Emergency Plan of Action (EPoA) Nepal: Floods and Landslides

Transcription

1 P a g e 1 Emergency Plan of Action (EPoA) Nepal: Floods and Landslides Emergency Appeal (Revised) n MDRNP009 Date of issue: 23 ch Appeal Budget (Revision): The budget has been revised from CHF 3,531,719 to CHF 2,962,956 Glide n FL NPL Expected timeframe: 16 months Expected end date: 31 ember ; The operation (appeal) timeframe has been extended from 12 to 16 months DREF allocated: CHF 497,099 was allocated on 14 ust 2017 Total number of people affected: 1.7 million Number of people to be assisted (revised): An estimated number of 80,282 people to be assisted for the overall operation which covers the relief and recovery phase. Host National Society (ies) presence (n of volunteers, staff, branches): Nepal Red Cross Society (NRCS) has presence in all 75 districts of the country in the form of district chapters and more than 1,300 sub-chapters. A total of 1,289 volunteers and ior/youth Red Cross members and 21 National Disaster Response Team (NDRT) members were mobilized to help with early warning, evacuations, rapid assessments, relief distributions and logistics management in the affected districts. Red Cross Red Crescent Movement partners actively involved in the operation: NRCS, International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) and in-country partner National Societies (PNSs) provided technical inputs during the relief phase of the operation. For the recovery phase of the floods operation, American Red Cross and British Red Cross will provide bilateral support to NRCS in Sarlahi and Jhapa districts respectively. Other partner organizations actively involved in the operation: Nepal Government Ministry of Home Affairs, District Disaster Response Committee (DDRC), Central Natural Disaster Relief Committee (CNDRC), Security Forces (Nepal Army, Nepal Police, Armed Police Force), UN agencies, local NGOs and private sector. Summary of major changes (from initial Emergency Plan of Action): Appeal timeframe has been extended for four months until 31 ember Number of targeted families for the relief phase has been reduced from 16,200 families (81,000 people) to 15,000 families (75,000 people) in 31 districts. Number of targeted families for the recovery phase is 7,000 families (35,000 people) 1 from 7 districts. Based on the current needs of the targeted population, activities in the recovery phase have been adjusted accordingly. The overall budget of the Appeal has been revised from CHF 3,531,719 to CHF 2,962,956. The revised budget reflects the amendment of relief and recovery activities as well as the available funding. 1 Some of the people to be reached with recovery activities might have been reached during the relief phase of the operation. That is why the total estimated number of people to be assisted is not a full summation of number of people targeted for the relief and recovery phase.

2 P a g e 2 A. Situation analysis Description of the disaster Nepal experienced incessant rainfall between 11 and 14 ust 2017, resulting in widespread floods across 31 of the country s 75 districts. According to the Nepal Red Cross Society assessment report of 7 ember 2017, the floods affected over 1.7 million people in 31 districts. The number of people reported dead was 149, recorded injuries were 134 people 2 and 27 people missing. In total, 352,744 families (1,763,720 people) have been affected, of which 92,216 families (461,080 people) displaced. According to the initial rapid assessment conducted by NRCS for 31 districts, some 64,997 houses were completely destroyed and 144,973 houses partially damaged 3. Livestock and agriculture lands along with the crops that were ready to harvest were also lost due to the floods. Access to the affected districts as well as communities remained the greatest challenge one month after the floods due to high level of inundation that cut off road access. Communities in districts remained submerged in flood waters for up to 15 days. The relief teams faced challenges in conducting assessments, rescue operations and relief distributions due to difficulty in accessing the affected areas during the initial period. The situation improved gradually when flood waters started to drain out of the community and families returned to their homes. Health services in public facilities also resumed. The monsoon floods impacted the lives and livelihoods of people in 31 districts: Panchthar, Jhapa, Morang, Sunsari, Saptari, Udayapur, Siraha, Dhanusha, Mahottari, Sindhuli, Sarlahi, Rautahat, Bara, Parsa, Makawanpur, Lalitpur, Bhaktapur, Chitwan, Nawalparasi, Rupandehi, Kapilvastu, Palpa, Arghakhanchi, Surkhet, Bajura, Darchula, Dailekh, Banke, Bardiya, Dang and Kailali 4. Five of the current flood affected districts were also affected by the 2015 earthquake (Sindhuli, Makawanpur, Lalitpur, Bhaktapur and Udayapur). Additionally, four of the current flood affected districts (Banke, Bardiya, Surkhet and Darchula) were affected by large scale flooding in 2014, and the impact of the current floods could exacerbate preexisting social and economic disparities. Some of the affected districts are among the lowest scoring on the Human Development Index (HDI) in the country in terms of education, health, gender equality and low social mobilization. The post floods recovery needs assessment (PFRNA) report of ember 2017 classified the flood affected districts as follows: Severely affected districts (18): Kailali, Bardiya, Banke, Dang, Nawalparasi, Chitwan, Makawanpur, Parsa, Bara, Rautahat, Sarlahi, Mahottari, Dhanusha, Siraha, Saptari, Sunsari, Morang and Jhapa. Affected districts (6): Surkhet, Kapilvastu, Rupandehi, Palpa, Sindhuli and Udayapur. Summary of the current response Overview of Host National Society. NRCS has been playing a key role in the response to the floods situation among other key humanitarian agencies. Government security personnel (Nepal army, armed police force and Nepal police) and NRCS volunteers evacuated affected families from high-risk areas to emergency shelter in the schools and public places. NRCS response teams worked with Nepal Police in conducting assessments from the onset of the flooding. District Disaster Response Teams (DDRT), Community Action for Disaster Response in Emergency (CADRE) and first aid teams were deployed. A total of 1,289 volunteers and ior/youth Red Cross members and 21 National Disaster Response Team (NDRT) members were mobilized to help with early warning, evacuations, rapid assessments, relief distributions and logistics management in the affected districts. Preparedness stocks were dispatched to the affected districts for distribution to the affected people. Initially, their access to the affected areas had been restricted due to the inundation of entire villages and blocked roads. This changed once the flood waters receded. NRCS has so far distributed non-food relief items (NFRI) full sets 5 to 13,519 families, 7,084 families with tarpaulins and blankets, and food items (RTEF: biscuits, beaten rice, instant noodles along with staple food) were distributed to 8,650 families 6. A total of 13,168 families benefitted from WASH kit support which consists of soap, bucket, oral rehydration salts (ORS) and chlorine tablets and, mosquito nets were distributed to 4,232 families. Health camps were also conducted where 20,196 people were reached with first aid, general check-up (including screening of diseases), free medicine, reproductive health (including condom distribution), ear nose throat (ENT) check-up, dermatological 2 Recorded by Nepal Red Cross Society, This is based on initial rapid assessment conducted by NRCS for 31 districts. The report is as at 7 ember Names of affected districts were different in the DREF EPoA and Appeal document. This has now been corrected in this EPoA revision. 5 Details of NFRI full set contents can be referred in operation update 2. 6 The IFRC appeal supported ready to eat food (RTEF) procurement for 4,340 families

3 P a g e 3 screenings, Psychosocial Support (PSS), nutritional screening etc. Thus, NRCS has been able to reach approximately 23,000 families (115,000 people) with various relief interventions. Out of the people reached by NRCS, the IFRC Appeal has supported 15,000 families (75,000 people). Additionally, other district chapters have been using their own preparedness stocks such as tarpaulins, blankets, NFRIs, kitchen sets, soaps, water purifying agents, ORS to assist affected families 7. NRCS also supported World Food Programme (WFP) with cash and food distribution in affected districts. This is according to a memorandum of understanding between the two organizations. Overview of Red Cross Red Crescent Movement in country IFRC has a country office in Nepal. The country office is well-resourced and has an experienced team supporting the NRCS in ongoing emergency operations. IFRC has been supporting NRCS in preparing situation reports and providing inputs to coordinate the relief operation and ensure fulfilment of immediate humanitarian needs on the ground. Likewise, IFRC participated in different meetings, including National Emergency Operation Centre (NEOC) and Humanitarian Country Team (HCT). IFRC also coordinated with the Shelter Cluster members. In response to the floods situation, the IFRC allocated Disaster Relief Emergency Fund (DREF) of CHF 497,099 on 14 ust 2017 to support NRCS in carrying out immediate relief activities. An Emergency Appeal of CHF 3.5 million was launched on 22 ust 2017 to meet humanitarian needs of 16,200 families, based on the initial rapid assessment (IRA) preliminary findings. Movement Coordination Currently, there are 14 in-country Movement partners supporting the NRCS in 2015 Nepal earthquake recovery work and some of them are also supporting the longer-term development programmes bilaterally. They include American Red Cross, Australian Red Cross, Belgian (Flanders) Red Cross, British Red Cross, Canadian Red Cross, Danish Red Cross, Japanese Red Cross Society, Korean Red Cross, Norwegian Red Cross, Qatar Red Crescent Society, Swiss Red Cross and Spanish Red Cross as well as IFRC and ICRC. NRCS has kept all partners updated on the situation, current needs and response plans through Movement Coordination Meetings, floods operation meetings and through sharing of progress reports. For the recovery phase of the operation, the American Red Cross is providing bilateral support to NRCS to respond to the needs of the flood affected population in Sarlahi District. British Red Cross is also providing bilateral support to NRCS in its recovery operation in Jhapa District. Overview of non-rcrc actors in country Following the floods, the Government immediately activated its National Emergency Operation Centre (NEOC) to coordinate relief activities in the flood affected areas. The Ministry of Home Affairs (MoHA) took the lead role in conducting rescue, evacuation, rapid assessment and relief distribution through District Disaster Relief Committee. In coordination with DDRCs, Nepal Red Cross district chapters conducted rapid assessments and distributed relief materials (WASH kits, emergency shelter items, mosquito nets, full sets of NFRI and food items). At the district level, DDRC took the lead role in coordinating the response; whereas CNDRC remained the nodal agency at the national level. NRCS is an ex-officio member of both the agencies. The Ministry of Home Affairs organized emergency meetings during the relief phase to ensure response activities were well coordinated. The Government decided to conduct one initial rapid assessment (IRA) with the involvement of NRCS, DDRC and Nepal Police using NRCS s assessment guidelines. The Prime Minister of Nepal released NPR 1,000,000,000 (Approximately. CHF 9,708,737) 8 from the Prime Minister s Relief Fund and directed all the concerned Ministries and security agencies to rescue the affected people from inundated areas of Terai Region. The security forces located at district level were mobilized and alerted people to be evacuated and assisted them to move to safer locations. The government also mobilized private and government owned helicopters to transport people at risk to safer places, injured people to hospitals and relief materials to the operations site. The government deployed 9 some 25,000 trained security forces (Nepal Police, Armed Police and Nepal Army) and civil servants to deliver 120,000kgs of food, medicine and water using helicopter services in many inundated places. 7 Please note that one family could have received the different types of relief items distributed. Thus, the numbers of people reached with emergency shelter, NFRIs WASH sets, food and mosquito nets should not be added up due to double counting

