Family-Centered Maternity Care p. 1 Introduction p. 1 The Challenge p. 1 The Opportunity p. 2 Family-Centered Maternity Care--What It Is p. 2 Definition of FCMC p. 2 Advocates for FCMC p. 2 Evidence-Based Practice p. 4 Benefits of FCMC p. 5 Reduced Healthcare Costs p. 5 Improved Medical and Developmental Outcomes p. 5 Enhanced Satisfaction of Childbearing Women and Their Families p. 6 Enhanced Staff Satisfaction p. 6 More Effective Positioning of the Organization in the Marketplace p. 6 Family-Centered Maternity Care--What It Is Not p. 6 A Marketing Slogan p. 6 Lack of Understanding p. 6 Inconsistency in Practice p. 6 Dysfunctional Operations p. 7 Medicalization of Birth p. 7 The History and Evolution of FCMC p. 7 1920-1940 p. 7 1940-1960 p. 8 1960-1980 p. 9 1980-2000 p. 10 Reaching Consensus on FCMC p. 10 Purpose, Values, and Mission p. 11 Vision p. 11 Philosophy p. 12 Strategies for Change p. 13 Culture Change and Development p. 14 Chapter Summary p. 16 Components of Family-Centered Maternity Care p. 16 Bibliography p. 16 Family-Centered Antepartum Care p. 19 Introduction p. 19 Goals of Prenatal Care p. 19 Preconception Care p. 19 Prenatal Care p. 20 Barriers p. 20 CNM Model p. 20
Life Transitions p. 22 The Expectant Mother p. 22 The Expectant Father p. 22 Family Attachment p. 23 Culturally Competent Care p. 23 Cultural Competence p. 23 Cultural Assessment p. 23 Social Support During Pregnancy p. 24 Partner Support p. 25 Single Mothers p. 25 Violence in Pregnancy p. 25 Assessment Tools p. 25 Maternity Social Support Scale p. 26 Developmental-Psychological Assessment Tool p. 26 Continuity of Care p. 30 Care Coordinators p. 30 Pregnancy Guides p. 31 Clinical Pathway p. 31 Informed Decision Making p. 40 Choosing a Pediatrician or Family Care Physician p. 40 Choosing a Hospital or Birthing Center p. 40 Birth Plans p. 43 Education for Pregnancy, Birth, and Parenting p. 44 Standards for Family-Centered Perinatal Education p. 44 Education Course Guide p. 44 Parenting in Pregnancy Curriculum p. 44 Parent Advisory Council p. 47 Familiarization with the Place of Birth p. 48 Chapter Summary p. 48 Facility Features for Family-Centered Antepartum Care p. 48 Components of Family-Centered Antepartum Care p. 49 Bibliography p. 51 Family-Centered Intrapartum Care p. 53 Introduction p. 53 Goal of Intrapartum Care p. 53 Definition of Family-Centered Intrapartum Care p. 53 Social Support in Labor p. 54 Visitation Policies p. 54 Labor Support p. 55 Benefits p. 55 Work Sampling p. 55
AWHONN Position Statement p. 56 Creative Strategies for Labor Support p. 56 Doulas p. 56 Monitrice p. 57 Provider Group p. 57 Nurse-Midwifery p. 57 Nurse-Midwifery and Physical Partnerships p. 58 Trends in Childbirth p. 58 Interventions p. 58 Epidurals p. 58 Education p. 58 Physiologic Labor and Birth p. 59 Positioning p. 59 The Birthing Ball p. 59 Nonpharmacologic Pain Management p. 60 Sample Policy and Procedure p. 61 Nutrition and Hydration During Labor p. 61 A Case Study p. 63 Supporting Family Attachment p. 66 Sample Policy and Procedure p. 67 Place of Birth p. 67 Hospital p. 67 Traditional Maternity Unit Design p. 67 Contemporary Maternity Unit Design p. 68 Labor-Delivery-Recovery Rooms (LDRs) p. 68 Labor-Delivery-Recovery Postpartum Rooms (LDRPs) p. 68 Single-Room Maternity Care (SRMC) p. 68 Freestanding Birthing Centers p. 69 Chapter Summary p. 71 Facility Design for Family-Centered Intrapartum Care p. 71 Components of Family-Centered Intrapartum Care p. 72 Bibliography p. 73 Family-Centered Care for Pregnancy, Labor, Birth, and Babies at Risk p. 75 The Concept of High Risk p. 75 Populations at Risk p. 75 Infant Mortality Rate p. 75 Models of Care p. 76 Population Health Strategy p. 76 Organizational Models p. 76 The High-Risk Family p. 76 Developmental Tasks of Pregnancy p. 77
