Scheduling Aciviies for he Parol Boa Force Ping Cao, Greg Searle DSTO Defence Sysems Analysis Division Mark Horn, Houyuan Jiang, Phil Kilby CSIRO Mahemaical and Informaion Sciences July 2003
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Overview Inroducion The scheduling asks Problem-solving scheme Cos formulaions The sofware Possible furher developmen July 2003 Page 2
Inroducion CBM: scheduling crews also mainenances and pors. crews, boas, missions Carried ou by CSIRO wih DSTO, for he Replacemen Parol Boas projec. July 2003 Page 3
Scheduling asks summary Main asks: Se imings for missions and mainenances Deermine assignmens of crews o boas Consruc week-by-week schedule of aciviies for each boa and each crew. We assume a 12-monh planning period, wih one-week granulariy of ime. Muli-crewing makes for complexiy and is a primary driver of he projec. July 2003 Page 4
Scheduling asks - objecives 1 Spread imings evenly in each mission-group 2 Regular operaional cycles for crews 3a Leave during school holidays 3b A leas one leave during school holidays 3c Spread leave evenly in year 3d Desired leave block sizes 5 Minimise hand-overs 6 Minimise remoe hand-overs July 2003 Page 5
Scheduling asks consrains 1 1 Include UUC 2 Include all planned missions 3 Limied boas 4 Limied mission-ime 5 Boas available for surge 6 Resriced mainenance faciliies in pors 7 All missions assigned o crews 8 One aciviy a a ime per crew 9 Operaional workload limi 10a Leave quoa per crew 10b Minimum leave block size July 2003 Page 6
Scheduling asks consrains 2 12 A mos one workup mission per crew 13 Training every operaional cycle 15 All boa aciviies assigned o boas 16 One aciviy a a ime per boa 17 Boa mus have crew assigned 18 Limi no. of crews assigned o a boa 19 Limi no. of boas a crew is assigned o 20 Mainenance a crew's home por 21 Workup follow-up July 2003 Page 7
Problem-solving scheme 1. Generae a Flee Aciviy Schedule (FAS), wih imings for all mainenances and missions. 2. Generae a Combined Operaions Plan (COP), wih mainenances and missions assigned o crews, boas and pors. 3. Define deails of leave and raining for each crew in he COP. July 2003 Page 8
Problem-solving scheme: FAS Mission imings Mainenance imings July 2003 Page 9
Problem-solving scheme: COP Crews: week-by-week deploymens, leave, raining Crew 01: Crew 02: Crew 03: Crew 04: leave leave leave leave leave ec... Boas: week-by-week deploymens and mainenance Boa 01: Boa 02: Boa 03: ec... July 2003 Page 10
Local search echniques Seepes-descen improvemen: ake an arbirary saring plan and make he mos-improving small change. Repea unil no furher change is possible. Simulaed annealing: like improvemen, wih emporary reducions in qualiy. We sar ho (allowing random changes) and proceed slowly o a cooled sae, aiming for an well-ordered oucome. July 2003 Page 11
COP annealing (11B18CSA01-CopSA-2) 12000 COP cos during annealing - firs 1000 accepances 10000 8000 6000 4000 2000 0 0 Changes esed 4000 8000 July 2003 Page 12
2500 2000 1500 1000 500 COP annealing (11B18CSA01-CopSA-2) Cos over 1433718 ries, 65536 accepances 0 600000 800000 1000000 1200000 1400000 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 0 200000 400000 600000 July 2003 Page 13
Cos formulaion A scheduling plan comprises a FAS and a COP based on he FAS imings. For boh FAS and COP, overall soluion qualiy is measured as oal cos: Coss due o objecives, e.g. deviaions from equal-spaced imings for missions. Coss due o violaions of consrains, e.g. boa-weeks in violaion of he surge condiion. Some consrains are hard, some sof. July 2003 Page 14
Cos formulaion FAS FAS-01: cos 309.86 (O: 289.86, S: 20.00, H: 0.00)... [O1] Mission-group devs: 169.86 x 1.00 x 1 = 169.86 [O3a] Avoid school hols: 120 x 1.00 x 1 = 120.00 [C3] Toal boas used: 0 x 20.00 x 1 = 0.00 [0 weeks] [C4] Monhly miss-imes: 0.00 x 10.00 x 1 = 0.00 [0 mhs..] [C5] Surge available: 2 x 10.00 x 1 = 20.00 [2 weeks] [C6a] Mainenance cap: 0 x 20.00 x 1 = 0.00 [0 weeks] July 2003 Page 15
Cos formulaion COP COP-01: cos 524.0 (O: 384.0, S: 140.0, H: 0.0)... [O2] Regular op cycles: 105 x 1.0 x 1 = 105.0 [O3b] School holidays: 0 x 1.0 x 9.0 = 0.0 [O5] Toal handovers: 21 x 1.0 x 9.0 = 189.0 [06] Remoe handovers: 2 x 5.0 x 9.0 = 90.0 [C6b] Por capaciies: 0 x 20.0 x 1 = 0.0 [C8*] One ac per crew: 0 x 150.0 x 1 = 0.0 [C9] Toal opnal weeks: 0 x 10.0 x 1 = 0.0 [C12] Workup/crew <= 1: 0 x 10.0 x 1 = 0.0 [C13] Training/cycle: 14 x 10.0 x 1 = 140.0 [C16*] One ac per boa: 0 x 150.0 x 1 = 0.0 [C18] Crews per boa: 0 x 10.0 x 9.0 = 0.0 [C19] Boas per crew: 0 x 10.0 x 9.0 = 0.0 [C21] Workup followup: 0 x 10.0 x 9.0 = 0.0 July 2003 Page 16
The sofware CBM runs on a Windows PC, in a command-promp window. I/O is mainly Excel spreadshees. Good soluions for difficul problems can be obained in 15-60 minues. Technical awareness is required of users. July 2003 Page 17
Possible furher developmen as an operaional ool? 1. Make CBM more user-friendly, wih GUI. 2. Allow scheduling over a given calendar period insead of a sandard year. 3. Accep exising commimens, e.g. a beginning of planning period. 4. Mission prioriizaion. 5. More fairness for crews 6. Handle new scheduling condiions (squadrons?). July 2003 Page 18