Consumer Survey Results

Consumer Survey Results Greater Area Health Council Survey Round Two Under the direction of The Aligning Forces for Quality (AF4Q) Evaluation Team Dennis Scanlon, Ph.D. May 2013 The survey and data analysis for this project were funded by a grant from The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation

AUTHOR CONTACT INFORMATION Dennis P. Scanlon, Ph.D. Professor Department of Health Policy & Administration 504 Ford Building The Pennsylvania State University University Park, PA 16802-6500 Phone: (814) 865-1925 Fax: (814) 863-2905 Email: dpscanlon@psu.edu http://www.hhdev.psu.edu/hpa/directory/bio.aspx?id=dennisscanlon http://www.hhdev.psu.edu/chcpr/alignforce/

TABLE OF CONTENTS Background... 4 Sources and Use of Comparative Information about Health Care Quality... 6 Attitudes about Quality of Care... 6 Choosing a Doctor... 7 Quality Reports... 11 Trust in Sources of Health Quality Information... 16 Using the Internet and Social Media to Find Health Information... 20 Patient/Consumer Engagement... 22 Patient Activation... 22 Healthy Behaviors... 24 Limitations in Activities... 27 Experiences with Health Care Professionals... 28 Coordination among Health Care Professionals... 28 Problems Getting Recommended Care... 29 Interaction with Health Care Professionals... 30 Outreach by Health Care Professionals... 33 Satisfaction with Health Care Professionals... 34 Discrimination... 34 Managing Chronic Conditions... 35 Diabetes/High Blood Sugar... 35 Hypertension/High Blood Pressure... 38 Heart Disease... 39 Asthma... 40 Depression... 41 Service Use... 42 Sources of Health Care Services... 42 Use of Health Care Services... 43 Respondent Characteristics... 46 Appendix A (Overview of Methods)... 52 Appendix B (Recorded Responses)... 53 3

Background This report presents findings from the Consumer Survey a survey of adults with chronic conditions conducted in the area¹. This survey used a random digit dialing (RDD) sample representative of the adult population in the area with one or more of the following chronic conditions: diabetes, hypertension, heart disease, asthma, or depression. The Consumer Survey was conducted as part of an evaluation of the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation s (RWJF) Aligning Forces for Quality (AF4Q) Initiative. AF4Q is a national program designed to help communities improve the quality of health care provided to persons with chronic disease, reduce racial and ethnic disparities, and provide models for national reform. The AF4Q Initiative specifically aims to align key drivers of quality improvement: Performance measurement and public reporting Capacity to help physicians improve the quality of care Consumer engagement and patient experience Reducing disparities, reforming payment systems and coordinating care across the continuum The first round of the Consumer Survey was administered in the first year of the AF4Q program (June 2007 to August 2008) to collect baseline information related to health care service utilization and consumer awareness and use of health related information. The survey collected responses from health care consumers in 14 AF4Q communities², as well as from respondents from a national sample for comparative purposes. In 2008 round 1 survey reports were distributed to each AF4Q alliance (generic term used for the multi-stakeholder partnerships in each AF4Q site), providing baseline information to potentially assist alliances in planning and intervention activities going forward. A follow-up survey (round 2) was administered 3.5 years later (August 2011 to November 2012), in order to provide the longitudinal comparisons found in this report. The second round of the survey consisted of both panel respondents (individuals who also participated in round 1) and a new RDD sample. The sample had 601 respondents in round 1 and 634 respondents in round 2. Among round 2 respondents, 334 were retained from round 1 (panel) and 300 were new respondents (new RDD). As a comparison group, all of the other AF4Q markets are pooled together, which includes 6736 respondents in round 1 and 8137 respondents in round 2. Information about the survey methodology and the construction of the figures in this report can be found in Appendix A. For more detailed information on survey methodology please visit: http://www.hhdev.psu.edu/chcpr/alignforce/surveys/consumer.html. ¹RDD (random digit dialing) sample was purchased from Marketing Systems Group (MSG) and the oversample was purchased from E-Tech. The sample was targeted to include the area. Geographic targeting was based on Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) codes predicted by area code and prefix exchanges. ²The survey was actually administered to 17 communities. This report does not include information from the 3 communities (Albuquerque, Boston, or Central Indiana), that entered the program after the initial administration of Round 1 because these communities were on a different survey administration schedule, giving their later entry in the AF4Q program. 4

Value and Potential Uses of This Report for AF4Q Alliances The graphs and trend data in this report might be used by AF4Q alliances in several ways. First, since the information is representative of the population of adults with one or more of the five chronic illnesses listed above, simply knowing the prevalence of responses to survey questions in this population may be of interest to many stakeholders, particularly for questions for which prior data does not exist in the community (e.g., consumers' views of care coordination or Patient Activation Measure scores). Second, certain results or trends might identify areas that warrant further study by the alliance to understand what is driving the result, or might even suggest the need for a targeted intervention to improve the result or trend in future measurements. Third, alliances may identify survey measures that are linked to past or existing interventions, and the trend in the measures might be used to gauge the impact of the interventions. The fourth point is related to each of these areas; namely that selected data points, trends or results found in this report might be useful for conveying messages to key stakeholders, to the community at large, or in working with media to tell the alliance's story. Interpretation of Results This report presents results for, as well as a comparison group of all of the other AF4Q communities. The survey results are weighted and are representative of the target population of the communities at the time of survey administration. The results in this report are descriptive statistics without adjusting for individual demographic characteristics and regional factors. Hence these numbers are broad population estimates. Certain subpopulations (e.g., minorities or elderly) may exhibit patterns that are different from the average. It is also worth pointing out that some of the factors measured by the Consumer Survey are more likely to be impacted by the AF4Q program than others. Moreover, some outcomes may naturally change over time regardless of any interventions, such as the activities implemented through the AF4Q program. The evaluation team and RWJF are planning for a third round of the Consumer Survey. While as a neutral party it is not the evaluation team's job to identify which statistics or results are most important or actionable for each community, we plan to host a webinar in the near future (date to be announced) to answer specific questions and provide examples of how alliances might use the data contained in this report in a practical way. In addition, the AF4Q communications firms and supporting resources are well aware of these reports and are willing to assist communities in thinking about potential messages that may be crafted from the results. In the meantime, if you have questions or need more information, please feel free to contact the evaluation team. Finally, we would like to thank Ted Rooney and Lisa Letourneau from Maine, Melissa Kennedy from Cincinnati and Jim Chase from Minnesota for their comments on early versions of this report. 5

