Allied Health Workforce Analysis Los Angeles Region

Transcription

1 F u d e d b y & p r e p a r e d f o r : Allied Health Workforce Aalysis Los Ageles Regio Timothy Bates, M.P.P. Susa Chapma, Ph.D, R.N. M A Y

2 October 2007 A report from The Allied Health Care Workforce Program grat titled: Advacig the Allied Health Workforce i Califoria Supported by: The Califoria Edowmet Prepared by: UCSF Ceter for the Health Professios Ackowledgemets: This project is supported by a grat from The Califoria Edowmet. The Califoria Edowmet s missio is to expad access to affordable, quality health care for uderserved idividuals ad commuities, ad to promote fudametal improvemets i the health status of all Califorias.

3 Table of Cotets Executive Summary... i Overview... 1 Los Ageles Regioal Populatio Data... 5 Curret Regioal Workforce Labor Market ad Educatioal Data by Occupatio Detal Assistat Detal Hygiee Medical Assistat Pharmacy Techicia EMTs ad Paramedics Home Health Aide Certified Nurse Assistat (Nursig Aides) Licesed Vocatioal Nurse Registered Nurse Practitioer (RNP) Physicia Assistat Psychiatric Techicia Master s-level Metal Health Professioals Metal Health Couselors Substace Abuse/Behavioral Disorder Coucelors Metal Health/Substace Abuse Social Worker Geriatric Social Worker Public/Commuity Health Public/Commuity Health Educator Medical ad Public Health Social Worker Commuity Health Worker ad Health Care Iterpreter Social ad Huma Service Assistats Coclusio... 57

4 Appedices Appedix A. Detailed Listig of Occupatios Represeted by Broad Stadard Occupatio Code Groups Used i this Report Appedix B1. Los Ageles Couty: 2006 Estimated Employmet, Employmet per ,000 Populatio ad Hourly/Aual Wages by Occupatio Appedix B2. Riverside/Sa Berardio Couties: 2006 Estimated Employmet, Employmet per ,000 Populatio ad Hourly/Aual Wages by Occupatio Appedix B3. Sata Barbara Couty: 2006 Estimated Employmet, Employmet per ,000 Populatio ad Hourly/Aual Wages by Occupatio Appedix B4. Vetura Couty: 2006 Estimated Employmet, Employmet per ,000 Populatio ad Hourly/Aual Wages by Occupatio Appedix C1. Los Ageles Couty: Employmet Projectios ad Growth Rakigs by Occupatio Appedix C2. Riverside ad Sa Berardio Couties: Employmet Projectios ad Growth Rakigs by Occupatio Appedix C3. Sata Barbara Couty: Employmet Projectios ad Growth Rakigs by Occupatio Appedix C4. Vetura Couty: Employmet Projectios ad Growth Rakigs by Occupatio Appedix D1. Los Ageles Couty: Istitutio ad Program Listig Appedix D2. Riverside Couty: Istitutio ad Program Listig Appedix D3. Sa Berardio Couty: Istitutio ad Program Listig Appedix D4. Sata Barbara Couty: Istitutio ad Program Listig Appedix D5. Vetura Couty: Istitutio ad Program Listig List of Tables Table 1. Occupatioal Title ad Commo Educatioal Attaimet... 1 Table 2. Racial/Ethic Categories by Data Source... 4 Table Populatio Compositio (%) by Race/Ethicity ad by Couty (percetage)... 6 Table Hispaic/Latio Populatio by Selected Natioal Origi: Los Ageles Regio... 6 Table Asia Populatio by Selected Group: Los Ageles Regio... 6