4 P a g e 4 The Department of Hydrology and Meteorology (DHM) established toll free numbers for flood early warning system and circulated SMS from time to time. The DHM also regularly updated information on their website, with flood forecast every 24 hours. The government has assigned the National Reconstruction Authority (NRA) to coordinate flood recovery activities and NRA has established a coordination unit for the flood recovery. As assigned by the government, the National Planning Commission (NPC), in coordination with MoHA, conducted a Post Flood Recovery Need Assessment (PFRNA) in the affected districts in ember/ober The PFRNA was completed and a report published on 1 ember Based on the findings of PFRNA, NRA has been developing recovery plan in the flood affected areas Clusters such as health, WASH, shelter and logistics, etc. had been activated since 13 ust IFRC, being the co-lead of the shelter cluster conducted several meetings with the partners under the chairmanship of Department of Urban Development and Building Construction (DUDBC), Government of Nepal. NRCS participated in meetings and shared NRCS response activities with CNDRC under MoHA, NEOC, NRA and HCT. NRCS is a member of the national level cash coordination group where it shares assessment reports, plans, progress, best practices and learning from experiences. Needs analysis, targeting, scenario planning and risk assessment Needs analysis Overview The planning for relief activities is mainly based on the needs identified by Initial Rapid Assessment whereas priorities for recovery is defined based on findings from pre-assessment visits conducted by NRCS and IFRC as well as post flood recovery needs assessment (PFRNA). An initial rapid assessment (IRA) was conducted in coordination with the NRCS, DDRC and Nepal Police in all the affected districts to identify immediate humanitarian needs of people displaced by the floods. Based on the IRA findings, immediate relief interventions were carried out in affected areas through rendering relief services to approximately 23,000 families (115,000 people) as follows: Emergency shelter Non-food relief items Food Basic health services (first aid, emergency health services, disease prevention and health promotion) Safe drinking water, sanitation and hygiene promotion (WASH) With support from IFRC Appeal, 15,000 families were reached in total. Pre-assessment visits in seven districts 10 were conducted on 5 to17 ember 2017 by the NRCS head of floods operation and IFRC operations manager as well as two representatives from the Department for International Development (DfID), who accompanied them in Sunsari, Saptari and Bardiya districts. The selection criteria of these seven districts was based on the floods severity in 2017 as well as frequency of flooding in the past. A post flood recovery needs assessment (PFRNA) 11, led by National Planning Commission (NPC), in coordination with MoHA, was completed and the report was published in ember The objective of the assessment was to estimate the impact of the 2017 floods that affected the Terai Region and to identify medium-term recovery needs. The assessment covered 18 most affected districts. It analysed recovery needs related to nine most affected sectors that are broadly placed under three categories: Social Sector: i) Housing; ii) Health; and iii) Education Productive Sector: i) Agriculture; ii) Livestock; and iii) Irrigation Infrastructure Sector: i) Transport; ii) Water and Sanitation; and iii) Energy Needs Health According to the PFRNA, a total of 99 health facilities were damaged of which 5 were fully destroyed and 94 partially damaged in Banke, Dhanusha, Jhapa, Mahottari, Morang, Parsa, Rautahat, Saptari and Sarlahi districts. The damage included losses of essential drugs, equipment and non-consumables. Total monetary value of damages incurred by the health sector to the floods was estimated at NPR 620 million (USD 6 million). 10 Sunsari, Saptari, Udayapur, Siraha, Mahottari, Rautahat and Bardiya 11

5 P a g e 5 According to a recent UN report, there are districts which require supplementary food for management of moderate acute malnutrition (MAM) in children and nutrition supplementation for pregnant and lactating women. This has further been exacerbated by the post flood situation. There is already a major shortfall of therapeutic food to treat 15,000 cases of severe acute malnutrition (SAM). To verify this, the Ministry of Health (MoH) will conduct a post flood surveillance to understand medical and nutrition needs of all flood affected districts to gather evidence for enhanced support. The MoH will liaise with relevant partners for support in this arena. The recovery activities proposed by PFRNA in this sector include: planning for reconstruction; replenishment of stocks; training and quality control; reconstruction of facilities; repair of facilities and; long term needs (Resilience). The PFRNA report highlighted that floods are a regular occurrence in the Terai Region and water and vector borne diseases are expected to be frequent. Additional capacity to deal with these diseases is required. Provision of public awareness campaigns on diseases outbreak recommending early detection and care of key symptoms; and public health education and hygiene awareness campaigns aimed at adopting behaviors that promote healthy and sanitary environments are necessary. Further, availability of provisions to mitigate water and vector borne diseases are crucial following any disaster. Likewise, promotional activities for behavior change are equally important to carry out in affected areas, parallel with the recovery activities. In this current situation, many people are living in temporary shelters and with the current winter situation in the affected areas, there are possibilities that families who are living in temporary shelter may suffer from common cold, fever, flu and other cold related consequences. Water, sanitation and hygiene PFRNA: Floods inundated and contaminated water sources creating a need for clean drinking water. There are insufficient sanitation facilities for the displaced population which leads to a risk of increased cases of water borne and water related diseases. According to the Ministry of Water Supply and Sanitation s WASH Development Plan ( ), only per cent households have access to basic sanitation. This is due to difficulty in constructing latrines because of high-water table, which requires additional flood resistant structure. Nepal has witnessed social momentum and transformation in the improvement of sanitation, with several villages, municipalities and districts being declared open defecation free (ODF). However, out of the 75 districts, only 27 have been declared ODF (of which Bardiya is one of them). According to the report, flood waters damaged 449 water supply schemes, 142 shallow tube wells, 120 sanitation facilities and 26 buildings. Based on the needs, the PFRNA proposes the following recovery activities: Short-term recovery activities Rehabilitation of water systems. Rebuilding of toilets and hand-washing facilities in households, communities and institutions; Resumption of Open Defecation Free campaign in the affected districts. Medium-term recovery activities: Rehabilitation and reconstruction of water supply schemes that would include gravity fed system, deep well and tube wells; Rehabilitation and reconstruction of sanitation facilities; Provision of hygiene items and promotion of hygiene behaviours; Exploration and promotion of alternative mechanisms and technologies as part of resilience building on water supply at community and district level; Continuation of rehabilitating and constructing of new rural and urban water systems. Pre-assessment findings: One of the main needs in the flood affected areas is water. The biggest problem was that people could not get water from the well during the floods period. Some of the wells are broken and it is difficult for community members to repair without support. The communities also lack latrines as they were damaged or destroyed by the floods. Livelihoods and basic needs PFRNA: Agriculture in Nepal is dependent upon weather, as in most developing countries. During e/ 2017, the country faced prolonged drought in the Terai Region which affected regular transplanting of paddy rice in major production areas. Following the drought, the country faced severe floods and water logging in ust which affected agricultural production and livelihoods of thousands of people in the severely affected locations. The agricultural losses are estimated at USD 69.5 million. Most of the farmers in the region are smallholders, who live on subsistence farming. Rice is the principal crop of the region. Once an exporter of rice, Nepal has a food deficit now. In recent times, there is an increasing trend towards growing cash crops such as sugarcane, oilseeds, tobacco and potatoes. Nevertheless, rice continues to be the most important crop of the region, and its production contributes directly to the income and consumption of farmers.