Sources and Use of Comparative Information about Health Care Quality The following set of figures provides information on the knowledge and attitudes of survey respondents regarding the use of comparative information about doctors, hospitals, health plans and the quality of health care. In these questions, respondents considered the factors that are important in selecting care providers, as well as the sources of information they have access to and trust. Attitudes about Quality of Care Doctors in the community are all pretty much the same in terms of the quality of the care they provide. Doctors in the community are all pretty much the same in terms of the quality of the care they provide. 5 45.9 5 46.5 4 3 2 14.2 22.7 32.7 30.7 34.9 8.9 9.5 4 3 2 17.0 17.7 37.1 30.3 35.4 5.9 9.6 Strongly Disagree Disagree Agree Strongly Agree Strongly Disagree Disagree Agree Strongly Agree I would consider going to a different doctor than the one I normally see if the new physician's quality was higher and my costs were about the same. I would consider going to a different doctor than the one I normally see if the new physician's quality was higher and my costs were about the same. 5 4 3 2 6.5 12.4 34.0 29.2 45.0 31.4 14.4 26.8 5 4 3 2 7.3 10.6 30.9 30.2 45.7 39.6 16.0 19.4 Strongly Disagree Disagree Agree Strongly Agree Strongly Disagree Disagree Agree Strongly Agree 6

I would consider going to a different doctor if the new doctor's performance in treating people with my condition was about the same and my costs were lower. I would consider going to a different doctor if the new doctor's performance in treating people with my condition was about the same and my costs were lower. 5 4 3 2 12.1 16.1 47.2 31.8 34.7 29.6 5.8 22.4 5 4 3 2 8.9 11.9 47.0 40.4 34.7 34.5 9.2 12.9 Strongly Disagree Disagree Agree Strongly Agree Strongly Disagree Disagree Agree Strongly Agree Choosing A Doctor The next time you choose a doctor to treat your condition(s), how important might you consider... Recommendations from family and friends? Recommendations from family and friends? 5 5 4 3 2 23.5 31.3 39.4 29.7 19.4 26.4 17.5 12.4 4 3 2 23.2 23.4 41.0 30.2 21.4 32.8 14.1 13.3 Very Somewhat Not Very Somewhat Not Recommendations from a doctor, nurse, or other health professional? Recommendations from a doctor, nurse, or other health professional? 5 4 39.9 48.3 49.6 5 4 38.7 37.6 48.7 42.0 3 29.8 3 2 18.5 2 17.2 8.1 2.3 3.1 9.3 3.2 2.9 Very Somewhat Not Very Somewhat Not 7

The next time you choose a doctor to treat your condition(s), how important might you consider... The general reputation of the doctor? The general reputation of the doctor? 7 6 5 4 3 52.7 60.9 38.1 26.2 7 6 5 4 3 48.9 52.6 41.2 31.7 2 8.4 11.4 0.5 1.3 2 6.4 12.1 3.3 3.4 Very Somewhat Not Very Somewhat Not The convenience of seeing the doctor, such as travel, scheduling, etc.? The convenience of seeing the doctor, such as travel, scheduling, etc.? 5 4 37.1 46.4 49.4 40.4 5 4 41.0 39.2 43.1 42.8 3 3 2 7.0 8.1 6.4 4.8 2 9.8 11.9 5.9 5.9 Very Somewhat Not Very Somewhat Not A report that shows which doctors follow recommended approaches to treat your condition(s)? A report that shows which doctors follow recommended approaches to treat your condition(s)? 5 47.5 46.1 5 48.6 48.0 4 3 32.6 39.4 4 3 30.3 28.6 2 8.1 9.0 11.6 5.3 2 12.5 15.5 8.3 7.7 Very Somewhat Not Very Somewhat Not 8

The next time you choose a doctor to treat your condition(s), how important might you consider... A report that shows the outcomes for patients (with conditions similar to yours) treated by different doctors? A report that shows the outcomes for patients (with conditions similar to yours) treated by different doctors? 5 4 3 2 28.7 33.4 49.7 40.7 14.5 12.6 6.9 13.2 5 4 3 2 27.5 23.4 47.6 46.2 14.9 19.6 9.8 10.6 Very Somewhat Not Very Somewhat Not A report that compares how satisfied other patients are with their doctor or medical group? A report that compares how satisfied other patients are with their doctor or medical group? 5 4 43.6 38.2 5 4 43.9 43.0 3 2 23.2 29.8 14.9 15.1 18.1 16.7 3 2 23.7 20.7 17.6 21.1 14.6 14.9 Very Somewhat Not Very Somewhat Not Your share of the costs of the medical services or procedures? Your share of the costs of the medical services or procedures? 6 5 4 40.2 52.1 42.8 37.2 6 5 4 38.8 35.9 42.1 45.2 3 3 2 6.9 6.8 3.6 2 10.6 12.7 8.2 5.9 Very Somewhat Not Very Somewhat Not 9

The next time you choose a doctor to treat your condition(s), how important might you consider... Are there other things you might consider next time you choose a doctor to treat your condition(s)? * 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 85.9 73.4 14.5 6.4 7.3 3.6 6.7 9.7 2.4 4.5 0.3 3.5 0.3 3.4 4.2 0.1 0.2 Nothing else Ability to communicate/ listen to me Personal relationship with doctor Experiences or time in practice Hospitals that the doctor works with Open to alternative therapies Cost Evenings/ weekend hours Other Are there other things you might consider next time you choose a doctor to treat your condition(s)? * 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 82.9 71.3 17.0 7.4 7.0 9.7 3.4 3.2 5.7 2.0 2.8 0.2 3.7 0.7 3.2 0.9 3.0 0.4 Nothing else Ability to communicate/ listen to me Personal relationship with doctor Experiences or time in practice Hospitals that the doctor works with Open to alternative therapies Cost Evenings/ weekend hours Other * See Appendix B for recorded responses in the "other" category for: Are there other things you might consider next time you choose a doctor to treat your condition(s)? 10

