US & WWII! Mobilizing for War! 2/6/11! Axis Advantages: Japan & Germany controlled more land & more prepared for war than Allies!

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1 US & WWII! Mobilizing for War! Axis Advantages: Japan & Germany controlled more land & more prepared for war than Allies! War was fought on Multiple fronts in France, USSR & Asia! Allied Advantages: USSR s massive military & United State s massive production abilities! 1!

2 Production Boom:! 486,000 workers producing ammunition, cannon shells & rifles! Built 300,000 aircraft by end of war! US factories produced planes, tanks, jeeps & guns! 88,000 water to land crafts submarines aircraft carriers warships & 5,200 merchant ships! Gov t Expansion:! War Productions Board = oversaw increased military production! Office of War Mobilization = coordinated all gov t agencies involved in war effort! Directing Economy:! Gov t controlled economy! Created income tax for M.C. & L.C. Americans! Sold War Bonds! Rationed gasoline, tires, coffee, sugar, meat, butter & canned goods! Froze wage increases! 2!

3 Raising An Army:! US called National Guard to active duty! Selective Training & Service Act = created first PEACETIME draft in US history... All men aged 18-45! Before Draft: 269,023 Army ,997 Navy... 28,345 Marines! 12 million US soldiers fought in WWII! 300,000 women... nurses, drove vehicles & ferried planes in order to allow men to fight! Rosie The Riveter! Liberty Girl! 3!

4 Victory Garden! Americans Remember The Homefront! When my son enlisted in the air force, he went to McDill Field in Florida. So I went there... Then I came back to Westminster... And found that people who didn t have someone overseas were not too concerned. They were interested in bacon and sugar and gas, which I was not... I did a lot of war work... when I was at McDill, I worked in the hospital... I started to do some volunteer work in Westminster, like rolling bandages, but I couldn t make it. The people I was doing it with were not in my situation at all. They were more concerned with what they were having to give up than with what was happening in Europe. I had people call me up and ask, Do you have coupons? We can get butter tomorrow. I never stood in a line for a thing. I thought that if the men could do without it, so could I. Mary Speir! Americans Remember The Homefront! [formed] a neighborhood Victory Garden, plowed up the backyards of three houses, and planted beans, corn, tomatoes, okra, squash, and all the things we could use. When the crop came in,... [we] used a pressure cooker and canned all day. I was canning until midnight and later, night after night, and I frequently said, I wish I had Hitler in that pressure cooker. - Martha Wood! 4!

5 Women Working In US! Foremen from other departments come to my machine to ask me to do some work for them if I have time because they say I m the best counter-sinker in the vast building! At forty-nine I ve at last become not better than average, but the best! - Female aircraft worker! Victory Gardens! 5!

6 Gasoline Rationing! Gasoline Rationing! Rationing! 6!

7 Taxes & Bonds!...They re Watching Us...!...They re Watching Us...! 7!

8 ...They re Watching Us...!...They re Watching Us...! Wartime Discrimination! 8!

9 Intro! HAND IN CURRENT EVENTS ON AFRICA/ MIDDLE EAST! DISCUSS: What groups of people do you think were discriminated against during WWII? Why?! Japanese Internment Camps! Issei = Native born Japanese who moved to US! Nisei = US born JapaneseAmericas! Japanese-Americans put in detention camps in West & Midwest! Hawaii placed under Martial Law! Many Japanese-Americans STILL fought in WWII! Interment Camps! 9!

10 Press Coverage! Press Coverage! Transportation to Camps! 10!

11 Internment Camps! Zoot-Suit Riots! Over 300,000 MexicanAmericans served in WWII & Helped with Homefront Labor needs! Moved from Southwest to West & Midwest for production jobs! Discrimination in Housing, Jobs & Facility use! Racial Hostility mostly between White & Mexican youths... led to riots & beatings! Sum Up! Why were the Japanese-Americans discriminated against?! Why were the Mexican-Americans discriminated against?! What group(s) today is(are) discriminated against?! Why? Any similarities between today & WWII? What?! 11!

12 QUIZ TOMORROW "! STUDY!!!!!!!! Fascism (3 countries), Totalitarianism (1), Militarism (1)! Axis & Allied Powers (name those countries)! War of The Worlds & Reactions! Direct cause of US involvement in WWII! Liberty Girl & Rosie The Riveter (what were they?)! When you ride alone you ride with [who?]! Japanese Internment & Zoot-Suit Riots! 12!

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