6 P a g e 6 Pre-assessment findings: majority of the most affected people work on agricultural land as tenant farmers. However, the floods brought massive amount of the sand from the mountains and this sand covered the agricultural lands up to heights of almost one meter in some areas and, it is very difficult to remove this sand and return to agricultural work. In addition, most of the agricultural land does not have sufficient water to grow cash crops, hence their production is relatively low. Households lost livestock and do not have enough income to replace them. A total of 961 government managed irrigation schemes and river training infrastructures in Terai Region were affected to various degree by the floods. Thus, many farmers have been deprived of irrigation services. Reconstruction and rehabilitation of damaged infrastructures are the only means for recovery of the livelihoods of the flood affected people. For reconstruction and rehabilitation activities, the people need financial as well as technical support because most of their valuable assets have already been destroyed or damaged. After the completion of recovery work, the flood affected communities will be able to irrigate their lands and settlements and agricultural land will be protected from future floods and landslides. The following are the activities proposed by PFRNA in the agriculture sector: Supply of agricultural inputs and fishery inputs in the short term; Replacement of agricultural inputs/tools (including hermetic bags, cocoon bags, seed bins for storage purpose and pump sets for irrigation purpose). Considered as short-term needs; Construction or/and rehabilitation of damaged infrastructures (irrigation systems) and land clearing to remove sand brought by the flood Implementation of productive activities aiming to restore livelihoods such as market sheds, small gardening projects etc. Shelter According to the PFRNA, the 2017 floods fully destroyed 41,626 houses whereas 150,510 houses were partially damaged in 18 districts assessed 12. A large percentage of houses in Nepal, particularly in rural areas, are constructed with mud bonded foundation, followed by wooden pillar foundation. The roof material used in these houses range from tiles or straw/thatch to galvanized/corrugated iron sheets. Concrete roofing is also becoming popular, with almost one fourth of all the houses having concrete roofs. Floods affect mud or brick houses with mud mortar much more than Reinforced Cement Concrete (RCC) houses. However, the damage to the houses would depend upon the level and duration of inundation. While MoHA has conducted a preliminary survey of partially and completely damaged houses, the criteria underlying the classification of damages should be made clearer. A detailed technical survey may be commissioned to determine the level of damage and accordingly categorize the houses. Engineers need to be trained to conduct such a technical survey, with clear instructions about determining the level of damage. According to PFRNA, a detailed survey of all damaged houses is more essential. The PFRNA indicated the need of repair and retrofitting of partially damaged houses and reconstruction of fully damaged houses through an owner-driven process. If the people reconstruct their houses, they will invest their own resources as well. The assistance may not be provided on replacement basis; rather, the Government should decide upon a level of assistance which helps people mobilize their resources for reconstruction. Findings from the pre-assessment visit indicate that there were few tarpaulins or make-shift houses. The flood affected people had reconstructed their houses with mud or bricks walls and straw / thatch or galvanized iron roof sheets. The community members said they tried to construct these houses before the ember and ober long cerebration, which seems to be the local coping strategy in these areas where they experience frequent floods. Many of the houses are located in hazardous areas or no-build zone since people cannot find safe land neither have they enough money to pay the lease fee for available safe land. Some of the people stay in safe area, but the size of land is too small for them to rebuild according to the government-recommended houses which require a bigger piece of land. Targeting The vulnerabilities and capacities of the affected population change frequently and are complex. For the recovery phase of the operation, priority will be on the most vulnerable people especially when taking coping mechanisms and socioeconomic status into account. The beneficiary selection criteria used by NRCS remains the same which includes: Families fully displaced due to completely collapsed houses Family who have lost family members 12 The data is based on findings from 18 most affected districts that PFRNA conducted detailed assessments.

7 P a g e 7 Families with ill and injured members Pregnant/lactating women, children, elderly and people with disabilities Women headed families Single women People in need of urgent support and living in most remote areas The bereaved A total of 7,000 families (approx. 35,000 people) from seven districts (Bardiya, Rautahat, Mahottari, Siraha, Saptari, Sunsari and Udayapur) are targeted through the recovery activities. Scenario planning The monsoon period in Nepal is usually from e to ember. This means that needs may arise in depending on the severity of floods. To mitigate this, IFRC will include some funds for possible response. In addition, this emergency plan of action (EPoA) will support NRCS in prepositioning of relief items which can be used to respond to the needs of the affected population Operation Risk Assessment The situation in most of the affected areas has normalized and families have started to return to their usual activities. The security situation of the country has significantly improved after the elections. Discussion about establishing provincial headquarters continue and disputes have started in provinces 1, 2, 5 and 7 due to demand from people living in different districts to establish the headquarter in their districts. Likewise, institutional set up in municipalities is ongoing since local election was completed in ember Adequate human resources are yet to be filled in municipalities and currently, municipal authorities are more focused on planning for development activities instead of post disaster recovery. More effort is needed to ensure better participation and collaboration of municipal authorities in recovery work. Winter has already started in Nepal and most of the displaced families are still living in temporary shelters that are made either from tarpaulin or locally available wood, thatches. To respond to the needs of people affected by the cold weather, NRCS had prepared a response plan which they activated. With support from in country PNS, NRCS distributed winter items such as blankets to respond to the needs of the community. Winter response was also conducted in flood affected areas. NRCS distributed its remaining stock of blankets to the affected population. These blankets will be replenished through the IFRC Appeal. The Government of Nepal has assigned National Reconstruction Authority to coordinate flood recovery activities in the affected areas. The government is considering planning for a three-year recovery programme. However, clear scope of the recovery is still not confirmed This may cause some challenges to make synergy with the government s plan if it comes late. B. Operational strategy Overall Operational objective: The operation aims to address the relief and recovery needs of a total estimated number of 80,282 people. The relief phase needs of 15,000 families (75,000 people) in 31 districts and recovery phase needs of 7,000 families (35,000 people) 13 in seven districts are to be addressed through the provision of shelter items, NFRI, WASH item support and promotion, health service and assistance, immediate food support, livelihood assistance and disaster risk reduction (DRR) over 16 months, until ember effective from ust Strategies for implementation The initial objective of the operation was to meet the immediate humanitarian and early recovery needs of a total of 16,200 families (81,000 people) 14 displaced by floods and landslides in 31 districts of Nepal. However, during the ongoing response operation, the Nepal Government directed support for destroyed/fully damaged houses and halted support for partially damaged houses. Due to this, some of the emergency shelter items (ropes and buckets) and shelter repair kits for 1,200 families could not be distributed as support for families whose houses were partially damaged. This EPoA therefore revises the targeted population for the relief phase from 16,200 families to 15,000 families (75,000 people) in 31 districts. The planned support for 1,200 families has been removed from the plan. In addition, the revised 13 Some of the people to be reached with recovery activities might have been reached during the relief phase of the operation. That is why the total estimated number of people to be assisted is not a full summation of number of people targeted for the relief and recovery phase. 14 Direct beneficiaries.

8 P a g e 8 intervention also aims to target 7,000 families (approx. 35,000 people) from seven districts (Bardiya, Rautahat, Mahottari, Siraha, Saptari, Sunsari and Udayapur) through recovery activities. This operation faced challenges related to the election period in Nepal, where election campaigns were conducted at district and central government level from late ober to early ember The Government of Nepal did not allow relief, recovery and assessment activities to continue due to security concerns. This slowed down implementation progress especially the recovery activities. Therefore, this revised EPoA proposes the extension of the operation timeframe from 12 months (until 12 ust ) to 16 months (until 31 ember ). The overall Appeal budget has been revised from CHF 3,531,719 to CHF 2,962,956. The budget lines have also been revised in line with the amendment of activities and with the funds available. This is detailed under the proposed strategy and detailed operational plan sections. The relief phase of this operation has been completed. However, some relief items remained in stock and will be distributed during the recovery phase as per the needs on the ground. The remaining blanket distribution was resumed during this winter period and, health and WASH related items are planned to be distributed as samples during promotion and prevention activities to be conducted in the recovery phase. The recovery activities are defined in accordance with the needs identified by PFRNA (conducted by the National Planning Commission) and pre-assessment (conducted by the NRCS head of floods operation and IFRC operations manager) and will focus for WASH, health, livelihood, shelter as core priorities and DRR, capacity building, CEA, GESI as cross-cutting to the core sector in an integrated approach. The following table summarizes the achievements and number of people reached in relief phase as of 30 ember Table1: Number of people reached in relief phase as of 30 ember Sector Interventions Status Target # of people (MDRNP009) People reached (MDRNP009) Health WASH Livelihoods and basic needs General health camps to provide services Mosquito distribution nets Distribution of 960,000 chlorine tablets and 16,000 buckets Distribution of 100,000 bars of soap and 20,000 ORS Procurement and distribution of ready to eat food (RTEF) Total people reached by IFRC & NRCS support Completed N/A 20,196 people 20,196 people To continue 8,000 families 4,232 families 4,232 families during recovery (40,000 (21,160 (21,160 people) phase people) people) 16 Completed. Remaining items to be used for 8,000 families 8,000 families 13,168 families demonstrations (40,000 (40,000 people) (65,840 people) during recovery people) phase of the operation. Completed 4,340 families 4,340 families 8,650 families Shelter Distribution of 8,000 NFRIs Distribution emergency shelter of Completed Completed 8,000 families (40,000 people) 7,000 families (35,000 people) 8,000 families (40,000 people) 7,000 families (35,000 people) 13,519 families (67,595 people) 7,084 families (35,420 people) 15 IFRC Appeal will not fully cover the relief distributions conducted by NRCS as indicated in Table Mosquito nets were distributed during relief phase according to the actual need of beneficiaries. NRCS is planning to distribute remaining while conducting recovery activities

