DEPARTMENT OF THE NAW COMMANDING OFFICER USS DECATUR (DDG 73) FPO AP

Similar documents
~15 9-J~~l<:clf DEPARTiin'ENT OFT E NAJv

DEPARTMENT OF THE NAW USS JUNEAU (LPO 10) FW AP

DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY USS VALLEY FORGE (CG 50) FPO AP

DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY

DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY USS CLEVELAND (LPD-7) FPO AP

DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY COMMANDING OFFICER USS COMSTOCK (LSD 4!5) FPO AP

EVENT DATE Ser SSN758 / 198 /

From: Commanding Officer, Strike Fighter Squadron FIFTEEN To: Director, Naval Aviation History and Publication Division, Naval Historical Center

4 Aug 92. Encl: From: Commanding Officer, USS MICHIGAN (SSBN 727) To: Director of Naval History (0-09BH), Washington Navy Yard, Washington, DC 20374

1. Enclosures (1) throuqh (6) are forwarded, per reference (a). ad hkil

From: Commanding Officer, USS CHANCELLORSVILLE (CG 62) To: Director of Naval History (OP-OSBH), Washington Navy Yard, Washington, DC

9 DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY COMMANDING OFFICER USS DECATUR (DDG 73) FPO AP

5720 Ser056. (3 ) Narrative (4) USS MICHIGAN History (5) Ship's Picture (6) Commanding Officer's Biography and picture. 5 Mar 96

7E=-G& Subj: ANNUAL COMMAND HISTORY FOR Ref: (a) OPNAVINST F

DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY USS HOUSTON (SSN 7131 FPO AP

:&I DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY USS GARY (FFG-51) FPO AP Mar 99

(1) USS Ardent (MCM 12) 2001 Command History (2) 3 54" disk containing 2001 Command History

DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY 7 USS MICHIGAN (SSBN 727) / FW AP

DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY

DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY USS LEYTE GULF (CG 55) FPO AE

From: Commanding Officer, USS GARY (FFG 51) To: Director of Naval History (OP-09BH),

(2) Chronological Order of Events

DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY USS LAKE ERIE (CG 70) FPO AP

2. Command Composition and Organization.

DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY USS TRENTON (LPDI4) FPO AE

-Ts& Ser ADMIN/ Feb 92

DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY

DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY USS CHAMPION (MCM-4) FPO SAN FRANCISCO. CALIFORNIA

DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY

(1) Annual command history of USS LOS ANGELES (SSN 688) for the period 1 January 1986 through 31 December 1986 (2) Summary of Operations 1986

FIGHTER SQUADRON ELEVEN FLEET POST OFFICE NEW YORK

Copy to: COMNAVAIRPAC 57 REPLY REFER TO: 1. Per reference (a), enclosures (1) through (4) are forwarded. DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY

FROM: USS HARPERS FERRY (LSD 49) TO: DIRECTOR, NAVAL HISTORICAL CENTER SUBJECT: COMMAND HISTORY FOR USS HARPERS FERRY (LSD 49)

n ED0 NEW YORK 0-1 y1 lllccv #nn TO:

Commanding Officer (3) Chronology of Events For Calendar Year (5) Ship's Picture (6) Command Compostition and Organization

f5 (3) Chronology Narrative (4) Current Commanding Officer's Biography (5) Current Commanding Of ficerf s Photograph

(a) OPNAVINST E

5750 Ser 00/ SEX) 00. From: Commanding Officer, Strike Fighter Squadron 25 To: Director of Naval History (N09BH)

1. Enclosure (1) is forwarded in accordance, with reference (a).

USS TARAWA (LHA-1) FPO AP (1) Commanding Officer Biography and Photograph (2) Ship's Photo (3) 1996 Statistics

From: Commanding Officer, Fighter Squadron ELEVEN To: Director, Naval Historical Center (Attn: Aviation History Branch)

DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY

Encl: (1) USS ANTIETAM1s Command History for CY 1994 (2) Supplemental historical information

(9) Exchange of Command Program

Encl: (1) Submitting Flag Officer Biographies and Photos (2) Flag Officer Biography Format (3) Sample Official Biography

