Internationalization in higher education in the Netherlands key figures 2009
Introduction Nuffic is the Netherlands organization for international cooperation in higher education. We support the internationalization of Dutch higher education and scientific research and help improve access to higher education worldwide. This also involves the publication of studies and figures about the internationalization of Dutch higher education, to provide visibility into trends and developments in mobility. Key Figures 2009 provides a quick overview of internationalization in higher education in the Netherlands. A distinction is made between diploma mobility, where the student aims to complete an academic programme and gain a diploma or a degree abroad, and credit mobility, where the student enriches his study at home with a study component or a placement abroad. An indication is given of foreign students in the Netherlands, where they come from and in which study phase they attend courses. Also the ten most popular Dutch universities are listed, in terms of absolute numbers of foreign students and in terms of the foreign student population as a percentage of the total student population of the university. Furthermore, the number of Dutch students abroad is given, as well as the countries where most of them register. Finally, information is provided on percentages of graduates who went abroad during the course of their study, and on universities with high scores on outward credit mobility. It is well known that Dutch society is very internationally oriented. Dutch universities who rank in the top ten in terms of percentages of foreign students out of their total student population and in terms of percentages of students gaining credits abroad during their study, can be considered to be even more internationally minded. For more detailed information on the internationalization of Dutch education, please see the annual Internationalization Monitor of Education in the Netherlands 2008, which can be downloaded or ordered in print via www.nuffic.nl/mobility. 1
General Higher education in the Netherlands number of students in the netherlands (2008-09) 219,018 at 13 research universities 382,878 at 41 universities of applied sciences 601,896 total = 10,000 students english-taught programmes 1,040 degree programmes 415 non-degree programmes 1,455 total = 50 English-taught programmes Mobility trends d i p l o m a mobility * Inbound: up Outbound: up c r e d i t mobility ** Inbound: no data Outbound: slightly up * Diploma mobility: to complete a study programme abroad. ** Credit mobility: to gain credits abroad for the study at home. 2
Foreign students in the Netherlands (academic year 2008-09) Number of foreign students Diploma mobility Credit mobility 33,000* EU+EFTA students enrolled 17,850 non-eu+efta students enrolled 7,250 17,900 exchange other credit mobile students students** 76,000 total = 1,500 students figures shown are rounded 44,800 in publicly funded higher education 6,050 in privately funded higher education * Including an estimated 2,600 students in privately funded higher education. ** Country of origin unknown. 3
Countries and continents of origin (diploma and credit mobility) foreign students in the netherlands * Germany 19,750 China 5,000 2,500 Belgium 1,950 Spain France 1,650 Indonesia 1,350 Italy 1,350 450 Vietnam Colombia 200 US 1,300 Czech Republic 400 Australia 200 Poland 1,300 Iran 350 Cameroon 200 Pakistan 350 Latvia 200 UK 1,150 Turkey 1,100 Bulgaria 1,050 850 Greece Taiwan 300 Slovakia 150 Canada 300 Ghana 150 Ethiopia 300 Tanzania 150 Surinam 600 Mexico 300 Saudi Arabia 150 Rumania 550 Japan 300 Switzerland 150 India 550 Thailand 250 Kenya 150 Finland 550 Brazil 250 Slovenia 150 Portugal 500 Denmark 250 Uganda 150 Austria 450 Nepal 250 Israel 150 Russia 450 Nigeria 250 Philippines 100 Sweden 450 Lithuania 200 Singapore 100 Norway 450 Ireland 200 Zimbabwe 100 Hungary 450 Morocco 200 South Africa 100 South Korea 450 Ukraine 200 Source: CFI, IND, Nuffic * Above 100, rounded at 50 s. 4
= 100 students 1,600 38,000 11,750 2,700 1,200 200 Total number of foreign students in the Netherlands: 76,000 ** ** 55,450 as indicated on the map plus roughly 2,600 from unspecified EU and EFTA countries and 17,950 students of unknown origin. 5