9 P a g e 9 Table 2: Number of people targeted in recovery phase Key interventions/sectors No. of families/people 17 Health Assistance 35,000 people WASH promotion 35,000 people Livelihood 6,300 people Shelter 5,282 people DRR 35,000 people Health NRCS mobilized its volunteers and trained them in first aid and psycho-social support (PSS) immediately after the floods. The trained volunteers 18 worked together with medical/health professionals from district health offices during relief phase to conduct health camps where 20,196 people were reached with first aid, general check-up (including screening of diseases), free medicine, reproductive health (including condom distribution), ear nose throat (ENT) check-up, dermatological screenings, PSS, nutritional screening etc. In addition, first aid was administered by trained NRCS volunteers to 134 people injured during the floods in affected districts NRCS mobilized trained volunteers in some districts for community-based disease prevention and health promotion through home visits and dissemination of IEC materials. On epidemic prevention, 4,232 out of the targeted 14,000 mosquito nets were distributed in Jhapa, Dang, Siraha, Parsa and Kailali districts. The mosquito nets were distributed according to the actual need of beneficiaries. The remaining mosquito nets (9,768) will be used for demonstrations during prevention sessions as well as be distributed in dengue-prone areas during the hot season ( to e) based upon the need. For the recovery phase of the operation, NRCS will target 35,000 people with health prevention and promotion activities in the community. NRCS epidemic control for volunteers (ECV) expert at headquarters level will be deployed to the seven target districts to provide a one-day orientation on ECV tools to NRCS staff and 48 volunteers (per district) as well as government female community health volunteers (FCHV). The trained volunteers will conduct epidemic awareness activities through home visits, community gatherings and school visits. The volunteers will also report any diseases detected to respective referral systems/health centers. In addition, IEC materials will be distributed alongside awareness sessions. Mosquito nets distribution, coupled with awareness to enhance knowledge on mosquito borne diseases, including daytime-biting mosquitos which transmit dengue, will continue during the recovery phase of the operation. NRCS volunteers will provide health promotion information to pregnant and lactating women. Potentially these people are at a high risk of contracting diseases than other populations. Promotion activities will be conducted through focus group discussions (FGDs) and the key topics would include nutrition, hygiene behaviour, vaccination, antenatal care (ANC) check-up, breast feeding, child health, etc. NRCS district chapters together with local authorities will select one school and organize health competition for art, debate, essay or story writing which are based upon health issues such as nutrition, water borne disease prevention or vector borne disease prevention. Different schools with ior/youth Red Cross will also participate in this event in order to inspire their activities at school. The best contestant will get a prize. Support will be provided to local health facilities that were affected by the floods and provision of services is still a challenge. The facilities will be provided with medical supplies and equipment. Support will be based on assessments that will be conducted by the NRCS health teams in coordination with Nepal s public health office (PHO). Collaboration with district health authorities and local health centers will be ensured for proper coordination. There exists a health committee in each rural municipality, thus a Public Health Office (PHO) is available and coordination is key with these local authorities. Water, sanitation and hygiene For the relief phase of the floods operation, and with IFRC support, NRCS mobilized volunteers and staff for distribution of WASH items (bucket, soap, ORS and aquatabs) to 13,168 affected families. During the recovery phase, NRCS will rehabilitate/construct 35 elevated tube wells in the seven targeted districts. The elevated tube wells will meet the needs of 1,750 people (1 tube well will cater for the needs of approximately 50 people). 17 Note: It is likely that some families will receive assistance from multiple sectors. However, as its on need based intervention, detailed sectoral assessment will be carried out to identify beneficiaries. Hence the overlap of beneficiary numbers under various sectors is unknown at this stage. 18 The volunteers provided general support to trained medical professionals in the health camps.

10 P a g e 10 A local contractor will be recruited through bidding process to undertake the tube well construction. Water user committees will be established or re-established and trained in maintenance and management of the tube wells. Hand pump repair kits will be procured for water user committees to regularly maintain the tube wells NRCS will support construction of 700 household toilets. Cash modality will be used where targeted families will be provided with a cash grant to purchase materials for toilet construction. NRCS will provide a list of necessary materials to be purchased including their specification. NRCS engineers will support with technical and quality check of the materials before people purchase them. For construction, each of the toilets will need one unskilled and two skilled workers. The community will be responsible for selecting the workers and providing the list to NRCS. NRCS engineers will then interview all skilled workers to determine their capability to construct the toilets. Once selected, NRCS engineers will provide toilet drawings and list of required construction materials. The skilled workers will be oriented on key points of toilet construction (material quality, stability of structure, etc). NRCS will be incharge of paying the skilled workers. A contract will be drafted between the skilled worker and NRCS. The contract will contain information on modality of payment, duration of the construction work, among other relevant information. For their protection, skilled workers will be provided with helmets during the construction. Families benefitting from toilet construction will be provided with toilet cleaning kits bucket, mug, brush and phenoland shown how to use them. Safe shelter awareness sessions will also be conducted for the people supported with toilet construction. These sessions will help the families be more knowledgeable about quality of construction materials and learn about key monitoring points for toilet construction. Because the toilet beneficiaries have their own houses, safe shelter awareness sessions will also be conducted to disseminate information on the importance of safe house design and structure. The population will also be encouraged to repair or reinforce the structures of their existing houses. Since toilet construction will need support from unskilled workers, NRCS will encourage community members to support the skilled workers at a fee (cash for work). Trained NRCS staff and social mobilizers will conduct hygiene promotion activities using key elements of participatory hygiene and sanitary transformation (PHAST) approach in the community and child hygiene and sanitation transformation (CHAST) approach in schools. This will help communities improve hygiene behaviours, reduce diarrhoeal disease and encourage effective community management of water and sanitation services. Trained NRCS volunteers will also conduct hygiene promotion activities in the community which will include handwashing (know-how, critical times, why to wash hands), preparation of oral rehydration solution and safe storage of drinking water. In addition, aqua tablets, buckets and soap remaining from response phase will be distributed for demonstration purpose during hygiene promotion sessions. NRCS will promote participation of women as well as local community people while conducting hygiene promotion activities which will support communities to establish community based approaches for the sustainability and continuation of promotional activities. NRCS will promote participation of community members in programme activities through organizing rotational meetings (aalo palo meeting) among all targeted families to review the progress, discuss on the issues, explore the solution and prepare plans for coming months. The entire target community (35,000 people) will be reached with hygiene promotion activities. These activities will be conducted in coordination with the village WASH coordination committee (VWASH-CC). Since it will be getting warmer soon during the daytime, mosquito-borne disease is highly expected. It is necessary to clean swamps, bushes and other potential mosquito breeding sites. This will be done in schools and the community with the participation of community members, where promotion and prevention activities will be done in coordination with the local government department and local health posts. In coordination with the health team, the remaining mosquito nets will be distributed. NRCS district chapters that have capacities in testing water quality parameters to meet minimum standards for emergency will deploy its volunteers for household water quality monitoring. This will be carried out in close coordination with District Drinking Water and Sanitation (DDWS) office. Water testing kits will be purchased and provided to the NRCS district chapters. Livelihoods and basic needsduring the relief phase of the operation, NRCS mobilized its staff and volunteers at district chapter and sub-chapter levels to identify beneficiaries and distribute food items to meet their immediate needs during the relief phase. NRCS coordinated with DDRC, district level organizations and WFP to collect ready-to eat-food (RTEF) and distribute to the affected families. In addition, NRCS utilized IFRC appeal funds to procure and distribute RTEF to families 19. NRCS has an agreement (MoU) with WFP for distribution of staple food (rice, lintel, salt, sugar) and cash in case of disaster during the relief phase, NRCS also coordinated with WFP to distribute food and cash to the target population. 19 At the moment, data on people reached with RTEF under the IFRC Appeal is not available. NRCS is in the process of reconciling this data as many partners contributed to this

