR & surveys. Collect all result data including evaluations; formulate presentation methodology; write, publish, present final reports including critiques and recommended courses of action. AMTI is under contract to deliver: a National full-scale exercise for DHS-ODP with National security implications; exercise planning documents including scenario, MESL, PRO-FLOW, ADLE, IPRs, Senior-level Seminars, all exercise manuals (admin, conduct, data collection, logs, evaluation, reporting) and tools; monthly, interim, and final reports; documentation of operational concepts (CONOPs), tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTP) for employment of CBRNE sensor technologies and early detection systems.
Zones: 2 and 1 National Capital, Northeast NXXXXX-01-C-3010 1/16/02 10/30/03 Technical Support Working Group (TSWG) Communications Relevant Functional Areas: 3.9, 3.11, 3.17, 3.18, 3.20 and 3.21 1) Systems Analysis/Assessment Support - AMTI was selected by Technical Support Working Group (TSWG) to conduct an assessment of United States Secret Service (USSS) and United States Park Police (USPP) Communications onboard a helicopter supporting NCA movement within the National Capitol Region (NCR). AMTI conducted the following assessment and implemented solutions: Conducted system level engineering assessment of two different variants of helicopters from the handset to the antenna. This assessment focused on communications from the perspective of the agent operating the organic communications systems onboard the helicopter. The following task were accomplished: 1. Agent communications requirements assessment 2. Radio frequency band requirements vs.- system capacity 3. RF performance verification of antenna systems 4. Intercommunications system physical connectivity to agent (helmet, microphone) and system electrical performance evaluation 5. Operational scenario evaluation against stated communications requirements 6. Development of recommended Plan of Action to resolve identified issues 2. Systems Development, Engineering Analysis and Manufacturing - Analysis and assessment of the current systems required the design, development and manufacturing of a man portable system to support agents. The Carry on Communications System allows the agent to communicate from any helicopter on frequencies required in support of operational requirements. Design and manufacturing of the Carry on communications system required the following engineering task: 1. RF system performance assessment 2. Developed technical specification documents 3. Designed and manufactured Printed Circuit Boards (PCB) 4. ECM assessment and evaluation 5. Designed and manufactured mechanical housing and interfaces for carry on communications system 6. Conducted system integration design, specification and form, fit and test on multiple helicopter platforms 7. Developed training plan and trained government personnel in the operation and maintenance of the system AMTI provided detailed system analysis documents, system performance specifications, and engineering plan to resolve deficiencies. Designed, fabricated and delivered multiple Carry on Communications Packages.
Zones: 2, 6 National Capital, Southwest GS-10F-0324M 10 Oct 03-30 Sep 04 AFOTEC, Detachment 5, Technical Test & Evaluation Support contract for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV); specifically R&D, acquisition, OT&E, fielding, and sustainment of the Predator series of UAVs; Predator Operational Training Program; and Operational Development and Support Program Relevant Functional Areas: 3.1, 3.2, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6, 3.7, 3.8, 3.9, 3.10, 3.11, 3.14, 3.16, 3.17, 3.18, 3.19, 3.20 and 3.21 rapid research and analysis of technologies related to unmanned systems and systems support; emphasis has been on UAV technologies, operation, training, and support; this includes program management to develop, operationally test, field, and support equipment. field exercises to develop and/or demonstrate and evaluate performance of a system, tactic, technique, or procedure; also to develop or validate concepts of operation or employment systems engineering and integration of equipment, concepts, plans, tests, exercises, and materiel focused assistance to Special Operations Forces (SOF), the USAF and the Interagency community (FBI, CIA, NGA), i.e., the ultimate user 2) Engineering/System Engineering/Planning Support - detailed front end analyses (FEA), studies, and plans for Naval Special Warfare (NSW), Joint Service and SOF programs/systems covering: requirements, threats, system architectures, system engineering, system/component selection and tradeoff (performance, cost, design, operational), system interface/interoperability, OT&E, Program Management/Acquisition. 3) UAV Operational Training: AMTI developed the original Predator Operational Training Curriculum, much of which is in use today. We continue to develop a number of training curricula which includes everything from printed syllabi and classroom material to CBT (Computer Based Training). AMTI has experience in developing educational training materials, and conducting platform instruction, simulator instruction, and flight instruction. We have also developed training requirements to meet expanding UAV capabilities. 4) UAV Operational Test & Evaluation under Title 10 regulations as well as Force Development Evaluation (FDE) and Quick Reaction Capabilities (QRC) processes. AMTI supported initial weaponization of Predator with Hellfire Missile integration. AMTI s technical support includes test management and direction; the development of requirements documentation, T&E Master Plan (TEMP), CONOP/CONEMP, STAR threat statement, Test Resources Plan (TRP), Test Concept, Scenario, mission sortie plan, OT&E plan, risk analysis for TRB/SRB, data collection plan, test execution, data collection, data reduction and detailed analysis and final report writing. We also provide systems integration planning, rapid prototyping (for QRC s), test team training, training evaluation, tactical employment development and evaluation, long range strategic planning, ATO integration, and Airspace management & coordination. AMTI has also supported a number of DT (Developmental Test) efforts to include systems such as CCAS (UAV delivered chemical sniffer (FINDER), MQ-9 (Predator-B) initial testing and weapons integration, etc. AMTI is under contract to deliver: professional training classes to Government users; all class room and field training services including curriculum and instructional materials; monthly, interim, and final reports; concepts of operation and employment; requirements and acquisition documentation IAW FARs; tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTP) for employment of unmanned vehicles including the Predator series of UAVs.