5 Table Media Age by Race/Ethicity: Los Ageles Regio... 7 Table Geeral Fertility Rates by Race/Ethicity: Los Ageles Regio... 7 Table Number of Live Births to Wome Ages by Race/Ethicity: Los Ageles Regio... 7 Table 9. Educatioal Attaimet of Populatio Ages 25 ad Over by Race/Ethicity: Los Ageles Regio.. 7 Table 10. Hispaic/Latio Populatio Ages by Self-Reorted Ability to... 7 Speak Eglish: Los Ageles Regio Table 11. Los Ageles Regio Populatio Estimates by Race/Ethicity: 2005 ad 2030 (as a percetage) Table Racial/Ethic Compositio of Health Diagosig ad Treatig Practitioers: Los Ageles Regio Table Racial/Ethic Compositio of Health Techologists ad Techicias: Los Ageles Regio Table Racial/Ethic Compositio of Health Care Support Occupatios: Los Ageles Regio Table Racial/Ethic Compositio of Commuity ad Social Service Couselors Holdig a Master s Degree or Higher: Los Ageles Regio Table 16. Racial/Ethic Compositio of Commuity ad Social Service Couselors Holdig a Bachelor s Degree or Less: Los Ageles Regio Table Racial/Ethic Compositio of Commuity ad Social Service Social Workers Holdig a Master s Degree or Higher: Los Ageles Regio Table Racial/Ethic Compositio of Commuity ad Social Service Social Workers Holdig a Bachelor s Degree or Less: Los Ageles Regio Table Racial/Ethic Compositio of Miscellaeous Commuity ad Social Service Specialists: Los Ageles Regio Table Detal Assistat Estimated Employmet, Employmet per Populatio ad Media Hourly/Aual Wage by Couty Table Detal Assistat Employmet Projectios/Rakigs by Couty Table Detal Hygieist Estimated Employmet, Employmet per Populatio ad Media Hourly/Aual Wage by Couty Table Detal Assistat Employmet Projectios/Rakigs by Couty Table Medical Assistat Estimated Employmet, Employmet per Populatio ad Media Hourly/Aual Wage by Couty Table Medical Assistat Employmet Projectios/Rakigs by Couty Table Pharmacy Techicia Estimated Employmet, Employmet per Populatio ad Media Hourly/Aual Wage by Couty Table Pharmacy Techicia Employmet Projectios/Rakigs by Couty... 21

6 Table EMT/Paramedic Estimated Employmet ad Employmet per Populatio by Couty Table EMT/Paramedic Media Hourly/Aual Wage ad Hourly/Aual Wage at 90th Percetile by Couty Table EMT/Paramedic Employmet Projectios/Rakigs by Couty Table Home Health Aide Estimated Employmet, Employmet per Populatio ad Media Hourly/Aual Wage by Couty. Table Home Health Aide Employmet Projectios/Rakigs by Couty Table Nursig Aides Estimated Employmet, Employmet per Populatio ad Media Hourly/Aual Wage by Couty. Table Nursig Aides Employmet Projectios/Rakigs by Couty Table LVN Estimated Employmet, Employmet per Populatio ad Media Hourly/Aual Wage by Couty Table LVN Employmet Projectios/Rakigs by Couty Table RN Estimated Employmet ad Employmet per Populatio by Couty Table RN Hourly/Aual Wages at Media ad 90th Percetile by Couty Table RN Employmet Projectios/Rakigs by Couty Table Physicia Assistat Estimated Employmet, Employmet per Populatio ad Media Hourly/Aual Wage by Couty Table Physicia Assistat Employmet Projectios/Rakigs by Couty Table Psychiatric Techicia Estimated Employmet, Employmet per Populatio ad Media Hourly/Aual Wage by Couty Table Psychiatric Techicia Employmet Projectios/Rakigs by Couty Table 44. Metal Health Couselors Estimated Employmet, Employmet per Populatio ad Media Hourly/Aual Wage by Couty Table Metal Health Couselors Employmet Projectios/Rakigs by Couty Table Substace Abuse/Behavioral Disorder Couselor Estimated Employmet, Employmet per Populatio ad Media Hourly/Aual Wage by Couty Table Employmet Projectios/Rakigs by Couty Table Metal Health/Substace Abuse Social Worker Estimated Employmet, Employmet per Populatio ad Media Hourly/Aual Wage by Couty Table Metal Health/Substace Abuse Social Worker Employmet Projectios/Rakigs by Couty

7 Table Public/Commuity Health Educator Estimated Employmet, Employmet per Populatio ad Media Hourly/Aual Wage by Couty Table Public/Commuity Health Educator Employmet Projectios/Rakigs by Couty Table Medical ad Public Health Social Worker Estimated Employmet, Employmet per Populatio ad Media Hourly/Aual Wage by Couty Table Medical ad Public Health Social Worker Employmet Projectios/Rakigs by Couty Table Social ad Huma Service Assistats Estimated Employmet, Employmet per Populatio ad Media Hourly/Aual Wage by Couty Table Social ad Huma Service Assistats Employmet Projectios/Rakigs by Couty List of Figures Figure Racial/Ethic Compositio of the Geeral Populatio (Hispaic/Latio, White,... 5 Asia, Africa America): Los Ageles Regio Figure Racial/Ethic Compositio of the Geeral Populatio (Multirace, Native America,... 5 Native Hawaiia/Pacific Islader): Los Ageles Regio Figure Populatio Projectios for Califoria s Populatio over the Age of Los Ageles Regio (i millios) Figure Projected Populatio by Race Ethicity: Los Ageles Regio... 9 Figure Projected Populatio Ages 18 ad Uder by Race/Ethicity: Los Ageles Regio... 9 Figure Projected Populatio Ages 65 ad Over by Race/Ethicity: Los Ageles Regio Figure Geder Compositio for Reported Graduates of Detal Assistat Programs: Los Ageles Regio Figure Racial/Ethic Compositio for Reported Graduates of Detal Assistat Programs: Los Ageles Regio Figure Geder Compositio for Reported Graduates of Detal Hygiee Programs: Los Ageles Regio Figure Racial/Ethic Compositio for Reported Graduates of Detal Hygiee Programs: Los Ageles Regio Figure Geder Compositio for Reported Graduates of Medical Assistat Programs: Los Ageles Regio

