WARM UP 1) LET S GET WEIRD!!!! 2) Use your ipad to compile the following information: 1) 15 pictures of the Vietnam War 2) 3 songs that protest the Vietnam War 3) 2 pictures of the Vietnam Memorial in Washington, D.C.
WARM UP 1 Create an episode map on the Civil Rights Movement in the U.S.A. 2 You have 15 minutes to do this assignment with one another before we review as a class 3 You will also turn in the JFK/LBJ Episode Map today
THE VIETNAM WAR
Where is Vietnam?
FRANCE AND VIETNAM I. Indochina (later Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia) was a French colony that wanted independence following WW2 II. France denied Vietnamese independence beginning the First Indochina War III. Vietminh A. Vietnamese freedom fighters led by Ho Chi Minh B. Fought for independent Vietnam
A DIVIDED VIETNAM I. The Vietminh fought against the French colonization of Vietnam A. Vietminh want independence from France II. By 1950 the French army successfully took over the majority of South Vietnam III. The Geneva Accords (1954) ended the 1 st Indochina War and divided Vietnam in half at the 17th parallel. A. North Vietnam à Led by Ho Chi Minh s communist forces and supported by the USSR and China B. South Vietnam à Led by Ngo Dinh Diem capitalist government and supported by the U.S. and France.
ORIGINS OF THE VIETNAM WAR I. The Geneva Accords stated that North and South Vietnam would have a national election in 1956 to determine the political fate of the nation II. III. South Vietnam canceled these elections that were created to unify Vietnam in 1956 A. Everyone knew the communist government would easily win the election The Vietcong were supporters of communism in S. Vietnam and began attacking the capitalist government (terrorism) IV. The South Vietnamese government then began attacking Buddhist monasteries they believed were hiding communist A. Some Buddhist monks burned themselves alive to protest the S. Vietnamese government
SELF-IMMOLATION
AMERICAN INVOLVEMENT IN VIETNAM I. Despite large-scale government corruption in South Vietnam the USA continued to support the capitalist nation II. In 1963 JFK s assassination left the problems in Vietnam to LBJ III. The Cold War was still happening and the USA feared the spread of communism to Vietnam IV. The U.S. sent military advisors, aid supplies, weapons and money to S. Vietnam to stop the spread of communism A. Truman Doctrine, Domino Theory, Containment = stop communism
America sent planes, tanks and other military equipment to South Vietnam
THE GULF OF TONKIN RESOLUTION I. By the 1960s the communist forces controlled the majority of Vietnam II. The U.S. wanted to go to war but needed justification for a military intervention in Vietnam III. In 1964 LBJ told Congress that N. Vietnamese naval boats had attacked American ships in the Gulf of Tonkin IV. LBJ asked Congress to allow him to use military force against North Vietnam V. Congress passed the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution: A. Gave LBJ the ability use American soldiers to defend Vietnam from communism B. Allowed America to enter the Vietnam War
GULF OF TONKIN RESOLUTION August 7, 1964 Gulf of Tonkin ResoluOon authorized the President to take all necessary measure to repel any armed arack against the forces of the US and to prevent further aggression.
ESCALATION OF THE VIETNAM WAR I. In 1965 LBJ sent the first U.S. troops to Vietnam A. The majority of the country believed the war would be over quickly ending in American victory B. However by 1968 over 500,000 U.S. soldiers were fighting in Vietnam II. Ho Chi Minh and the Vietminh were supported with troops and weapons from the Soviet Union and China III. In Operation Rolling Thunder, the U.S. air force began bombing N. Vietnam
FIGHTING THE WAR IN VIETNAM I. The goal of U.S. military was to defeat the Vietcong & support capitalism in S. Vietnam: II. The Problem: A. The Vietcong lived with civilians in Vietnamese in cities & villages B. The enemy in Vietnam was not clear and U.S. soldiers struggled in this style of war C. The Vietcong used guerilla tactics to combat U.S. military superiority D. Jungles made fighting difficult
VC TACTICS I. Blend in with general populaoon by not wearing uniforms. A. Who is friend? B. Who is foe? II. Ambushes Vietcong III. Booby traps IV. Guerilla warfare Tradi2onal Vietnamese Farmer
AMERICAN EFFORTS IN VIETNAM I. The air force bombed villages & supply lines (Ho Chi Minh Trail) to force an enemy surrender II. The military used napalm to destroy villages & pesticides (Agent Orange) to destroy crops III. Soldiers were sent on deadly search & destroy missions into the jungles to find the Vietcong and kill them
AGENT ORANGE BEING SPRAYED FROM A HELICOPTER
THE FIGHTING IN VIETNAM I. The majority of the Vietnam War was Jungle Warfare A. Ambush, hiding & attacking B. Guerilla tactics C. No front lines D. Booby-traps, mines, tunnels E. The enemy is everywhere and nowhere at the same time II. The North Vietnamese used psychological warfare to convince their enemies to surrender
KILLED IN ACTION 1961-1968 Note: KIA figures for the NVA are unknown from 1961-1965
THE STRUGGLE IN VIETNAM I. American soldiers struggled to succeed in Vietnam A. The Vietnamese people did not support a foreign army B. The guerilla warfare left many confused about their enemy and left them on edge at all time C. The lack of battlefield victories led to low morale and lackluster support from home II. The Vietnam War became a very different conflict than the U.S.A. had every fought before