Presentation to Kansas 3R Legislative Committee Site Visit Observations The Big Picture as Seen by An Outsider Dr. Tony Fabelo The JFA Institute 1
Overview Framework of Tough and Smart Policies in Place Framework Under Pressure Opportunities to Strengthen Framework 2
Framework Tough Smart Increased punishments/incapacitation for violent offenders Increased alternatives for low level nonviolent offenders Sentencing Guidelines Structure 3
Strong Policies in Place Sentencing guidelines structure Tougher sentences for serious offenders Expanded use of probation for low level drug possession offenders Extended probation for violators as graduated sanction Low number of absconders 2.5% of offenders under supervision 4
Non Drug More Severe Admissions Up *Kansas Sentencing Commission, Annual Report, 2003, page 62 5
Probation Sentences Up *Kansas Sentencing Commission, Annual Report, 2003, page 63 6
Higher # of Lower Severity Drug Probation Sentences *Kansas Sentencing Commission, Annual Report, 2003, page 64 7
Incarceration Rate Low 8 *2004 Corrections Briefing Report, Kansas DOC, page 37
Prison Capacity Planning in Place Projection model and consensus process in place for long-term planning Prison capacity expanded at low cost 2,635 net capacity increase FY 95-04 mainly using renovations at total cost of $28.9 million DOC strategic planning in place LSI-R Assessment implementation Level of service inventory at intake and supervision that considers risk Level of Service Inventory-Revised Assessment 9
Some Evaluation Capacity in Place Computerized data Available for potential analysis in different systems but some improvements needed Sentencing Commission Conducts impact analysis Tracks impact of SB 123 DOC Improving recidivism measures by using uniform tracking times for evaluation groups 10
Overview Framework of Tough and Smart Policies in Place Framework Under Pressure Opportunities to Strengthen Framework 11
Growing Prison Population *Kansas Sentencing Commission, Fiscal Year 2005 Adult Inmate Prison Population Projections, September 2004, page 21 12
Correctional System at Capacity *2004 Corrections Briefing Report, Kansas DOC, page 35 13
Stacking Effect One Driver of Growth 14 *Kansas Sentencing Commission, Fiscal Year 2005 Adult Inmate Prison Population Projections, September 2004, page 24
Violations Another Driver of Growth 29.3% of admissions in 2004 compared to 22.1% in 2000 15 *Kansas Sentencing Commission, Fiscal Year 2005 Adult Inmate Prison Population Projections, September 2004, page 41
Parole Condition Revocations Rate Up Year Condition Violators Post-Supervision Population Ratio Violations to Supervision 1996 1,891 5,425 1 to 4.3 1997 1,703 5,546 1 to 3.6 1998 1,952 5,773 1 to 3.1 1999 2,347 5,643 1 to 2.6 2000 3,178 5,385 1 to 1.9 2001 2,654 3,896 1 to 1.5 2002 2,441 3,927 1 to 1.6 * DOC, Statistical Profile, 2002 From Figure 2, page 3 and Figure 7, page 8 16
Program Funding Down *2004 Corrections Briefing Report, Kansas DOC, page 88 17
Community Program Capacity Down *2004 Corrections Briefing Report, Kansas DOC, page 87 18
Prison Program Capacity Mainly Down *2004 Corrections Briefing Report, Kansas DOC, page 86 19
Overview Framework of Tough and Smart Policies in Place Framework Under Pressure Opportunities to Strengthen Framework 20
Goal and Strategies Goal: Maintain Sufficient Prison Capacity to Lockup Violent Offenders Reduce Time in Prison/ Stacking Cut Down Probation and Parole Revocations Improve Community Capacity to Receive and Supervise Offenders Improve Performance Measures Construct More Prisons 21
Why Probation Revocations Up? 1.What are the reasons for revocations and the population characteristics? 2. Is disparity among counties/districts an issue? 3. What is the risk profile? 4. Are intermediate sanctions/programs available and effective as option? 22
Why Parole Revocations Up? 1.What are the reasons for violations and the population characteristics? 2. Is disparity among districts offices an issue? 3. What is the risk profile? 4. How frequently is the same offender returned to prison for a violation? 5. Are intermediate sanctions/programs available and effective as option? 23
Better Program Outcomes An Issue? Percent Returned as Condition Violator Program Need/No Program Need/Completed Program No Need/ No Program Sex Offender Treatment 41.8% 39.9% 30.3% All Substance Abuse Treatment 27.5% 35.5% 27.8% Vocational Education 34.5% 34.1% 27.0% Pre-release Reintegration 39.7% 35.2% 31.7% Work Release Reintegration 31.5% 29.5% 27.9% Measures need to improve and DOC working on this 24
Key Locations *Kansas Sentencing Commission, Fiscal Year 2005 Adult Inmate Prison Population Projections, September 2004, page 75 25
Targeting Areas Identify geographical locations receiving and producing most offenders Reinvest for further performance Generate savings by reducing correctional costs Identify strategies to more cohesively deliver supervision, treatment and prevention services in areas/for population Develop evaluation strategies to determine impact on reducing recidivism/violations 26
One Possibility 27 Court Services Officers (Probation) Community Corrections Parole Supervision Integrated Use of LSI-R Assessment Develop Uniform Service Inventory of: Substance Abuse Job Training Housing Employment Mental Health Child Support
Another Possibility Re-entry Transition Work Release Program Target Community Job Training/Assistance for Supervision Population Caseworker Supervision Strategies Faith Based/Other Community Services Day Reporting Center Intermediate Sanctions Punishments and Programs 28
Information and Evaluations Sentencing Commission Examine expansion of role as hub for policy analysis and evaluations to enhance policy development Examine integration of LRS-R data for analysis Computerize SC Journal Entry Data KCIJS Examine Data Exchange Protocols DOC Examine computer platforms/integration of data Examine staff research capacity Spanning Beyond Justice Boundaries Develop social services, health and labor data exchange protocols and measures to track needs and outcomes 29
Overview Framework of Tough and Smart Policies in Place Framework Under Pressure Opportunities to Strengthen Framework 30
Thank You 31