USS AVENGER (MCM-1) FPOAA

(Zee! U DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY r1ar 1, Commanding Officer, USS VALLEY FORGE (CG 50) Director of Naval History (OP-09BH) From: To:

DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY

Subj: SUBMISSION OF COMMAND HISTORY FOR USS DENVER (LPD 9) CY 1996

1. Enclosures (1) through (6) are submitted in accordance with reference (a). CAB- C. B. DUNN

1 6 &./ 0 6 MAY DIECARTWNT OF TUN NAVY USS DWlGHT D. ESENHoWEI (CVN 69) FPO MW YORK CVN69:l l4:gwf Ser

DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY USS TRENTON (LPD-14) l$

From: Comrrlanding Officer, USS LEYTE GULF (CG 55) To: Director of Naval History (OP-09BH)

FPO BE / 5700 /

From: Commanding Officer, Helicopter Mine Countermeasures Squadron FOURTEEN To : Director of Naval History, Aviation Branch, Washington, D.C.

From: Commanding Officer, USS DENVER (LPD 9) To: Director of Naval History (NOgBH), Washington Navy Yard, Washington D.C.

DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY FLEET COMPOSITE SQUADRON SIX 1254 WEST D ST NORFOLK, VIRGINIA

3 JAN :bi Ser: From: Coriunanding Officer, US$ TRENTON (LPD 14) To : Director of Naval History (OP-09B9) Ref : (a) OPNAVINST 5720.

M. D. ABNER By direction

USS ELROD (FFG 55) FLEET POST OFFICE MIAMI Subj: SUBMISSION OF COMMAND HISTORY, USS ELROD (FFG 55)

is forwarded herein as enclosurd (1).

5750 Ser CG50,{) March From: To: Subj: Ref: Encl:

Subj: 1999 COMMAND HISTORY PACKAGE. Ref: (a) OPNAVINST G

From: Conmanding Officer, Helicopter Mine Countermeasures Squadron FOURTEEN To: Chief of Naval Operations, Naval Aviation History Office (OP-05D2)

. N. EDWARDS, JR. DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY FLEET LOGISTICS SUPPORT SQUADRON FORTY NAVAL AIR STATION NORFOLK. VIRGINIA \

*'";- DEPARTMEMT OF THE NAVY USS WIWILLE (LPD-13) FLEET POST OFFICE NEW YORK, NEW YORK LPD13/ADMIN 28 Feb 87

USS ANTIETAM (CG 54) FPO SAN FRANCISCO PA0 23 Feb 92

OPNAVNOTE 1530 Ser N1/15U Jun 2015 OPNAV NOTICE From: Chief of Naval Operations. Subj: 2015 MIDSHIPMAN SUMMER TRAINING PLAN

SECTION 1 ARLEIGH BURKE FLEET TROPHY SECTION 2 JUNIOR OFFICER AWARD FOR EXCELLENCE IN SHIPHANDLING...7-5

From: Commanding Officer, USS MCCLUSKY (FFG 41) To : Chief of Naval Operations (OP-09BH)

DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY USS SAFEGUARD (ARS-50) C/O FLEET POST OFFICE /' SAN FRANCISCO, CALlFORNlA

5 $8 DEPARTMENT OF THE *VY. CARRIER AIRBORNE EARLY WARNING SQUADRON ONE HUNDRED TWENTY THREE FPO NEWYORK OOBOl 5000 ser O O ~ )0 4

DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY USS CARR (FFG-52) FLEET POST OFFICE AE

USS HENRY M. JACKSON (SSBN 730) FLEET POST OFFICE SEATTLE. WA

DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY OFFICE OF THE CHIEF OF NAVAL OPERATIONS 2000 NAVY PENTAGON WASHINGTON, DC OPNAVINST DNS-3 11 Aug 2011

To : Director of Naval History (N09BH) of the USS FALCON (MHC-59) is submitted for the calendar year. Ser 00/ Jan 06

(8) Photograph of USS BUNKER HILL (CG 52) (9) Welcome Aboard Pamphlet (10) Ship 's Famil ygrams (The Sword)

