Session IV Integrated Support Center for Nuclear Nonproliferation and Nuclear Security () Nuclear Security Centers of Excellence in Northeast Asia Kazuko HAMADA Integrated Support Center for Nuclear Nonproliferation and Nuclear Security () Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) COUNCIL FOR SECURITY COOPERATION IN THE ASIA PACIFIC Nuclear Energy Experts Group Meeting (NEEG) Da Lat, Vietnam November 11 12, 2013
Background of the Establishment of Integrated Support Center for Nuclear Nonproliferation and Nuclear Security () Established in accordance with Japan s National Statement at 2010 Nuclear Security Summit Establish an integrated support center for nuclear nonproliferation and nuclear security in the Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) to contribute to strengthening nuclear security in Asia and other regions On December 27, 2010, was established in JAEA. It started its fullscale activities in JFY2011. Prime minister Noda s Speech at 2012 Nuclear Security Summit In particular, through our "Integrated Support Centre for Nuclear Non proliferation and Nuclear Security" established in late 2010, Japan will expand its hosting and training of human resources. 1
Missions of JAEA & JAEA s Missions JAEA is the only comprehensive research & development agency in Japan and is missioned to mobilize technological expertise to support not only peaceful use of nuclear energy but also the enhancement of nuclear nonproliferation & security. Japan s National Statement at 2010 NSS Establish in the JAEA to contribute to strengthening nuclear security in Asia and other regions s Missions JAEA/ is not a regulator, but is a provider of technical support for the government to promote its policy for nuclear nonproliferation and nuclear security. JAEA/ is entrusted to lead Japan s efforts to enhance nuclear nonproliferation & security regimes worldwide. 2
Activity Focuses: Three Main Support Activities Three Main Support Activities for N. Nonproliferation & Security 1. Capacity building assistance through human resource development including training and education Nuclear security course Safeguards and SSAC* course (* State system of accounting for & control of NM) International nonproliferation framework course 2. Assistance for infrastructure development Legal & regulatory infrastructure development 3. Technology development and support Demonstration of a Spent Fuel Pu NDA System (Japan US joint) Development of Nuclear Resonance Fluorescence NDA Technology (Japan US joint) Alternative to He3 Neutron Detection Technology Neutron Resonance Densitometry using NRTA (Neutron Resonance Transmission Analysis) and NRCA (Neutron Resonance Capture Analysis) R&D on Nuclear Forensics 3
Cooperation with Domestic/Foreign Organizations Structure of cooperation with domestic/foreign organizations FNCA Asian countries ROK, China Domestic private businesses Cooperation US DOE/NNSA EC/JRC Technology cooperation Exchange of lecturers Assistance, Contribution Cooperation Technology cooperation Sending Experts Assistance, Contribution International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Technological assistance Technological support for nonproliferation policy and cooperation Technological assistance Nuclear Material Control Center, JNES MEXT Related Ministries (Cabinet Office, MOFA, METI,NRA) Domestic/foreign organizations 4
Capacity Building Assistance through Human Resource Development Including Training and Education Objective To help ensure that all existing nuclear material is used exclusively for peaceful purposes and is used sufficiently protected against theft and sabotage through: Knowledge sharing, Experience sharing, and Hands on training for state system of accounting for and control of nuclear material (SSAC) and physical protection of nuclear material. Needs Oriented Approach: Different Target Participants for Different Programs International/Regional Course Bilateral Support & Multilateral Initiatives (APSN, FNCA, etc.) Domestic Course 5
