Revolutionary War Unit Study Guide and Answers 1 Causes of the Revolution Know that the following events help cause the Revolutionary War. Be able to identify them: The French and Indian War, Navigation Act, Sugar Act, Stamp Act, Townshend Act, Quartering Act, Tea Act, and Intolerable Acts, The Proclamation of 1763 Know that the Intolerable Acts took away the right of self-government from the colonies. Vocabulary Words Words to Know Repeal to change a act or law Natural rights the rights that every person is initialed to; Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of happiness Consent of the people when the majority of the people agree with an Act, law, or government Tyranny when a government treats people unjustly or cruelly Monopoly one person or company controlling a good or service (The Tea Act). Artisan a person that is skilled in creates a commodity from silver, gold, wood, clay, etc Apprentice a person who works for little or no pay, to learn to be an artisan Puritan - another name for a person that wanted to purify the Church of England Overseer a person that watched over workers, or slaves, usually on a plantations Assembly a group of representatives gather together to make decisions for others Patriot (Whig) the name commonly associated with the Americans that fought against King George III Loyalist (Tory) the name used to describe Americans that were loyal to King George III Neutral- does not choose a side in a conflict Traitor - a person that changes sides in a war for money or other reasons
Revolutionary War Unit Study Guide and Answers 2 Almanac a booklet that contains information about planting crops, the weather, and other useful information (Benjamin Franklin wrote these). Delegate a person chosen to represent his colony in congress Minuteman colonial citizen-soldiers that were ready to fight the British in a minute. Militia - poorly trained state troops, they made up the majority of the colonial army when the Revolution began. Rebellion a term used to describe a war when a countries people rise against its own government Continental Army the army that was reauthorized by the Continental Congress, that later became the United States Army Hessians German mercenaries (soldiers) hired by King George III to fight against the American colonist Turning point - the time a which one side in a war begins to lose, and the other side begins to win Petition a document signed by a group of people asking for change Grievances a list of complaints Self-evident something that doesn t need to be explained Pursuit the act of looking for something Protestant the name commonly used to describe a Christian religion other than the Catholic Church Parish a religious or political land boundary, similar to a county People to Know Benjamin Franklin he was an inventor, served as a delegate to the Continental Congress, and signed the Declaration of Independence. Samuel Adams spoke out against the Stamp Act, was a member of The Sons of Liberty, encouraged the colonies to keep let each other know about problems with the British (Committees of Correspondence). Thomas Paine wrote the pamphlet Common Scene calling for Independence.
Revolutionary War Unit Study Guide and Answers 3 Patrick Henry was a member of the Virginia House of Burgesses. He spoke the fiery words, I know not what course others may take; but as for me, give me liberty, or give me death! John Paul Jones American navy hero, commanded the battleship, Bonhomme Richard. He attached British war ships that were blockading America, during the battle he yelled, I have not yet begun to fight! Nathan Hale a young American patriot hanged for spying on the British. He said, I only regret that I have but one life to give for my country. Crispus Attucks a former slave, that was killed when British soldiers fired upon a crowd in Boston, Massachusetts. The event was later called the Boston Massacre. Molly Pitcher (Mary Ludwig Hayes), was a female patriot, she is best know for carrying water to American soldiers, and manning the cannons during battle. Nancy Hart - a backcountry patriot woman that lived in Georgia. It is said that she tricked a group of Tories, killed one of them, and wounded another with their own guns. Benedict Arnold was a patriot general who became a traitor, in exchange for money. James Armistead - was the African American spy who discovered Benedict Arnold s treason, and reported it to the Americans. King George III was the king of England during both the French and Indian War, and the American Revolutions. Frederick, Lord North was the prime minister of Great Britain during the American Revolution. Though he repealed many of the taxes on the colonies, he was responsible for the harsh treatment of the colonies after the Boston Tea Party. Charles Cornwallis - was a British general in the American Revolution. For a time, his army controlled the South. Marquis de Lafayette a young French nobleman, who sailed to America to join the Continental Army. He was made a major general on Washington s staff. He persuaded France to send arms, and troops to help the colonist fight Britain.
