Engineering Collaborations Coupling the Middle East and the United States: Areas of Interest to the National Science Foundation

Engineering Collaborations Coupling the Middle East and the United States: Areas of Interest to the National Science Foundation John J. McGrath, Ph.D. Division Director Chemical, Bioengineering, Environmental & Transport Systems Engineering Directorate National Science Foundation USA jmcgrath@nsf.gov May 13, 2010

Outline PresentationAvailable at: www.ryerson.ca/~ictea How NSF Works: Mission and Structure Priority Funding Areas: NSF & Engineering How International Collaborations are Formed Nature & Characteristics of Strong Collaborations Where to Find NSF Information Mechanisms of Funding International Collaborations Scope of Current Collaborations in the Middle East-North Africa (MENA) Examples of Current Collaborations in MENA Possible Future Opportunities with USAID Possible Centers of Excellence in MENA

"A New Beginning" U.S. President Barack Obama speaking at Cairo University on June 4, 2009 On economic development, Obama described several new funds, scholarship programs and partnerships to support education, technological development and better health care in Muslim-majority countries.

US National Science Foundation - Current annual budget = 6 Billion USD - US government agency with a domestic mandate Supports U.S. science & engineering research and workforce development - Accepts proposals and gives awards to U.S. Universities & Institutions (10,000 awards annually) - Competitive, merit-based, peer review model

International cooperation in science is not a luxury; it is a necessity and the foundation for the future. Arden L. Bement, Jr. NSF Director May 2006 Investing in America s Future Strategic Plan FY 2006-2011 NSF 06-48 Strengthen the nation s collaborative advantage by developing unique networks and innovative partnerships...both nationally and internationally, to leverage intellectual capabilities.

NSF supports international collaboration to: Advance the frontiers of science and engineering Provide access to unique expertise, facilities, and phenomena located outside the U.S. Identify opportunities to leverage U.S. resources Prepare a globally-engaged U.S. S&E workforce Develop an understanding of global science Nurture capable, confident, adaptable young researchers with strong international networks

Organization of NSF Disciplinary Programs NSF Office of the Director Office of Cyberinfrastructure (OCI) Office of Integrative Activities (OIA) Office of International Science and Engineering (OISE) Office of Polar Programs (OPP) NSF Directorates Biological Sciences (BIO) Computer and Information Science and Engineering (CISE) Education and Human Resources (EHR) Engineering (ENG) Mathematical and Physical Sciences (MPS) Geosciences (GEO) Social, Behavioral and Economic Sciences (SBE)

Overseas Offices Europe - Paris Japan Tokyo China - Beijing Office of International Science & Engineering Office of the Director Africa, Near East, & South Asia Americas East Asia & Pacific Europe and Eurasia Global Initiatives Partnerships for International Research & Education (PIRE)

Directorate for Engineering FY 2010 Emerging Frontiers in Research & Innovation (EFRI) $29M $765M Office of the Assistant Director Deputy Assistant Director Program Director for Diversity & Outreach Senior Advisor Nanotechnology Engineering Education and Centers (EEC) Civil, Mechanical, and Manufacturing Innovation (CMMI) $132M $192M Chemical, Electrical, Bioengineering, Industrial Communications Environmental, Innovation and and Cyber and Transport Partnerships Systems Systems (IIP) (ECCS) (CBET) $160M $96M $156M

Presidential Priorities Energy and climate Cyber-infrastructure Nanotechnology Convergence of biology and the physical sciences/engineering Innovation Crosscutting priorities Increasing support for high-risk/highreturn research Tripling the number of Graduate Research Fellowships Increasing support for early investigators

NAE GRAND CHALLENGES

FY 2010 NSF Initiatives FY10 Budget Request to Congress Cyber-enabled Discovery and Innovation (CDI) Science and Engineering Beyond Moore s Law (SEBML) National Nanotechnology Initiative (NNI) RE-ENERGYSE Graduate Research Fellowships (GRF) CAREER Awards Broadening Participation Science & Technology Centers (STCs) Transformative Interdisciplinary Research Climate Change Science Program Climate Research Networking and Information Technology R&D

