Internet of Things based soldier monitoring system Sudha H Ayatti, Sharada M kori, Pankaja B Patil Department of Computer Science and Engineering KLS Gogte Institute of Technology, Belagavi, India Dr. Shivaprakash T Department of Computer Science and Engineering VijayaVittala Institute of Technology, Bengaluru, India Abstract In the current worlds cenario the security of a nation is the uttermost important factor and hence enemy warfare plays an important role. The security of any nation depends on the military, army, air-force, navy of the country and the backbone of all these forces is our soldiers. Without the soldier it would be nearly impossible to protect a nation. But there are many concerns revolving around the security of these soldiers, especially the army soldiers. When the soldier enters into the war zone, it is essential for the base station to determine the exact health status of the soldier and hence more emphasis should be given to health monitoring technology for the soldiers in the war- torn zone. This paper describes the work where the exact health status parameters of the soldier can be sent to the base station in real time so that the appropriate actions can be taken in case of a crisis. This technology helps to minimize the rescue wounded andunfitsoldiersatwarzone. Index Terms IoT, Arduino board, temperature sensor, heart rate sensor, respiratory sensor, X-ometer, LCD Display, WiFi- Shield I. INTRODUCTION Developing an IoT(Internet of Things) basedmonitoring system for the Indian army, where it monitors the health parameters of the soldier. The background shows thatiot applications have grown within the scope of health services. Due to this phenomenon, several Armed Forces are looking for or trying to monitor and visualize the health status of their troops during several combat missions. In this system,the device will contain the heartbeat sensor which continuously gives the reading of heartbeat of a soldier to the base station. The temperature sensor will give the data of bodytemperature. This system is also composed of GPS(Global Positioning Sys- tem) and GSM(Global System for Mobile communications). Through GPS the location of the soldier is traced and through GSM the soldier is able to communicate directly with the base unit. The other part of this system is base unit which acts as receiver where the complete data of each soldier is recorded. The system work on two-way communication. First, there can be a query from the receiver side to know the status of the soldier. Second, there can be an automatic response from the system side to know when the heartbeat of the soldier stops, cardiac arrest has occurred. II. LITERATURESURVEY Even today when the world is at its prime for technology development, the army is still using rudimentary techniques, is taken into consideration [1]. This system uses Wi-Fi mod- Page No:1429
ule and a wireless body area sensor network to recordall parameters in real time and send it to the base station. The different types of sensors used in this system are the humidity, temperature and pulse sensor respectively, which help in deciding the health status of that particular army official [2]. This is a wearable technology which is the most important factor of this project. The main essence of this project is that itisaninternetofthings(iot)basedproject[3]. IoT systems are systems that consist of interrelatedma- chines(mechanical or digital), computing devices, animals, peoples and other objects which have unique functionalities and using the IoT their data can be transferred from one place to another over the network without the computer to computer and human to computer intervention. This project has an idea of monitoring the health status of them during the war, which enables the army personnel to plan the war strategies.thissystemenablesthecloudfortrackingthehealth of these soldiers. It is possible by M-Health. The M-health can be defined as mobile computing, medical sensors, andcommu- nicationtechnologiesforhealthcare.thisdevicewillimprove, not only for the host but also for placed together/correctly arranged military personnel who will exchange information using wirelessnetworks. One of the basic challenges in military operations lays that the soldiers are not able to communicate with the control room station. Many efforts were reported by different academicians and researchers to track the location of the soldiers along with their health condition on the battlefield. AT89C51 microcon- troller was used to collect health parameters and then these parameters are transferred through GSM to the base unit. A ZigBee based approach was proposed in [4]. A Rasp- berry Pi based approach was proposed in [5] to monitor the body temperature, respiration, movements, and heartbeat of the patient. The collected information was then added to the cloud-based websites with the help of IoT. A real-time, ARM(Advanced RISC Machine) processor-based approach for the monitoring and collection of temperature, heartbeat, ECG(Electrocardiography) parameters of patients [6]. ZigBee and GSM wireless technology was used to send current updates of patients to the doctor and then doctors can take immediate action for that patient. A WBASNs(Wireless Body Area Sensor Networks) technology using ZigBee