NAVIGATION OPERATIONS ADVANCED COURSE (NAVOPS AC) Syllabus Current as of: 31 May 2017 Approval ASOpS/DON Expired certificate Signature X Mario Bustillos NAVOPS AC Flight Chief Signed by: BUSTILLOS.MARIO.J.1285126262 ADVANCED SPACE OPERATIONS SCHOOL Peterson AFB, Colorado Page 1 of 11
Table of Contents I.Navigation Operations Advanced Course... 3 NAVOPS AC Goal... 3 Course Objectives... 3 II.Academic Policies and Procedures... 3 Attendance Policy... 3 Student Participation... 3 Student Assignments/Homework... 4 Course Material... 4 Evaluations... 4 Graduation... 5 Academic Freedom... 5 Non-Attribution Policy... 5 Instructor-Student Relations... 6 III.Subject Matter Areas... 6 Block I GPS Fundamentals... 6 Block II GPS Signals and Codes... 6 Block III GPS Space Segment... 7 Block IV GPS Control Segment... 7 Block V GPS User Segment and Integration... 7 Block VI GPS Tactics and Navigation Warfare (NAVWAR)... 8 IV.Notional NAVOPS AC Schedule... 8 Page 2 of 11
I. NAVOPS AC The NAVOPS AC develops Position, Navigation, and Timing (PNT) and NAVWAR space professionals with in-depth knowledge to enhance system expertise and operations in a contested environment. This expertise will also be used to maximize PNT system development, acquisition, employment, and sustainment, as well as influencing NAVWAR application in joint planning and execution, and Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures (TTP) development. NAVOPS AC GOAL Provide students with an advanced level of understanding of the Global Positioning System (GPS) and how GPS and NAVWAR capabilities are used to support global joint military operations COURSE OBJECTIVES After graduating from the Navigation Operations Advanced Course, students will be able to: - Comprehend Global Positioning System (GPS) fundamentals - Apply information of GPS and other Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) signals, codes, and navigation messages to the user segment, space segment, and control segment - Comprehend how GPS Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures can be effectively employed to exploit Positioning, Navigation, and Timing (PNT) information in support of joint operations - Comprehend how NAVWAR capabilities are used to achieve and maintain PNT superiority in normal, contested, degraded, and/or operationally limited environments - Comprehend PNT equipment, threats, tactics, and operational considerations to effectively integrate PNT into joint operations - Analyze GPS signals, codes, messages, NAV data, and GIANT products to effectively integrate GPS into mission planning in joint operations II. Academic Policies and Procedures ATTENDANCE POLICY Student attendance at all class sessions is mandatory to successfully graduate from the NAVOPS AC. Students are expected to be on time to all lessons. Absences from class time must be preapproved by the government instructor. Routine medical/dental appointments should NOT be scheduled during class time. Unexcused absences can result in elimination from the course. The Elimination Board is comprised of the NAVOPS AC Flight Commander/Flight Chief, ASOpS/DO, ASOpS/DE, and ASOpS/CC. Page 3 of 11
STUDENT PARTICIPATION The course s format is interactive informal lecture, discussion, and exercises. Student participation is critical to success in reaching the learning objectives, as students typically bring a wide variety of experience and perspectives to the class. Students must come to class prepared to contribute to the class discussions. Distance Learning training modules will provide foundational knowledge for classroom lessons and discussions. Students will also learn from their classmates experience and knowledge. Students should challenge ideas or statements that don t seem correct -- whether made by instructors or other students -- but should do so to gain understanding. Bottom line: to foster the best possible learning experience students should be prepared, be engaged, and be professional. STUDENT ASSIGNMENTS/HOMEWORK Students must complete the Distance Learning training modules listed in the ASOpS provided welcome letter prior to the course start. Additionally, students will research periodicals, the Internet, newspapers, and other provided sources to develop their own 5 Minute briefing on a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) current event. It is highly recommended that all students review the course material from each day to study for quizzes and tests. COURSEWARE Students will receive a copy of the unclassified courseware on computer disk on the first day of class. Paper copies of courseware will NOT be distributed or made available for student use. If the student wishes to study outside of the classroom, it is recommended they print copies of the courseware or have access to a computer in their home or hotel room. Students will bring additional materials to take unclassified notes. Please note student owned or supplied computers will NOT be permitted in the classroom. EVALUATIONS There are four closed-book quizzes and three closed-book tests at the knowledge and comprehension levels of learning in this course. Tests and quizzes have a combination of multiple choice, matching, fill in the blank, true/false, and essay questions. A graded capstone will be completed also at the application and analysis level. The quizzes are intended to support student learning and retention of important lesson material and will not result in academic failure. Evaluation Description Weight Quiz 1 (Block 1) Multiple Choice/Matching/True or False 2.5% Quiz 2 (Block 2) Multiple Choice/Matching/True or False 2.5% Block 1-2 Test Multiple Choice/Short Answer/Essay Questions 15% Quiz 3 (Block 4) Multiple Choice/Matching/True or False 2.5% Block 3-4 Test Multiple Choice/Short Answer/Essay Questions 15% Block 5 Test Multiple Choice/Short Answer/Essay Questions 15% Quiz 4 (Block 6) Multiple Choice/Matching/True or False 2.5% SWX 1101 Team Exercise and Presentation 10% SWX 1103 and 1106 Team Exercises and Presentation 35% Page 4 of 11