FY 2011 NSF Initiatives FY11 Budget Request to Congress Cyber-enabled Discovery and Innovation (CDI) Science and Engineering Beyond Moore s Law (SEBML) RE-ENERGYSE Graduate Research Fellowships (GRF) CAREER Awards Broadening Participation Transformative Interdisciplinary Research- National Interests Bio-Economy & Advanced Manufacturing (Cyber-Physical Systems) National Nanotechnology Initiative (NNI) Nano-manufacturing & Nano-Environmental Health and Safety Science, Engineering and Education for Sustainability (SEES) Innovation

How do collaborations develop? Organically, through formal or informal relationships between scientists and engineers Papers Conferences Researcher exchanges (email, phone) Sabbaticals/postdocs Support (or nudges ) from NSF or other funding mechanisms Workshops NSF solicitations Coordinated/joint calls between domestic and/or international funding organizations

What makes a strong international research collaboration? True intellectual collaboration that benefits both sides is essential. Key questions NSF considers when reviewing a proposal with an international partnership. Could the research be completed without the international collaboration? What added contribution(s) does the international collaboration make regional expertise, facilities, resources, etc.? Note: NSF is not an aid or capacity building agency.

What can be done with NSF funds in international research projects? Funds are awarded to a US Institution Developed Countries: Sending side pays Developing Countries: Additional options Salaries/stipends for foreign scientists at US institutions Supplies and materials for foreign scientists while in the US Research expenses for US Principle Investigators while in the foreign partner s laboratories or field sites Travel for exchanges both ways

National Science Foundation Office of International Science and Engineering Engineering International http://www.nsf.gov

National Science Foundation Office of International Science and Engineering

How does NSF provide support to Principle Invetigators for international collaboration? Integral component of proposals submitted to NSF disciplinary programs

Chemical, Bioengineering, Environmental & Transport Systems Deputy Division Director Bob Wellek Division Director John McGrath Senior Advisor Marshall Lih Chemical, Biochemical, and Biotechnology Systems Transport and Thermal Fluids Biomedical Engineering and Engineering Healthcare Environmental Engineering and Sustainability Process and Reaction Engineering Maria Burka Thermal Transport Processes Ted Bergman Research to Aid Persons with Disabilities Ted Conway Environmental Engineering Paul Bishop Catalysis and Biocatalysis George Antos Biotechnology Theresa Good Chemical and Biological Separations Rose Wesson Interfacial Processes and Thermodynamics Bob Wellek Particulate and Multiphase Processes Marc Ingber Fluid Dynamics Henning Winter Combustion, Fire, and Plasma Systems Arvind Atreya Biomedical Engineering Semahat Demir Biophotonics Leon Esterowitz Environmental Implications of Emerging Technologies Cindy Ekstein Energy for Sustainability Greg Rorrer Environmental Sustainability Bruce Hamilton

Civil, Mechanical, & Manufacturing Innovation Division Director Steven McKnight Deputy Director George Hazelrigg Advanced Manufacturing Mechanics and Engineering Materials Resilient and Sustainable Infrastructures Systems Engineering and Design Manufacturing and Construction Machines and Equipment George Hazelrigg Manufacturing Enterprise Systems Cerry Klein Material Processing and Manufacturing Jocelyn Harrison NanoManufacturing Shaochen Chen GeoMechanics and GeoTechnical Systems Richard Fragaszy Materials and Surface Engineering Clark Cooper Mechanics of Materials Ken Chong Nano and Bio Mechanics Demitris Kouris Structural Materials and Mechanics Lawrence Bank Civil Infrastructure Systems Dennis Wenger Network for Earthquake Engineering Simulation Joy Pauschke Geotechnical Engineering Richard Fragaszy Hazard Mitigation and Structural Engineering M.P. Singh Infrastructure Management and Extreme Events Dennis Wenger Control Systems Suhada Jayasuriya Dynamical Systems Edward Misawa Engineering Design and Innovation Christina Bloebaum Operations Research Robert Smith Service Enterprise Systems Cerry Klein Sensors and Sensing Systems Shih Chi Liu

