TERMS OF REFERENCE THE DEVELOPMENT OF TRAINING FOR WASH CLUSTER PARTNERS IN THE DEVELOPMENT & DESIGN OF KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE, PRACTICE SURVEYS IN THE OCCUPIED PALESTINIAN TERRITORY. Summary Title Purpose Expected Cost Location Duration Start Date Reporting to WASH Household Knowledge, Attitude, Practice Survey Training Develop and deliver training for Knowledge Attitude & Practice (KAP) Surveys to WASH cluster partners as a means for formulating and reviewing projects and programs. L3 Level East Jerusalem with travel to Gaza and West Bank 15 working days June 2012 (flexible depending on consultant availability between June-July 2012) WASH Cluster Coordinator Background: The Wash Cluster approach was activated in the occupied Palestinian Territory, (opt) in January 2009, for coordination of urgent humanitarian response to the populations affected by the Israeli Operation Cast Lead in Gaza. UNICEF, the designated Global WASH Cluster Lead has assumed its responsibility as the WASH Cluster Lead Agency in opt to provide technical support, coordination and capacity building for approximately 59 partners in both Gaza and West Bank. WASH cluster partners focus on both emergency activities such as; rebuilding damaged infrastructure from incursions, attacks and demolitions, providing emergency water supply during water scarce months, increasing water storage capability and emergency sanitation. The primary focus is largely based on a set of pre-programmed post-emergency (3-12 months) early recovery activities such as; improving water and wastewater network supplies, installing and rehabilitating sanitation units at household and at schools, improving water quality through the supply of water treatment units at household level and in schools. This is coupled with hygiene awareness and promotion activities both at household level and for school children. These activities aim to build resilience, reduce dependence from external (humanitarian) providers, improve the quality of life and public health conditions through the installation of basic yet durable WASH services for both the refugee and non-refugee populations in the opt. In other global disaster responses, after a concerted level of humanitarian support over a period of time, beneficiary numbers reduce exponentially as communities become more resilience and services are reinstated. However, even though there has been a consistent level of humanitarian support to the beneficiaries (in conjunction with the Palestinian Authorities) due to the protracted crisis within opt. the beneficiary numbers continue to fluctuate and, on occasion, grow in relation to the changing situation. As a result of the blockade in Gaza, and an ever reducing scope for development in Area C, there have been numerous comprehensive technical assessments and reports with recommendations regarding the plight of communities. However these have focused more on the gaps and needs relating to hardware installations, whilst 1
recording the extent of community s hygiene awareness, is as yet not implemented by all agencies. With the changing and challenging humanitarian demands due to the political and physical constraints, communities quality of life and status can alter rapidly and radically. It is therefore pertinent to have a level of baseline information that can enable precise prioritisation of vulnerable groups and communities. Understanding communities knowledge and the link between hygiene, health and how diseases are perpetuated, also provides the humanitarian community with an understanding of how to respond. Equally, pre and post monitoring that measures the impact of assistance and whether the needs have been met, along with the extent of resilience provided as a result of the interventions, and the communities understanding and coping mechanisms, are an important indicator of change and improvement. Gaging the situation and impact on a periodic basis can assist towards further identification of needs, (resources and capacity building measures), can measure trends, encapsulate lessons learnt and improved formulation of programs. In such a complex political emergency monitoring altering humanitarian needs is imperative to providing the correct support and advocacy. Considering the distinct nature and ensuing gravity of the impact of the blockade and restrictive permit procedures this has had on beneficiaries and WASH actors in West Bank and Gaza, the forthcoming CAP 2012 focused on key vulnerability indicators that would be uniform for both regions. Infrastructural support focused on water availability (consumption), water quality, (from source, network, vendors and at household level), water storage, and sanitation. Hygiene and protection now play a more pivotal role as part of the key indicators to address the growing concerns for Palestinians to attain a basic level of quality and access to water and sanitation services that directly impacts upon their ability to maintain minimum hygiene standards and practices. The WASH cluster partners have individually and collectively conducted a number of assessments to ascertain the infrastructural gaps in WASH needs and priority areas of intervention. These assessments provide a snapshot in time, however there is little opportunity at present for reviewing progress of hygiene standards and reducing communicable diseases against set baseline data without uniform and regular monitoring surveys being undertaken. Rationale: Indicators used for assessing the effectiveness of WASH interventions are generalized around hardware activities which are more tangible and easily measured. However, hygiene promotion and awareness also plays a key role in many of the agencies programs, in both West bank and Gaza which are not so easily measureable. Hygiene promotion was included within 10% of all WASH activities in 2011, as agencies conducting around 1000 community workshops and over 5000 school hygiene workshops, as well as distributing 1800 hygiene kits. In the 2012 CAP all projects have a hygiene component and element of training or awareness raising. However, during the review and vetting of all projects, only 65% presented well thought out, measurable monitoring systems that included a participatory approach. Currently, measurement of hygiene awareness is largely scored on the basis of workshops or distribution of NFI s, however the changes in a household s or community s KAP are important to note as they provide the impetus for change and improvement in hygiene conditions as well as potentially lowering the opportunities for the spread of communicable diseases. A few agencies currently apply pre and 2