11 P a g e 11 The recovery plan for livelihoods has been derived on the basis of findings from pre-assessment visits and PFRNA. As identified by the PFRNA report, recovery activities related to livelihoods will focus on restoring and strengthening livelihoods through replenishment of livelihood assets such as livestock and capacity development.. To achieve this, NRCS plans to conduct agricultural and livestock management trainings targeting population selected by community representatives and distribute cash. 180 families will be selected based on a written proposal describing their project and the budget required, with a clear plan on how they will utilize the cash. Cash grants of NPR 15,000 will be distributed by NRCS in two instalments through the bank or a cash remittance company. The first cash instalment will be provided after approval of proposal and the second instalment will be distributed after verification of start of the livelihood and compliance with the initial the proposal. NRCS district chapters will coordinate with the district agriculture office and mobilize their technical staff to conduct training and provide technical support to the beneficiaries. NRCS district chapters will maintain coordination and collaboration with DDRC, district agriculture office, municipalities and local agencies to implement livelihood activities. NRCS district chapter staff will be mobilized in the project areas to support communities to increase engagement of beneficiaries and other community people for planning, implementation, monitoring and quality assurance. Shelter During the response phase, the shelter sector mainly focused on distributing emergency shelter assistance (one tarpaulin, one rope, one bucket with lid and two blankets per family) to 7,000 displaced families 20 living in open space, public buildings/schools and camps. However, due to Nepal Government s directive of providing relief support to people with only fully damaged houses during the response phase, NRCS stopped the support for families with partially damaged houses who were to receive emergency shelter assistance. Thus, NRCS distributed 7,084 tarpaulins and 8,738 blankets to 7,084 families 21 whose houses were fully damaged/destroyed (buckets and ropes were not distributed). In addition, 13,519 families whose houses were fully damaged were also provided with NFRI full sets so as to meet their immediate needs 22. Distribution was also conducted in ember 2017 and January where people were provided with the remaining blankets (5,262) to protect them from the cold weather. The planned shelter repair assistance through distribution of shelter tool kits to 1,200 families whose houses were partially damaged was cancelled due to Nepal Government s directive of prioritizing support for families whose houses had been fully damaged/destroyed. Thus, shelter repair assistance could not be implemented by NRCS during this response phase. Furthermore, planned support of progressive shelter has also been cancelled in this revised EPoA. The Government of Nepal (GoN) recognizes the needs of shelter, however the design, specification of materials, modality of the reconstruction of houses are still under discussion now and NRCS needs to wait for the announcement from GoN. Thus, it is highly unlikely to meet the appeal time frame for the construction of progressive shelter. Due to this, NRCS has changed its strategy and will now support construction of community evacuation centres as part of disaster preparedness. Please refer to Disaster preparedness and risk reduction section for details on this. Even though NRCS will not support hardware components for shelter, safe shelter awareness will be conducted in the community with the aim to reach 5,280 community members. A total of 32 NRCS social mobilizers, volunteers and NRCS engineers will be selected to participate in a five-day safe shelter awareness training of trainers. The trained staff and volunteers will then conduct awareness sessions on safe shelter construction in the community. It is expected that the trained staff and volunteers will reach 150 people directly per district (total for 7 districts is 1,050 people). In addition, the people reached directly are expected to share information on safe shelter with their families. Thus, 4,200 people will be reached indirectly. Information education and communication (IEC) materials on safe shelter construction will be disseminated during awareness sessions Disaster preparedness and risk reduction It is not the first time that the targeted districts are affected by floods. Thus, it is important to promote preparedness and risk reduction in these communities. NRCS will provide search and rescue training to selected community members. The training is designed for 4 days and one session will target 24 participants. After the training, the participants will be divided into 6 response teams (each team will have four members). Three-day first aid trainings will also be conducted for 24 people. Upon the completion of the training, six first-aid teams of four people each will be formed. 20 These families houses were fully damaged/destroyed or partially damaged. NRCS had initially targeted both categories of these families. 21 To avoid double counting, highest number of families reached with emergency shelter (tarpaulins and blankets) has been selected. Tarpaulins were distributed to 7,084 families and blankets to 4,369 families 22 Through the IFRC Appeal, 8,000 NFRI full sets will be replenished.

12 P a g e 12 NRCS will conduct a Disaster District Response Team (DDRT) refresher training. Most of the targeted district chapters have DDRT-trained staff. The aim of the refresher training is to prepare the teams for the next monsoon season this year. The participants will include 24 people who have participated in DDRT training before. A trainer from NRCS headquarters will provide a six-days course which will include theory and practical exercises. Once floods occur, one of the immediate needs is to evacuate people to safer areas. However, during pre-assessment visits, many make-shift houses were seen on road sides or embankments which indicated lack of the proper place to evacuate affected people. Therefore, NRCS will support in construction of three community evacuation centers which can be used to accommodate 50 families per center during similar disasters. These centers will also be used for community gatherings or as a temporary storage area for relief items during emergencies. NRCS has already identified secure locations in Sunsari, Udayapur and Siraha districts where one center will be constructed in each district. Construction will be conducted by contractors who will be selected through a bidding process by NRCS logistics. An engineer will be hired to ensure quality construction. Community Engagement and Accountability (CEA) The floods and landslides have a direct impact on livelihood and degrading resilience of families who are fully displaced and still unable to build their houses. Communities are facing challenges to sustain their living conditions. NRCS has taken CEA as one of the most essential priorities to maximize the benefits of the recovery activities for the beneficiaries and for operational success. NRCS will continue to engage with community members through assessments, planning, project orientation, monitoring for identifying their needs, and implementing targeted activities with their participation in WASH, health, livelihood, shelter and DRR sectors. District level project staff and social mobilizers will continuously visit beneficiaries and communities and coordinate with them during the implementation period. NRCS will promote community based approach by forming or re-forming community self-help committee/groups (such as water user committees) for effective management of WASH, health, shelter and livelihood related activities for their sustainability. The National Society will use appropriate communication to disseminate key actionable and reliable information and strengthen participation through community engagement. National Society will apply context-specific means such as radio, community meetings, text messages, telephone, suggestion box and face-to-face discussions to further promote effective feedback mechanism. NRCS Hotline number 1130 will be widely advertised to communities for feedback, suggestions and questions on the support activities of the Red Cross. Radio programmes will be produced to share information regarding health and hygiene promotion, safe shelter messages, hazards and other Red Cross activities. Protection, Gender, Inclusion Issues Protection, gender and inclusion related issues will be considered while conducting assessments and baseline, through gathering sex and age disaggregated data, analysis of who is being reached and who is missing out, and constant reporting on protection issues for children, risks of gender-based violence and sector-specific safety concerns to the Head of Operations by all team members and volunteers. In addition, activities related with the promotion of gender and inclusion will be integrated into most of the activities planned under health, WASH, shelter and livelihood. The NRCS operation team at district and headquarters level will continuously monitor the situation and issues related to protection, gender and inclusion during the implementation will be handled appropriately. Awareness-raising sessions on genderbased violence (GBV), its prevention and response (through adherence to the Minimum Standard Commitments to Gender and Diversity in Emergency Programming) will be conducted in project districts. All volunteers and staff will receive a pocket card with the Nepal Red Cross Hotline number and updated community-based GBV assistance information, as well as orientation on child protection reporting lines and practices. Education Health, hygiene, sanitation facilities are not adequate in most of schools in remote areas. Promotion of health, hygiene and sanitation behaviour of school students will benefit both the students and their family members. Awareness raising activities as well as sanitation and hygiene promotion activities targeting for school will be integrated into WASH and health related interventions in this recovery phase. Based on needs, selected schools will be provided with education materials such as books, stationery, furniture etc. Likewise, small-scale sanitation activities such as maintenance of existing water points, hand washing platform, solid waste disposal (drums, incinerators, sanitary pad disposal chambers etc.) will be supported as per the needs of the school. Operational support services Human resources NRCS has assigned a floods operation team leader, PMER officer and one programme officer to manage this operation by coordinating with NRCS sectors that include health, WASH, livelihoods, shelter, CEA, gender equality and social inclusion (GESI), logistics and finance among other units. Additional staff are in the process of being recruited at NRCS District Chapter level for recovery phase.

13 P a g e 13 IFRC recruited a senior programme officer for the floods operation to support the IFRC and NRCS team. The officer has been working closely with the IFRC operations manager. IFRC Country Office staff have been assisting the floods operation in various capacities including PMER, WASH, logistics, administration, finance, human resources and information technology. Table 3: NRCS/IFRC working structure for operation NRCS Level Headquarters: 1. Executive Director 2. Director Disaster Management Department 3. Head of Flood Recovery Operation 4. Programme Officer (Shelter, DRR, CEA) 5. PMER Officer 6. Finance Officer 7. Programme Officer (Livelihood) 8. Administration and Logistic Officer 9. Programme Officer (WASH) 10. Programme Officer (Health) 11. Programme Coordinator (GESI) IFRC Nepal Country Office 1. Head of Country Office 2. Operations Manager 3. Senior Programme Officer 4. Finance focal person 5. Logistics focal person 6. PMER focal person NRCS District Team: 1. District Programme Officer (7 Districts) 7 people 2. Engineer for community evacuation centre in Sunsari, Udayapur and Siraha, based in Udayapur 1 Person full time 3. Administration and Finance Associate (7 districts) - 7 people 4. Sub-Engineer/Supervisor (7 Districts) full time 5. Social Mobilizers (7 districts) NRCS Volunteers As per needs Logistics and supply chain Logistics activities aim to effectively manage the supply chain, including procurement, clearance, storage and forwarding to distributions sites in accordance to IFRC logistics standards, processes and procedures also effectively supporting the fleet to facilitate the movement of operational staff and supplies. The NRCS has been in charge of local procurement through their central procurement system to support the operation. As of reporting period they have completed the procurement of 7,000 emergency shelter items (tarpaulins, blankets and buckets) and these items have been delivered. The local procurement of WASH items and NFRI is partially completed. For pending WASH and NFRI items suppliers have been identified and tendering process are ongoing to completed purchases. IFRC Country Office (CO) has been supporting this operation by assigning VRP vehicle under the floods operation programme to facilitate the movement of staff and volunteers. Additionally, CO logistics team has been providing technical logistics support to NRCS within procurement, fleet and general logistics as per required. IFRC AP Operational Logistics, Procurement and Supply Chain Management (OLPSCM) department in Kuala Lumpur has been extending its technical logistics support to NS and IFRC CO as per needed. Information technology (IT) IT support is provided by IFRC IT upon request. Communications NRCS Humanitarian Value and Communication Department is the focal department for communication and media relations. Information on the floods operation will be regularly updated via the NRCS and IFRC social media channels, including Facebook and Twitter. Information will also be provided to communities through the NRCS radio programme using local languages. The radio programme will be broadcasting every other day from 7 local stations which use local language. The programme sends the message for one minute per one session and two sessions are planned at the prime time.

