Technology Development in Support of Port Security. Michael S. Bruno Stevens Institute of Technology July 19, 2012

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1 Technology Development in Support of Port Security Michael S. Bruno Stevens Institute of Technology July 19, 2012

2 The National Center for Secure and Resilient Maritime Commerce CSR A Department of Homeland Security National Center of Excellence for Port Security

3 More than 20 addt l industry collaborators CSR A Department of Homeland Security National Center of Excellence for Port Security

Overview COE Description Need: Congress mandated a Center of Excellence for Maritime Domain Awareness in the Safe Ports Act (2006) Scope: Based on HSPD 13: Maritime Security Policy; HSPD- 25: Arctic

4 Overview COE Description Need: Congress mandated a Center of Excellence for Maritime Domain Awareness in the Safe Ports Act (2006) Scope: Based on HSPD 13: Maritime Security Policy; HSPD- 25: Arctic Region Policy o National Strategy for Maritime Security - Maritime Domain Awareness (MDA); Global Maritime Intelligence Integration; Coordination of Domestic and International Efforts and Outreach; Maritime Threat Response; Maritime Infrastructure Recovery; Maritime Transportation System Security; Maritime Commerce Security Research Activities Multi-modal MDA sensors for U.S. ports, islands, territories, and extreme environments, include satellite-based sensors, radar, and underwater acoustic sensors Algorithms for the integration of satellite, radar, and underwater acoustic data to support the detection and tracking of surface and underwater threats, including vessels, divers, and ice Decision support systems, including visualization techniques and assessment of hostile intent Tools for transparency of the global supply chain and resiliency of the nation s marine transportation system to prevent and protect, and minimize damage and expedite recovery from attacks or catastrophic events Customers Science and Technology Directorate U.S. Coast Guard Federal Emergency Management Agency Customs and Border Protection Air & Marine State and Local Security Agencies Local Emergency Responders Nation s Ports and Inland Waterways US Navy National Geospatial Intelligence Agency National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Presenter s Name June 17,

5 Bottom Line Upfront Understand the threat Know the environment Build trust with stakeholders & partners Experiment, experiment CSR A Department of Homeland Security National Center of Excellence for Port Security

Maritime Domain Awareness Approach Dual Use Technologies Demonstrate Vessel Detection Global > Approaches > Port University of Miami Global Satellite

6 Maritime Domain Awareness Approach Dual Use Technologies Demonstrate Vessel Detection Global > Approaches > Port University of Miami Global Satellite Coverage, Visible & Microwave Rutgers University Over-the-Horizon Compact High Frequency Radar Networks Stevens Institute of Technology Shallow Underwater Acoustics

7 The Challenge U.S. 2010: 95,000 miles of coastline; 361 ports $958 billion intl commerce on the MTS 8 million cruise ship and ferry passengers 13 million registered recreational boaters

8 Inner New York Harbor (lower right: Verrazano Narrows Bridge visible) Details on ships wakes (speed, heading and course) vessel type (cargo, container, tanker, etc.) ELECTRO-OPTICAL SENSORS FORMOSAT-2-2 M PANCHROMATIC The Center for Secure and Resilient Maritime Commerce (CSR)

TerraSAR-X SpotLight Image on 21 JUN 2010 @ 11:11 UTC

9 TerraSAR-X SpotLight Image on 21 JUN 11:11 UTC The Center for Secure and Resilient Maritime Commerce (CSR)

10 Mid-Atlantic HF Radar Network 14 Long-Range HF Radars 7 Medium-Range HF Radars 15 Short-Range HF Radars 36 Total 10 The Center for Secure and Resilient Maritime Commerce (CSR)

11 Mid-Atlantic Bight HF Radar Network 1000 km Alongshore Length Scale Mid-Atlantic HF Radar Network 14 Long-Range HF Radars 7 Medium-Range HF Radars 15 Short-Range HF Radars 36 Total 11 The Center for Secure and Resilient Maritime Commerce (CSR)

Monostatic and Bistatic Detections on the

Amalthea Ship Type: Tanker Length: 247 m LEAP

12 Monostatic and Bistatic Detections on the Amalthea Sea Bright radar and AIS Rx Belmar radar Track of Amalthea from 11:00 to 1:00 AIS data ends 20 km from receiver at Sea Bright Amalthea Ship Type: Tanker Length: 247 m LEAP The Center for Secure and Resilient Maritime Commerce (CSR)

13 (Portable) Stevens Passive Acoustic System

14 DEMON Signatures Ferry_B (#3) Speed Boat(#18) Sail Boat (#7)

Small Vessel Security Strategy, 2008; Meetings with USCG, NYPD, USN, others USCG SAROPS Macondo Spill USN swimmer defense Planned: Mona Island, PR Arctic (Barrow) Port of Singapore Spiral Development

