RECRUITING STAFF NURSES AS RESEARCH PARTICIPANTS: LESSONS LEARNED

RECRUITING STAFF NURSES AS RESEARCH PARTICIPANTS: LESSONS LEARNED

TEAM MEMBERS Karen H. Morin, PhD, RN, ANEF, FAAN Ashley Wright, BSN, RN [Principal Investigator, and 2015 AWHONN Novice Researcher Award Marshe Suderman, MSN, RN, FNP-BC Donna Moyer, PhD, RN, PCNS-BC Khristina Grimm, PhD, RN Special thanks to Heidi Wheeler, MS, ANP-BCN, and to AWHONN

LEARNING OBJECTIVES Identify difficulties (barriers) encountered when recruiting nurses to participate in EBP and research Describe at least two lessons learned

CONTEXT Evidence supports anticipatory rounds in Medical surgical units Minimal research for postpartum units

PURPOSE / DESIGN To obtain patient, staff nurse, and nurse leadership perspectives on Interactions between nurses and postpartum mothers during anticipatory rounds on a mother-baby unit The frequency of anticipatory rounds on the mother-baby unit Design: Focus groups Setting Bronson Methodist Hospital is a 405-bed hospital located in southwest Michigan-Magnet 10 separate focus groups 12 staff nurses 6 leaders 15 patients

SAMPLE Sample Age (Mean & SD) Education Years of Nursing Experience (Mean & SD) 15.5 (10.3) Staff Nurse N= 12 Nurse Leader N= 6 Patient N= 15 43.6 (9.79) ADN 55 (7.43) BSN 30.6 (6.7) 29.2 (3.41) N/A N/A

FINDINGS RESEARCH QUESTION 1 Relevant Nursing Interactions Help with infant feeding Managing patient comfort Appreciating the need for safety Being there Knowing ahead of time RESEARCH QUESTION 2 Frequency of 2-3 hour as most appropriate time frame Influenced by two themes Taking rest and interruption into account Considering maternal and infant risk factors

OVERARCHING THEME Taking the Whole Picture in to Account A lot depends on the report you get, you know, and also what the patients have happening with them now. If they are having temperatures, they re getting antibiotics, I mean, if they re on blood sugars I mean, you have to

RECRUITMENT EFFORTS Flyers announcing the study and requesting staff nurse participation were: posted in staff bathrooms and break rooms on the MBU, placed in nurses mailbox, included in a weekly unit e-mail. Additional strategies given limited response to these recruitment strategies: An investigator extended a verbal invitation during monthly staff meetings Focus groups were scheduled immediately following staff meetings and following change of shift for those working nights or midafternoon [typically a quiet time on the unit]

LITERATURE

ENABLERS Interest in the topic BARRIERS (Albers & Time constraints Sedler, 2004) Relationship with the PI (A & S, 2004) Minimal impact on clinical practice (A & S, 2004) Broyles et al., (2011) Minimize burden On-site recruitment and preenrollment Increased scheduling flexibility Accessing peer-to-peer recruitment (Albers & Sedler, 2004) Balancing pt care demands (Roll et al. 2013) Adjusting to fluctuating staff and patient volumes (Roll et al, 2013) Limited familiarity with research process (Roxburgh, 2006) Leadership support (Friese et al., 2017)

LESSONS LEARNED Clarify investigator assumptions about staff interest in study focus Plan study closer to when practice change initiated Be sensitive to when data collection starts Consider amount of incentive offered Verify institutional/leadership support for the study Conduct at place of employment [on the unit] Increase face-to-face contact when recruiting Design strategies to help increase staff valuing of participation the WIIIFM

CONTACT INFORMATION Karen H. Morin, PhD, RN, ANEF, FAAN Professor Emerita, Interim Associate Dean for Academic Affairs University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee morin@uwm.edu

SELECTED REFERENCES Albers, L.L.,& Sedler, K.D. (2004). Clinician perspectives on participation in research. Journal of Midwifery & Women s Health, 49,47-50. DOI: 10.1016/j.jmwh.2003.09.013 Broyles, L. M., Rodriquez, K. L., Price, P. A., Bayliss, N. K. & Sevick, M.A. (2011). Overcoming barriers to the recruitment of nurses as participants in health care research. Qualitative Health Research, 21 (2), 1705-1718. DOI:10.1177/104932311417727 Coyne, E., Grafton, E., & Reid, A. (2016). Strategies to successfully recruit and engage clinical nurses as participants in qualitative clinical research. Contemporary Nurse, 52 (6), 669-676. DOI: 1080/10376178.2016.1181979 Hysong, S. J., Smitham, K.B., Knox, M., Johnson, K., SoRelle, R., & Haidet, P. (2013). Recruiting clinical personnel as research participants: A framework for assessing feasibility. Implementation Science, 8, 125. DOI:10.1186/1748-5908-8-125 Mentes, C. R., & Phillips, P. C. (2014). Using Facebook and participant information clips to recruit emergency nurses for research. Nurse Researcher, 21 (6), 16-21. DOI: 10.7748/nr.21.6.16.e1246 Roll, L., Stegenga, K., Hendricks-Ferguson, V., Barnes, Y. J., Cherven, B., Docherty, S. L., Robb, S. L., & Haase, J. E. (2013). Engaging nurses in research for a randomized clinical trial of a behavioral health intervention. Nursing Research and Practice, Volume 2013, Article ID 183984. DOI:10.1155/2013/183984