14 P a g e 14 Security An IFRC senior security officer is in place and the general safety and security situation in country is constantly monitored. The senior security officer disseminates security advisories, including any necessary temporary restrictions when appropriate. Safety and security alerts are also sent via SMS messages. All new and visiting international personnel are provided with a security welcome pack and must attend a security briefing within 24 hours of arrival in-country. Field movement monitoring is in place, with field travel monitored closely through radio contact and phone communications. The security team has local networks in the areas of operation and is ready to put in place security contingency plans if necessary. Since NRCS works closely with communities and all security forces in affected areas, there are many opportunities to ensure security at ground and minimize potential risks. Overall, IFRC has a standard security framework, which will apply for IFRC-deployed personnel. Planning, monitoring, evaluation and reporting NRCS will oversee all operational, implementation, monitoring and evaluation, and reporting (PMER) aspects of the present operation in the flood and landslide affected districts through its country-wide network of branches, volunteers and staff. The responsibility for day-to-day monitoring of the operation will be with NRCS district chapters supervised closely by national headquarters to ensure appropriate accountability, transparency and financial management of the operation. NRCS PMER Officer at headquarters has been involved in planning and reporting of the operation. Based on this EPoA, a monitoring and evaluation plan will be developed. IFRC, through its country office in Kathmandu and the Asia Pacific regional office, will provide technical support to NRCS. The affected districts will be regularly visited by joint IFRC and NRCS monitoring teams. This will help identify and, where possible and necessary, resolve any problems. A review will be jointly organized between NRCS, IFRC and in-country partners towards the end of the operation to capture lessons learned from preparedness, response and recovery work ahead of the monsoon season. This is a means of further developing NRCS, IFRC and PNS capacities. A post-distribution monitoring (PDM) was conducted in ember to provide beneficiary feedback on relief distribution. A baseline survey will be conducted in February and, an end evaluation of the overall operation, coupled with a lesson learned workshop, will be carried out after implementation has been completed. Administration and Finance The operation will rely on existing financial management and administration systems in NRCS and IFRC. NRCS is one of only two National Societies in Asia Pacific on the IFRC cash transfer system. As such, all financial management is conducted in accordance with the procedure for cash transfer to National Societies. The IFRC country office also has a finance manager, who works closely with the NRCS finance department to ensure quality and on-time financial reporting of IFRC supported programmes and activities. The finance manager is also responsible for introducing policies, guidelines and regulations into the financial management at the IFRC country office.

15 P a g e 15 C. Detailed Operational Plan Shelter People targeted: 80,282 people Relief phase 75,000 people (15,000 families) and recovery phase 5,282 people Male: Relief phase 37,500 people and recovery phase 2,641 people Total Male: 40,141 people Female: Relief phase 37,500 people and recovery phase 2,641 people Total Female: 40,141 people Requirements (CHF): 711,720 Needs analysis: The 2017 floods destroyed 41,626 houses fully whereas 150,510 houses were partially damaged in 18 most affected districts 23. The PFRNA indicated the need or repair and retrofitting of partially damaged houses and reconstruction of fully damaged houses through an owner-driven process. Population to be assisted: For the recovery phase of the operation, 32 people will participate in training of trainers (ToT) of safe shelter awareness training. It is expected that the trained persons will reach 150 people per district (total in 7 districts is 1,050 people). in addition, 4,200 people will be reached indirectly. Shelter Outcome 1: Communities in disaster and crisis affected areas restore and strengthen their safety, well-being and longer-term recovery through shelter and settlement solutions Shelter 1.1: Short, medium and long-term shelter and settlement assistance is provided to affected households % of target families who have increased knowledge about safe shelter construction # of families provided with Essential Household Items that meet agreed standards for the specific operational context Target: 15,000 families (75,000 people) AP005 AP005 AP005 Identify and list beneficiaries, identify distribution points and collect information on distributed items. Distribute early emergency shelter and NFRI (tarpaulins, ropes, blankets and buckets) to 7,000 displaced families Distribute 8,000 NFRIs full sets to identified most vulnerable beneficiaries 2017 Feb completed completed completed 23 When the IRA was conducted by NRCS, it was reported that 62,077 houses were fully destroyed and 102,224 houses were partially damaged. The PFRNA report presents updated after detailed assessments were conducted.

16 P a g e 16 AP005 AP005 Mobilize 500 volunteers for relief distribution Replenish emergency shelter and full NFRI sets (7,000 and 8,000 respectively following NRCS procurement procedures and standards) completed Shelter 1.2: Technical support, guidance and awareness raising in safe shelter design and settlement planning and improved building techniques are provided to affected households # people reached with safe shelter awareness sessions in the community. Target: 5,250 people AP006 Conduct safe shelter awareness training for ToT 2017 Feb AP006 Conduct safe shelter awareness sessions in the community AP005 AP005 AP005 AP005 AP006 Conduct of 11 shelter repair orientations for volunteers in the affected areas Distribution of existing shelter IEC material for awareness Identification of 1,200 families to receive shelter repair assistance (shelter tool kit there is no plan for replenishment) Distribution of 1,200 shelter kits (tarpaulins, rope, nails and tools) including basic awareness on safe shelter techniques. Conduct early recovery shelter orientations for volunteers in affected districts (1 event for all districts) AP006 Assessment and beneficiary selection AP006 Orientation to selected beneficiaries/consultation about the most appropriate shelter assistance needed AP006 AP006 Participatory Approach for Safe Shelter Awareness (PASSA) facilitators training 1 event Participatory Approach for Safe Shelter Awareness (PASSA) training to beneficiaries /community people 1 event each in 3 districts) AP006 Mason training for selected community people (1 event each in 3 districts)

17 P a g e 17 AP006 Progressive shelter support for 200 families through construction material and/or conditional cash transfer support (100,000 NPR/HH per Govt regulations) AP006 Selection of schools for repair support AP006 School repair support to selected 6 schools AP006 Monitoring visits to schools. Livelihoods and basic needs People targeted: 28,000 people Relief phase 21,700 people (4,340 families) and recovery phase 6,300 people Male: Relief phase 10,850 people and recovery phase 3,150 people Total Male: 14,000 Female: Relief phase 10,850 people and recovery phase 3,150 people Total Female: 14,000 Requirements (CHF): 255,780 Needs analysis: Agriculture in Nepal is dependent upon weather, as in most developing countries. Following the drought, the country faced severe floods and water logging in ust which affected agricultural production and livelihoods of thousands of people in the severely affected locations. Once an exporter of rice, Nepal has a food deficit now. Households also lost livestock and do not have enough income to replace them. Population to be assisted: for the recovery phase of the operation, 180 people (representing 180 families) per district will be reached with agricultural and livestock management training as well as cash grants for livelihood (total of 1,260 families or 6,300 people), and people to be reached with cash for work cannot be determined now. AP007 Livelihoods and basic needs Outcome 1: Communities, especially in disaster and crisis affected areas, restore and strengthen their livelihoods Livelihoods and basic needs 1.2: Basic needs assistance for livelihoods security including food is provided to the most affected communities 2017 Feb Procure and distribute ready to eat food (RTEF) Completed or unconditional cash as per local context and % of those assisted for whom food consumption is equal or greater than the minimum food basket equivalent % of targeted population whose livelihoods are (restored to/or improved from) predisaster level # of families reached with relief cash/rtef distributions (for food) Target: 4,340 families (1 person to represent 1 family)

18 P a g e 18 AP007 NRCS response manual for 4,340 people (1 person to represent 1 family) Conduct Livelihoods Minimum Standard Commitments to Gender and Diversity in Emergency Programming Monitoring Tool appraisal and identify strategies for improved dignity, access, participation and safety Completed Livelihoods and basic needs 1.3: Household livelihoods security is enhanced through food production # of people provided with cash grants (Target: 1,260 families or 6,300 people) # of people trained in vegetable farming and livestock management (Target: 1,260 families or 6,300 people) Feb AP009 AP009 AP009 AP009 Identify cash for work projects for support Provide agricultural training on vegetable farming Provide training on improved livestock management Provide cash grants of NPR 15,000 for agriculture and livestock Monitoring of activities 24 The people who successfully complete the training will be provided with cash grants

19 P a g e 19 Health People targeted: 75,000 people Relief phase 40,000 people (8,000 families) and recovery phase 35,000 people Male: Relief phase 20,000 people and recovery phase: 17,500 people Total Male: 37,500 Female: Relief phase 20,000 people and recovery phase: 17,500 people Total Female: 37,500 Requirements (CHF): 121,716 Needs analysis: There is a need to restore and ensure smooth functioning of the health facilities and promotional activities related with the prevention of health hazards (diarrhea, cholera, seasonal flu, dengue, malaria and snake bites) as indicated by the PFRNA. Population to be assisted: For the recovery phase, health sector will reach a total of 35,000 people with health promotional activities, community based health activities and through health facilities that will be supported. AP021 AP021 AP011 AP011 Health Outcome 1: The immediate and mid-term risks to the health of affected populations are reduced Health 1.1: The health situation and immediate risks are assessed using agreed guidelines Conduct health sector initial rapid assessment Regular monitoring of health hazards and their consequences 2017 Feb completed Health 1.2: Target population is provided with rapid medical management of injuries and diseases Set up general health camps to provide services such as first aid (already being provided by the volunteers), nutritional screening, PSS, condom distribution, screening of skin allergies, screening of diseases, treatment and referral of clinical cases Eye care outreach camp 2017 Feb completed % of targeted people with increased knowledge of and practiced preventive health behaviour # of assessments conducted based on standard NRCS assessment guidelines Target: 2 # of people reached by First Aid services # patients treated in health facilities or health camps