post project (KAP) surveys, however with a greater focus on hygiene awareness, promotion and resilience building in CAP 2012, agencies will be required to report on more quantifiable and measurable data for software components too. This will be represented in quarterly consolidated WASH reports (through the APIS tracking system) as well as notable changes highlighted in the mid and end of year reviews. In the recently consolidated CAP 2012, hygiene awareness and resilience building have been included as core output components. In order to program responses accordingly, a thorough understanding of a households or community s knowledge, attitude and practice and vulnerabilities and capacities is required. The 2012 CAP WASH strategic objective is to: Reduce morbidity due to water and excreta related communicable diseases. The outcomes and outputs created to structure and measure the above objective are: Outcomes: 1 Fulfilment of the fundamental human right 1 to improved access to safe, affordable, reliable drinking and domestic water supply, sanitation and hygiene services and facilities to most vulnerable communities in West Bank and Gaza. 2 Reduced risk of displaced populations from natural and human related disasters, through enhanced access and entitlements to essential WASH services and facilities for the vulnerable affected communities in West Bank and Gaza. Outputs: (For Outcome 1) 1. Improved quality of drinking water supplied to the most vulnerable groups and communities in opt. 2. Increased quantity of water supplies to vulnerable groups and communities in unserved / partially served areas of opt. 3. Increased awareness, knowledge and practices and improved and appropriate hygiene and sanitation facilities for the most vulnerable groups and communities in West Bank and Gaza. (For Outcome 2) 1. Capacity of vulnerable communities to respond to adverse environmental conditions resulted by natural or man-made disasters is strengthened 2. WASH Partners capacity for preparedness is reinforced The training would therefore provide a means to understand KAP at household level, develop programs as a result of generating better baseline understanding of households practices and monitor the impact of any programs and the overall status on public health situation as a result. The training will also help analyze what forms of media and communication are more effective in conveying hygiene promotion messages that influence and improve hygiene practices to meet the above objectives. 1 United Nations General Assembly of 28 July 2010 (GA 10967) Adopts Resolution Recognizing Access to Clean Water, Sanitation as Human Right: http://www.un.org/news/press/docs/2010/ga10967.doc.htm.. 3
Objectives: Main training objective are; To improve WASH partners knowledge in formulating and conducting KAP surveys to be able to draw upon trends, lessons learnt from qualitative information To understand how KAP studies can ensure improved participatory involvement for appropriate WASH programing Specific tasks: UNICEF is seeking a service provider engaged in humanitarian capacity building, for developing and delivering the module that responds to the learning needs. Service Provider will carry out the following tasks; Knowledge Attitude & Practice (KAP) Survey Training 1. Develop a comprehensive training package for practioners to include both theoretical examples of how to conduct KAP studies, as well as developing a set of practical training exercises to enable partners to understand how to analyse the data and produce trends etc. This was based on a learning review with partners in opt as well as through discussions with WASH cluster partners to ascertain their capacity building needs. 2. Conduct 2 trainings each of 3 days; one in both West Bank and Gaza City. Each training will focus on: a. Overview of how KAP surveys can be utilized; as a reporting mechanism, identifying trends, identifying lessons learnt, advocacy purposes, to ensure adherence to national and global accountability etc. b. Using KAP surveys for decision making and programming c. How to formulate KAP study team d. How to conduct representative sampling and conduct timely surveys, including pre-testing e. How to prepare a KAP database and questionnaires (practical) f. How to capture and make qualitative data measurable, including data cleaning and validation g. How to conduct and compare final (and where appropriate mid term) reviews with initial baseline results including accuracy using statistical percentiles (practical) h. How to conduct, consolidate and analyse baseline, (mid term) and final KAP results (practical) and to report accordingly i. How to identify trends, apply lessons learnt and advocacy messages 3. Complete training evaluation following the completion of the trainings 4. Prepare an example of a standard KAP household survey form and database in English and Arabic languages based on the WASH geographical context and partners practices 4
5. Submission of a detailed training report and hand-outs of training materials for distribution. 6. Debriefing with UNICEF after the completion of the assignment and providing the final training package; Methodology: 1. Training to be provided in English and/or Arabic language with simultaneous translation where necessary. 2. The training materials will be developed and reviewed by UNICEF prior to the commencement of the training. Material will be in both English and Arabic. 3. An interactive, participatory methodology is adopted during the training sessions (which could include working groups, discussions, case studies, role plays, 4. Examples to be presented from former KAP studies undertaken and their results 5. Examples to be provided on how to create, undertake and analyze KAP studies as well as practical sessions to be included to allow participants the opportunity to put their theoretical knowledge into practice. 6. Sample KAP questionnaire to be provided as a template for use and discussion with participants to generate an opt specific template. 7. Participants are to be provided with various statistically representative sampling and data collection methodologies and understand how and when to select the most appropriate technique. 8. A debriefing conducted with UNICEF after completion of the assignment will be undertaken wherein the evaluation of training and preparation of the standardized household KAP template will be discussed. 9. A final evaluation and training report and household KAP template will be submitted to UNICEF Timeline and Deliverables Total number of consulting days expected against specific tasks: 13 person days (including travel day to duty station) 5