Nuclear Security Course Physical Protection RTC for Physical Protection for Nuclear Material and Facilities Workshop in NSS13 (INFCIRC/225/Rev.5) Physical Protection Detection System Performance Testing PP Inspector Training Nuclear Security Culture WINS Workshop IAEA/JAEA Regional Workshop on Nuclear Security Culture Bilateral Cooperation Seminar on Nuclear Security Others <For Effective Learning> Lectures Group Exercises Needs oriented courses to targeted participants Domestic, International and Bilateral courses PP Exercise Field Virtual Reality System Activity Results of 2011-October 2013 Total 700 participants to 23 courses 6
Training Field for Physical Protection System (1) Intrusion detection exercise area, (2) Entry control exercise area (3) Fence demonstration area, (4) Performance assessment area, (5) Mock CAS room PP Fence Gate Monitoring and tracking Camera IR sensor Monitoring and tracking Camera Microwave sensor 7
Virtual Reality System (CAVE System) Enhance effectiveness of the training: difficult to conduct nuclear security training using real facilities Provide a practical training environment for experience oriented and interactive lessons on nuclear security through a virtual experience of observing the inside/outside of a nuclear facility Learning the characteristics of a facility and its physical elements by examining a three dimensional view of the facility Learning skills for handling contingency in a virtual central alarm station camera sensors Verify monitoring functions and image features of cameras and sensors metal detection Verify installation and functions of security tools 8
Status of Nuclear Security Courses Physical Protection Nuclear Seurity Culture Bilateral Cooperation Title of Program (Training Course/Workshop/Seminar) RTC for PP for Nuclear Material and Facilities Workshop on NSS 13 (INFCIRC/225/Rev.5) Physical Protection Detection System Performance Testing PP Inspector Training WINS Workshop IAEA/JAEA Regional Workshop on Nuclear Security Culture Seminar on Nuclear Security Mode of Cooperation Year Participants Train the Trainer 2011 29 International 2011 28 Domestic 2012 38 International 2012 31 International 2013 29 International 2011 40 Domestic 2011 87 International 2012 20 International 2013 18 Train the Trainer 2013 18 Domestic 2012 4 Domestic 2012 13 Domestic 2013 24 Domestic 2012 50 Domestic 2012 63 Domestic 2013 69 International 2012 29 Vietnam 2011 25 Kazakhstan 2012 18 Lithuania 2013 23 Others 44 Total 700 9
Safeguards and SSAC Course International Training Course (ITC) on SSAC International Safeguards, its framework, requirements, method and technic Nuclear Material Accounting and Control (Record/ Report) Additional Protocol(declaration /CA) Safeguards experience of countries Establishment and maintenance of national system. IAEA Inspector Training Safeguards in Reprocessing Plants DCVD Training for Spent Fuel Verification Bilateral Cooperation Workshop & Seminar on the Additional Protocol (AP) Declarations SG Training <For Effective Learning> ITC Lectures ITC Exercises Needs oriented courses to targeted participants International and Bilateral Activity Results of 2011 June 2013 Total 177 participants to 9 courses Reprocessing Plant training DCVD training 10
Status of Safeguards and SSAC Courses Title of Program (Training Course/Workshop/Seminar) Mode of Cooperation Year Participants Bilateral ITC for SSAC Safeguard Training for IAEA Workshop on Additional Protocol Declaration Training on SSAC for Vietnamese Inspectors Seminar on Additional Protocol (AP), Workshop on AP Declaration International Training Course on State Systems of Accounting for and Control of Nuclear Material Pilot Training Course on Safeguards in Reprocessing Plants(for Inspectors) DCVD Training for Spent Fuel Verification(for Inspectors) Safeguarding reprocessing facilities and activities Vietnam 2011 16 Vietnam 2012 18 Domestic 2012 9 Malaysia 2013 57 International 2011 22 International 2012 25 IAEA 2012 9 IAEA 2012 12 IAEA 2013 9 Total: 177 11
International Nonproliferation Framework Course Seminar on Peaceful Uses of Nuclear Energy and Nuclear Nonproliferation, Security Objectives (1)Share the understanding among the all relevant parties of the importance to ensure nuclear nonproliferation and nuclear security for benefiting from peaceful uses of nuclear energy; (2)Review the international nuclear nonproliferation and nuclear security regime and understand its components and required national systems, including legal instruments, regulatory capacity, and human resource development; and (3)To identify elements for possible cooperation plan between targeted state and Japan for the enhancement of nuclear nonproliferation and nuclear security. Activity Results of 2011 June 2013 Total 393 participants to 10 courses 12