Electrical, Communications & Cyber Systems Division Director Robert Trew Senior Advisor Lawrence Goldberg Electronics, Photonics and Device Technologies Power, Controls and Adaptive Networks Integrative, Hybrid and Complex Systems Optoelectronics; Nanophotonics; Ultrafast and Extreme Ultra- Violet Technologies Eric Johnson Micro/Nanoelectronics; Bioelectronics; NEMS/MEMS; Sensors Vacant Micro/Nanoelectronics; Molecular Electronics; Spin Electronics; Organic Electronics; Micromagnetics; Power Electronics Pradeep Fulay Microwave Photonics; Millimeter, Sub-millimeter and Terahertz Frequency Devices and Components; MMIC Usha Varshney Embedded, Distributed and Adaptive Control; Sensing and Imaging Networks; Systems Theory; Telerobotics Radhakisan Baheti Power and Energy Systems and Networks; Interdependencies of Power and Energy in Critical Infrastructures; Power Drives; Renewable and Alternative Energy Sources Dagmar Niebur Adaptive Dynamic Programming; Neuromorphic Engineering; Quantum and Molecular Modeling and Simulations of Devices and Systems Pinaki Mazumder RF and Optical Wireless and Hybrid Communications Systems; Inter and Intra-chip Communications; Mixed Signals Andres Weisshaar Micro and Nano Systems; Systems-on-a-chip; Systemin-a-Package; Diagnostic and Implantable Systems Yogesh Gianchandani Cyber Systems; Signal Processing Scott Midkiff

Engineering Education and Centers Division Director Allen Soyster Deputy Director for Engineering Centers Lynn Preston Senior Staff Associate Win Aung Deputy Director for Engineering Education Sue Kemnitzer Civil Infrastructure John Daniels ERC Diversity and Pre-College Education Mary Poats Nanoscale Science and Engineering Deborah Jackson Barbara Kenny Bioengineering Vacant Cross-Directorate Programs Sharon Middledorf Earthquake Engineering Vacant Microelectronics Systems and Information Deborah Jackson Barbara Kenny Nanotechnology Undergraduate Education Mary Poats International Research and Education in Engineering Win Aung Bioengineering and Bioinformatics Summer Institutes Mary Poats Engineering Education Sue Kemnitzer John Daniels Research Experiences for Teachers Mary Poats Research Experience for Undergrads Esther Bolding

NSF ENG/EEC: Gen-3 Engineering Research Centers Partner with foreign universities and provide unique opportunities for research and learning collaboration that will prepare U.S. engineering graduates for leadership in innovation in a global economy http://www.nsf.gov/funding/pgm_summ.jsp?pims_id=5502z

Engineering Research Centers Engineering Research Centers 15 in operation, including 5 new for 2008 Funding for 10 years 2-year process from solicitation to funding FY2010 solicitation is underway Nanoscale Science and Engineering Centers 6 of 10 are engineering 2007 solicitation to establish a Center for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology

Engineering Research Centers FY 2010 awards will be made in the following topic areas: Complex, coupled physical civil infrastructure systems under stress Energy systems for a sustainable future Transformational engineered systems open category with topic chosen by the proposing ERC team ~$13M to fund 2 4 awards Letters of Intent due May 15, 2009; preliminary proposals due July 15, 2009 invited full proposals due Jan. 12, 2010 ENG Contact Lynn Preston

Industrial Innovation & Partnerships Division Director Kesh Narayanan AAAS Fellow James Brown Academic Partnerships Donald Senich Small Business Partnerships Joe Hennessey Grant Opportunities for Academic Liaison with Industry Donald Senich Industry/University Cooperative Research Centers Rathindra DasGupta Glenn Larsen Partnerships for Innovation Sara Nerlove Advanced Electronics Advanced Manufacturing Advanced Materials Biotechnology Civil Infrastructure Systems Energy and the Environment Fabrication and Processing Technology Health and Safety Information and Communications Quality, Reliability and Maintenance System Design and Simulation Advanced Materials and Manufacturing Cheryl Albus Biotechnology and Chemical Technology Thomas Allnutt, Vacant, Cynthia Znati Electronics Juan Figueroa, Murali Nair, William Haines Information Technology Errol Arkilic, Ian Bennett Special Topics James Rudd, George Vermont