15 Small Vessel Security Strategy, 2008; Meetings with USCG, NYPD, USN, others USCG SAROPS Macondo Spill USN swimmer defense Planned: Mona Island, PR Arctic (Barrow) Port of Singapore Spiral Development for Small Vessel Detection Technology Capabilities, Multi-Sensors Real-Time Applications NY Harbor July, 2010 & 2011 Netherlands, Oct, 2010 PortMiami, April, 2011 San Diego, Spring, 2012 Detect & track entire range of vessels, incl non-ais November, 2009 How Small is Too Small? HF Radar algorithms, acoustic classification, vessels at rest CSR A Department of Homeland Security National Center of Excellence for Port Security

16 Success Stories Technology Making a Difference

18 RADARSAT-2 15 JUN :51 GMT 0.62 m/s maximum speed The Center for Secure and Resilient Maritime Commerce (CSR)

19 Optimizing HF Radar for SAR using USCG Surface Drifters

20 U.S. Coast Guard: Search And Rescue Optimal Planning System National HF Radar Network 151 Sites Mid-Atlantic Operational Data Flow to SAROPS SAROPS 96-Hour Search Area: SAROPS 96-Hour Search Area: HF Radar 12,000 km 2 CSR A Department of Homeland Security National Center of Excellence for Port Security

21 (Portable) Stevens Passive Acoustic System

22 DIVER IN STEVENS TOW TANK

23 Diver signal Results of the Newport test Open-circuit SCUBA at ~600m

24 Tracking a UUV (Remus 600) Sonar Acoustic modem Noise of UUV movement

25 KNOW YOUR ENVIRONMENT!

observing sensors and forecast models TO

Currents Water Level Salinity Temperature

26 NYHOPS: New York Harbor Observing and Prediction System Integrated system of observing sensors and forecast models TO OBSERVE TO PREDICT TO COMMUNICATE Weather Currents Water Level Salinity Temperature Waves Water Quality One high-resolution 3D model grid: 150,680 water cells. From 7.5km to <50m variable resolution. 7 coastal states.

27 Out to 48 hours

Asset Adaptive Control Ocean forecast model

Estimation Threat assessment (environment,

Persistent Surveillance Tasking and path

28 Asset Adaptive Control Ocean forecast model Data assimilation, model improvement Event Estimation Threat assessment (environment, intel) Adaptive Predictive Controller Persistent Surveillance Tasking and path planning Sensor Assignment to Datalogger Dataloggers Sensors Dynamic Assignment Adaptive sampling of Static Sensors Adaptive sampling and real-time UUV path planning

29 An argument for Persistent Surveillance: Black Swans

30 NOAA Satellite Image, Aug. 28, 2005, 1145 EDT

31 US Airways flight 1549 Photo: Brendan Mcdermid/Reuters Photo: Brendan Mcdermid/Reuters

32 flightpath.wmv

34 Stevens forecast January 15, 2009, 1600 hours

35 January 15, 2009, 4:29pm Thank you Professor, I have forwarded your and followed up with our Watch Command Supervisor via telephone regarding this information. As always, we are very appreciative of your continued assistance and support. Michael Lee Director of Watch Command NYC Office of Emergency Management

36 Key Issues: CONOPS for port security technologies (detect, classify, track, respond). LATENCY OF RESPONSE Integrated approach. Risk =Hazard/Safeguards Prevention + Design-for-Resiliency 250m stand-off distance (Fleet Week, NYC) CSR A Department of Homeland Security National Center of Excellence for Port Security

37 FUTURE DIRECTIONS

38 Ongoing Passive Acoustic System Evolution Stevens will soon announce a commercialization partnership toward an integrated underwater sense-and-warn system

40 HF Radar Testbed at High Latitudes Objective: Test the capability of the SeaSonde HF Radar as a detection and surveillance sensor at high latitudes. Sponsor: Participants: Northwest passage routes Remote Power Module AIS traffic near Barrow The Center for Secure and Resilient Maritime Commerce (CSR)

Build the pool of future Maritime Security practitioners.

41 CSR Education Goals & Objectives The Summer Research Institute (SRI) Transfer research into relevant education programs. Provide programs that enhance technical skills & leadership capabilities. Increase opportunities for women & minority students. Build the pool of future Maritime Security practitioners Highlights 90% of SRI students 21 participants reported that the 8 universities (3 MSI & HBCUs) program had Diverse disciplines & degrees enhanced their interest in pursuing advanced Curriculum: study and/or careers in Faculty lectures maritime/homeland Guest speakers security. Field visits Field experiments, lab work, crisis simulation The Center for Secure and Resilient Maritime Commerce (CSR)

42 THANK YOU!

USN Arctic Roadmap SCICEX SAC meeting. CDR Nick Vincent 21 May 2014

USN Arctic Roadmap SCICEX SAC meeting. CDR Nick Vincent 21 May 2014 USN Arctic Roadmap 2014-2030 SCICEX SAC meeting CDR Nick Vincent 21 May 2014 Polar routes will gradually open. Transit season is short. Maritime activity growth only 2-4% of global shipping. Will not replace