Chapter 16, Section 5 The Way to Victory (pages 485-491) Setting a Purpose for Reading Think about these questions as you read: What battled turned the tide of the war in 1863? What events led the South to surrender in 1865? As you read pages 485 491 in your textbook, complete this graphic organizer by describing the strategy Grant adopted to defeat the Confederacy. Grant s Strategy As you read, place the following events on the time line: Battle of Gettysburg Lee surrenders to Grant Grant takes over Union Lee wins Battle of command Fredericksburg Events of the Civil War 1862 Dec. 1863 July 1864 Mar. 1865 April 250 Chapter 16, Section 5
Southern Victories (pages 485 486) As you read the subsection Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville, ask yourself: what is an important detail? Write one of those details in the spaces below. Identify the battle in which the Union army suffered heavy losses because it attacked Confederate forces that were entrenched. Then, in the space provided, explain what entrenched means. The Tide of War Turns (pages 486 488) Use the spaces provided to write a conclusion about the Union victory at Vicksburg. Match the term from this lesson in the left column with the correct definition in the right column by writing the letter in the space provided. 1. Gettysburg 2. Gettysburg Address 3. Pickett s Charge 4. Vicksburg a. attack by about 14,000 Confederate soldiers b. Confederate city on the Mississippi River c. speech by Lincoln d. Pennsylvania town that was the site of an important battle e. Confederate defense of Richmond Chapter 16, Section 5 251
Final Phases of War (pages 488 490) As you read the subsection, put the following events in the correct order by writing a number from 1 to 6 in the space to the left. Use the number 1 for the event that occurred first, 2 for the next event, and so on. A. Sherman reaches Savannah. B. Lincoln wins reelection. C. Farragut captures Mobile Bay. D. Grant loses thousands at the Wilderness, Spotsylvania Courthouse, and Cold Harbor. E. Grant is bogged down at Petersburg. F. Sherman takes Atlanta. Define or describe the following key term from this lesson. total war convinced Read the sentence below. Put a checkmark in the space before the word or words that best explain what the boldfaced academic vocabulary word from this lesson means in this passage. Sherman convinced Grant to allow him to carry out the march to the sea. ordered persuaded urged Victory for the North (pages 490 491) Use the spaces provided to respond to the questions. 1. Why did Lee withdraw from Petersburg? 252 Chapter 16, Section 5
2. How did Grant treat Confederate soldiers when Lee surrendered? In the space available, define the following academic vocabulary words from this lesson. generation resident Read the sentence below. Put a checkmark in the space before the word or words that best explain the meaning of the boldfaced academic vocabulary word that you studied earlier. federal (Chapter 7, Section 3) The federal government was strengthened and was now clearly more powerful than the states. local municipal national Now that you have read the section, write the answers to the questions that were included in Setting a Purpose for Reading at the beginning of the section. What battle turned the tide of the war in 1863? What events led the South to surrender in 1865? Chapter 16, Section 5 253
Name Date Class Guided Reading Activity The Civil War Section The War s Final Stages If you come across a complicated paragraph, try reading it aloud. Read carefully and clearly, and pause to separate complete thoughts. Reread it if necessary. Outlining DIRECTIONS: Read the section and complete the outline below to learn more about the final stages of the war. I. Total War Strikes the South A. The systematic destruction of an entire land is called. B. General devised a plan to attack the South on all sides. C. The six bloodiest weeks of the war began in an area called the. Copyright Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. D. William Tecumseh Sherman took, and successfully invaded Mobile Bay. E. Lincoln won reelection, and in 1865 Congress passed the II. The War s End, which banned slavery in the United States. A. Sherman s troops burned and as they marched from Georgia to the Atlantic Coast. B. After Lee s retreat from Petersburg, the Union army marched toward and captured the Confederate capital of. C. The war came to an end on April 9, 1865, with Lee s surrender at. D. More than soldiers died during the Civil War. 71