ASIA PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY (AP-IS) Atsuko Okuda Chief, ICT and Development Section ICT and Disaster Risk Reduction Division ESCAP
2 Part 1: Digital Divide in Asia and the Pacific
52% of broadband subscribers in Asia and the Pacific 3 2005 2014 Africa (0.4%) Africa (1.3%) Latin America & Caribbean (4%) Latin America & Caribbean (8.5%) ESCAP (39.9%) North America (27.7%) ESCAP (51.9%) North America (15.2%) Europe (23.1%) Europe (28%) Global shares of total fixed-broadband subscriptions in 2005 and 2014: ESCAP analysis based on 2014 ITU Figures
Fixed-broadband subscriptions per 100 inhabitants (average) from 2000-2014 ESCAP-LDCs, LLDCs, SIDS 4 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Year ESCAP SIDS ESCAP LLDC ESCAP LDC ESCAP Source: Produced by ESCAP, based on data sourced from ITU World Telecommunications/ICT Indicators Database, accessed June 2015.
5 Differentiated broadband growth pattern 25 Hong Kong, China Korea (Rep. of) 2 Brunei Darussalam Fixed-Broadband Sub. per 100 (Average) 2005 20 15 10 5 0 Malaysia Turkey Kazakhstan Georgia Australia French Polynesia Azerbaijan Philippines Japan Macao, China Singapore Russia New Zealand 0 10 20 30 40 Fixed-Broadband Sub. per 100 (average) 2014 1.5 1.5 0 Afghanistan India Fiji Tonga Lao P.D.R. Indonesia Vanuatu Sri Lanka Kyrgyzstan Viet Nam Thailand Palau Mongolia Armenia Micronesia (Fed. States of) Pakistan 0 2 4 6 8 10 Fixed-Broadband Sub. per 100 (Average) 2014 Source: Produced by ESCAP, based on data sourced from ITU World Telecommunications/ICT Indicators Database, accessed June 2015.
6 Proportionate growth between infrastructure and services.8.6.4.2 ESCAP North & Central Asia Online Services Index Armenia Kazakhstan Russian Federation Armenia Georgia Uzbekistan Azerbaijan Kyrgyzstan ESCAP South & South-West Asia.7.6.5.4.3 Sri Lanka India Turkey Iran (Islamic Rep. of) Bangladesh Pakistan Maldives 0 Turkmenistan Tajikistan 0.2.4.6 Telecommunications Infrastructure Index 2008 2014.2 Bhutan Afghanistan Nepal 0.1.2.3.4 Telecommunications Infrastructure Index 2008 2014 Source: Produced by ESCAP, based on data sourced from United Nations Public Administration Country Studies/E- Government Development Index Database, accessed April 2016.
Mobile broadband subscription per 100 inhabitants in AP (2014) 7 120 117.4 Mobile broadband subscription per 100 inhabitants 100 80 60 40 20 44.7 Developed Countries Average 81.8 38.9 Global Average 37.2 18.1 37.9 15.4 42.8 0 ESCAP members East/North- East South-East South and South-West North and Centra Pacific ASEAN Source : ITU data 2014, analyzed by ESCAP
8 Part 2: Introduction of the Asia- Pacific Information Superhighway (AP-IS)
9 What is AP-IS? Regional Initiative supported by ESCAP A regional broadband network covering ESCAP Member countries and associate Member countries from Turkey to Kiribati A pillar in ESCAP s regional connectivity initiatives (together with transport and energy), which aims to facilitate movement of people, goods, money, information and knowledge for sustainable socioeconomic development in the region which addresses the causes of digital divides, develops Internet ecosystem which supports the implementation of the SDGs and stimulates digital economy
10 AP-IS Map Interactive Map, visit <http://www.itu.int/itu-d/tnd-map-public/>
11 AP-IS Programmatic View Physical network design, development, management at regional level Inter-governmental negotiation Improving regulations based on open access Connectivity Traffic/ Network Mgmt Ensuring efficient and effective Internet traffic and network management at regional, sub-regional and national levels E- Resilience Broadband for all Resilient ICT Networks Support to disaster management systems Ensuring last mile disaster communication Bridging digital divides Promoting affordable access to underserviced areas Policy and technical support to governments
12 Summary of Regional Status and Results High dependency on submarine Missing, insufficient, not-integrated terrestrial regional backbone Weak domestic backbone/access Physical Backbone Connectivity Internet Traffic Management System Lack of IXPs and Operational workforce Lack of policy awareness Lack of open, neutral principles/practice Vicious Cycle 80.0 70.0 60.0 50.0 40.0 30.0 20.0 10.0 0.0 Asia & Pacific Europe The Americas Low Internet Penetration Fixed broadband subscriptions Individuals using the Internet Low demand High Cost Low Quality Severe Tromboning High transit cost Low traffic speed & high latency between Int l backbone links Fixed BB subscription * ITU 2014 (per 100 inhabitants) Individual using the Internet
13 The Way Forward Developing AP-IS Master Plan, including goals, main activities, milestones and priorities : 2 nd meeting of the AP-IS Working Group in Jul/Aug 2016, The Committee on ICT and STI ion 5-7 October 2016 Enhancing and updating AP-IS backbone map Facilitating Private sector investment opportunities for the construction of missing fiber optic links : partnership with development banks, identifying barriers to infrastructure sharing and network deployments Analytical work on ICT connectivity, e-resilience and digital divides Enhanced linkage between SDGs and WSIS within AP-IS
14 Thank you Atsuko Okuda okuda@un.org