QM, 5 Star, VBP: Taking the Confusion Out of All the Reports and the Impact of QMs on Reimbursement 414 476 1112 fax 414 476 6118 www.specializedmed.com The materials contained herein include information and facts and the opinions and recommendations of Specialized Medical Services, Inc. (SMS) regarding governmental regulations, statutes and practices, and potential changes to same. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary stated or implied in any of the materials available herein, SMS and its employees cannot and do not make any representation, warranty, endorsement or guarantee, express or implied, regarding (i) the accuracy, completeness or timeliness of any such information, facts or opinions or (ii) the merchantability or fitness for any particular purpose thereof, nor shall any of such materials be deemed the giving of legal advice by SMS or its employees. All participants should consult their own legal advisors, applicable regulatory entities and other sources of legal information and advice for any opinions or recommendations with respect to their own legal situation. Neither SMS nor its employees shall be liable to you or any other person or entity for any loss or injury or any direct, indirect, incidental, consequential, special, punitive or similar damages, or any other damages of any nature whatsoever, arising out of any of the materials (or any portion thereof) contained or not contained herein. BY ATTENDING THIS SEMINAR, YOU HEREBY WAIVE ANY AND ALL CLAIMS AGAINST SMS AND ITS EMPLOYEES ARISING OUT OF YOUR USE OF THE INFORMATION CONTAINED HEREIN. We have provided URL addresses to Internet sites maintained by third parties. Neither SMS nor its employees operates or controls in any respect any information, products or services on these sites, or endorses or makes any representation or warranty regarding these sites. You assume total responsibility and risk for your use of these third party sites. Specialized Medical Services, Inc. Milwaukee, WI 53225 414-476-1112 fax 414-476-6118 email: info@specializedmed.com Presenter: Theresa Lang, RN, BSN, WCC Vice President Clinical Consulting SMS for 21 years Over 40 years LTC experience Areas of Expertise AHIMA Approved ICD-10 Trainer Clinical Operations and Training Medicare MDS Wound Care theresa.lang@specializedmed.com 414 476 1112 www.specializedmed.com 1
CJR CMI RUGs ACO QRP VBP One thing in common? What is it? Survey 5 Star Quality Quality Reporting Medicare Part A FFS QM used for 5 Star All residents MDS 4 quarters 4 th -2015 and 1/2/3 of 2016 Claims based data for 3 measures 1/1/15-12/31/15 QM used for Survey: CASPER All residents QM used for Value Based Purchasing Only Medicare FFS residents 414 476 1112 www.specializedmed.com 2
NNHQCC Quality Composite Measure Score The NNHQCC Quality Composite Measure Score is calculated by dividing the sum of the numerators and the sum of the denominators for all 13 long-stay quality measures and multiplying by 100. For influenza and pneumococcal vaccinations, the measures are reversed so that the numerators for all measures represent missed opportunities for vaccination. A lower Composite Score is better and the NNHQCC goal is to achieve a composite score at or below 6.00. NNHQCC Quality Composite Measure Score It is important to pay attention to high percentages, as these are the measures that will be driving your Composite Score higher (not desirable), while measures with low percentages will be the ones that are driving your Composite Score lower (desirable). Source: CMS 11SOW Nursing Home Collaborative Composite Data 1NQF: National Quality Forum Quality Confusion The steps in calculating the measures are different Included assessments Excluded assessment Time frames This is why reports can not always be compared to each other The following reports all ran on 4/17/17 414 476 1112 www.specializedmed.com 3
CASPER REPORT A a Resident Specific A a 5 Star 414 476 1112 www.specializedmed.com 4
Comparison Measure Data Dates 5 Star (NH Compare) Survey (3 years) QM (16 QM- 4 quarters) Staffing (OSCAR- Case Mix adjusted) MDS- 13 Jan-April-July- October Readmission Data (Claims based) 3 Updated April/October) Hours (PBJ March 2017) 16 measures all 100% as of 1/1/17 4 quarters Available 4 th Wednesday of the month MDS QM- are one quarter behind January update will be July- October MDS data Claim Data- 12 months with the initial time period based on claims data from 7/1/14 6/30/15 Measures will be updated every 6 months Comparison Measure Data Dates CASPER (Survey) VMP/QRP All submitted MDS Medicare FFS MDS 6 month time period for comparison Updated monthly 10/1/2016 to 12/31/2016 Effective 10/1/2017 SNF Quality Reporting Program (QRP) The IMPACT Act of 2014 mandated the establishment of the SNF QRP. As finalized in the FY 2016 SNF PPS final rule, beginning with FY 2018 and each subsequent FY, the Secretary shall reduce the market basket update (also known as the Annual Payment Update, or APU) by 2 percentage points for any SNF that does not comply with the quality data submission requirements with respect to that FY. 414 476 1112 www.specializedmed.com 5
Quality Measures Crosswalk Quality Measure Time Frame Self Report Moderate to Severe Pain New or Worsened Pressure Ulcers Assessed and Appropriately Given the Seasonal Influenza Vaccine New Quality Measures* Casper Reports 6 month national comparison Facility can control dates Nursing Home Compare Short Stay Quality Measures Five Star QM Rating Composite Score Scores are calculated monthly by the QIN QIO, with each reporting month representing a rolling sixmonth time period. Assessed and Appropriately Given the Pneumococcal Vaccine Newly Received Antipsychotic Medication Residents Who Made Improvements in Function Residents Who Were Re Hospitalized After a Nursing Home Admission (Claims Based) Residents Who Were Successfully Discharged to the Community (Claims Based) Copyright 2017 Specialized Medical Services, Inc.
