Counter-Man-Portable Air Defense Systems James Tuttle Program Manager U.S. Department of Homeland Security Science & Technology
Threat Background C-MANPADS National Strategy Program Overview Briefing Outline Status C-MANPADS Technologies Selected Objectives Strategy Key Challenges and External Factors Government and Stakeholder Participation Contractors C-MANPADS Technical Solution Summary 2
MANPADS Threat to Commercial Aviation 40 non-terrorist attacks against commercial aircraft (mostly propeller aircraft) in war zones since 1975 Nov 28, 2002 - SA-7 attack on Israeli jetliner flying from Mombasa first MANPADS attack on commercial aircraft outside of war zone Nov 22, 2003 MANPADS Attack DHL Airbus A300 Aircraft in Iraq Potential for terrorist attack grows as we increase measures to counter onboard bombings and hijackings No specific, credible information about planned MANPADS attacks against U.S. commercial interests particularly within CONUS but remains a concern for the foreseeable future 3
National Strategy A Multi-Layered Approach Counter-MANPADS Non-Proliferation Department of State Global weapons stockpile Global export controls Buy-back program Technical Countermeasures DHS S&T Re-engineer and demonstrate technologies to counter threat National Airspace System FAA Tactical Operations DHS TSA Airport vulnerability assessments and mitigation plans Guidelines for identifying and reporting threats Elevated alert guidelines Intelligence CIA - DIA - TSA - FBI 4
Initial Solicitation (10-3-03) Industry Day (10-15-03) Program Status 24 White Papers received (10-27-03) 5 selected to submit full proposals (11-26-03) Proposals and oral presentations (12-3 thru 7-03) 3 contractors awarded OTP Agreements for Phase I (1-6-04) BAE Systems Northrop Grumman United Airlines System Requirement & Interim Design Reviews Completed Preliminary Design Reviews - PDR (July 04) Phase II Down Select (August 04) 5
Selected Contractor Designs Provide Mature Technologies Laser-based Technologies Expendable-based Technologies 6
Program Objectives Evaluate mature technologies that will best protect commercial airliners from MANPADS Balance Life Cycle Cost, Schedule, and Performance Clarify needs and requirements of the aviation community stakeholders Provide analysis and data to support decision process Effectiveness FAA Certification Life Cycle Costs (LCC) Aircraft Integration Issues Flight Safety Supportability (reliability/maintainability) 7
C-MANPADS Program Acquisition Strategy May 2003, DHS/S&T submitted program plan to Congress Establish Special Program Office to manage program and supporting technology efforts Maximize industry participation and innovation in evaluating mature technologies Use Other Transaction Prototype Agreements Encourage participation of non-traditional contractors 2-year, Two Phase Program Phase 1-6 month effort Downselect Phase 2 18 month effort 8
Phase I Activities System Requirements Review System concept and concept of operations System-level requirements analysis Interim Design Review Long-lead Items Identification Preliminary Design Review Concludes Phase I System design to meet commercial aviation protection requirements Airframe & avionics integration analysis and FAA certification issues Reliability and failure rate analysis Operating and maintenance analysis and trade-off approaches Lifecycle cost analysis [acquisition, integration, operating, and support costs] 9
Phase II Activities Critical Design Review Finalize designs and software development Finalize operations and supportability plans and activities Analysis of recurring Operation & Support costs Finalize maintenance approach Test Article Design and Development Aircraft Integration FAA Certification Analysis and assessment System performance Reliability, failure rates, and supportability Life-cycle Support Costs Test and Evaluation Wind Tunnel Testing Hardware-in-the-loop testing and reliability & maintainability testing Developmental Testing / Flight Testing / Operational Testing Finalize training requirements and development of training materials 10