Quality Reports - Doctors Did you see any information comparing the quality among different doctors in the past 12 months? Did you see any information comparing the quality among different doctors in the past 12 months? 3 3 2 15.8 21.1 2 13.6 10.2 If you saw any information comparing quality among different doctors, did you personally use it in making any decisions about doctors? If you saw any information comparing quality among different doctors, did you personally use it in making any decisions about doctors? 4 34.1 4 3 24.8 3 28.1 29.0 2 2 This question was asked for only those respondents who answered YES to the previous question. 11

If you did not use the information you saw, why not? * 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 81.8 50.6 0.9 8.7 1.4 7.0 0.5 0.6 1.4 4.3 2.1 15.8 43.2 Satisfied with current doctor Insurance or other restrictions Did not need medical care Different doctor would have cost more Report did not apply to doctors in my area Did not understand the information Unsure how accurate/ trustworthy the information was Other If you did not use the information you saw, why not? * 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 69.1 55.4 5.6 5.1 4.4 6.6 1.8 2.0 4.8 1.0 0.1 3.8 5.8 13.4 29.4 Satisfied with current doctor Insurance or other restrictions Did not need medical care Different doctor would have cost more Report did not apply to doctors in my area Did not understand the information Unsure how accurate/ trustworthy the information was Other Did you talk with your doctor about the report? Did you talk with your doctor about the report? 4 4 3 31.5 3 28.1 30.4 2 20.5 2 This question was asked for only those respondents who answered NO to the previous question. This question was asked for only those respondents who answered YES to the question on the top of page 11. * See Appendix B for recorded responses in the "other" category. 12

If you did not talk to your doctor about the report, why not? * If you did not talk to your doctor about the report, why not? * 5 4 3 2 38.1 30.8 41.1 31.3 22.3 36.6 5 4 3 2 28.3 38.6 29.5 21.9 39.4 48.3 1.5 7.6 1.6 5.7 1.6 3.1 2.7 3.5 Information provided not important to discuss Do not believe I understand the reports well enough Would feel uncomfortable talking about this information I trust my doctor to do what is best for me Other Information provided not important to discuss Do not believe I understand the reports well enough Would feel uncomfortable talking about this information I trust my doctor to do what is best for me Other Did you talk with your friends and family about the information in the report? Did you talk with your friends and family about the information in the report? 6 5 44.0 46.7 6 5 53.3 52.7 4 4 3 3 2 2 This question was asked for only those respondents who answered NO to the previous question. This question was asked for only those respondents who answered YES to the question on the top of page 11. * See Appendix B for recorded responses in the "other" category. 13

Quality Reports - Hospitals Did you see any information comparing the quality among different hospitals in the past 12 months? Did you see any information comparing the quality among different hospitals in the past 12 months? 4 34.9 4 3 29.8 3 2 2 22.0 20.9 Did you personally use the information you saw comparing quality among hospitals in making any decisions about hospitals? Did you personally use the information you saw comparing quality among hospitals in making any decisions about hospitals? 3 29.4 27.4 3 28.1 23.6 2 2 If you did not use the information you saw, why not? * If you did not use the information you saw, why not? * 6 5 58.4 51.4 6 5 4 3 2 31.2 17.6 10.5 4.1 0.4 1.1 16.6 20.2 4 3 2 34.9 31.5 35.7 30.9 7.9 7.8 6.6 1.1 0.6 0.7 24.3 38.2 Satisfied with current hospital Didn't need to use a hospital Insurance or cost Report didn't apply to my area Didn't understand information Other Satisfied with current hospital Didn't need to use a hospital Insurance or cost Report didn't apply to my area Didn't understand information Other This question was asked for only those respondents who answered YES to the previous question. This question was asked for only those respondents who answered NO to the previous question. * See Appendix B for recorded responses in the "other" category. 14

Quality Reports - Health Insurance Did you see any information comparing the quality among different health insurance companies in the past 12 months? Did you see any information comparing the quality among different health insurance companies in the past 12 months? 4 34.9 4 3 29.8 3 22.0 20.9 2 2 If you saw any information comparing quality among different health insurance companies, did you use it in making any decisions about health insurance plans? If you saw any information comparing quality among different health insurance companies, did you use it in making any decisions about health insurance plans? 5 4 43.9 34.0 5 4 41.0 37.4 3 3 2 2 If you did not use the information you saw, why not? * If you did not use the information you saw, why not? * 7 6 5 4 3 2 61.8 62.0 22.5 16.3 0.2 0.7 1.2 0.3 3.2 27.5 18.8 7 6 5 4 3 2 57.6 48.9 27.9 18.0 4.7 5.1 2.7 2.2 0.8 0.4 18.3 35.9 Satisfied with current health plan Cannot choose different health plan Different health plan would have cost more Report did not apply to health plans available to me Did not understand the information Other Satisfied with current health plan Cannot choose different health plan Different health plan would have cost more Report did not apply to health plans available to me Did not understand the information Other This question was asked for only those respondents who answered YES to the previous question. This question was asked for only those respondents who answered NO to the previous question. * See Appendix B for recorded responses in the "other" category. 15

Trust in Sources of Health Quality Information Would you trust information about the quality of health care provided by doctors if the information came from... Family, friends, or coworkers? Family, friends, or coworkers? 6 5 4 46.6 40.7 44.8 53.0 6 5 4 44.9 38.3 46.8 53.9 3 3 2 2 8.4 6.2 8.2 7.7 A Lot A Little Not at All A Lot A Little Not at All Your doctor? Your doctor? 9 86.5 9 84.7 8 7 74.4 8 7 73.5 6 6 5 5 4 4 3 2 10.3 20.5 3.1 5.0 3 2 14.1 23.5 1.2 2.8 A Lot A Little Not at All A Lot A Little Not at All Your hospital? Your hospital? 8 7 6 70.1 58.6 8 7 6 57.3 56.1 5 4 3 25.4 33.1 5 4 3 37.3 37.9 2 4.3 8.1 2 5.2 5.9 A Lot A Little Not at All A Lot A Little Not at All 16