U. S. S. OKLAHOMA CITY (CLG-5) Fleet post Office San Francisco CLG5/17/fb 5720 Ser: 123

OPNAVNOTE 1530 N12/16U Apr 2016 OPNAV NOTICE From: Chief of Naval Operations. Subj: 2016 MIDSHIPMAN SUMMER TRAINING PLAN

TORY USS BARRY (DDG-52) 01 JAN DEC 94

5750 Ser LPD 15-PA0/ Jan 96

Subj: MISSIONS, FUNCTIONS, AND TASKS OF UNITED STATES FLEET FORCES COMMAND

DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY COMMANDING OFFICER USS LABOON (DDG 58) FPO AE

DECLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED ENCLOSURES (1) (2) (4) AND (5) MAY BE RIZMOVED*

From: Commanding Officer, USS ANZIO (CG 68) To : Director of Naval History (NOgBH), Washington Navy Yard, 901 M Street, SE, Washington, DC

Naval Vessel Historical Evaluation FINAL DETERMINATION This evaluation is unclassified

( 3 5V10pPrY d;rk 1 qi-9 >;"

copy to: (w/o encl (2) CINCPACFLT COMNAVSURFPAC (N- 021) COMPHIBGRU ONE COMPHIBRON ELEVEN

- Unclaseified upon removal of encloeure (4)

OPNAVINST F N4 5 Jun 2012

Comnanding Offi cer, Attack Squadron FIFTEEN Chief of Naval Operations (OP-05D2) To: Subj: Command History for 1975 (Report Symbol )

Subj: 1983 COMMAND HISTORY FOR FLEET LOGISTICS SUPPORT SQUADRON-FORTY

SS I FI ED" P. 11, \ / 5750 Ser 13/ MAR 99. C--A (Unc1ass:ified upon removal of enclosures (4 )

5750 MCM 1 I00 28 Feb OPNAV Report Symbol

DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY US8 AVENGER (MCM- 1 ) FWAA

Subj: SURFACE SHIP AND SUBMARINE SURVIVABILITY TRAINING REQUIREMENTS

From: Commanding Officer, USS McCAMPBELL (DDG 85) To : Director of Naval History (N09BH)' Naval Historical Center

Encl: (1) Command Composition and Organization 149z (2) Strike Fighter Squadron 22 Chronology for LP91: DECLASSIFIED BY: CNO (N09N2)

HELICOPTER MINE COUTERMEASURES SQUADRON FOURTEEN IHM-141 NAVAL AIR STATION NORFOLK. VIRGINIA Ser December 1982 From: To:

DEPARTMENT OF M E NAW USS COLUMBUS (SSN 762) FPO AP

Transcription:

DEPARTMENT OF THE NAW COMMANDING OFFICER USS DECATUR (DDG 73) FPO AP 96663-1290 5750 DDG 73 Ser/ 261 06 Jul 03 From: Commanding Officer, USS DECATUR (DDG 73) To : Director of Naval History (NOgBH), Naval Historical Center Subj: COMMAND HISTORY (OPNAV Report 5750-01) Ref: (a) OPNAVINST 5750.12G Encl: (1) USS DECATUR (DDG 73) Command Composition and Organization (2) USS DECATUR (DDG 73) Command Chronology/ Historical Narrative (3) Biography and photograph of Commanding Officer, Executive Officer, and Command Master Chief (4) Command Philosophy (5) USS DECATUR (DDG 73) Photograph 1. Enclosures (1) through (5) are forwarded per reference (a) to be included in USS DECATUR (DDG Copy to : COMPACFLT COMNAVSURFPAC COMDESRON TWO ONE Navigator C. M. THEBAUD

USS DECATUR (DDG 73) COMMAND COMPOSTION AND ORGANIZATION ISIC, COMMANDING OFFICER, EXECUTIVE OFFICER, AND COMMAND MASTER CHIEF UIC: R21947 CAPT Jeff Niner, USN Commodore CDS 21 CDR Cynthia Thebaud, USN Commanding Officer LCDR Michael Beno, USN Executive Officer CMDCM Michael Johnston, USN Command Master Chief Encl (1)