Schedule of Works: Activities Home based Preparation (Training Module, training material, and draft household KAP template and database) Travel to duty station opt based briefing, presentation of draft training modules to UNICEF Gaza Training days ( including travel to and from Gaza) West Bank training days Produce a final training evaluation report and household KAP template and database for submission to UNICEF Timeframe 3 person days 1 person day 1 person day 4 person days 2 days 2 person days Expected deliverables: The service provider will deliver the following to UNICEF: Draft training modules for review by UNICEF prior to the training; Conduct 2 trainings; one in West Bank (Ramallah) and one in Gaza; Prepare and present the draft household KAP template in English and Arabic languages; Prepare and present the final training evaluation and report; Prepare and present the final household KAP template in English and Arabic languages language. Terms of Payment: The mode of payment will be as below: 1. Initial advance payment of 30% will be made upon contract award 2. Remaining payment of 70% will be paid upon completion of training, as well as completion and acceptance of the final report and technical guidance manual. Reporting: Draft report on the training including the evaluation of the training; Detailed training and evaluation report to be submitted within 7 days of the completion of training and review. Final household KAP template in English and Arabic languages to be submitted within 7 days of the completion of training and review. Expected background and Experience: Proposed service provider should have: 5-7 years of either WASH program monitoring, in both urban and rural areas, at national and international level, or extensive experience in M&E division providing support to 6
WASH programs. WASH programme monitoring is not the first choice for the skill set being sought. Experience with conducting WASH related research in general and KAP studies in particular must be the primary focus. At least four years of progressively responsible professional work experience at national and international levels in programme monitoring and evaluation including specialized training in statistics and proven experience in conducting M&E trainings. Strong analytical, quantitative and qualitative research skills. Specific involvement in linking WASH software and hardware data management in a variety of settings using KAP studies. Background/familiarity with developing preparedness and response monitoring programs and the IASC accountability and monitoring procedures. Experience in developing and leading interactive presentations specific to country and cultural contexts Degree in either Water and Sanitation Engineering or Public Health or Statistical Monitoring and analysis. Database development would be an asset Familiarity with WASH cluster system and Humanitarian Reforms is an asset; Spoken and written fluency in English and additionally Arabic would be an asset; Proven good analytical, communication and facilitation skills; Prior work experience in the duty station(s) region would be advisable, though not mandatory. General Conditions (Procedures and Logistics) 1. The bidding process for the recruitment of the consultant will strictly follow UNICEF internal rules. 2. UNICEF will facilitate necessary access and permits required for the training exercise and field review. 3. The consultant will provide draft reports for review and amend as requested before submitting the final report. 4. Under the consultancy agreements, a month is defined as 21 working days, and fees are prorated accordingly. Consultants are not paid for weekends or public holidays. 5. Consultants are not entitled to payment of overtime. All remuneration must be within the contract agreement. 6. No contract may commence unless the contract is signed by both UNICEF and the consultant or Contractor. 7. For international consultants outside the duty station, signed contracts must be sent by fax or email. Signed contract copy or written agreement must be received by the office before Travel Authorisation is issued. 8. No consultant may travel without a signed travel authorisation prior to the commencement of the journey to the duty station. 9. Unless authorised, UNICEF will buy the tickets of the consultant. In exceptional cases, the consultant may be authorised to buy their travel tickets and shall be reimbursed at the most economical and direct route but this must be agreed to beforehand. 10. Consultants will not have supervisory responsibilities or authority on UNICEF budget. 11. Consultant will be required to sign the Health statement for consultants/individual contractor prior to taking up the assignment, and to document that they have appropriate health insurance, including Medical Evacuation. 7
12. The Form 'Designation, change or revocation of beneficiary' must be completed by the consultant upon arrival, at the HR Section. 13. The Contractor is responsible to: WASH Chief of Section and WASH Cluster Coordinator 14. Keep in safe custody any UNICEF equipment issued and to return to UNICEF in same condition as received. The Consultant will be personally responsible for any damage and/or loss to any equipment provided by UNICEF. 15. UNICEF equipment is to be used for official purposes only and not to be used for personal purposes, for any reason whatsoever. UNICEF will provide office space with internet access, transportation, visa, secretariat services. All other requirements will not be covered by UNICEF. 8