Would you trust information about the quality of health care provided by doctors if the information came from... Your health insurance company? Your health insurance company? 5 45.8 45.6 45.4 5 47.7 48.6 4 38.8 4 34.3 34.4 3 3 2 15.7 2 17.9 16.9 8.4 A Lot A Little Not at All A Lot A Little Not at All Your employer? Your employer? 6 5 4 50.5 41.3 40.8 6 5 4 51.2 49.1 3 2 25.1 17.7 24.3 3 2 24.4 20.1 24.3 30.6 A Lot A Little Not at All A Lot A Little Not at All A federal, state or local government agency? A federal, state or local government agency? 6 5 48.4 44.8 6 5 52.7 50.6 4 3 2 31.1 21.5 20.4 33.6 4 3 2 25.2 20.2 21.9 29.1 A Lot A Little Not at All A Lot A Little Not at All 17

Would you trust information about the quality of health care provided by doctors if the information came from... An Internet website? An Internet website? 6 5 4 57.3 44.2 34.2 49.2 6 5 4 51.8 50.8 40.7 43.5 3 3 2 2 8.4 6.5 7.3 5.5 A Lot A Little Not at All A Lot A Little Not at All A newspaper or magazine? A newspaper or magazine? 6 56.5 6 59.1 57.4 5 47.9 44.1 5 4 3 29.5 4 3 32.1 36.3 2 13.9 7.8 2 8.6 6.1 A Lot A Little Not at All A Lot A Little Not at All Greater Area Health Council? Local AF4Q Public Reporting Entity? 5 4 3 2 22.3 23.8 30.7 43.7 11.3 20.6 35.5 11.7 5 4 3 2 21.2 17.2 27.8 40.6 7.9 12.5 42.9 29.4 A Lot A Little Not at All Not aware of organization A Lot A Little Not at All Not aware of organization 18

Do you know of any other local non-profit organizations that provide information about the health care quality provided by doctors? Do you know of any other local non-profit organizations that provide information about the health care quality provided by doctors? 7.9 7.5 8.9 8.2 If you know of another local non-profit organization that provides information about the health care quality provided by doctors, would you trust this information? If you know of another local non-profit organization that provides information about the health care quality provided by doctors, would you trust this information? 7 6 57.9 62.6 7 6 65.7 56.5 5 4 3 2 41.6 14.9 22.3 5 4 3 2 32.0 39.7 0.4 2.8 4.7 A Lot A Little Not at All A Lot A Little Not at All This question was asked for only those respondents who answered YES to the previous question. 19

Using the Internet and Social Media to find Health Information¹ How often do you use the Internet? How often do you use the Internet? 5 48.2 5 4 3 31.5 4 3 35.1 36.3 2 2 14.8 8.8 5.0 3.6 0.8 1.6 6.1 3.6 1.9 1.8 Rd 2 Rd 2 Rd 2 Rd 2 Rd 2 Rd 2 Rd 2 Rd 2 Rd 2 Rd 2 Rd 2 Rd 2 Rd 2 Rd 2 Several times a day About once a day Once every 3-5 days Once a week Once every few weeks Or less often Not at all Several times a day About once a day Once every 3-5 days Once a week Once every few weeks Or less often Not at all In the past 12 months, have you looked online for information about...? 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 70.2 65.2 37.8 38.3 26.5 29.4 23.5 20.2 19.9 7.6 Rd 2 Rd 2 Rd 2 Rd 2 Rd 2 Rd 2 Rd 2 Rd 2 Rd 2 Rd 2 specific disease medical treatment or procedure doctors hospitals health insurance end-of-life decisions long-term care manage chronic pain medical test results any other health issue In the past 12 months, have you looked online for information about...? 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 74.6 64.2 33.0 34.3 33.5 24.8 22.1 23.5 14.7 8.4 Rd 2 Rd 2 Rd 2 Rd 2 Rd 2 Rd 2 Rd 2 Rd 2 Rd 2 Rd 2 specific disease medical treatment or procedure doctors hospitals health insurance end-of-life decisions long-term care manage chronic pain medical test results any other health issue ¹ New Items questions in this section were only asked in round 2, so there are no longitudinal comparisons. This question was asked for only those respondents who indicated internet use. 20

Did the information you found online affect...? Did the information you found online affect...? 6 5 4 3 2 47.3 41.5 20.9 25.7 44.9 32.4 6 5 4 3 2 49.7 44.8 24.7 31.0 50.4 41.9 Rd 2 Rd 2 Rd 2 Rd 2 Rd 2 Rd 2 Rd 2 Rd 2 Rd 2 Rd 2 Rd 2 Rd 2 how to treat an illness or condition approach to maintaining health coping with chronic condition or pain whether you see a doctor ask doctor new questions or 2nd opinion thinking about diet, exercise, stress how to treat an illness or condition approach to maintaining health coping with chronic condition or pain whether you see a doctor ask doctor new questions or 2nd opinion thinking about diet, exercise, stress Have you ever posted comments about health matters in any of these places online? Have you ever posted comments about health matters in any of these places online? 2 2 14.9 5.7 9.4 5.3 7.3 3.6 11.1 9.4 3.5 1.0 Rd 2 Rd 2 Rd 2 Rd 2 Rd 2 Rd 2 Rd 2 Rd 2 Rd 2 Rd 2 discussion forum blog Facebook, MySpace, LinkedIn website of any kind Twitter discussion forum blog Facebook, MySpace, LinkedIn website of any kind Twitter How would you rate your ability to speak and understand English? How would you rate your ability to speak and understand English? 9 8 83.4 9 8 87.9 7 7 6 6 5 5 4 4 3 3 2 11.2 2.3 2.9 2 10.9 0.9 0.2 Rd 2 Rd 2 Rd 2 Rd 2 Rd 2 Rd 2 Rd 2 Rd 2 Very Well Well Not Well Not at all Very Well Well Not Well Not at all This question was asked for only those respondents who answered YES to the previous question. This question was asked for only those respondents who indicated internet use. 21