was reported in [7] to continuously monitor the human health and its location[8]. Further, an OTP(One-Time Password) based system was proposed in [9] to secure and authenticate the data processing. An idea of integration of wireless sensor network and cloud computing for information processing in real-time and speedy manner [10] [13]. However, all these systems are stuck-up by one or more reasons like costly implementation, delay in response and bulky nature. Hence, a portable wireless real-time system based on the IoT concept is developed and proposed, which will be an effective alternative to the existing technologiesintheareaofsoldiershealthandlocationtracking on thebattlefields. III. MOTIVATION A necessity for the army base station to identify the health status of the soldier and his surroundings is a must for soldiers behind enemy lines. Monitoring health parameters give us assurance of the soldier s safety and his environment. IV. OBJECTIVE Security of any nation depends on the military, army, air- force and navy of the country and the backbone of all these forces are our soldiers. Without the soldier, it would be nearly impossible to protect a nation. But there are many concerns revolving around the security of these soldiers, especially the army soldiers. When the soldier enters into the war zone, it is essential for the base station to determine the exact health status of the soldier and hence Page No:1430
more emphasis should be given tohealthmonitoringtechnologyforthesoldiersinthewar-torn zone.objectivesconsideredforimplementationwere: 1) TheDeviceshouldfitinapocket 2) Calculate the heart rate and temperature of the soldier 3)Get information of the soldier from anywhere in the world 4)Provide accurate health status of the soldier 5)Specify the soldier status as alive or dead V. SYSTEMSPECIFICATION The main advantage of embedded systems is the flexibility to choose desired hardware and software components.the relevance of IoT in a soldier monitoring system is that the realtime health parameters of the soldier on the battlefield are instantaneously sent to the base station without the soldier having to input anything. The entire monitoring helps base station take decisions in based on soldier parameters. The technical specificationsare: A. Hardware 1) Arduino development board with AVR 28Q controller 2)Sensors: a) Heart rate b)temperaturec)respiration 3) LCD(Liquid Crystal Display) Display 4)Power supply unit 5) ESP 8266 WiFi shield Fig. 1 are the snapshots of the hardware components used. Fig. 1. Hardware components used to build soldier monitoring system B. Software The software was built using: 1)Programming language: Embedded C 2) IDE(Integrated Development Environment):Arduino 3) Operating System: Windows7 VI. METHODOLOGY In this paper the exact health status parameters of thesoldier can be sent to the base station in real time so that the appropri- ateactionscanbetakenincaseofcrisis.thistechnologyhelps to minimize the rescue time for wounded and unfit soldiers at war zone. The relevance of IoT in Soldier Health Monitoring system is that the real-time health parameters of the soldier on the battlefield, which is instantaneously sent to the base Page No:1431
stationwithoutthesoldierhavingtoinputanything. This system uses Wi-Fi module and wireless body area sensor network to record all parameters in real time and send it to the base station. The different types of sensors used in this system are the humidity, temperature, and pulse sensor respectively, which help in deciding the health status of that particulararmyofficial.thisisawearabletechnology. VII. SYSTEMDESIGN This section describes the design of the soldier system, the base unit and sending of the information to the base station as described in Fig.2. When the soldier enters into the warfield, the sensors(heart rate, temperature, and respiratory sensors) are attached to the soldier. Through the sensors, the health parameters of the soldier are recorded, as shown in Fig. 3. The data is being sent to and is stored in the cloud. Through the cloud storage, vital signs are sent to the base station for monitoring the health of the soldier, as depicted in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4. A. Algorithm Algorithm 1 explains the step by step procedures of soldier health monitoring system. Fig. 2. Information flow from soldier to base unit Fig. 3. Soldier unit Page No:1432
Fig. 4. Base unit Algorithm 1: Soldier health monitoring system algorithm Data: Heart, respiration, temperature sensor data Result: Soldier health statistics Initialize the LCDdisplay Displays the message (project name) on the LCD display Place the finger on the heart rate sensor, wait for 15 seconds Calculated values and displayed on the LCD display(heart beat, respiratory andtemperature) Send calculated data to the cloud, through WiFi shield module Senddatafromcloudstoragetothebasestation Logintothesystemforanauthorizedpersononly Monitor soldierdata B. Circuitimplementation Fig. 5 is the implementation of soldier health unit. Fig. 5. The connections of the circuit VIII. WORKINGPROCEDURE In this paper, three sensors used are heart rate, temperature, and respiratory sensor. Here the X-ometer is used to give the information of the soldier status. First, all the three sensors