A 378968 MODERN STRATEGIC THOUGHT Machiavelli to Nuclear Warfare by Dr. Shekhar Adhikari V Kilaso Books New Delhi-110002
Contents Preface (JCV) 1. Niccolo Machiavelli 1-18 War, War and Policy, Military Organisation 2 The Theory of State 4 War 4 War and Policy 6 Military Organisation 8 The Condottieri 8 Kind of Troops 9 Auxiliary Force 9 Prince's Army 10 Leadership 11 Florentine Militia Organisation 12 Infantry 12 Artillery 12 Cavalry 12 Order of Battle 13 Fortresses 14 15 2. Karl Philipp Gotlieb Clausewitz 19-46 War, War and Policy, Strategy and Tactics, Offence and Defence 19 War 21 Psychological Elements 24 Friction 24 Genius... 25 Modern Relevance 27
(vi) 3. Strategy and Tactics Battle War and Policy Offence and Defence Guerrilla Warfare Antoni Heanre Jomini War, Strategy and Tactics, Logistics Military Thought Statesmanship in Relations to War Offensive War to Reclaim Rights War Defensively Political But Offensively Military War of Intervention War of Opinion War of Conquest Military Policy Strategy Fundamental Principles of War Systems of Operations Theatre of Operation Strategic, Decisive and Objective Points Lines of Defence Zones and Lines of Operation Grand Tactics and Battle Defensive Battle Offensive Battle Turning Manoeuvres Combined Arms Infantry Cavalry 27 30 31 37 40 42 47-64 47 48 49 49 49 50 50 50 50 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 56 56 56 57 58 58 58
(Vli) Artillery 58 Logistics 59 61 4. Karl Marx and Frederick Engels... 65-78 The Concept of Revolutionary War 66 War... 67 Insurrection 70 The Teory of Force 73 Future World War 75 76 5. Alfred ThayerMahan 79-100 The concept of Sea Power, Naval Strategy 80 Elements of Sea Power 81 Geographical Position 82 Physical Configuration 83 Extent of Territory 85 Population Factor 85 National Character 86 Character of Government 87 Fundamental Principles 88 Central Position 89 Communication 91 Concentration of Force 92 Implication of Mahan's Doctrine of 92 Sea Power 92 Britain 92 France 93 Germany 93 USA 95
(vm) 6. Halford John Mackinder... 101-114 The Theory of Heartland LrfeSektch The Theory Pivot Area of Heartland Inner or Marginal Cresent Outer or Insular Cresent Re-examination of Mackinder's Theory of Heartland Modified Concept of Strategic Heartland Mid Land Basin Mackinder-Mahan-Spykman Analysis of Mackinder's Theory 101 103 104 104 104 106 106 107 107... 110 7. \llied Strategy in the World War U Promotion of Common Goal Britain USA Soviet Union France The Basis for Close Military Cooperation Memorandum on Allied Strategy First Stage of Strategy Second Stage of Strategy Third stage of Strategy Analysis Far East Asia Japanese Strategy British Pre War Strategy US Pre-1941 Strategy Allied Plan after 1940 Collpase of ABDA Command # Japan's Revised War Plan..;.. 115-142 116 116 117 118 119 119 120 122 124 126 128 130... 131 132 133 134 135 136
(K) China - Burma - India Theatre 8. German Strategy 1914-1945 Development of German Strategy in Pre World War I Period Bismarck William II Moltke Schlieffen First World War Bethman Hollweg and Falkenhayn vs Hindenberg and Ludendorff Second World War General Hans van Seeckt RiseofHtler Clausewitz, Ludendorff and Hitler The New German Army War Economy or Economic Mobilisation 9. John Frederick Charles Fuller and Basil Henry Liddell Hart Armoured Warfare J.F.C. Fuller The Theory of Armoured Warfare Plan 1919 B.H.L.Hart The Theory of Armoured Warfare Indirect Approach Tank Hart and Mangol Art of War 138 143-178 143 143 144 146 146 148 149 157 159 160 161 165 168 172 179-194 179^ 180 180 181 183 185 185 186 187 188 188
10. Hart and Sherman Hart and Fuller Tank vs Infantry Guilio Douhet, William Mitchell and Alexander P. De. Seversky The Theory of Air Power Guilio Douhet The Theory of Air Power Relationship between Army, Navy and Air Power Magnitude of Aerial Offensive Command of Air Power Constitution of Air Power William Mitchell The Theory of Air Power Public Support Historical Development Features of Air Power Air going people Air Doctrine Douhet and Mitchell Alexander de Seversky The Theory of Air Power Air Superiority Relationship between Land, Sea and Air Power 189 189 190 192 195-224 195 196 196 197 198 199 200 202 203 206 206 207 208 209 209 210 211 211 213 214 214 215 215 216
(xi) Targeting 216 Global Command of the Air 217 Atomic Bomb 218 Principles of War 219 220 11. Valdimir Inch Lenin, Leon Trotsky and Joseph Stalin 225-266 The Soviet Concept of Revolutionary War V.I.Lenin 225 225 Dialectical Approach 226 Contribution to History 228 War and Policy 229 State and Foreign Policy 230 Politics and People 231 Strategic Contribution 232 Selection of Officers 233 Leadership 233 Strategy and Tactics 234 Offensive Action 235 Defensive Action 236 Concept of Peace 237 239 Leon Trotsky... 240 240 The Theory of Permament Revolution.. v. 241 Menshvik Position 241 Bolshevik Position 242 Trotsky's Position 242 Global Revolution 243 Strategy for the World War II 244 Russian Army 245
(xii) Military Policy Discipline Centralised Political Control Military Doctrine Conclusion Joseph Stalin Life Sketch The Theory of Socialism in One Country Benefical Fallout United Front Strategy Industrialisation and the Growth of the Red Army Soviet Strategy in World War II Conclusion 246 246 247 248 249 250 250 251 253 254 257 259 261 12. Mao-Tse-Tung 267-288 Th,e Chinese Concept of Revolutionary War 267 The Theory of State 269 War 271 Offence and Defence 272 Ingredients of War 273 Forms of Warfare 273 Law of Contradiction 274 United Front Strategy 274 War and Politics 276 Guerrilla Warfare 277 Strategy and Tactics of Guerrilla Warfare 280 The Course of Guerrilla Warfare 282 First Phase... 282 Second Phase 283 Third Phase 283 285
13. 14. (xiii) Jawaharlal Nehru Strategy for National Security and Peace The Concept of National Security Complementary Nature of Defence, Economic afrd Foreign Policy Defence and Economic Policy Defence and Foreign Policy Emerging International Strategic Environment in post 1947 Period Strength and Weaknesses Territorial Interest Implications of Cold War and Security Treaties Indian View Non-alignment Policy of Panchsheel Mechanism for World Peace : United Nations and Disarmament Deterrence Definition Element of Deterrence Types of Deterrence The Theory of Nuclear Deterrence Passive Deterrence, Active Deterrence Conventional War vs Nuclear War Strategy Costs and Risks Art of Command Diplomacy... 289-306 289 290 292 292 253 294 295 296 297 298 301 302 303 307-330 307 309 314 315 316 316 319 320 321 322 323 324
15. Disarmament and Arms Control 331-358 Disarmament 331 Arms Control 332 Distinction between Disarmament and Arms Control 333 History of Disarmament and Arms Control 334 Partial Test Ban Treaty 337 Non-Proliferation Treaty 338 Strategic Arms Limitation Talks... 339 SALT-I... 340 SALT-II 341 Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty START-I... 346 START-II :... 347 Comprehensive Test Ban treaty 348 353 Index 359-368