Industrial Innovation & Partnerships IIP supports a wide spectrum of Technology Areas - Advanced Materials - Manufacturing - Civil Infrastructure Systems - Chemical-Based Technologies - Energy and Environment - Biotechnology - Electronics - Information-Based Technologies

Office of International Science and Engineering NSF ENG/IREE: International Research and Education for Engineers Supplemental awards to promote international collaboration and student international engagement 3 month minimum in foreign country In FY2007, more than 100 supplements awarded, most with OISE co-funding http://www.nsf.gov/funding/pgm_summ.jsp?pims_id=13705&org=n SF

How does NSF provide support to PIs for international collaboration? Supplements to existing NSF awards

NSF Wide: Research Experiences for Undergraduates (REU) Across all disciplinary areas Either new awards (REU sites) or supplements to existing awards http://www.nsf.gov/funding/pgm_summ.jsp?pims_id=5517

Office of International Science and Engineering How does NSF provide support to PIs for international collaboration? Proposals to OISE

International http://www.nsf.gov/oise

Office of International Science and Engineering Criteria for OISE funding True intellectual collaboration New, catalytic research opportunities Benefit to US science community Active engagement of students & junior researchers

Office of International Science and Engineering International Funding Opportunities Are Available For: US Faculty US Postdoctoral Researchers US Students (Graduate and Undergraduate ) US Teachers

Office of International Science and Engineering International Funding Opportunities for Faculty Planning Visits Workshops Pan-American Advanced Studies Institutes program (PASI) Partnerships for International Research and Education (PIRE)

Office of International Science and Engineering Planning Visits Supports travel by small teams of U.S. researchers to plan new collaborations Intended outcome: collaborative proposal to NSF research directorate 7-14 days duration $20,000 maximum budget http://www.nsf.gov/publications/pub_summ.jsp?wt.z_pims_id=12815&ods _key=nsf04035

Office of International Science and Engineering Workshops Small, focused meetings co-organized by U.S. and foreign PIs to identify areas of joint research interest and to develop new collaborations OISE supports U.S. faculty and students Intended outcome: proposal to NSF research directorate $60,000 maximum award http://www.nsf.gov/publications/pub_summ.jsp?wt.z_pims_id=12815&ods_k ey=nsf04035

Office of International Science and Engineering Pan-American Advanced Studies Institutes Modeled on NATO Advanced Studies Institutes Two to four week courses at the advanced graduate and postdoc level Supported by NSF (ENG, BIO, MPS) and DOE http://www.nsf.gov/funding/pg m_summ.jsp?pims_id=5327&org =OISE&from=home

Office of International Science and Engineering Partnerships for International Research & Education (PIRE) Research excellence via international collaboration Significant student training and outreach Strengthened international engagement by U.S. institutions Five year awards PIRE budget FY10-14: $40,000,000 http://www.nsf.gov/funding/pgm_summ.jsp?pims_id=12819

PIRE I Awards PIRE II Awards

Office of International Science and Engineering PIRE: Modeling of Flood Hazards and Geomorphic Impacts of Levee Breach and Dam Failure US PI: Hanif Chaudhry, University of South Carolina Portuguese, Flemish, and Pakistani collaborators with unique facilities and expertise Projects include dam break flood, morphological impacts of dam break, and scale numerical modeling of dam breaks

Office of International Science and Engineering International Funding Opportunities for Postdoctoral Researchers Inclusion in NSF disciplinary awards Disciplinary Postdoctoral Fellowships International Research Fellowship Program

Office of International Science and Engineering International Research Fellowship Program (IRFP) Provide young scientists with international research opportunities for 9-24 months U.S. citizens/permanent residents with a PhD are eligible, but cannot have had a PhD longer than two years Applications from women and minorities, and for work in developing countries are especially encouraged. http://www.nsf.gov/funding/pgm_summ.jsp?pims_id=5179&org=oise&from=home