Status of International Nonproliferation Framework course No. Title of Program (Training Course/Workshop/Seminar) Seminar on Peaceful Uses of Nuclear 1 Energy and Nuclear Nonproliferation Seminar on Peaceful Uses of Nuclear 2 Energy and Nuclear Nonproliferation Seminar on Peaceful Uses of Nuclear 3 Energy and Nuclear Nonproliferation Seminar on Nuclear Non proliferation 4 and Nuclear Security for EVN Seminar on Peaceful uses of Nuclear 5 Energy and Nonproliferation International Conference of Activities 6 Review and Future Cooperation Seminar on Peaceful uses of Nuclear 7 Energy and Nonproliferation Seminar on Peaceful uses of Nuclear 8 Energy and Nonproliferation ACE-/JAEA Seminar on Peaceful 9 Use of Nuclear Energy, Seminar on Meeting Challenges of 10 Nuclear Security and Nonproliferation Domestic/ Bilateral/ International Venue Duration Participants Remarks Bilateral Kazakhstan 2011/6/7-8 28 Bilateral Mongol 2011/8/9-10 28 Bilateral Malaysia 2012/2/8-9 38 Bilateral Japan 2012/3/13-14 10 Bilateral Mongol 2012/9/4-5 34 Bilateral Vietnam 2012/11/20 51 Bilateral Jordan 2013/1/29-30 96 Bilateral Turkey 2013/2/19-20 45 International Vietnam 2013/6/4-5 31 Bilateral Lithuania 2013/06/18 32 Total 393 for Vietnamese Others Title of Program No. (Training Course/Workshop/Seminar) IAEA Consultancy Meeting on Nuclear 1 Forensic FNCA Workshop on Nuclear Security 2 and Safeguards Project Physical Protection Exercise for 3 Unversity Student Physical Protection Exercise for 4 Unversity Student Educational Program 2013 Japan 5 Nuclear Facilities Experience Domestic/ Bilateral/ International Venue Duration Participants Remarks International Japan 2012/1/16-19 19 International Japan 2012/2/22-24 27 Japanese:10 Japanese Domestic Japan 2012/9/19-21 12 only Japanese Domestic Japan 2013/3/26-28 7 only International Japan 2013/4/7-12 13 Total 78 13
Status of s Capacity Building Support Activity Results of 2011 October 2013 Total 1317 participants in 43 courses Course Topic International vs. Domestic Course Style 14
Regional Collaboration and Harmonization Regional network INSEN International Nuclear Security Education Network NSSCs International Network for Nuclear Security Training & Support Centers Information exchange on each training course and curriculum Exchange of lecturers Joint training and outreach Joint curriculum development Sharing training materials (JAPAN) in active Integrated Support Center for Nuclear NP & NS INSA (ROK) 2014 Feb.~ International Nuclear Security Academy SNSTC (China)2016~? State Nuclear Security Technology Center CBRN CoE South East Asia APSN (Asia Pacific Safeguards Network) FNCA (Forum for Nuclear Cooperation in Asia) Other COEs and NSSCs 15
Workshop on Nuclear Security Centers of Excellence in Asia: Harmonization and Nexus ROK: Kwan-Kyoo Choe China: Xu Yenhua Japan: Masao Senzaki IAEA: Tim Andrews USA: Martie Larson EC: Adreaan V.d. Meer Amb. S.I.b. Yaakob, Malaysia Amb. Toshio Ozawa, PMJ Date: 12:40 13:50, July 3, 2013 Venue: Conference Room in PMJ (24th floor, Andromeda Tower, Vienna) Co organized by:, the Vienna Center for Disarmament and Non Proliferation (VCDNP), and the Permanent Mission of Japan to the International Organizations in Vienna (PMJ) Participants: Total 161 participants The workshop addressed the roles of regional nuclear security centers and possible areas of cooperation in order to enhance regional nuclear security in Asia. Given the increasing energy demand in developing Asian countries and needs of nuclear energy, human resource development for peaceful use of nuclear energy and nuclear nonproliferation is essential in the region. Trainings and educational programs in the area of nuclear security is thus important for Asia and regional nuclear security centers have important roles in this regard. Utilizing and sharing the centers knowledge, skills and resources, regional centers would cooperate for effective enhancement of regional nuclear security. 16