USS DECATUR (DDG 73) JAN02-DEC02 EVENTS 01 JAN-11 FEB 2002 SADC/SCC/Greencrown for PELELIU Amphibious Ready Group IS0 Operation ENDURING FREEDOM 16 JAN 2002 Visit by Chief of Naval Operations ADM Vern Clark 10 FEB 2002 Boarded M/V Sea Pride I1 IS0 LIO 12 FEB 2002 SOH Transit enroute Bahrain 13-16 FEB 2002 Inport Manama, Bahrain 15 FEB 2002 DECATUR awarded Command and Control Excellence Award and Logistics Management Award for 2001 17 FEB 2002 SOH Transit enroute North Arabian Sea 18 FEB-02 MAR 2002 SADC/SCC/Greencrown for BATAAN Amphibious Ready Group IS0 Operation ENDURING FREEDOM 23 FEB 2002 Boarded M/V Macedonia Hellas IS0 LIO 02 MAR 2002 a 03 MAR 2002 04 MAR-21 MAR 2002 11 MAR 2002 13-14 MAR 2002 21-25 MAR 2002 27 MAR 2002 28 MAR 2002 29 MAR 2002 Escort BATAAN ARG through SOH Transit Escort USNS FLINT through SOH Transit SADC/SCC/Greencrown for BONHOMME RICHARD Amphibious Ready Group IS0 Operation ENDURING FREEDOM Visit by RADM Zortman, COMCARGRU SEVEN and COMMODORE Wisecup, COMDESRON 21 Visit by Dateline, CNN, and NY Times SHAREM 140 and ARABIAN SHARK Excercises SOH Transit enroute Bahrain Anchor Manama, Bahrain Transit enroute North Arabian Gulf

30-31 MAR 2002 Embark CDS 50 31 MAR-02 APR 2002 EAGER SENTRY 2002 Exercise 04 APR 2002 Assume MI0 Duties in North Arabian Gulf 06 APR 2002 MI0 Surge 07 APR 2002 Embark U.S. COAST GUARD LEDET 10 APR 2002 Non-Compliant Boarding of M/V Francisco Dagohoy 11-13 APR 2002 COMISKEY Boarding Duties 14-16 APR 2002 MI0 Duties 18 APR 2002 SOH Transit enroute Gulf of Oman 18 APR 2002 SOH Transit enroute Bahrain 19-24 APR 2002 25 APR 2002 30 APR 2002 02 MAY 2002 06-10 MAY 2002 10 MAY 2002 13-17 MAY 2002 18 MAY '2002 19-21 MAY 2002 22 MAY 2002 Inport Manama, Bahrain SOH Transit enroute North Arabian Gulf Transit enroute OUTCHOP 5th FLEET AOR OUTCHOP 5th FLEET AOR/INCHOP 7th FLEET AOR Anchored Phuket, Thailand SOM Transit enroute Bali Anchored Bali, Indonesia Transit enroute Dili Anchored Dili Harbor, East Timor IS0 Independence Day Celebration Transit enroute Guam 25-26 MAY 2002 Inport Apra Harbor, Agana, Guam

27 MAY 2002 Transit enroute Hawaii with USS LAKE CHAMPLAIN SAG 01-02 JUN 2002 Inport Pearl Harbor, Hawaii 02-08 JUN 2002 Transit enroute San Diego with USS LAKE CHAMPLAIN SAG Tiger Cruise 08 JUN 2002 Inport San Diego, CA Arrive from WESTPAC 2001-2002 08 JUN-15 JUL 2002 Inport San Diego Post Deployment Standdown 16-23 JUL 2002 Inport San Diego 23-24 JUL 2002 Underway SOCAL Midshipmen Training 25-26 JUL~ 2002 Underway SOCAL enroute Port Hueneme 26-29 JUL 2002 Inport Port Hueneme Sea Bee Days 29 JUL 2002 Underway SOCAL enroute Seal Beach 29-31 JUL 2002 Ammo Offload 31 JUL 2002 Underway SOCAL enroute San Diego 31 JUL-05 AUG 2002 Inport San Diego 06 AUG 2002 Underway SOCAL P-CO Orientation 07-19 AUG 2002 Inport San Diego 12 AUG 2002 Change of Command Commander V.G. Mercado relieved by Commander C.M. Thebaud 20-23 AUG 2002 Underway SOCAL Training