20 P a g e 20 AP011 Cleaning of health facilities to resume services in each district 1 DPHO and 1 PHC will be targeted Health 1.4: Epidemic prevention and control measures carried out. # of people reached with community-based epidemic prevention and control activities (Target: 40,000 people) # of mosquito nets distributed (Target: 16,000 nets) # of families reached with distributed mosquito nets (Target: 8,000 families) AP021 Print and disseminate IEC material (health education) 2017 Feb AP021 Conduct health promotion targeting pregnant, lactating women and children. AP021 Distribute mosquito nets AP021 AP021 AP021 Clean swamps, bushes and other potential mosquito breeding sites Conduct orientation on ECV tool kit to NRCS district staff and volunteers as well as FCHVs Mobilize ECV trained staff volunteers to roll out practices learned from ECV training AP021 Dignity kit 400 per district = 4,400 in 11 districts (it has 13 items) Health Outcome 2: The medium-term risks to the health of affected populations are reduced Health 2.2: Gaps in medical infrastructure of the affected population filled 2017 Feb % of people in the operation catchment area who can access appropriate health services % of targeted people with increased knowledge of and practiced preventive health behaviour # of health facilities equipped with medical and non-medical supplies # people reached by supported local health facilities (Target: 35,000 people)

21 P a g e 21 AP025 Conduct assessment of health facilities to determine their needs AP025 AP011 AP011 Provide necessary medical and non-medical supplies to enhance/restore health facilities Health 2.3: Community -based disease prevention # of people reached by community-based health activities (Target: 35,000 people) and health promotion measures provided Feb Participate in commemoration of health events such as toilet day, hand washing day, hygiene promotion day, tuberculosis day, etc Conduct disease prevention and health promotion through competition, campaigns and radio programming on vector borne diseases, water borne diseases and nutrition in schools and communities Water, sanitation and hygiene People targeted: 75,000 people Relief phase 40,000 people (8,000 families) and recovery phase 35,000 people Male: Relief phase 20,000 people and recovery phase: 17,500 people Total Male: 37,500 Female: Relief phase 20,000 people and recovery phase: 17,500 people Total Female: 37,500 Requirements (CHF): 205,314 Needs analysis: In the affected areas, the boreholes/shallow wells are the major source of drinking water. The floods inundated and in turn contaminated these water sources. Secondly, the displaced and affected population lack sufficient sanitation facilities. Poor hygiene behaviour is observed among the displaced population. With the contaminated water, insufficient sanitation facilities and poor hygiene, the flood affected people are exposed to high risk of water borne and water related diseases. Population to be assisted: The most vulnerable flood affected population will be targeted for WASH intervention during the recovery phase of the floods operation. Single women headed families, ultra-poor families, socially marginalized people, and people with special needs will be given priority to meet their WASH needs. A total of 35 elevated tube wells will be constructed/rehabilitated to cater for the needs of 1,750 people (each well will cover 10 families or 50 people). 700 household toilets will be constructed for 700 families (3,500 people) and hygiene promotion will be conducted for 35,000 people.

22 P a g e 22 Programme standards/benchmarks: SPHERE and WHO standards. WASH Outcome1: Immediate reduction in risk of waterborne and water related diseases in targeted communities WASH 1.1: Continuous assessment of water, sanitation, and hygiene situation is carried out in targeted communities % of target population that has access to sufficient safe water % of target population that has increased knowledge of hygiene practices # of assessments carried out and shared Target: 2 AP026 Conduct rapid assessment to identify immediate humanitarian needs Feb completed Monitor implementation of WASH activities AP026 AP026 AP026 WASH 1.2: Daily access to safe water which meets Sphere and WHO standards in terms of quantity and quality is provided to target population 2017 Feb Distribute Chlorine tablets to purify 15 litres of water per day per family for the period of 40 days (1 tab per 5 litres X 3 tabs X 8,000 families X40 days approx. = 960,000 tabs) and 16,000 buckets (2 buckets with lid for each family [1 for storage and 1 for transport]) to 8,000 families for household water treatment to supply safe drinking water Train population of targeted communities on safe water storage and safe use of water treatment products completed. remaining items to be used for hygiene promotion demonstrations completed # of people having access to safe water (Target: 8,000 families) AP026 AP026 Monitor treatment and storage of water through household surveys and household water quality tests Risk communication and community engagement campaigns and training of communities on household completed 25 To pin point/identify the most vulnerable communities for intervention and to identify impact of floods on the WASH facilities and critical hygiene related practices which may have negative impact on the health of the communities.

23 P a g e 23 AP026 water treatment (using chlorine tablets) and safe storage (including appropriate feedback and rumours tracking on the water treatment solutions). Installation of portable water purification units (with the capacity of 200 to 700 liters per hour. Process- Membrane filtration and chlorination) to supply safe drinking water. AP030 WASH 1.4: Hygiene promotion activities which meet Sphere standards in terms of the identification and use of hygiene items provided to target population Hygiene promotion campaign handwashing and ORS use (Distribution of 100,000 soaps for 8,000 families x 2.5 months and 20,000 ORS) 2017 Feb On going # of people reached by hygiene promotion activities (Target: 35,000 people) # of volunteers involved in hygiene promotion activities (Target: 70 volunteers) AP030 Procure and replenish 100,000 hand washing soap and 20,000 ORS. completed WASH Outcome 2: Sustainable reduction in risk of waterborne and water related diseases in targeted communities in the recovery phase % of target population that has access to sufficient safe water % of target population that is using adequate sanitation WASH 2.2: Community managed water sources giving access to safe water is provided to target population # of elevated tube wells constructed/rehabilitated (Target: 35 tube wells) # of people provided with safe water through the constructed/rehabilitated tube wells (Target: 1,750 people) AP026 Procure water test kits 26 and orient NRCS staff on how to use them 2017 Feb AP026 Monitor water quality at the source. 26 Kit contents: Coliform Presence/Absence Test kits, turbidity tube, and pool tester with DPD tabs

24 P a g e 24 AP026 AP026 AP026 Construct/rehabilitate 35 elevated tube wells in the community Establish/re-establish and orient water user committees to manage and maintain the elevated tube wells Distribute hand pump repairing kits for maintenance of the tube wells AP028 AP028 AP028 AP030 AP030 AP030 AP030 WASH 2.3: Improved access to and use of adequate sanitation by the target population. is provided to target population 2017 Feb Construction of 300 temporary emergency latrines (1 latrine for 50 people) especially for displaced people in camps. Construct 700 permanent household latrines (1 latrines for a family of approx. 5 people) Procure and distribute 700 toilet cleaning kits and provide demonstration session on their use Removal of stagnant water in and around the target communities/areas which is likely to become breeding ground for mosquitos. WASH 2.4: NS promote positive behavioural change in personal and community hygiene among targeted communities Feb Conduct hygiene and sanitation training for NRCS staff, volunteers and social mobilizers with reference to key elements from PHAST and CHAST modules (3 events per district) Conduct hygiene promotion activities in community and schools Print and distribute IEC materials (on safe use of water, hand washing, MHM, water treatment, waste management and food hygiene # of sanitation facilities constructed (Target: 700 toilets) # of people provided with sanitation facilities (Target: 3,500 people) # of people reached by hygiene promotion activities (Target: 35,000 people)

25 P a g e 25 Protection, Gender and Inclusion 27 People targeted: 35,000 people Male: 17,500 people Female: 17,500 people Requirements (CHF): 23,762 Population to be assisted: 35,000 people will be reached with GBV awareness and prevention activities Inclusion and Protection Outcome 1: Communities identify the needs of the most vulnerable and particularly disadvantaged and marginalised groups, as a result of inequality, discrimination and other non-respect of their human rights and address their distinct needs Inclusion and Protection 1.1: Issues of gender equality are considered by the operation (GESI) % increase in knowledge and awareness about gender based violence % of sectoral plans which explicitly address issues of gender equality with reference to established tools (e.g. NRCS/IFRC GESI guideline) 2017 Feb AP031 Provide orientation to district chapter volunteers and staff on PGI (Protection, Gender and Inclusion) AP031 AP031 AP031 Follow up and technical support Girls anti trafficking sessions (child Protection) support for disabled, poor children (girls focus) providing school bag, copy, pen Psychosocial/Stress management session coordinate with other departments 27 This area of focus is a merge of what previously was Social Inclusion and Culture of Non-violence and peace. It is under development, so for now it represents the physical merge of three existing relevant outputs.