Patient/Consumer Engagement The figures in this section show responses to questions regarding the level of engagement consumers have in the health care services they receive, as well as the extent to which they participate in healthy behaviors. This section also includes information on limitations in regular activities experienced by respondents. Patient Activation The Patient Activation Measure (PAM-13)¹ is a 13-item survey instrument that produces a uni-dimensional scale reflecting "a developmental model of patient activation" (Hibbard et al., 2004).² During the phone interviews, respondents are asked to state whether they "strongly agree, agree, disagree, or strongly disagree" on each of the 13 items included as part of this scale [e.g., "When all is said and done, I am the person who is responsible for managing my health condition(s)."] Each item is then assigned a numerical value based on the response ("strongly agree" receives the highest value; "strongly disagree" receives the lowest). All the values are then aggregated to obtain a single "raw score," which, in turn, is converted to each respondent s "activation level" based on an algorithm developed by Hibbard et al. The respondents are then further classified under four activation "stages" based on their activation levels: Stage 1: Starting to take a role Stage 2: Building knowledge & confidence Stage 3: Taking action Stage 4: Maintaining behaviors Patient Activation Measure Stages - All Respondents Patient Activation Measure Stages - All Respondents 6 5 4 3 2 4.8 4.8 19.7 17.9 32.9 24.4 42.4 52.7 6 5 4 3 2 7.7 5.0 20.4 13.3 33.0 35.0 38.7 46.5 Starting to take a role (Stage 1) Building knowledge & confidence (Stage 2) Taking action (Stage 3) Maintaining behaviors (Stage 4) Starting to take a role (Stage 1) Building knowledge & confidence (Stage 2) Taking action (Stage 3) Maintaining behaviors (Stage 4) ¹The Patient Activation Measure is copyrighted by Insignia Health. For licensee use only. All rights reserved. ²Hibbard, Judith, Jean Stockard, Eldon R. Mahoney, and Martin Tusler. 2004. Development of the Patient Activation Measure (PAM): Conceptualizing and Measuring Activation in Patients and Consumers, Health Services Research 39(4): 1005-1026. 22

Patient Activation Measure Stages - Whites Patient Activation Measure Stages - Whites 6 5 4 3 2 4.1 3.5 19.4 17.4 31.7 28.5 44.6 50.3 6 5 4 3 2 7.8 4.6 20.6 12.3 32.0 34.7 39.5 48.2 Starting to take a role (Stage 1) Building knowledge & confidence (Stage 2) Taking action (Stage 3) Maintaining behaviors (Stage 4) Starting to take a role (Stage 1) Building knowledge & confidence (Stage 2) Taking action (Stage 3) Maintaining behaviors (Stage 4) Patient Activation Measure Stages - Non-Whites¹ Patient Activation Measure Stages - Non-Whites¹ 6 58.7 6 5 4 3 2 7.9 8.2 21.0 19.0 37.7 14.0 33.2 5 4 3 2 9.9 6.6 19.5 19.9 36.8 33.7 35.8 43.1 Starting to take a role (Stage 1) Building knowledge & confidence (Stage 2) Taking action (Stage 3) Maintaining behaviors (Stage 4) Starting to take a role (Stage 1) Building knowledge & confidence (Stage 2) Taking action (Stage 3) Maintaining behaviors (Stage 4) ¹The sample size for this question was small, thus response should be interpreted with caution. 23

Healthy Behaviors When I do not understand, I am persistent in asking a doctor to explain something until I understand it. When I do not understand, I am persistent in asking a doctor to explain something until I understand it. 6 5 4 51.6 47.1 38.2 47.4 6 5 4 56.4 54.0 35.4 39.6 3 3 2 2 0.9 1.0 9.1 4.3 1.3 1.0 6.7 5.2 Strongly Disagree Disagree Agree Strongly Agree Strongly Disagree Disagree Agree Strongly Agree I am able to maintain a low fat diet. I am able to maintain a low fat diet. 6 5 46.5 46.8 6 5 48.9 51.4 4 3 31.0 27.5 4 3 31.1 25.9 2 7.7 6.0 14.6 19.5 2 7.0 8.0 12.8 14.5 Strongly Disagree Disagree Agree Strongly Agree Strongly Disagree Disagree Agree Strongly Agree I read the label on food bought at the grocery store to see what it contains. I read the label on food bought at the grocery store to see what it contains. 6 5 49.2 46.5 6 5 51.4 48.4 4 4 3 2 19.7 21.5 27.2 27.5 3 2 18.4 17.3 26.0 28.4 3.7 4.4 4.0 5.7 Strongly Disagree Disagree Agree Strongly Agree Strongly Disagree Disagree Agree Strongly Agree 24

I exercise on a regular basis. I exercise on a regular basis. 5 4 3 34.2 31.9 37.2 40.7 5 4 3 29.5 27.9 44.6 45.3 2 20.2 18.2 2 18.4 20.1 8.2 9.0 7.3 6.5 Strongly Disagree Disagree Agree Strongly Agree Strongly Disagree Disagree Agree Strongly Agree Most days of the week I eat at least 5 servings of fruits or vegetables. Most days of the week I eat at least 5 servings of fruits or vegetables. 5 4 33.6 37.7 45.0 34.9 5 4 36.8 34.7 42.3 42.6 3 3 2 7.5 8.3 13.8 18.8 2 6.0 6.1 14.8 16.4 Strongly Disagree Disagree Agree Strongly Agree Strongly Disagree Disagree Agree Strongly Agree Friends or family members ask me for advice on health care issues. Friends or family members ask me for advice on health care issues. 5 4 39.5 36.9 44.3 42.0 5 4 36.3 32.8 45.5 46.8 3 3 2 8.2 5.2 7.8 15.6 2 6.3 6.8 11.7 13.3 Strongly Disagree Disagree Agree Strongly Agree Strongly Disagree Disagree Agree Strongly Agree 25

Do you currently smoke tobacco or have you in the past smoked tobacco? Do you currently smoke tobacco or have you in the past smoked tobacco? 5 4 33.0 41.0 45.8 40.1 5 4 33.9 32.9 46.6 46.1 3 3 2 20.7 18.7 2 19.2 20.7 0.3 0.7 0.1, currently, in the past No Use smokeless tobacco, currently, in the past No Use smokeless tobacco If you currently smoke, did you get information about quitting smoking from your doctor or other health professional in the past 12 months? If you currently smoke, did you get information about quitting smoking from your doctor or other health professional in the past 12 months? 7 6 56.3 54.4 7 6 63.1 62.8 5 5 4 4 3 3 2 2 This question was asked for only those respondents who answered YES to the previous question. 26