24-03 AUG 2002 04 SEP 2002 Inport San Diego Up keep Deadstick move to Continental Maritime Shipyard 04 SEP-07 NOV 2002 SRA 29-31 OCT 2002 COMDESRON 21 Safe to Steam Assessment 07-08 NOV 2002 Underway SOCAL Sea Trials 09-12 NOV 2002 Inport San Diego 13-14 NOV 2002 Underway SOCAL enroute Seal Beach 15-16 NOV 2002 Inport Seal Beach IDTC Ammo Onload 17-19 NOV 2002 Inport San Diego 20-27 NOV 2002 Underway SOCAL DLQs FIREX I USS CARL VINSON BG OPFOR 28 NOV-02 DEC 2002 Inport San Diego 03-06 DEC 2002 Underway SOCAL Training 07-31 DEC 2002 Inport San Diego 12 DEC 2002 Ship Christmas Party 13-31 DEC 2002 Holiday Standdown

USS DECATUR [DDG 73) Historical Narrative for 2002 USS DECATUR (DDG 73) had a banner year in 2002. From 2001's early deployment in support of Operation ENDURING FREEDOM through an intense nine week restricted availability, DECATUR executed an aggressive schedule throughout. The professional accomplishments this year are accredited to DECATUR's warrior spirit embodied in each of her sailors and their commitment to fulfill the finest traditions of Surface Warfare. DECATUR's 2002 high operational tempo while deployed with the JOHN C STENNIS Battlegroup was unparalled, earning the ship her first Navy Unit Commendation and Armed Forces Expeditionary Medal. The professional expertise, dedication to duty, and personal sacrifice of all onboard were evident all year through the many successes achieved. Throughout 2002, DECATUR maintained combat readiness at the highest level and improved upon her already impressive record and reputation as a versatile, proficient war fighter, earning,the reputation within JOHN C STENNIS Battle Group for being "Always Alert, Always Professional, and Always Ready." DECATUR's pursuit of operational excellence over the period included a Fifth Fleet Operation Enduring Freedom deployment, a seamless transition to a complex Selected Restricted Availability (SRA), and preparations for the 2003 Inter-Deployment Training Cycle. While deployed, DECATUR tackled multiple Warfare duties and served as Sector Air Defense Coordinator and Sea Combat Commander for PELELIU, BATAAN and BONHOMME RICHARD Amphibious Readiness Groups off Afghanistan. As the Link manager during ARG escort operations, DECATUR maintained nearly perfect connectivity and relayed the overall tactical picture to warfare commanders and mastered dual reporting responsibilities to CTF 51 and CTF 50 and other coalition ships. Additional duties included exercising tactical control over 7 USN ships, 5 Coalition warships and numerous air assets for air and surface defense, Makran Coast Sector Leadership lnterdiction Operations (LIO) and Air Defense Screen ship for CTF 50. During exercise EAGER SENTRY with the Kuwaiti Navy, DECATUR safely conducted coordinated Surface Warfare, Search and Rescue, Division Tactics and Visit Board Search and Seizure exercises. During Maritime lnterdiction Operations, DECATUR performed numerous vessel boardings including a noncompliant boarding that forced an oil smuggler to return to Iraq. Additionally, during exercise ARABIAN SHARK, DECATUR acted as SAU commander with United Arab Emirates and Bahraini warships in undersea warfare exercises and conducted 8 live fire ASW events during SHAREM 140. Dedicated to supporting the community, DECATUR sailors contributed over 400 hours of volunteer service in 2002 despite an aggressive underway schedule. While returning from deployment, DECATUR sailors served as Ambassadors in numerous community outreach projects during port visits to Encl (2)