Key Challenges Being Addressed by SPO System Performance Requirements False Alarm Rates Missile Warning Systems Countermeasure Effectiveness Operations Concepts Aircraft Integration and FAA Certification Multiple aircraft types, models, and configurations Cost-benefit Weight / Space / Power Drag and performance Safety of flight / personnel safety System reliability Supportability Reliability Maintainability Training Test and Evaluation Modeling & Simulation Hardware in the Loop Flight Testing Operational Testing Wind Tunnel Security Management Concerns Anti-tamper coatings Anti-tamper hardware Zeroizing Software NAS integration for emergency notification system Criteria for potential deployment options (Civil Reserve Air Fleet; overseas; regional; all) Life Cycle Cost analysis 11
External Factors Play a Large Role White House and Congressional Interest Media Interest Economic Issues and Requirements Geo-political Issues and Requirements Aviation Certifications (Aircraft and NAS Integration) Radio Frequency Authorizations (Domestic and International) Export Compliance Buy-in from Aviation Community Stakeholders 12
Other Government Agencies Play Key Roles DoD Current technology and programs Science & Technology Laboratories T&E Facilities Intelligence DoS Export Control and ITAR Compliance FAA Aircraft integration and certification National Airspace System integration FCC Frequency allocation / authorization TSA Intelligence Airport Security Operations 13
Aviation Community Stakeholders Aviation Associations ATA (Air Transport Association) ATCA (Air Traffic Control Association) RTCA (Radio Technical Commission for Aeronautics) NCAS (National Center for Aviation Security) ICAO (International Civil Aviation Organization) IATA (International Air Transport Association) Maintainers IBT (International Brotherhood of Teamsters) IAM (International Association of Machinists and Aerospace Workers) AMFA (Aircraft Mechanics Fraternal Association) TWU (Transport Workers Union) Unions ALPA (Airline Pilots Association) NATCA (National Air Traffic Controllers Association) Government NTSB (National Transportation Safety Board) Commercial Airlines and Cargo Carriers Commercial Aircraft Owners (Leasers) Airport Operators and Authorities Aircraft Manufacturers Boeing Airbus 3rd Party Maintainers and Integrators Financial Industry Lenders Wall Street Insurance Companies / Adjusters Legal Profession / Courts 14
Contractors C-MANPADS Technical Solution Northrop Grumman BAE Systems United Airlines 15
Northrop Grumman Viper TM Solid State PPLN Laser Missile Detection 4 UV MWS (AN/AAR-54 AN/AAQ-24(V) Key Technologies Missile Sensor (AN/AAQ-54 AN/AAQ-24(V)) Pointer/Tracker Viper laser Fine-Track Sensor 4 Aods Strap-Down Stabilized LITENING AT/Indigo InSb 640x512 FTS Laser IR Jamming Energy Source System Processor Resource Manager (AN/AAQ-24(V) Key Technology Is Software 16 Legacy Sensor : 1500 built and fielded Point & Track: 267 units built and fielded Laser: Viper laser 74 built and fielded DIRCM Processor: 267 built and fielded Jamming S/W mature techniques Currently Fielded on Military & Special Purpose Large, Transport Aircraft
Common Pod Counter-MANPADS System Aircraft Specific Adapter BAE Systems Pointer/ Tracker High-Power Laser Power Jam Code Laser Controller Power CMD Sensor Data Power CMD Controller Power CMD/Data Power Sensor Sensor data Weight on Wheels LASER Safety Processor Message & Data UV Sensor Point & Track Multi- Band Laser Key Technologies 17 Legacy UV Sensor : Missile warning production system for US/UK military aviation (AN/AAR-57) Point & Track: First generation in production for Army and Special Ops aviation (ATIRCM/AN/ALQ-212(V)) Counter-MANPADS version previously developed for F/A-18 (TADIRCM) Multi-Band Laser: Production-ready for large aircraft protection
United Airlines United Airlines AVISYS, Inc. ARINC L-3 Com ATK Thales ARMTEC SAAB BAE Systems Symetrics NAWCWD GTRI ATK Thoikol Alloy Surfaces Vaisala AirDat Key Technologies Dual-spectrum Missile Warning w/data Fusion UV Passive MWS (AAR-47) RF Active MWS (MWS-20) Electronic Warfare Control System Expendable Countermeasures Countermeasure Dispenser ALE-47 Advanced Decoys (MJU 7/10, 51, 53) o Low temperature short burn time 18 Legacy Sensors: AAR-47 Multiple installations on commercial and military transport aircraft over 1000 produced MWS-20 in service on military C130 and commercial A340 aircraft Dispensers: Over 2500 installations Expendables: Advanced decoys developed for USAF and USN aircraft. Deployed on Head of State aircraft.
Summary Aggressive 2-year Program FAA Certified Prototype for Integration and Test Provides data on: Performance Cost-Benefit Trade-offs Supportability Plan Total Ownership Cost Provides for Stakeholder Input Provides for informed decision process 19