Limitations in Activities During the past 4 weeks... How much did physical health problems limit your usual physical activities such as walking or climbing stairs? How much did physical health problems limit your usual physical activities such as walking or climbing stairs? 6 57.2 6 55.0 52.0 5 46.5 5 4 4 3 2 19.2 14.8 11.4 17.6 10.7 18.4 1.3 2.6 3 2 17.0 18.2 12.1 12.9 14.2 14.2 1.5 2.4 Not at all A little bit Some Quite a lot Could not do physical activities Not at all A little bit Some Quite a lot Could not do physical activities How much difficulty did you have doing your daily work, both at home and away from home, because of your physical health? How much difficulty did you have doing your daily work, both at home and away from home, because of your physical health? 7 6 62.5 7 6 57.6 53.4 5 4 42.2 5 4 3 24.6 3 2 14.3 18.9 9.9 11.4 14.0 1.6 0.1 2 16.7 18.2 12.2 14.6 11.9 13.0 1.4 0.6 Not at all A little bit Some Quite a lot Could not do daily work Not at all A little bit Some Quite a lot Could not do daily work How much did your health problems limit your usual social activities with family or friends? How much did your health problems limit your usual social activities with family or friends? 7 6 69.4 58.9 7 6 65.2 62.6 5 5 4 4 3 2 13.0 18.8 8.5 10.7 7.4 11.2 1.5 0.1 3 2 15.1 13.6 9.3 12.4 9.3 11.1 0.7 0.1 Not at all A little bit Some Quite a lot Could not do social activities Not at all A little bit Some Quite a lot Could not do social activities 27

Experiences with Health Care Professionals In this section, survey questions focus on the interactions and experiences of respondents with health care professionals. These figures show respondent attitudes about the quality of interactions and outreach by health care professionals, coordination between health care professionals, problems faced in getting care, and experiences with discrimination. Coordination among Health Care Professionals Do you think that coordination among all of the different health care professionals that you see is...? Do you think that coordination among all of the different health care professionals that you see is...? 8 7 77.5 68.5 8 7 72.0 74.2 6 6 5 5 4 4 3 2 7.8 8.1 14.5 23.2 3 2 8.1 6.1 19.7 19.6 Major problem Minor problem Not a problem at all Major problem Minor problem Not a problem at all Do you think that coordination among your health care professional(s) and alternative health care practitioner(s) is...? Do you think that coordination among your health care professional(s) and alternative health care practitioner(s) is...? 8 7 72.1 71.8 8 7 68.6 69.5 6 6 5 5 4 4 3 2 12.0 4.3 15.7 23.8 3 2 9.6 8.4 21.6 21.9 Major problem Minor problem Not a problem at all Major problem Minor problem Not a problem at all 28

Problems Getting Recommended Care During the past 12 months, was there any time when you had a medical problem but put off, postponed or did not seek medical care when you needed to? During the past 12 months, was there any time when you had a medical problem but put off, postponed or did not seek medical care when you needed to? 3 2 19.4 23.2 3 2 25.2 23.3 If you put off/postponed medical care in the past 12 months, what was the reason? * If you put off/postponed medical care in the past 12 months, what was the reason? * 7 6 55.7 68.9 7 6 59.8 60.7 5 4 3 2 4 24.6 16.4 7.0 3.2 8.7 0.5 2.2 5 4 3 2 37.7 30.6 12.4 9.8 6.3 11.5 1.7 1.7 Cost Did not have time Health insurance did not cover Did not agree with doctor recommendation Some other reason Cost Did not have time Health insurance did not cover Did not agree with doctor recommendation Some other reason During the past 12 months, was there any time when you did not fill a prescription for medicine? During the past 12 months, was there any time when you did not fill a prescription for medicine? 3 3 2 16.1 18.6 2 19.6 20.9 This question was asked for only those respondents who answered YES to the previous question. * See Appendix B for recorded responses in the "some other reason" category. 29

If you did not fill a prescription in the past 12 months, what was the reason? * If you did not fill a prescription in the past 12 months, what was the reason? * 7 6 5 4 61.5 52.8 44.1 35.8 7 6 5 4 53.8 57.2 41.1 38.1 3 3 2 2 1.8 0.6 1.7 5.1 3.5 0.1 1.1 0.3 2.5 0.8 5.6 6.4 3.7 4.6 2.6 Cost Did not have time Health insurance did not cover Did not agree with doctor recommendation Do not like to take medications Some other reason Cost Did not have time Health insurance did not cover Did not agree with doctor recommendation Do not like to take medications Some other reason Interaction with Health Care Professionals Thinking about the past 6 months, did your health care professional(s)... Explain things in a way you could understand? Explain things in a way you could understand? 6 5 55.3 45.9 47.9 6 5 49.8 49.4 45.9 46.1 4 38.3 4 3 3 2 2 4.8 2.7 1.4 3.3 3.2 3.1 0.9 1.2 Strongly Agree Agree Disagree Strongly Disagree Strongly Agree Agree Disagree Strongly Disagree Spend enough time with you? Spend enough time with you? 5 4 48.8 39.4 42.5 40.4 5 4 43.1 42.5 47.4 48.1 3 3 2 17.4 2 5.6 3.0 2.6 6.9 7.0 2.5 2.3 Strongly Agree Agree Disagree Strongly Disagree Strongly Agree Agree Disagree Strongly Disagree This question was asked for only those respondents who answered YES to the previous question. * See Appendix B for recorded responses in the "some other reason" category. 30

Thinking about the past 6 months, did your health care professional(s)... Treat you with respect and dignity? Treat you with respect and dignity? 7 6 60.1 55.8 7 6 57.6 59.3 5 4 35.9 40.4 5 4 39.3 36.7 3 3 2 2 2.8 3.3 0.9 0.3 2.2 2.7 0.8 1.2 Strongly Agree Agree Disagree Strongly Disagree Strongly Agree Agree Disagree Strongly Disagree Help you set specific goals to improve your diet? Help you set specific goals to improve your diet? 5 4 44.4 43.6 5 4 41.1 46.1 3 2 29.7 28.3 21.5 24.7 3 2 27.3 25.7 25.7 22.2 4.1 3.2 5.7 5.7 Strongly Agree Agree Disagree Strongly Disagree Strongly Agree Agree Disagree Strongly Disagree Help you set specific goals for exercise? Help you set specific goals for exercise? 5 4 44.0 41.9 5 4 41.2 47.6 3 2 27.1 23.1 22.6 30.6 3 2 22.3 20.5 30.5 26.6 6.0 4.1 5.8 5.0 Strongly Agree Agree Disagree Strongly Disagree Strongly Agree Agree Disagree Strongly Disagree 31