are initialized and connected to the Arduino board respectively. After the whole connection of the circuit, the data is dumped into the cloud, then the status of the soldier is sent to the base station for monitoring the soldier. In this project, it specifies the soldier status, whether he is on duty or not. Next, it calculates the temperature of the soldier around its environment. Then the heart rate values are shown onto the LCD display when the finger is placed onto the sensor. After the working of those sensors, the respiratory sensor, it calculates the respiration rate of the soldier if the hundred value is shown then the soldier is in a dangerous position or else the normal value is zero and the each result are shown graphically. Each information of the soldier can also be saved into the excel sheet where it specifies the time andthedate,whichissentthroughthecloudrespectively. Page No:1433
IX. RESULT ANDANALYSIS Fig. 6, Fig. 7, and Fig. 8 are the soldier status, temperature and heart rate respectively, displayed in the base station. Fig. 6. Soldier status X. FUTURESCOPE Apart from the Soldier and Health Monitoring usage, this system can be utilized by protrekkers who trek extensively in remote areas and have no means of communication. By using this system the trekkers can be monitored and help can be sent to them as soon as possible. Also, for professionals like wild life photographers, who have to go deep into the jungle can make use of this system. This system is useful for the miners too as they work in deep caves and might face health issues. Fig. 7. Soldier temperature Fig. 8. Soldier heart rate XI. CONCLUSION It gives near accurate reading of humidity and temperature when displayed on LCD as well as the serial monitor. Security and safety for soldiers: Using WiFi module the data is sent to the base station, where soldiers monitoring in the base station extract the information of each soldier. Its a IoT based system for the health monitoring of the soldiers. Arduino board is used which is a low cost solution for the processing pur- pose. It provides heartbeat, body temperature and respiratory parameters of every soldier to control room. The addressing system is also helpful to improve the communication between soldier to soldier in an Page No:1434
emergency situation and provideproper navigation to control room. Thus we can conclude that this system will act as a lifeguard to the army personnel. In the future, a portable handheld sensor device with more sensing options may be developed to aid the soldiers. The IoT makes the entire monitoring process fast, hence decisions can be takenquickly. REFERENCES [1] ShrutiNikam, SupriyaPatil, PrajktaPowar, V.S.Bendre, GPS based soldier tracking and health indication system, International Journal of Advanced Research in Electrical, Electronics andinstrumentation Engineering. [2] Richard B. Marth, Robert Levi, Dr. I. Newton Durboraw, Kenneth Beam, TheIntegratedNavigationCapabilityfortheForceXXILandWarrior. [3]Ping Wang, Xinfeng BA, Design of Soldier Status Monitoring and Command and Control System Based on Beidou System, 2 ndinterna- tional Conference on Computer Science and Network Technology, 2012. [4] The Military Balance 2014, International Institute for Strategic Stud- ies, London: Routledge, pp. 241 246, Feb 2014. [5]P. Kumar, G. Rasika, V.Patil, and S. Bobade, Health Monitoring and Tracking of Soldier Using GPS, International Journal of Research in Advent Technology, vol. 2, no.4, pp. 291 294, April 2014. [6]S. Sharma, S. Kumar, A. Keshari, S. Ahmed, S. Gupta, and A. Suri, A Real Time Autonomous Soldier Health Monitoring and Reporting Sys- tem Using COTS Available Entities, Second International Conference on Advances in Computing and Communication Engineering, India, pp. 683 687, May 2015. [7]R. Kumar and M. Rajasekaran, An IoT based patient monitoring system using raspberry Pi, International Conference on Computing Technologies and Intelligent Data Engineering, India, pp. 1 4, Jan2016. [8]R. Shaikh, Real Time Health Monitoring System of Remote Patient Using Arm7, International Journal of Instrumentation, Control and Automation, vol. 1, no. 3-4, pp. 102 105, 4, 2012. [9]D. Kumar and S.Repal, Real Time Tracking and Health Monitoring of Soldiers using ZigBee Technology: a Survey, International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology, vol. 4, no.7, pp. 5561 5574, Jul2015. [10]G. Raj and S. Banu, GPS Based Soldier Tracking And Health Indi- cation System With Environmental Analysis, International Journal of Enhanced Research in Science Technology and Engineering, vol. 2, no. 12, pp. 46 52, Dec2013. [11]V. Ashok, T. Priyadarshini, and S.Sanjana, A Secure Freight Tracking System in Rails Using GPS Technology, Second International Confer- ence on Science Technology Engineering and Management, India, pp. 47 50, Mar 2016. [12]M.Jassas, A. Abdul lah. and H. Mahmoud, A Smart System Connecting e-health Sensors and the Cloud, IEEE 28 th Canadian Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering, Canada, pp. 712 716, May 2015 [13]S. Dixit and A. Joshi, A Review Paper on Design of GPS and GSM Based Intelligent Ambulance Monitoring, International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications, vol. 4, no. 7, pp.101 103, Jul2014. Page No:1435