The minimum passing grade for written tests is 70%. Students will be provided additional training should they fail a written test and be given the opportunity to take an alternate test. If a student fails the second test, an academic board will be convened with the lead government instructor, ASOpS/DO, ASOpS/DE, and ASOpS/CC to determine if the student is allowed to continue. GRADUATION Students must successfully attend 90% of the lessons, per the attendance policy above, score a minimum of 70% on each graded event, and maintain an academic average of 75% or better to graduate. ASOpS may authorize a waiver of graduation requirements when students can not complete them due to extenuating circumstances. Consideration will be given to what is in the best interest of the government, service, unit, and the student. Successful completion of the NAVOPS AC is followed by a graduation ceremony. All graduating students should plan on attending graduation. The uniform for graduation is standard class attire, not travel clothes. ACADEMIC FREEDOM Academic freedom is the privilege of debate with discretion on any subject related to the ASOpS curriculum within the classrooms. Guest lecturers, faculty, and students are encouraged to support or criticize any objective, policy, or opinion in the pursuit of knowledge and understanding, but with dignity and respect. Bottom line: be professional. NON-ATTRIBUTION POLICY Non-attribution Definition: Treating statements made in a school forum (including but not limited to seminar discussion, CD-ROM, and online) as privileged information. Do not attribute any statements to a specific individual. Non-attribution Policy: Statements, disagreement, and other comments made by individuals or groups in the school forum are safeguarded through the practice of non-attribution. It is acceptable to say a "previous speaker" made a particular statement, but the speaker's name will not be divulged. Student Responsibility: Individuals who violate the non-attribution policy are subject to adverse administrative and disciplinary action. Military personnel subject to the UCMJ who violate the non-attribution policy are subject to disciplinary actions under the UCMJ. Cases involving civilian personnel will result in a memorandum to the civilian's supervisor describing their violation of the ASOpS academic freedom policy. Students are also subject to faculty board action under AFCAT 36-2223, USAF Formal School, and AFI 51-602, Boards of Officers. Page 5 of 11
INSTRUCTOR-STUDENT RELATIONS Students are encouraged to consult with instructors concerning problems with subject matter, grade computations or academic assignments. The NAVOPS AC faculty is extremely interested in student success, and will make every effort to help settle any issues. The chain of command for resolving conflicts in academic matters is the instructor, the Flight Commander/ Flight Chief, ASOpS/DO, and the ASOpS/CC. III. Subject Matter Areas BLOCK I GPS FUNDAMENTALS This is a general overview block that provides a foundation and roadmap for future lessons. This block prepares the students for what is to come by providing them a basic understanding of GPS as a system, db math, the GPS orbital environment, and an introduction to the concepts and terms used throughout the course. Block I Goals The goals of this block are to comprehend how history, law, policy, and doctrine have shaped current GPS development and operations; know the missions and segments of GPS; and comprehend the effects of GPS orbital characteristics and the space environment on GPS satellites. BLOCK II GPS SIGNALS AND CODES This Block is a deep-dive into the GPS signals, PRN codes, navigation message structure, navigation accuracy concepts, GPS crypto structure, and SAASM capabilities. Comprehension of these topics are vital to fully grasp the concepts taught through the rest of the course. Block II Goals The goals of this block are to comprehend the fundamental components of the GPS signal; comprehend the different PRN codes GPS satellites can transmit; comprehend the different navigation messages GPS satellites can transmit; analyze the processes involved in obtaining a GPS navigation solution and the factors that affect solution accuracy; and comprehend the use and purpose of cryptography and SAASM as they pertain to GPS. Page 6 of 11