Reference Material
International nonproliferation framework course Bilateral Cooperation Developments with Partners Vietnam 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Thailand Indonesia AP Ratification CPPNM & Amendment Ratification Kazakhstan Mongolia Malaysia Jordan NPSTC activities Turkey ASEAN Center for Energy Lithuania :Meeting or Need survey activities :Seminar おお 2 お :Workshop 18
Technology Research and Development Measurement and Detection of Nuclear Material has been conducting research and development on the following technologies of detection and measurement of nuclear material for nuclear security and safeguards. 1. Demonstration of a Spent Fuel Pu NDA System (Japan US joint) 2. Development of Nuclear Resonance Fluorescence NDA Technology (Japan US joint) 3. Alternative to 3 He neutron detection technology using ZnS/B 2 O 3 ceramic scintillator. 4. Neutron Resonance Densitometry using NRTA (Neutron Resonance Transmission Analysis) and NRCA (Neutron Resonance Capture Analysis)
Technology Research and Development Measurement and Detection of Nuclear Material 1. Demonstration of a Spent Fuel Pu NDA System (Japan US joint) Expected outcome Accurate measurement of the amount of Pu in spent fuel Time of completion During JFY2013 2. Development of Nuclear Resonance Fluorescence NDA Technology (Japan US joint) Expected outcome Detection of fuel pin removal in spent fuel, realization of reliable detection of nuclear material that is covered with shield Possible application of accounting for and control of nuclear material for melted fuel at Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station Time of completion During JFY2013 (basic demonstration) Energy Recovery Linac (350 MeV) γ rays generation (2.143MeV for Pu 239) γ ray beam pipe spent fuel assembly γ ray detectors 3. Alternative to He3 Neutron Detection Technology Expected outcome Solving shortage of neutron detectors for nuclear security and safeguards Time of completion During JFY2013 Pu analysis system
4. Neutron Resonance Densitometry using NRTA (Neutron Resonance Transmission Analysis) and NRCA (Neutron Resonance Capture Analysis) Detection of nuclear material Precise measurements of nuclear material isotopes In thin disc type container. Pulsed Neutron Source Neutron Moderator Measurement of neutron capture gamma-rays (by TOF) Neutron Shielding Material Paraffin contained 6 Li Samples Measurement of transmitted neutrons(by TOF) Neutron Detector Pneumatic Transfer Tube Pulsed Neutrons Sample Changer Accelerator Pulsed Neutron Source φ10 43( cm ) Neutron Reflector and Shielding Material Gamma-rays Detectors (LaBr3) 6 units Sample Guide Tube Sample Measurement Cell Pneumatic Transfer Tube (Note)TOF; Time-of-Flight Energies of neutrons interrogated on the samples by the time T (with setting time of generation of pulsed neutrons as the origin of time) of detection of neutron capture gamma-rays or transmitted neutrons is given as E=1/2m(L/T) 2, where L is the length of flight. Velocity (V) of the neutron which made nuclear reactions generating gamma-rays detected at time T is given by V=L/T. 21
R&D on Nuclear Forensics The following three activities will be implemented in cooperation with the U.S. DOE and EC/JRC Uranium Age Dating Measurements(US&EC) Procedure exchange Procedure review and experimental design Age dating inter laboratory comparison exercise Morphology analysis 2 m m Nuclear Fuel Characterization(US) Information exchange for analytical chemistry characterization procedure Feasibility study (NM exchange, comparative measurement results, etc.) Nuclear Forensics Libraries(US) Study of materials for inclusion into Japanese national nuclear forensics library development of a national nuclear forensics library Dissolution Chemical analysis Chemical separation TEM ICP MS TIMS Isotope ratio analysis 22
Thank you for your attention Please visit our website! http://www.jaea.go.jp/04/iscn/index_en.html Integrated Support Center for Nuclear Nonproliferation and Nuclear Security Japan Atomic Energy Agency 3 1 1 Funaishikawa Eki Higashi, Tokai mura, Naka gun, Ibaraki, 319 1118 JAPAN Tel/Fax: +81 29 283 4115 Integrated Support Center for Nuclear Nonproliferation and Nuclear Security 23