Psychological Effects of High-Risk Pregnancy p. 77 Treatment Stressors p. 77 Pregnancy after Perinatal Loss p. 78 Postpartum Depression p. 78 Cesarean Birth p. 78 Psychological Integration of the Cesarean Birth p. 78 Family-Centered Cesarean Birth p. 81 Family-Centered Neonatal Intensive Care p. 84 The Principles of Family-Centered Neonatal Care p. 84 Developmental Care p. 85 Benefits p. 86 Clustering Care p. 86 Physical Environment p. 86 Kangaroo Care p. 86 Family Care p. 86 Staff Education p. 88 Breastfeeding the NICU Infant p. 89 Sample Guidelines p. 89 Grief p. 92 Premature Birth p. 92 Congenital Anomalies p. 92 Death p. 92 Response to Death p. 93 Children and Death p. 95 Helping Families p. 95 Support Groups p. 96 Chapter Summary p. 96 Facility Features for Family-Centered Care for Pregnancy, Labor, Birth, and Babies at Risk p. 96 NICU p. 96 Components of Family-Centered Care for Pregnancy, Labor, Birth, and Babies at Risk p. 97 After Cesarean Birth p. 97 Postpartum p. 97 Bibliography p. 98 Family-Centered Mother-Baby Care p. 101 Introduction p. 101 Our Big Failure p. 101 Postpartum Satisfaction Surveys p. 101 Lack of Respect and Follow-Up p. 101 Mother-Baby Care p. 101 Goals of Mother-Baby Care p. 102
Developmental Tasks of Postpartum p. 102 The Mother-Baby Care Model p. 105 Nursing Model p. 105 Physician Model p. 112 Myths about Mother-Baby Nursing p. 112 Benefits of Mother-Baby Care p. 115 Facility Design p. 115 Cost Savings p. 116 Rooming-In p. 116 The Newborn's Adaptation p. 119 Physical Restoration p. 119 Parent-Infant Interaction p. 119 State Cycles p. 119 Family Education p. 119 Individualized Teaching p. 119 Assessing Learning Needs p. 120 Learning Content p. 120 Teaching Methods p. 125 Evaluation p. 125 Visitation p. 125 Breastfeeding p. 129 Establishing Lactation p. 129 Maintaining Lactation p. 129 Formal Staff Training p. 129 Education and Support for Mothers p. 130 Baby-Friendly Initiative p. 130 Follow-Up p. 134 Telephone Follow-Up p. 134 Hospital-Based Clinic p. 134 Postpartum Support Groups p. 136 Home Care p. 136 Chapter Summary p. 141 Facility Features for Family-Centered Mother-Baby Care p. 141 Components of Family-Centered Mother-Baby Care p. 141 Bibliography p. 142 Marketing Family-Centered Maternity Care p. 145 Introduction p. 145 What Is Marketing? p. 145 Finding Out What the Consumer Wants p. 146 Focus Groups p. 146 Survey Research p. 147
What Women Say They Want p. 150 Research about Maternity Care p. 150 Why Market Your Maternity Service? p. 151 Branding p. 151 Loyalty p. 152 Clinical and Marketing Collaboration p. 152 Factors Affecting Marketing p. 153 Changing Demographics p. 153 Changing Generational Imperatives p. 153 The Marketing Plan: Why Bother? p. 154 Some Thoughts on Internet Marketing p. 155 Examples of Marketing Tools for FCMC p. 156 Advertising p. 156 Direct Mail p. 158 Media Relations p. 158 Special Events p. 160 Summary p. 160 Bibliography p. 160 Epilogue: Family-Centered Hospital Care: The Core Concepts p. 161 Definition p. 161 Values p. 161 Goals p. 161 The Family-Centered Care Model p. 161 Principles of Family-Centered Hospital Care p. 162 Example of a Family-Centered Hospital p. 162 Culture Change p. 163 References p. 163 Appendices Internet Resources for Developing Evidence-Based Practices p. 165 Effective Care in Pregnancy and Childbirth: A Synopsis p. 167 Standards of Family-Centered Maternity Care p. 179 An Overview of the Family-Centered Maternity Nursing Screening Tool p. 183 The Centering Pregnancy Program: A Model for Group Prenatal Care p. 185 Urban Midwife Associates: The UMA Foundation p. 187 Resources for Information on Family-Centered Maternity Care p. 189 Assessment Criteria for a Family Beginnings Maternity Program p. 193 Competency-Based Skills Checklist for Mother-Baby Nursing p. 215 Sample Policies, Procedures, and Patient Handouts for Family-Centered Maternity Care p. 239 Index p. 267 Table of Contents provided by Blackwell's Book Services and R.R. Bowker. Used with permission.