Thinking about the past 6 months, did your health care professional(s)... Teach you how to monitor your condition(s) so you could tell how you are doing? Teach you how to monitor your condition(s) so you could tell how you are doing? 6 5 4 3 2 33.9 27.5 38.2 47.0 22.8 20.2 6 5 4 3 2 29.6 29.5 44.5 52.6 21.6 15.1 4.9 5.2 4.1 2.6 Strongly Agree Agree Disagree Strongly Disagree Strongly Agree Agree Disagree Strongly Disagree Did your doctor or nurse arrange for you to see or attend any of the following for help to improve your health? 2 14.2 11.3 9.3 9.9 8.3 9.0 7.9 6.9 6.7 7.4 5.3 5.5 4.2 2.9 1.9 1.5 Dietician/ Nutritionist Support group Health coach Social Worker Smoking cessation program Exercise consultant Health related classes Alternative health practitioner Did your doctor or nurse arrange for you to see or attend any of the following for help to improve your health? 2 13.2 14.4 7.2 9.4 3.3 5.5 4.2 6.0 4.0 6.1 7.0 6.7 5.6 7.3 2.5 4.2 Dietician/ Nutritionist Support group Health coach Social Worker Smoking cessation program Exercise consultant Health related classes Alternative health practitioner 32

Outreach by Health Care Professionals In the past 12 months... Did you receive a phone call from any of your health care professionals or your health insurance company to see how you were doing without you calling them first? Did you receive a phone call from any of your health care professionals or your health insurance company to see how you were doing without you calling them first? 4 3 33.7 28.7 4 3 31.8 35.4 2 2 Did you get a letter, a postcard, an email or a call from any of your health care professionals or your health insurance company reminding you that you may be due for an appointment? Did you get a letter, a postcard, an email or a call from any of your health care professionals or your health insurance company reminding you that you may be due for an appointment? 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 70.5 68.7 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 63.8 68.1 Did you get any materials from your health care professionals or your health insurance company, like a newsletter, magazine, email, pamphlet, or videotape on how to care for your condition(s)? Did you get any materials from your health care professionals or your health insurance company, like a newsletter, magazine, email, pamphlet, or videotape on how to care for your condition(s)? 5 4 48.9 41.1 5 4 47.2 46.3 3 3 2 2 33

Satisfaction with Health Care Professionals Rate your care in the past year from all health care professionals who helped you take care of your condition (0-10 scale) Rate your care in the past year from all health care professionals who helped you take care of your condition (0-10 scale) 6 58.5 6 5 4 35.0 38.1 46.6 5 4 45.0 42.4 46.2 48.2 3 3 2 0.9 2.2 5.4 12.9 2 1.4 1.4 7.2 7.9 0-2 3-5 6-8 9-10 0-2 3-5 6-8 9-10 Discrimination Have you ever felt that the doctor or medical staff you saw judged you unfairly or treated you with disrespect because of...? 3 Have you ever felt that the doctor or medical staff you saw judged you unfairly or treated you with disrespect because of...? 3 2 21.0 2 7.4 1.2 3.6 2.8 1.5 4.7 2.7 NA 3.7 8.6 10.8 1.6 1.6 2.5 2.0 5.6 3.2 NA 5.2 Ability to pay/ How you Type of speak English health insurance Race/ Ethnicity Gender Age Ability to pay/ How you Type of speak English health insurance Race/ Ethnicity Gender Age Do you think there was ever a time when you would have gotten better medical care if you...? Do you think there was ever a time when you would have gotten better medical care if you...? 4.1 6.6 7.7 5.8 8.3 6.8 5.9 4.7 7.8 7.6 6.4 4.8 NA NA NA NA Belonged to different race/ethnic group Were opposite gender Were younger Spoke English more fluently Belonged to different race/ethnic group Were opposite gender Were younger Spoke English more fluently 34

Managing Chronic Conditions This section focuses on condition-specific medical experiences of survey respondents who said they had one or more of five chronic conditions: diabetes, hypertension, heath disease, asthma, and depression. Diabetes/High Blood Sugar This section is only asked for those with diabetes/high blood sugar. 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 In the past month, how often were you able to take your diabetes medications as your doctor has recommended? 82.4 66.2 6.5 25.1 4.3 3.6 0.3 0.2 1.0 6.1 3.8 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 In the past month, how often were you able to take your diabetes medications as your doctor has recommended? 66.2 61.8 12.7 16.2 3.8 3.1 1.4 0.7 2.0 4.1 15.3 14.0 Always Usually About half the time Rarely Never Not Applicable Always Usually About half the time Rarely Never Not Applicable In the past month, how often were you able to take your cholesterol and/or triglyceride (lipid) lowering medications as your doctor has recommended? In the past month, how often were you able to take your cholesterol and/or triglyceride (lipid) lowering medications as your doctor has recommended? 7 6 65.1 67.1 7 6 58.2 58.6 5 5 4 3 2 3.6 12.4 1.9 7.0 0.1 1.3 29.1 11.9 4 3 2 8.2 12.4 2.5 2.8 1.4 1.9 3.6 6.6 27.7 17.6 Always Usually About half the time Rarely Never Not Applicable Always Usually About half the time Rarely Never Not Applicable 35

In the past month, did you check your blood sugar at least once a week? In the past month, did you check your blood sugar at least once a week? 9 8 7 80.3 77.8 9 8 7 74.9 72.3 6 5 6 5 4 3 4 3 2 2 Do you know what your recommended cholesterol level should be? Do you know what your recommended cholesterol level should be? 8 7 6 5 70.9 56.6 8 7 6 5 53.6 46.5 4 4 3 3 2 2 In the past 12 months... About how many times has a doctor, nurse, or other health care professional checked your cholesterol level? About how many times has a doctor, nurse, or other health care professional checked your cholesterol level? 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 22.9 16.6 72.2 79.7 4.8 3.5 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 27.4 32.6 66.6 58.3 5.8 9.0 At least one time Two or more times Not checked At least one time Two or more times Not checked 36