BLOCK III GPS SPACE SEGMENT This block provides an introduction to spacecraft systems and subsystems. Lessons are developed in a way that even if the student does not have a space background they can comprehend the key concepts and processes required to progress through the course. Block III Goals The goals of this block are comprehend the spacecraft functions necessary for GPS Space Segment operations; comprehend the capabilities different spacecraft blocks bring to the GPS service; and apply impacts of a contested, degraded, and/or operationally limited environment on the GPS Space Segment and relate them to mission impact. BLOCK IV GPS CONTROL SEGMENT This Block goes into more of the science behind the control segment estimation/prediction (Kalman Filter) process that makes GPS such an accurate and reliable navigation system. Students will also learn about the equipment utilized to control GPS satellites. Block IV Goals The goals of this block are to comprehend Geodesy s relationship to navigation; apply GPS Control Segment roles to GPS missions; comprehend the Control Segment operational dependencies on other organizations; and apply impacts of a contested, degraded, and/or operationally limited environment on the GPS Control Segment and relate them to mission impact. BLOCK V GPS USER SEGMENT AND INTEGRATION This Block is a broad brush investigation into the many uses and users of GPS for navigation and timing. Most of the focus will be on military users and equipment but lessons will also address civilian users and equipment. This block is essential for the students to comprehend before continuing into the next block and Capstone. Page 7 of 11
Block V Goals The goals of this block are to apply GPS receiver and antenna fundamentals to user applications; know DoD and Civilian Agencies that handle GPS related issues; interpret navigation accuracy prediction and observation products; comprehend military uses and applications of GPS in different domains; comprehend civilian uses and applications of GPS in different domains; and comprehend GPS augmentation principles and applications. BLOCK VI GPS TACTICS AND NAVIGATION WARFARE (NAVWAR) This Block is the culmination of all the previous blocks and lessons. Students will learn some new concepts and skills such as electronic warfare, GPS jamming, GPS Interference resolution, mission planning, creating GIANT products, cyberwarfare, foreign SATNAV, and theater operations. They will then apply this combined knowledge in their capstone exercise. Block VI Goals The goals of this block are to comprehend electronic warfare principles and GPS jamming mitigation strategies; apply GPS Tactics, Techniques and Procedures to exploit PNT information in support of the Joint Operations Planning Process (JOPP); demonstrate basic functions and applications of the GPS Interference and Navigation Tool (GIANT) software program; comprehend NAVWAR policy, doctrine and concept of operations; apply NAVWAR response options to achieve and maintain PNT superiority in normal, contested, degraded, and/or operationally limited environment; comprehend how GPS modernization efforts affect the warfighter; and comprehend the capabilities and limitations of foreign satellite navigation systems. IV. Notional NAVOPS Advanced Course Schedule (Students will receive a current schedule on day-1 of the course) Lesson Title/Activity Day 1 Course and Administration Commanders Welcome Evolution of Navigation and History of GPS GPS System GPS Related Strategy, Policy, and Doctrine Basics of db Math Page 8 of 11
Day 2 GPS Law Orbital Environment and EM Spectrum Quiz 1 (Block 1) GPS Signal Theory Basics Ice Breaker Lunch Pseudo-Random Noise (PRN) Codes Navigation Message Day 3 Navigation Solution Selective Availability and Anti-Spoof Module (SAASM) Group Exercise 1 (Block 2) Quiz 2 (Block 2) Blocks 1 & 2 Review Satellite Mission Supporting Subsystems Student Study Time Day 4 Test (Blocks 1 & 2) Navigation Payload and Supporting Subsystems Nuclear Detonation (NUDET) Detection Systems (NDS) GPS Spacecraft Limitations and Vulnerabilities Group Exercise 2 (Block 3) GPS Control Segment NAV Message Conversion Exercise Day 5 Test Review (Blocks 1 & 2) Geodesy Launch, Disposal, and Residuals GPS Estimation and Prediction Day 6 GPS Agency Dependencies NGA and USNO Constellation Management and Maintenance Control Segment Limitations and Vulnerabilities Group Exercise 3 (Block 4) Quiz 3 (Block 4) Block 3 & 4 Review Capstone and Prep Capstone Part I Day 7 Test (Blocks 3 & 4) GPS Antennas, Receiver Fundamentals, and Applications User Operations Product Interpretation GPS Augmentation Tour (USNO, AFTAC, 2 SOPS User Ops and Ops Floor) Page 9 of 11
Day 8 GPS Civilian Navigation Applications Timing (Military and Civilian) Applications Space Mission Applications of GPS Joint Friendly Force Tracking (JFFT) Personnel Recovery (PR) GPS/Inertial Navigation System (INS) Integration GPS Aided Munitions Day 9 Military Aircraft and UAS Applications of GPS Naval Applications of GPS Joint Forces Land Component Command GPS Applications Group Exercise 4 (Block 5) GPS TTPs, Employment, and Lessons Learned (AFTTP 3-1GPS) Foreign SATNAV Block 5 Review and Student Self Study Day 10 Test (Block 5) Electronic Warfare (EW) Navigation Warfare (NAVWAR) CONOPS CDO Lab and Exercise Day 11 Test Review (Block 5) GPS Jammers Capstone Part II GPS Interference and Navigation Tool (GIANT) Day 12 Cyber Threats and Countermeasures Theater Operations and GPS Applications GPS Interference Resolution NAVWAR Current Intelligence Briefing JFCC-Space Joint Navigation Warfare Center (JNWC) Future GPS Modernization Quiz 4 (Block 6) Day 13 Tour (Lockheed Martin GPS III Waterton Complex) Day 14 Capstone Part III (Prep) Capstone Part III (Presentation) Debrief Process (Prep) Page 10 of 11
Day 15 Debrief Process (Presentations) Course Feedback Clean-up Graduation Tour TS/SCI Students only (Mission Management Center (MMC) / FFT) Page 11 of 11