Office of International Science and Engineering International Funding Opportunities for Graduate and Undergraduate Students Participation in NSF disciplinary awards and OISE faculty awards (eg, PIRE, workshops, planning visits) Integrative Graduate Education and Research Traineeship (IGERT) Graduate Research Fellowships Doctoral Dissertation Enhancement Projects (DDEP) East Asia and Pacific Summer Institutes (EAPSI) International Research Experiences for Students (IRES) International Research Experience for Undergrads (REU)

Office of International Science and Engineering Doctoral Dissertation Enhancement Project (DDEP) Travel support for international doctoral research Collaborative, with intellectual involvement of foreign institution U.S. faculty mentor is PI on proposal $15,000 maximum http://www.nsf.gov/funding/pgm_summ.jsp?pims_id=12831&org=oise&from=home

Office of International Science and Engineering International Research Experiences for Students (IRES) Faculty submits proposal for training graduate and/or undergraduate students Supports small groups of students for focused research experiences overseas $150,000 max ($50,000 per year for up to 3 years) http://www.nsf.gov/funding/pgm_summ.jsp?pims_id=12831&org=oise&from=home

Office of International Science and Engineering OISE Does Not Typically Fund Travel grants (research-related travel costs should be included in standard research proposals to NSF) Sabbaticals Costs of the foreign counterpart, with rare exceptions (discuss with the country Program Officer before submitting a proposal) Foreign assistance

Office of International Science and Engineering Are there ways to Support Foreign Partners? Mainly through a US Institution Developed Countries: Sending side pays Developing Countries: Additional options Salaries/stipends for foreign scientists at US institutions Supplies and materials for foreign scientists while in the US Research expenses for US PIs while in the foreign partner s laboratories or field sites Travel for exchanges both ways

US National Science Foundation Scope of Current NSF Engineering Activity in Middle East North Africa (MENA) Algeria: 1 Egypt: 56 Jordan: 3 Kuwait: 2 Morocco: 1 Saudi Arabia: 1 Tunisia: 5

US-Egypt Joint Science and Technology Fund Goals of the Joint Fund: -To strengthen the scientific and technological capabilities of both countries. - To broaden and expand relations between the scientific and technical communities. -To promote scientific and technological cooperation in areas of mutual benefit for peaceful purposes. http://cairo.usembassy.gov/usegypt/index.htm

US National Science Foundation Examples of NSF/OISE Engineering Activity in MENA Materials for Energy Conversion, Turbulent Pre-Mixed Flames, Flow Structures Near Stationary and Oscillating Impingement Plate, Photoacoustic and Photothermal Phenomena, Collaboration on Renewable Energy, Energy Integration and Biomass Conversion, Welding Modeling, Sustainable Green Buildings, Photovoltaic Power Conversion, Water, Climate Change, Wireless Smart Sensors, Nanotechnology, Nano Composites, Nanofibers for Wound Healing, Titanium Implants, Image Analysis for Renal Failure, Advanced Concrete Structures, Civil Infrastructure, In-Pipe Robotic Locomotion, RF MEMS Integration, Casting of Piezoelectric Ceramics, Women in Industrial Engineering

NSF ENG/CMMI: Resilient and Sustainable Infrastructures Aim: To advance fundamental knowledge and research on geotechnical, structural, and earthquake engineering, distributed infrastructure systems management and response to hazardous events. http://www.nsf.gov/funding/pgm_summ.jsp?pims_id=13545&org=nsf Examples of NSF Awards with International Dimensions: Effects of Environmental Cues and Informal and Official Warnings on Protective Action Decision Making: A Case Study for Earthquakes and Tsunamis in the Indian Ocean (Thailand) http://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showaward.do?awardnumber=0900662 Learning from Earthquakes (Global) http://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showaward.do?awardnumber=0758529 Preparing Cities for Climate Change: An International Comparative Assessment of Urban Adaptation Planning (Global)