In the past 12 months... About how many times has a doctor, nurse, or other health care professional checked your A1C level? About how many times has a doctor, nurse, or other health care professional checked your A1C level? 7 6 69.9 59.7 7 6 64.7 61.0 5 5 4 3 2 12.8 11.7 4.0 2.1 13.0 26.3 4 3 2 17.9 18.1 4.2 6.0 13.0 14.6 At least one time Two or more times Not checked in past 12 months Never heard of it At least one time Two or more times Not checked in past 12 months Never heard of it Have you had an eye screening or eye exam by an eye care professional (optometrist or ophthalmologist)? Have you had an eye screening or eye exam by an eye care professional (optometrist or ophthalmologist)? 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 86.3 65.0 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 73.5 68.8 Have you had a foot exam by a health care professional to look for circulation problems? Have you had a foot exam by a health care professional to look for circulation problems? 7 6 65.3 7 6 63.1 59.6 5 4 43.1 5 4 3 3 2 2 37

Hypertension/High Blood Pressure This section is only asked for those with hypertension/high blood pressure. In the past month, how often were you able to take your blood pressure medications as your doctor has recommended? 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 82.3 75.6 11.0 2.1 3.4 0.1 1.1 0.9 2.5 4.3 6.2 In the past month, how often were you able to take your blood pressure medications as your doctor has recommended? 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 78.7 74.2 11.2 14.0 2.5 2.5 1.3 1.4 1.3 3.1 5.0 4.7 Always Usually About half the time Rarely Never Not Applicable Always Usually About half the time Rarely Never Not Applicable In the past month, did you check your blood pressure at least once a week? In the past month, did you check your blood pressure at least once a week? 5 5 4 34.1 40.8 4 38.1 41.3 3 3 2 2 Do you know what blood pressure your doctor would like to see you have? Do you know what blood pressure your doctor would like to see you have? 8 7 73.7 69.6 8 7 75.1 78.4 6 6 5 5 4 4 3 3 2 2 38

Heart Disease This section is only asked for those with heart disease. In the past month, how often were you able to take your cholesterol and/or triglyceride (lipid) lowering medications as your doctor has recommended? In the past month, how often were you able to take your cholesterol and/or triglyceride (lipid) lowering medications as your doctor has recommended? 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 80.8 66.2 14.7 17.2 7.6 0.1 0.2 1.2 1.4 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 64.4 65.9 8.4 11.5 2.4 2.1 0.8 0.6 4.1 5.4 23.2 15.3 Always Usually About half the time Never Not Applicable Always Usually About half the time Rarely Never Not Applicable Do you know what your recommended cholesterol level should be? Do you know what your recommended cholesterol level should be? 6 54.4 6 56.2 58.7 5 44.0 5 4 4 3 3 2 2 In the past month, how often were you able to take your heart medication(s) as your doctor has recommended? 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 90.1 80.9 0.6 5.6 0.1 1.5 1.0 7.9 11.9 In the past month, how often were you able to take your heart medication(s) as your doctor has recommended? 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 79.3 77.9 5.8 10.7 3.5 2.1 1.8 0.4 2.6 4.8 9.9 5.3 Always Usually About half the time Rarely Never Not Applicable Always Usually About half the time Rarely Never Not Applicable 39

Do you have your blood pressure checked at least once a year? Do you have your blood pressure checked at least once a year? 1 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 10 99.4 1 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 98.5 96.9 Asthma This section is only asked for those with asthma. In the past month, how often were you able to take your asthma medications, including inhalers, as your doctor has recommended? In the past month, how often were you able to take your asthma medications, including inhalers, as your doctor has recommended? 6 5 53.7 45.0 6 5 57.6 54.6 4 4 3 2 19.6 18.4 11.1 3.2 6.4 7.6 5.3 9.7 12.2 7.1 3 2 17.2 17.3 9.7 7.0 4.6 7.8 3.7 6.0 7.4 7.5 Always Usually About half the time Rarely Never Not Applicable Always Usually About half the time Rarely Never Not Applicable In the past month, did you avoid things that make your asthma worse? In the past month, did you avoid things that make your asthma worse? 6 5 4 3 35.5 31.6 37.5 5 6 5 4 3 36.1 32.3 41.0 45.2 2 13.3 9.4 13.5 8.8 2 10.4 9.5 12.3 12.7 Always Sometimes Rarely Never Always Sometimes Rarely Never 40

Depression This section is only asked for those with depression. In the past month, how often were you able to take your depression medications as your doctor has recommended? In the past month, how often were you able to take your depression medications as your doctor has recommended? 7 6 5 62.3 52.4 7 6 5 62.0 55.2 4 4 3 2 17.7 18.2 1.2 1.4 6.4 0.1 1.1 5.5 22.1 11.0 3 2 18.1 12.3 4.0 4.7 2.5 1.7 5.8 6.5 13.9 13.7 Always Usually About half the time Rarely Never Not Applicable Always Usually About half the time Rarely Never Not Applicable In the past three months, how often were you able to attend counseling sessions for your depression exactly as your doctor recommended? In the past three months, how often were you able to attend counseling sessions for your depression exactly as your doctor recommended? 5 4 33.7 40.8 44.7 5 4 49.2 38.5 3 2 23.8 11.7 1.3 5.5 6.1 1.6 6.2 7.8 16.2 3 2 20.2 12.5 2.8 2.1 3.3 3.4 8.1 10.2 23.9 25.3 None of the sessions A few of the sessions Some of the sessions Most of the sessions All of the sessions Doctor did not recommend None of the sessions A few of the sessions Some of the sessions Most of the sessions All of the sessions Doctor did not recommend 41

Service Use The figures in this section provide information on the limitations experienced by respondents in going about daily activities and the use of different types of health care services. Sources of Health Care Services Where do you usually go when you are sick or need health care? Where do you usually go when you are sick or need health care? 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 87.9 76.8 3.5 6.1 4.7 11.1 2.0 0.7 2.3 1.2 1.9 1.3 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 77.3 74.9 11.3 9.2 3.6 2.5 1.7 3.2 2.9 5.1 3.0 4.8 Doctor's offices or private clinics Community health center or other public clinic Hospital outpatient department Urgent care clinic Hospital emergency room Some other place Doctor's offices or private clinics Community health center or other public clinic Hospital outpatient department Urgent care clinic Hospital emergency room Some other place Do you have a regular doctor or other health care professional you usually go to when you are sick or need health care? Do you have a regular doctor or other health care professional you usually go to when you are sick or need health care? 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 6.2 9.2 93.0 89.8 0.7 0.8 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 7.6 9.7 91.6 88.4 0.6 1.7 No More than 1 regular doctor No More than 1 regular doctor 42