Diploma mobility Compared to other countries t o ta l nu m b e r of s t u d e n t s en r o l l e d, a c a d e m i c ye a r 2006-07 p e r c e n ta g e of e n r o l l e d st u d e n t s w i t h a fo r e i g n n at i o n a l i t y General trend f o r e i g n st u d e n t s in pu b l i c ly funded dutch higher education Netherlands* 590,121 6.4% 44,781 Belgium 393,687 10.5% 36,693 40,779 Germany 2,278,897 11.3% 28,194 34,090 Denmark 232,194 9.0% Finland 309,163 3.3% 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 Source: CFI Sweden 413,710 10.3% Source: OECD * Foreign students in publicly funded higher education. 6
t o ta l nu m b e r of st u d e n t s en r o l l e d, academic year 2006-07 p e r c e n ta g e of en r o l l e d st u d e n t s with a foreign nationality 8.0% Total of 21 EU countries 17,338,626 3.4% US 17,758,870 3.1% Japan 4,032,625 Source: OECD 7
Degree cycle of enrolled foreign students f o r e i g n st u d e n t s in pu b l i c ly fu n d e d ed u c at i o n, p e r ph a s e in 2008-09 trad. bachelor s master s master s 22% 1% 77% post-master s bachelor s 2008-09 bachelor s 34,482 master s 9,974 trad. bachelor s master s 267 post-master s 58 Total 44,781 Source: CFI 8
foreign students at dutch higher education institutions per phase in 2008-09 At universities of applied sciences At research universities 44% 56% 53% 47% bachelor s cycle master s cycle 96% 4% bachelor s cycle master s cycle Source: CFI = 10% Popular subject areas of enrolled foreign students At research universities At universities of applied sciences 1. Economics 2. Behaviour & Society 3. Technology 4. Language & Culture 1. Economics 2. Language & Culture 3. Behaviour & Society 4. Technology Source: CFI 9
Popular universities Top 10 institutions: Number of foreign students in 2008-09* 1,943 6 1,495 10 Hanze University of Applied Sciences Stenden University of Applied Sciences University of Amsterdam 1,848 1587 Erasmus University Rotterdam 5,077 1,834 2,649 Delft University of Technology 2,112 7 6 1178 2,266 1415 3 Saxion University of Applied Sciences 5 5 1,546 9 10 2,861 8 4 HAN University of Applied Sciences 2 Fontys University of Applied Sciences 1 8 Zuyd University of Applied Sciences Maastricht University Source: CFI = students at research university = students at university of applied sciences * Numbers of centrally registered foreign students. Due to the presence of non-centrally registered foreign students, notably of inbound credit mobile students, actual numbers and percentages are often higher. 10
Top 10 institutions: foreign students as percentages of the total student population per institution in 2008-09* Amsterdam School of the Arts 20% 9 Stenden University of Applied Sciences Gerrit Rietveld Academy 43% 23% Hotelschool The Hague Royal Academy of Fine Arts, Music and Dance 20% 10 35% 4 ArteZ Institute of the Arts Wageningen University Codarts University for the Arts Design Academy Eindhoven 39% 46% 23% 2 5 22% 7 6 1 20% 8 3 Maastricht University Source: CFI = students at research university = students at university of applied sciences * Percentages of centrally registered foreign students. Due to the presence of non-centrally registered foreign students, notably of inbound credit mobile students, actual numbers and percentages are often higher. 11
Dutch students abroad (academic year 2006-07) d u t c h st u d e n t s ab r o a d Diploma mobility Credit mobility 44,350 Total 11,850 enrolled within the EU 2,900 enrolled outside the EU 5,700 exchange students 23,900 other credit mobile students* = 1,000 students destination countries and continents (diploma and credit mobility)* UK 5,000 Belgium 3,650 Germany 1,950 US 1,600 Sweden France Spain 1,150 1.100 1.100 Finland 400 Italy 400 Denmark 350 Switzerland 350 Canada 300 Norway 300 Austria 250 Australia 250 Ireland 200 Portugal 150 Turkey 150 Total number of Dutch students abroad: 44,350 = 100 students Source: OECD, Nuffic * Above 100, rounded at 50 s. Please note that the destination of a roughly estimated 23,950 credit mobile students is not known. 12
1,950 17,900 250 no data no data 300 Total number of Dutch students abroad: 44,350** Source: OECD, Nuffic ** 20,400 as indicated on the map, plus roughly 23,950 students of whom the destination is unknown. 13
Diploma mobility t o ta l nu m b e r of s t u d e n t s en r o l l e d, academic year 2006-07 p e r c e n ta g e of s t u d e n t s e n r o l l e d in another country Netherlands 590,121 2.5% General trend dutch students studying for a diploma abroad Belgium 393,687 2.7% Germany 2,278,897 3.9% 12,465 12,886 13,238 14,194 14,722 Denmark 232,194 3.0% 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 Finland 309,163 3.2% Source: OECD Sweden 413,710 3.8% Source: OECD 14