Residents Who Have Had An Outpatient Emergency Department Visit (Claims Based) One or More Falls with Major Injury Self Report Moderate to Severe Pain High Risk Residents with Pressure Ulcers Assessed and Appropriately Given the Seasonal Influenza Vaccine Assessed and Appropriately Given the Pneumococcal Vaccine Urinary Tract Infection Low Risk Residents who Lose Control of Bowel or Bladder Catheter Inserted and Left in Bladder Residents Who Were Physically Restrained Residents Whose Need for Help with Activities of Daily Living Increased Residents Whose Ability To Move Independently Worsened Residents Who Lose Too Much Weight Residents Who Have Depressive Symptoms Residents Who Have Received An Antipsychotic Medication Residents Who Received an Antianxiety or Hypnotic Medication + Long Stay Quality Measures Copyright 2017 Specialized Medical Services, Inc.
Prevalence Quality Measures (Long Stay) SURVEYOR Prevalence of Falls Prevalence of Behavior Symptoms Directed Towards Others Prevalence of Antianxiety/Hypnotic Use Number of Quality Measures Affecting System 6 17 24 16 13 Copyright 2017 Specialized Medical Services, Inc.
IMPACT Presented Act: for WHCA 5-24-2017 Quality Measure Domains and Timelines 16 IMPACT Act: Quality Measure Domains and Timelines 17 2018 QRP Reporting Requirements The FY 2018 reporting year is based on one quarter of data from 10/1/16 12/31/16. This means that FY 2018 compliance determination will be based on data submitted for admissions to the SNF on and after October 1, 2016, and discharged from the SNF up to and including December 31, 2016. Providers have until May 15, 2017 to correct and/or submit their quality data from the FY 2018 reporting year. 414 476 1112 www.specializedmed.com 6
2018 QRP Reporting Requirements The FY 2018 reporting year is based on one quarter of data from 10/1/16 12/31/16. Providers must submit all data necessary to calculate SNF QRP measures on at least 80% of the MDS assessments submitted to be in compliance with FY 2018 SNF QRP requirements. Use of dashes will impact the calculation of the 20% 2018 QRP Reporting Requirements No changes to the MDS submission process NEW: New quality measures to be used for payment purposes Addition of the PPS Discharge Assessment Will be used for current as well as future QRP measures and their calculation Name of Measure NQF# 0678: percent of Patients or Residents with Pressure Ulcers that are New or Worsened NQF# 0674: Application of Percent of Residents Experiencing One or More Falls with Major Injury (Long Stay) Data Collection Source : Data Collection Period Data Submission Deadline for FY 2018 Payment Determination MDS 10/01/16-12/31/16 May 15, 2017 MDS 10/01/16-12/31/16 May 15, 2017 NQF#2631:Application of Percent of Long- Term Care Hospital Patients with and Admission and Discharge Functional Assessment and a Care Plan that Addresses Function MDS 10/01/16-12/31/16 May 15, 2017 414 476 1112 www.specializedmed.com 7
QRP Measure Types Process Measure Indicates what a provider does to maintain or improve health Admission/Discharge Functional Assessment Outcome Measure Reflects the impact of the health care service or intervention on the health status of patients Pressure Ulcers Falls with major injury QRP Definitions Risk Adjustments Only Pressure Ulcers are Risk Adjusted Exclusions: outcomes not under SNF control or where outcome may be unavoidable Stratification: low/high risk based on characteristics Covariates: resident characteristics that may affect risk of a certain outcome QRP Measures affecting FY2018 payment The fall and pressure ulcer QM calculations are unchanged from the current process Only using Medicare Part A FFS patients Fall and pressure ulcers have been added to the NEW discharge assessment 10/1/2016 Admission and discharge functional assessment and care plan- NEW 414 476 1112 www.specializedmed.com 8
PU QRP Reports the percent of patients/ residents with Stage 2-4 pressure ulcers that are new or worsened since admission. For residents in a SNF, the measure is calculated by examining all assessments during a resident s Medicare Part A stay for reports of Stage 2-4 pressure ulcers that were not present or were at a lesser stage since admission. For SNF residents, this measure is restricted to Medicare Part A residents. Keys to the PU QM MDS coding of covariates Section M Present on admission Staging Worsening Diagnosis Bed Mobility Rule of 3 Bowel Incontinence Fall QM Calculation Definitions Injury Related to Fall: Any documented injury that occurred as a result of, or was recognized within a short period of time (e.g., hours to a few days) after, the fall and attributed to the fall. Injury (Except Major): Includes skin tears, abrasions, lacerations, superficial bruises, hematomas, and sprains; or any fall-related injury that causes the patient to complain of pain. Major Injury: Defined as a bone fracture, joint dislocation, closed-head injury with altered consciousness, or subdural hematoma. 414 476 1112 www.specializedmed.com 9