26 AP031 AP031 AP034 IEC/BCC material related with PGI coordinate with other line agency GESI technical support during regular health camps to address health needs of children, women and elderly Inclusion and Protection 1.2: Emergency response operations prevent and respond to sexual- and gender-based violence and all forms of violence against children Feb Distribute GBV card and conduct orientation sessions on GBV # of people reached with messages on GBV prevention (Target: 35,000 people) P a g e 26 Disaster Risk Reduction People targeted: 35,000 people Male: 17,500 people Female: 17,500 people Requirements (CHF): 387,799 Needs analysis: Communities are exposed to risk of multiple hazards in the affected districts. Floods, landslides and fires are common and most recurrent disasters. The level of awareness on risk assessment as well as application of risk reduction measures is very low among community people. Likewise, response mechanism at local level is very weak. Integration of risk reduction measures with the recovery activities will substantially enhance community coping mechanism by developing effective response mechanism, enabling people to assess risk of local hazards and take community level risk reduction activities forward. During pre-assessment visits, many make-shift houses were seen on road sides or embankments which indicated lack of the proper place to evacuate affected people. Therefore, NRCS will support in construction of three community evacuation centers which can be used to accommodate 50 families per center during similar disasters. These centers can also be used for community gatherings or as a temporary storage area for relief items during emergencies. NRCS has already identified secure locations in Sunsari, Udayapur and Siraha districts

27 P a g e 27 Population to be assisted: For the recovery phase, three community evacuation centers will be constructed to accommodate 50 families per district (Sunsari, Udayapur and Siraha districts total 150 families). In addition, 35,000 community members in targeted areas will be better prepared for future disasters through the support of the DDRT refresher course as well as search and rescue and first aid teams being formed, trained and equipped to effectively respond to similar disasters. DRR Outcome 1: Communities in high risk areas are prepared for and able to respond to disaster % of targeted communities with an active and well-equipped response team for -Community search and rescue -First Aid -Response DRR 1.1: Communities take active steps to strengthen their preparedness for timely and effective response to disasters. % increase in knowledge about preparedness, risk reduction and response # of community evacuation centers constructed (Target: 3) # of people benefitting from community evacuation centers (Target: 750 people) # of people trained in community search and rescue (Target: 24 people) # of response teams formed for community search and rescue (Target: 6 teams) # of people trained in First Aid (Target: 24 people) # of response teams formed for First Aid (Target: 6 teams) # of people trained in DDRT (Target: 24 people) # of people reached by awareness on preparedness and disaster risk reduction (Target: 35,000 people) AP001 Conduct bidding process for recruiting contractor to construct 3 community evacuation centers 2017 Feb AP001 Construct three community evacuation centers AP001 AP001 AP001 Conduct search and rescue training for community members and form response teams Conduct first aid training for community members and form first aid teams Conduct DDRT refresher training

28 P a g e 28 Strategies for Implementation Requirements (CHF): 1,076,028 AP042 S1.1: National Society capacity building and organizational development objectives are facilitated to ensure that National Societies have the necessary legal, ethical and financial foundations, systems and structures, competences and capacities to plan and perform. S1.1.6: National Societies have the necessary corporate infrastructure and systems in place Conduct administration, HR and finance training at NRCS headquarters 2017 Feb # of NRCS district chapters that are well functioning (Target: 7 district chapters) # district chapters applying existing procedures and guidelines (Target: HQ and 7 district chapters) AP042 AP042 AP042 Conduct administration, HR and finance training at NRCS district chapters Distribute administration, HR and finance guidelines, procedures and templates to all staff at HQ and district chapters Provide district chapters with computers, printers, cameras and furniture S1.1.7: NS capacity to support communitybased disaster risk reduction, response and preparedness is strengthened 2017 Feb # of district chapters equipped with necessary response tools and equipment (Target: 7 district chapters) AP001 Provide 1 rubber boat, 20 life jackets and 40 helmets per NRCS district chapters. AP001 Procure response kits (first aid and search/rescue) AP002 Revision of CTP SOPs

29 AP002 CTP capacity building of the districts through trainings Outcome S2.1: Effective and coordinated international disaster response is ensured S2.1.3: NS compliance with Principles and Rules for Humanitarian Assistance is improved P a g e 29 % of targeted population satisfied that they have access to information, feedback mechanisms and can influence the floods operation # of flood related radio programmes aired # of calls received through the 1130 hotline # of likes on floods operation in NRCS Facebook page 2017 Feb AP084 AP084 AP084 AP084 AP084 Provide appropriate, relevant, practical information to communities across a variety of platforms that meet the CEA minimum standards (Radio, Interpersonal communication and other communication materials), including on the planning, scope and content monsoon floods and landslide project. Expand the reach and use of the hotline Namaste and define/roll out a complaints and feedback mechanism that is appropriate to the context. NRCS engages with community through the most suitable complaints and feedback mechanism and addressees their feedback accordingly. Disseminate the findings of, and provide support and feedback to, the inter-agency Common Feedback Project (integrated surveys, rumour tracking, suggestion boxes, and face-to-face feedback) set up to enable communities to better engage with relief and recovery activities. Support training of Social Mobilizers across the affected districts to ensure effective face-to-face interaction with communities in line with CEA minimum standards AP084 Provide appropriate, relevant, practical information to communities across a variety of platforms that meet the CEA minimum standards (Radio, Interpersonal communication and other communication materials), including on the planning, scope and content monsoon floods and landslide project.

30 P a g e 30 Meetings are conducted on a regular basis S2.1.6: Coordinating role of the IFRC within the international humanitarian system is enhanced 2017 Feb # of joint visits conducted AP049 AP049 Participate in emergency shelter cluster coordination meetings Collect information on response activities from all participating shelter partners and share reports completed completed AP049 AP049 Conduct joint monitoring visit with shelter partners to affected areas Conduct Shelter Minimum Standard Commitments to Gender and Diversity in Emergency Programming Monitoring Tool appraisal and identify strategies for improved dignity, access, participation and safety completed completed Outcome S3.1: The IFRC secretariat, together with National Societies uses their unique position to influence decisions at local, national and international levels that affect the most vulnerable. S3.1.2: IFRC produces high-quality research and evaluation that informs advocacy, resource mobilization and programming. Floods operation EPoA and M&E Plan is up to date for reference and guidance to the operations team. % of sectoral plans for which a monitoring and evaluation plan has been developed (Target # planned evaluations which take place and for which a management response is provided (Target: 1) AP055 Support different sectors in developing/adapting monitoring and evaluation tools (M&E plan) and processes at all levels 2017 Feb AP055 Conduct post distribution monitoring completed AP055 Conduct baseline survey

31 P a g e 31 AP055 AP055 Conduct review, lessons learnt and planning meetings with district team Conduct a final evaluation

32 P a g e 32 Budget REVISED EMERGENCY APPEAL MDRNP009 Nepal : Monsoon Floods and Landslides 12/03/ Budget Group Appeal Budget CHF Shelter - Relief 195,888 Construction - Facilities 202,185 Clothing & Textiles 403,611 Food 6,151 Seeds & Plants 1,989 Water, Sanitation & Hygiene 83,615 Medical & First Aid 28,978 Ustensils & Tools 132,580 Other Supplies & Services 136,368 Cash Disbursments 178,983 Total RELIEF ITEMS, CONSTRUCTION AND SUPPLIES 1,370,348 Vehicles 35,797 Total LAND, VEHICLES AND EQUIPMENT 35,797 Dsitribution & Monitoring 94,283 Transport & Vehicle Costs 58,850 Total LOGISTICS, TRANSPORT AND STORAGE 153,133 International Staff 192,000 National Staff 41,250 National Society Staff 267,509 Volunteers 72,812 Total PERSONNEL 573,571 Consultants 84,300 Professional Fees 37,691 Total CONSULTANTS & PROFESSIONAL FEES 121,991 Workshops & Training 229,341 Total WORKSHOP & TRAINING 229,341 Travel 43,944 Information & Public Relations 42,975 Office Costs 82,436 Communications 32,132 Shared Office and Services Costs 96,452 Total GENERAL EXPENDITURES 297,937 Programme and Services Support Recovery 180,838 Total INDIRECT COSTS 180,838 TOTAL BUDGET 2,962,956 Available Resources Multilateral Contributions 2,896,909 TOTAL AVAILABLE RESOURCES 2,896,909 NET EMERGENCY APPEAL NEEDS 66,047

33 P a g e 33 Reference documents Click here for: Previous Appeals and updates Previous Emergency Plan of Action (EPoA) Donor Response For further information, specifically related to this operation please contact: Nepal Red Cross Society: Dev Ratna Dhakhwa, Secretary General; phone: ; fax: ; dev@nrcs.org Dr. Krishna Devkota, Head of Flood Recovery Operation, Disaster Management Department; mobile: ; krishna.devkota@nrcs.org Dharma Raj Pandey, Head of Department, Disaster Management; phone: ; dharma.pandey@nrcs.org IFRC Nepal country office: Juja Kim, Head of Country Office; mobile: ; juja.kim@ifrc.org Hajime Matsunaga, Operations Manager; mobile: ; hajime.matsunaga@ifrc.org IFRC Asia Pacific regional office in Kuala Lumpur: tin Faller, Deputy Regional Director; martin.faller@ifrc.org Alice Ho, Operations Coordinator; mobile: alice.ho@ifrc.org Riku Assamaki, Regional Logistics Coordinator; mobile: ; riku.assamaki@ifrc.org Sophia Keri, RM in Emergencies Coordinator, sophia.keri@ifrc.org Rosemarie North, Communications Manager, rosemarie.north@ifrc.org ie Manrique, acting PMER Manager ; marie.manrique@ifrc.org IFRC Geneva: Susil Perera, Senior Officer, Response and Recovery; phone: ; susil.perera@ifrc.org Cristina Estrada, Response Recovery Lead; phone: ; cristina.estrada@ifrc.org How we work All IFRC assistance seeks to adhere to the of Conduct for the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement and Non-Governmental Organizations (NGO s) in Disaster Relief and the Humanitarian Charter and Minimum Standards in Disaster Response (Sphere) in delivering assistance to the most vulnerable. The IFRC s vision is to inspire, encourage, facilitate and promote at all times all forms of humanitarian activities by National Societies, with a view to preventing and alleviating human suffering, and thereby contributing to the maintenance and promotion of human dignity and peace in the world.