Revolutionary War Unit Study Guide and Answers 4 Paul Revere a silversmith by trade, help spread the word from Boston to Lexington that the British are coming! William Dawes a shoemaker by trade, helped spread the alarm that the British are coming, he took a different route than his partner. Samuel Prescott a doctor, joined with the other riders on the way to Concord, and help spread the alarm that the British were coming. George Washington - the man that the Second Continental Congress made commander-in-chief of the Continental Army (commanding general). John Adams - served on the committee to help write a statement declaring the colonies independence from Britain. Thomas Jefferson a young lawyer and architect from Virginia, he did the actual writing of the Declaration of Independence. Sir James Wright the royal governor of Georgia during the American Revolutions, most Georgians considered him a friend. His influence kept Georgia from sending delegates to the First Continental Congress. Elijah Clark was the patriot general who lead his men to victory over the loyalist at Kettle Creek, Georgia on February 14, 1779. This prevented the British from gaining control of Georgia. Beginnings of Our Government Virginia s House of Burgesses formed in 1619, it was the first lawmaking assembly in America. It became the model for other colonial assemblies. Continental Congress First Continental Congress, 1774: representatives from all the colonies, except Georgia, assembled to find answers to the problems with Parliament. The Second Continental Congress, 1775: representatives from all of the colonies meet to vote to form the Continental Army, and made George Washington its commander-in-chief. The Declaration of Independence - the document that describes the colonist grievances against the king, and declared the colony s independence from Great Britain.
Revolutionary War Unit Study Guide and Answers 5 Provisional Congress - in July 1775, delegates from Georgia s parishes meet to voice opposition to Governor Wright, and to refuse to trade with Great Britain. Important Events Boston Massacre in 1770, five American colonists were killed while yelling insults at British soldiers, in Boston. Boston Tea Party December 1773, to protest the British taxes, the Sons of Liberty dressed as Indians, climbed aboard British ships in Boston Harbor, and dumped thousands of pounds of tea into the water. The Midnight Ride on the night of April 18, 1775, Paul Revere, William Dawes, and Samuel Prescott, rode from Boston to Lexington sound the alarm for the Minutemen, that the British are coming! Battle of Lexington and Concord - April 19, 1775, Minutemen met the British at Lexington, shots rang out, and this was the beginning of the war. The first shot is often referred to as the shot heard round the world. Battle of Bunker Hill - on June 17, 1775, militiamen from other colonies joined with the Massachusetts militia to try and hold the British Army in Boston. More than 250 British soldiers were killed or wounded. American forces fought till they ran out of ammunition, then pulled back. Continental Army Formed - army formed by the delegates of the Second Continental Congress. Battle of Trenton December 25, 1776, American forces cross the Delaware River, and defeat the Hessian army at Trenton. Battle of Saratoga, New York Oct. 1777, American forces fire on the British from the woods, forcing them into the forest. Unable to fight they surrender. Because of this victory the French entered the war on the American side, it was the turning point of the war. Valley Forge, Pennsylvania - the winter of 1777-1778, Washington and his Continental Army, spend the harsh winter with little food, or clothing. Those who survived were trained by a German officer and became a fine fighting force.
Revolutionary War Unit Study Guide and Answers 6 Battle of Kettle Creek, Georgia February 14, 1779, under the leadership of Elijah Clark, the patriots defeat the loyalist preventing the British from gaining control of Georgia. The Battle of Yorktown, Virginia October 19, 1781, General Washington traps British General Cornwallis and his entire army. Cornwallis is forced to surrender. Treaty of Paris 1783, was an agreement between America and the British that recognized American independence, and ended the American Revolution. Be able to write/discuss: Why George Washington was the best man for the job of commander-inchief of the Continental Army. Three rights from the Declaration of Independence, and what they mean.