Fall QM Calculation SNF: For SNFs, the item (J1900C) is collected on the MDS 3.0 assessments, which may be OBRA discharge, PPS 5-, 14-, 30-, 60-, 90-day, SNF PPS Part A Discharge Assessment, or OBRA admission, quarterly, annual or significant change assessments, included in a SNF resident s stay. Because the SNF measure includes assessments occurring between admission to the facility and discharge, the MDS 3.0 items ask providers to identify falls since admission/entry or reentry or prior assessment, whichever is more recent. Key Resources https://www.cms.gov/medicare/quality- Initiatives-Patient-Assessment- Instruments/NursingHomeQualityInits/Skill ed-nursing-facility-quality-reporting- Program/SNF-Quality-Reporting-Program- IMPACT-Act-2014.html SNF QRP Training materials Fact Sheets Help Desk Quarterly Q & A documents SNF Quality Reporting Program- Specifications for the Quality Measure adopted through the Fiscal Year 2016 Final Rule (August 2015) MUST HAVE- READ and UNDERSTAND Pressure Ulcer Section updated August 2016 Available at in Download Section https://www.cms.gov/medicare/quality- Initiatives-Patient-Assessment- Instruments/NursingHomeQualityInits/Skilled- Nursing-Facility-Quality-Reporting- Program/SNF-Quality-Reporting-Program- Measures-and-Technical-Information.html 414 476 1112 www.specializedmed.com 10
QRP Additional Resources CMS Post-Acute Care Quality Initiative website http://www.cms.gov/medicare/quality-initiatives- Patient-Assessment-Instruments/Post-Acute-Care- Quality-Initiatives/PAC-Quality-Initiatives.html IMPACT Act of 2014 can be found at: http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/bills- 113hr4994enr/pdf/BILLS-113hr4994enr.pdf https://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/113/hr4994 Value Based Purchasing Affordable Care Act (2010) requires the Secretary of Health and Human Services to develop a plan to implement a VBP program for Medicare payments under Title XVIII of the Social Security Act Has been in the SNF PPS payment rules beginning in FY 2015 10/1/2014 414 476 1112 www.specializedmed.com 11
Value Based Payments Replaces Fee For Service Value Based Payments (VBP) pays for outcomes and not for thevolumeofservices Total cost of care for a population Must focus on the most complex individuals who: Drive most of the costs; and Get care in multiple sites from multiple providers CMS GOAL 30% by 2016 50% by 2018 34 VBP Roadmap Continuous Quality Improvement Framework Revised regulations Fall 2016 Defining the SNFVBP Population Quality for all residents including Dual Eligibles Private Pay Medicare VBP Roadmap Enhanced Data Infrastructure and Validation Process performance incentives not simply report data Performance Scoring and Evaluation Model performance scoring process based on attainment of a specific target, overall improvement or a combination of the two 414 476 1112 www.specializedmed.com 12
VBP Roadmap Funding Source/Performance Incentive Funds A funding source for linking payment to quality. Potential options include payment withholds that could be earned back based on quality performance or by tying payment updates to overall quality performance. Transparency and Public Reporting Making VBP program data publicly available will enable beneficiaries and their families to make informed decisions about their care VBP Roadmap Coordination across Medicare Payment System coordinates and aligns with existing VBP, payfor-reporting, and quality monitoring systems. Payment Impact 10/1/2017 Reductions: 2.2% Sequestration ALL PROVIDERS WILL SEE 2.2% decrease Additional deductions 2% failure to set discharge goals, admission/discharge status 2% failure to submit MDS 2% excess use of dashes POTENTIAL 8.2% decrease 414 476 1112 www.specializedmed.com 13
