Creating a platform for enhanced industry-science relationships Adi Paterson, CSIR/University of Pretoria, South Africa
Outline n South African R&D n Convergence of mandates of research universities and research organisations n Limitations in the contract model for knowledge transfer n A template for enhanced innovation: New partners n The specific case of CSIR/UP strategic convergence
The South African system n Major players: Private sector Government Arts, Culture, Science and Technology, Trade and Industry, Agriculture, Health, Minerals and Energy Research Universities Research Councils Parastatals
The South African system n Approach: System of innovation, re-direction post-apartheid, Utility-efficiency, Relevance n Current challenges: Knowledge economy, People and demographic representivity, demonstrable contributions, linkages and networks, IP and venturing
The South African System n GERD/GDP 0.69% (R4.1billion [$0.59billion]) n FTE R&D Personnel 19 500 (8600 researchers) n Performance Research Organisations/Government 33.6% Higher Education 12.1% Business Sector 53.9% n Financing SA Private Sector 50% Private Sector in Higher Education 47% Source: DACST, South Africa
Nordic Countries International comparisons -- GERD/GDP (%) Gross Domestic Expenditure on R&D R4.103 billion GERD/GDP 0.69% 2.55 North Am erica 2.29 Total OECD 2.15 European Union 1.85 Japan 2.98 Kore a 2.68 France Germ any 2.31 2.28 Australia Canada 1.62 1.61 Ireland 1.40 New Zealand 0.98 Spain Brazil South Africa 0.69 0.76 0.84 Turkey Mexico 0.38 0.31 Source:OECD/DACST
Total R&D Performed in SA (GERD) and Financing Financing (Rmillion) Government R1,607 (39%) R1,158 (72%) R268 (17%) R178 (11%) R221 (9%) R237 (9%) Non-Government R2,496 (61%) R2,038 (82%) Government RO/GRO R1,379 Higher Education R496 Performing (Rmillion) Business Sector R2,214 Source: DACST, South Africa
Researchers per 1000 of labour force Mexico Turkey South Africa 0.60 0.70 0.72 Spain 3.00 New Zealand 3.50 Korea 4.80 Canada 5.30 Germany Ireland France Austrailia 5.80 5.90 6.00 6.40 Japan 10.10 EU 4.60 OECD North America 5.50 5.90 Nordic Countries 7.00 0.00 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 10.00 12.00 Source: OECD/DACST
Convergence of mandates of universities and research organisations n A fourth domain of action for Universities n Research councils/organisations in mission crisis n Systems policies emphasise linkages and institutional porosity n Climate and conditions policies replace input-output policies n The demographic crunch, n And. knowledge and the new economy
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Research University PD KG RU RO Current locus of activities M-FA V Research Organisation Source: CSIR/UP Alliance
Research University PD KG Research Organisation M-FA V RU RO Current locus of activities Expected migration over time Source:CSIR/UP Alliance
Market for New Science Specialists FUNDAMENTAL & KNOWLEDGE GENERATING RESEARCH HR Development POST-GRADUATE EDUCATION Market for Post-graduates UNDERGRADUATE/TERTIARY EDUCATION Market for HR with Tertiary Qualifications White Spaces LEVERAGING IP/VENTURES: Application of New/Specialist Knowledge TECH VENTURES: Application of Technology Development & Economic growth STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT System Optimisation Coherence with National System of Innovation CONTRACTING & CONSULTING FUNCTION: Application of Specialist Knowledge/ Facilities Enabling Enterprises STANDARDS AND CERTIFICATION: Application of Specialist Knowledge/ Facilities (Quality & Productivity) CONTINUING EDUCATION: Professional & Life Skills POST-TERTIARY DISCIPLINARY TRAINING: Practical Application of Theoretical Knowledge (LINK TO INDUSTRY) Market for adult education & professional maintenance Productive professionals for Industry Source: CSIR/UP Alliance
Limitations of the contract model for Research Organisations n Does not recognise new modes of knowledge transfer n Focuses on what can go wrong rather than on partnerships n Weak intellectual property position for the knowledge organisation n Multi-party contracting looks for lowest common denominator n Hollowing-out
The CSIR-University of Pretoria Alliance n Strategic Convergence (not a merger or a partnership ) n Key focus areas: The Innovation Hub (with the Gauteng Government) Knowledge Platforms: ICT, Biotechnology Opening the student pipeline IPR, venturing and non-traditional education Efficiencies in all support functions
CSIR: facts and figures n Good analogies: TNO (Netherlands), VTT (Finland) n 500 post-graduates (PhD/MSc), 600 graduates and 400 technically qualified staff n 7000 clients served annually n 8 start-ups in 14 months n 62% of revenue funded by clients n Misson: provide technology solutions, license intellectual property and establish ventures.
UP: facts and figures n Student enrollment growing 26 700 contact tuition 28 000 distance education n Highest number of post-graduates in SA n 5400 science and engineering undergraduates n Research outputs highest in SA (since 1997) n Science, engineering, health, management and commerce dominate
Gauteng:The Smart Province. n The mutual attraction of conurbations and knowledge n Often accidentally accumulated knowledge resources n Key nodes of planning n Cities and provinces: win-win n Cities, provinces and nations win-win win
Gauteng ingredients of a Smart Province Gauteng economy : 38% of SA s economic activity Over 80% of high-tech employment in SA High demand for new economy services Well developed tertiary education sector 40% of all university enrolments 40% of graduates in natural and medical sciences, and engineering (44% of post-graduate qualifications) Concentration of Research Infrastructure
Strategic Triggers Gauteng Provincial Government CSIR/UP Alliance Smart Province Globally effective science and technology flagship Stimulate new-economy job creation and careers Skilled people and know-how THE High-tech business attraction, stimulation and growth GOAL
Historical Background to Innovation Hub n 1997 Gauteng Government published their Economic Strategy, where emphasis was placed on becoming the Smart Province n 1998 CSIR, and later Deloitte & Touche, completed research reports on potential projects and sectors n 1999 Innovation Hub project designed n October 1999 - UP/CSIR proposal to establish the IH on UP Research Farm n December 1999 GPG accepted concept and location
Vision To create a unique space where high-tech entrepreneurs, world class businesses, education, research, and venture capital will meet, network and prosper and thus enhance the innovative capacity and economic development of Gauteng and South Africa
.H\HOHPHQWVRIWKH+XE Protected IP Relevant R&D Pub@Hub Education- Industry Interfaces Space Technology transfer The Innovation Hub Business Virtual Incubation Anchor Tenants Venture Capital Networking Facilities Enabling Environment Bandwidth Government Incentives Source: Hub management company
Key Initiatives on the Hub n Business incubation n Education-industry interfacing n Venture Capital n World-class tenants n Professional services n Knowledge brokering & networking n Land and infrastructure development
Detailed View of Natural Innovation and Knowledge Hub, Showing Linkages, Access Routes, Existing and Proposed Infrastructure
What could be
Early wins n Automotive Industry Development Centre n VC interest n 2 provisional and 3 interested anchor tenants n 1 start-up per fortnight n Rapid change in IP culture n Industry early adopters increased
Endnotes n Berlin 17 October 2000 n OECD/BMBF Conference n Source material: DACST (Rob Adam) CSIR/UP Alliance (Adi Paterson) The Innovation Hub (Neville Comins) Contact: apaterso@csir.co.za