t o ta l nu m b e r of st u d e n t s en r o l l e d, academic year 2006-07 p e r c e n ta g e of st u d e n t s enrolled in another country 2.9% Total of 21 EU countries 17,338,626 0.3% US 17,758,870 1.4% Japan 4,032,625 Source: OECD 15
Outbound credit mobility General trend % o f gr a d u at e s re p o r t i n g ou t b o u n d cr e d i t mobility du r i n g th e i r st u d y 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 26.9 36.1 29.4 38.3 28.4 40.1 25.9 41.6 20.1 38.6 25.3 18.6 36.1 23.2 19.4 36.0 24.2 17.2 31.6 22.0 18.3 31.3 22.8 20.2 29.1 23.1 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 Source: ROA = higher professional education = academic higher education = higher education Subject areas where credit mobility is popular At research universities At universities of applied sciences 1. Agriculture 2. Technology 3. Healthcare 4. Science 1. Agriculture 2. Economics 3. Healthcare 4. Language & Culture 16
Credit mobility: for study or for practical training? research universities 19% u n i v e r s i t i e s of ap p l i e d sc i e n c e s 19% 48% 61% 33% 20% Source: ROA = education = work placement = both 17
Universities where outbound credit mobility is popular Top 10 institutions: outbound credit mobility, 2006-07 graduates 32.12% 10 CHN University of Applied Sciences Delft University of Technology* NHTV Breda University of Applied Sciences 40.25% 8 40.30% 7 1587 84.28% 6 10 1 1178 46.69% 57.95% 46.36% 39.37% 5 4 28 44.02% 6 Aeres Group University of Twente* Van Hall Larenstein University of Applied Sciences Wageningen University* Eindhoven University of Technology* 9 52.14% HAS Den Bosch 3 Maastricht University* Source: ROA = students at research university = students at university of applied sciences * Data from 2005-06. 18
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www.nuffic.nl Kortenaerkade 11 / P.O. Box 29777 2502 LT The Hague / The Netherlands p +31 70 4260 260 / f +31 70 4260 399 Nuffic is the Netherlands organization for international cooperation in higher education. Our motto is Linking Knowledge Worldwide. And everything we ve done since our foundation in 1952 has been driven by this mission. Whichever way you look at it, Linking Knowledge Worldwide means bringing people together, because it s knowledge that makes us unique as people. Linking knowledge means linking people. What we love about knowledge is that you can t give it away. You can only share it with others. This sharing often leads to the creation of new knowledge. And so we add to the wealth of knowledge on our planet by communicating with each other and by forming networks to share it in. Nuffic is a proud exponent of Linking Knowledge Worldwide. Nuffic works in line with Dutch government policy to serve students and higher education institutions in three key areas: Capacity Building & Scholarships Administrating international mobility programmes (scholarships) and institutional cooperation programmes. Communication Providing information about higher education systems in the Netherlands and in other countries; providing credential evaluation services; providing information in the Netherlands about studying abroad, and in other countries about studying in Holland; promoting Dutch higher education in other countries; encouraging international mobility. Knowledge & Innovation Conducting studies into international cooperation in higher education; providing information to expert groups and consultation forums; transferring our knowledge of international cooperation in higher education through courses and seminars.
Nuffic, November 2009 All intellectual property rights for this publication belong to Nuffic. No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in an automated retrieval system or published in any form, without the prior written permission of Nuffic. The information in this publication was compiled with the utmost care. Nevertheless, Nuffic is unable to guarantee the accuracy or completeness of the data. The information may have changed or been amended in the interim. Nuffic accepts no liability whatsoever in respect of the information. You are advised to verify the accuracy of the information if the need so arises. Editor: Eric Richters, Nuffic Design: Ontwerpwerk, The Hague Printing: Prints & Proms, Rotterdam
This is a general summary and figures are approximate. Enrolment generally refers to government sponsored study programmes. For further detail, please refer to Internationalization Monitor of Education in the Netherlands 2008, which can be downloaded from www.nuffic.nl/mobility.