Phuket, Thailand; Bali, Indonesia; and a humanitarian assistance visit to the new republic of East Timor where DECATUR was selected as the sole American ship to serve as the backdrop for the Inaugural Independence Day Celebrations in Dili, East Timor, hosting numerous distinguished visitors. Upon returning to San Diego, DECATUR sailors participated in Port Hueneme Sea Bee Days, providing tours for over 1,000 visitors. Additionally, DECATUR sailors were recognized for volunteer spirit in "Hands On San Diegon and fire-prevention efforts in Julian, California, as well as numerous local youth programs. Immediately following deployment, DECATUR maintained operational focus and earned numerous accolades, enroute to an unbroken string of successful assessments and inspections, including Aviation Readiness Qualification Certification, PCMS Assessment, NSFS FlREX I Qualification, CDS21 Safe-to- Sea Assessment, Cryptologic Resource Center (CRC) Certification, and 3M Baseline Certification. Of note, DECATUR was one of only 10% of ships on the waterfront to convert the 3M Baseline to a 3M Certification. Sustained aggressive Engineering and Damage Control training throughout SRA, DECATUR Damage Control Organization received accolades from the ATG Engineering LTT during the Post Availability Safe-to-Steam Assessment in November 2002, stating it was "the best Main Space Fire Drill" they had seen for a ship completing a shipyard availability. Additionally, the ATG Engineering LTT noted the DECATUR has "the two best kept main spaces of the entire Pacific Fleet" and assessed all Engineering Programs as satisfactory. Additionally, DECATUR maintained a minimum rating of M-2 in all mission areas, completing numerous exercises and served as Opposition Force (OPFOR) in support of CARL VINSON Battle Group COMPTUEX, receiving a "Bravo Zulun from Commander, CARL VINSON Battle Group for displaying superior performance and aggressive challenges. Throughout 2002, meeting the challenges of a high-optempo schedule, DECTUAR maintained an outstanding safety record in all areas, executing all missions flawlessly. Through it all, DECATUR experienced only three class C personnel injury mishaps in 2002 and no class A or B mishaps. Excelling in Seamanship and Aviation Safety, DECATUR flawlessly conducted 6 anchorings including Bali, East Timor (3 anchorings), Bahrain and Phuket, and 1 mooring to a buoy in Honk Kong. Performed numerous RHlB Operations in support of ARG escort, Maritime Interception and Leadership Interdiction operations. Aggressive cross-training enabled the ship to competently man up to 3 replenishment stations. UNREP teams conducted 39 UNREPS, transferring 4,353,491 gallons of fuel without incident. Conducted 662 Flight Quarters with SH-6Os, including 5 Night Vision Device ops for CSAR missions. Conducted 30 VERTREP evolutions receiving over 700 pallets by air. In November, received third consecutive AAV upgrade to ARQ; safety administration evaluated with zero discrepancies. Conducted ammo off-load and on-load in Seal Beach with no incident. NWS Seal Beach Ordnance Officer commented that DECATUR stands out for consistently conducting safe, effective ammo movement evolutions. Conducted 10 flight deck

ammo movement evolutions. Conducted 10 flight deck range qualification events, qualifying over 300 crewmembers in small arms. Maintaining the highest level of focus on shipyard safety, DECATUR sustained a superb SRA safety record throughout shipyard availability period. Prior to completing SRA in November 2002, all administrative safety programs were assessed as effective during lslc Safe to Sea Assessment. Additionally, the Afloat Training Group LTT, inspector cited that DECATUR' s Electrical Safety administration and operation was the best they had seen on waterfront. Meeting and excelling in every mission and warfare area, the common denominator for DECATUR's overall success in 2002 can be found in our exceptional sailors. Despite an overwhelming OPTEMPO, DECATUR leadership was able to enhance morale and optimize the balance between mission accomplishment with quality of life, fostering improved retention and advancement throughout the ranks. Ultimately each sailor's commitment to excellence and continued Naval service reflected in DECATUR earning the "Golden Anchor" Retention Award for FY 2002. Instilling a positive command environment and achieving a balance between meeting mission objectives and the needs of individual sailors, DECATUR continues to improve upon Quality of Life. Nurturing both professional and personal development programs, DECATUR maximized training opportunities through highly successful on-the-job training, PACE courses, divisional rate raining, and ESWS seminars. Together, these programs and mentorship helped prepare sailors for advancement opportunities and resulted in numerous PACE graduates, over 90 ESWS Qualifications, and Retention and Advancement levels that continue to increase and surpass Fleet averages in all areas.