Payment Impact 10/1/2018 Reductions: 2.2% Sequestration 2% for readmission penalty Only 50-70% will be repaid to the providers via the claims process (SE1621) ALL PROVIDERS WILL SEE 4.2% decrease Additional deductions 2% failure to set discharge goals, admission/discharge status 2% failure to submit MDS 2% excess use of dashes POTENTIAL 10.2% decrease VBP Methods Quality Performance Funded by Payment Withholds: The base payments to all SNFs will be reduced (or withheld) by a certain percentage High performing SNFs would receive back their base payments (and potentially receive an additional amount for exceeding quality standards). Low-performing SNFs that did not meet the quality metrics would not receive any performance payments. VBP Methods Quality Performance Incentives with Penalties for Low Performance: Payment incentives to high performers Assess penalties to the lowest performers Hold harmless a middle group 414 476 1112 www.specializedmed.com 14
Value Based Purchasing https://www.cms.gov/medicare/medicare- Fee-for-Service- Payment/SNFPPS/Downloads/SNF-VBP- RTC.pdf 2012 What is next CJR Joint Replacement Bundles Hospital stays downn3.58 days to 2.96 days SNF stays down 1.3 days Readmission rates down also at 30-60-90 day 0 Next Bundles Sepsis CHF Bundles only allow discharge to a 3 star or higher facility 414 476 1112 www.specializedmed.com 15
Key to 5 Star Rating is knowing your placement in the cuttables 5 Star Reference https://www.cms.gov/medicare/provider- Enrollment-and- Certification/CertificationandComplianc/Do wnloads/usersguide.pdf Includes the cut point tables Survey weighted values CMI Staffing adjustment 414 476 1112 www.specializedmed.com 16
5 Star System Health Inspections last 3 years of onsite inspections, including both standard surveys and any complaint surveys The most recent survey findings are weighted more than the prior two years. 414 476 1112 www.specializedmed.com 17
Events that change your Inspection 5 Star rating New survey Complaint survey 2 nd, 3 rd, 4 th revisit IDR resolutions aging of surveys 5 Star System Staffing number of hours of care provided on average to each resident each day by nursing staff. Total Nursing Hours Total RN hours Includes DON and nurses with administrative duties NOW: updated quarterly rather than annually 7/1/2016 PBJ reports Case Mix adjusted 5 Star System Staffing Hours are adjusted by Case Mix (RUGs) ALL RESIDENTS 414 476 1112 www.specializedmed.com 18
5 Star- Staffing 5 Star System Quality Measures (QMs) Had 16 different physical and clinical measures. Long Term- LOS greater than 100 days 9 measures Short Stay- LOS less than 100 days 4 measures Claims based 3 measures Overview of Claims-Based Measures Measures use Medicare fee for service claims data only Medicare Advantage data is excluded because CMS does not have access to data at this time (~ 31% of Medicare population nationally) MDS is used in building stays and for some riskadjustment variables Claims based measures include only those residents who were admitted to the nursing home following an inpatient hospitalization and are short stay Measures are risk adjusted, using items from claims, the enrollment database and the MDS 57 414 476 1112 www.specializedmed.com 19
Claims based Measures Percentage of short-stay residents who were successfully discharged to the community (Claims-based) Percentage of short-stay residents who have had an outpatient emergency department visit (Claims-based) Percentage of short-stay residents who were re-hospitalized after a nursing home admission (Claims-based) QM Rating Rescaling occurs for long stay and short stay facilities QM Cut Point 414 476 1112 www.specializedmed.com 20
How to Calculate the 5 Star Rating Step 1: Start with health inspection five star rating. Step2:AddonestartotheStep1resultsif staffing rating is four or five stars and greater than the health inspection rating; subtract one star if staffing is one star. The overall rating cannot be greater than five or less than one star. Step3:AddonestartotheStep2resultif the quality measure rating is five stars; subtract one star if the quality measure rating is one star. 61 How to Calculate the 5 Star Rating Step 4: If the health inspection rating is one star, then the overall quality rating cannot be upgraded by more than one star based on the staffing and quality measure ratings. Step 5: If the nursing home is a Special Focus Facility that has not graduated, the maximum overall quality rating is three stars. 62 SMS Contact Information Theresa Lang Vice President Clinical Consulting Specialized Medical Services, Inc. 414-476-1112 ext: 1217 800-786-3656 Theresa.lang@specializedmed.com 414 476 1112 www.specializedmed.com 21