NSF ENG/CBET: Environmental Engineering and Sustainability Aim: to support fundamental research and education that will reduce the adverse effects of pollutants and enable innovative processes for the sustainable production of electricity and transportation fuels. http://www.nsf.gov/funding/pgm_summ.jsp?pims_id=501033&org=cbet Examples of NSF Awards with International Dimensions: Mechanistic Laboratory and Field Evaluation of Sustainable Point-of-Use Water Treatment Technologies to Remove Turbidity and Deactivate Coliform Bacteria (Mexico) http://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showaward.do?awardnumber=0651966 US-Tanzania Workshop: Advancing the Structural Use of Earth-based Bricks; Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; 20-21 May 2009 http://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showaward.do?awardnumber=0914372 US/India Chemical Engineering Conference and Workshop on Energy and Sustainability http://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showaward.do?awardnumber=0845051

Materials World Network NSF Mathematical & Physical Sciences Directorate There are concurrent submissions to NSF and the international counterpart s funding agency FY2008 investment: ~$10 million in 80 awards (new & continuing) with 25 countries http://www.nsf.gov/funding/pgm_summ.jsp?pims_id=12820&org=nsf&sel_org=mps& from=fund

Basic Research to Enable Agricultural Development (BREAD) NSF Biological Sciences Directorate A partnership with the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation to support collaboration for transformative research Sub-awards to foreign institutions http://www.nsf.gov/funding/pgm_summ.jsp?pims_id=503403&org=bio

NSF funds international collaboration in science and engineering but not development assistance.

Congressional mandate is scientific research Primary client is the US science community Funding is allocated to US institutions Merit review for research proposals is fundamental Congressional mandate is foreign assistance Primary clients are developing countries Funding flows to foreign partner and/or US institution Bureaus, regions, and missions need buy-in

Memorandum of Understanding: NSF and the US Agency for International Development (USAID) April, 2008 MOU signed between NSF and USAID; no funding obligation NSF and USAID are leveraging funding on a case-by-case basis: - Peru workshop, where a $70K NSF award attracted $1M USAID - USAID follow-on funding of $2.5 million NSF PIRE for biodiversity research in Indonesia NSF and USAID are developing a mechanism to facilitate joint funding of awards

"A New Beginning" President Obama promised to establish at least three technology Centers of Excellence in the Middle East, North Africa, and Muslimmajority regions in Asia, An idea now under discussion by an interagency group. No Commitments yet. Seeking input at this stage.

US State Department Seeks input from S&T people in Muslim-majority countries Renewable Energy Center of Excellence Science Policy Center of Excellence

US State Department Renewable Energy Center of Excellence Goal: Advance research culture enabling science & engineering community in Muslim-majority countries (MMC) to assume a more prominent role in civil society, policy-making and economic development Strategic Approach: Academic partnerships between MMC institutions and US to strengthen host country institutions. Link institutions with similar technical objectives. Proposals should be sought from small group of MMC institutions with existing strength and ongoing activities in renewable energy. Create regional collaborations

US State Department What should a Renewable Energy Center work on? Which renewable energy topics outside of your field are gaps that are worth focusing on? Ideas for possible locations for a Center of Excellence: Suggestions for good partner institutions (other than your own)

US State Department Science Policy Center of Excellence Requests for assistance with science policy Apparent need to improve science policy Different definitions of science policy Possible Science Policy Center of Excellence Do attendees at ICTEA think about this at all? If so, what do they mean when they use the term? What institutions are associated with science policy? Ideas for possible locations for a Center of Excellence

OISE DeAndra Beck, PhD Program Director Africa, Near East, and South Asia Program (ANESA) Osman A. Shinaishin, Ph.D. Program Coordinator Africa, Near East and South Asia Graham Harrison, Ph.D. Program Director Robert Webber, Ph.D. Senior Science Policy Analyst Acknowledgements Mark Doyle, Ph.D. AAAS Science and Technology Policy Fellow

NSF: OISE & CBET/ENG Geoff Prentice, Ph.D. Program Director Acknowledgements US Department of State Eric Bone, Ph.D. Senior Scientist and Policy Adviser Office of Science & Technology Adviser to the Secretary of State BoneED@state.gov Lawrence Lin, Ph.D. Physical Sciences Officer Office of the Science and Technology Adviser to the Secretary (STAS)