8 Figure Racial/Ethic Compositio for Reported Graduates of Medical Assistat Programs: Los Ageles Regio Figure Geder Compositio for Reported Graduates of Pharmacy Techicia Programs: Los Ageles Regio Figure Racial/Ethic Compositio for Reported Graduates of Pharmacy Techicia Programs: Los Ageles Regio Figure Geder Compositio for Reported Graduates of EMT-Paramedic Programs: Los Ageles Regio Figure Racial/Ethic Compositio for Reported Graduates of EMT-Paramedic Programs: Los Ageles Regio Figure Geder Compositio for Reported Graduates of Licesed Vocatioal Nursig Programs: Los Ageles Regio Figure Racial/Ethic Compositio for Reported Graduates of Licesed Vocatioal Nursig Programs: Los Ageles Regio Figure Cesus of Total Erollmet i Post-licese Master of Sciece i Nursig Programs by Program Cocetratio: Los Ageles Regio Figure Geder Compositio of Reported Graduates of Master of Sciece i Nursig Programs: Los Ageles Regio Figure Racial/Ethic Compositio of Reported Graduates of Master of Sciece i Nursig Programs: Los Ageles Regio Figure Geder Compositio for Reported Graduates of Physicia Assistat Programs: Los Ageles Regio (All Degree Levels) Figure Racial/Ethic Compositio for Reported Graduates of Physicia Assistat Programs: Los Ageles Regio (All Degree Levels) Figure Geder Compositio for Reported Graduates of Psychiatric Techicia Programs: Los Ageles Regio Figure Racial/Ethic Compositio for Reported Graduates of Psychiatric Techicia Programs: Los Ageles Regio Figure Geder Compositio for Reported Graduates of Master s Programs i Geeral, Cliical or Couselig Psychology: Los Ageles Regio Figure Racial/Ethic Compositio for Reported Graduates of Master s Programs i Geeral, Cliical or Couselig Psychology: Los Ageles Regio Figure Geder Compositio for Reported Graduates of Master s i Social Work Programs: Los Ageles Regio

9 Figure Racial/Ethic Compositio for Reported Graduates of Master s i Social Work Programs: Los Ageles Regio Figure Geder Compositio for Reported Graduates of Gerotology Programs: Los Ageles Regio (All Degree Levels) Figure Racial/Ethic Compositio for Reported Graduates of Gerotology Programs: Los Ageles Regio (All Degree Levels) Figure Geder Compositio for Reported Graduates of Public Health Educatio ad Promotio Programs: Los Ageles Regio (All Degree Levels) Figure Racial/Ethic Compositio for Reported Graduates of Public Health Educatio ad Promotio Programs: Los Ageles Regio (All Degree Levels) Figure Geder Compositio for Reported Graduates of Bachelor s i Public Health Programs: Los Ageles Regio Figure Racial/Ethic Compositio for Reported Graduates of Bachelor s i Public Health Programs: Los Ageles Regio Figure Geder Compositio for Reported Graduates of Master s i Public Health Programs: Los Ageles Regio Figure Racial/Ethic Compositio for Reported Graduates of Master s i Public Health Programs: Los Ageles Regio Figure 38. Racial/Ethic Compositio of Reported Graduates of Master s i Public Health Programs by Istitutio: Los Ageles Regio Figure Geder Compositio for Reported Graduates of Huma Service Programs: Los Ageles Regio Figure Racial/Ethic Compositio for Reported Graduates of Huma Service Programs: Los Ageles Regio Figure Geder Compositio for Reported Graduates of Substace Abuse/Addictio Couselig Programs: Los Ageles Regio Figure Racial/Ethic Compositio for Reported Graduates of Substace Abuse/Addictio Couselig Programs: Los Ageles Regio Figure Geder Compositio for Reported Graduates of Bachelor s i Social Work Programs: Los Ageles Regio Figure Racial/Ethic Compositio for Reported Graduates of Bachelor s i Social Work Programs: Los Ageles Regio

10 Executive Summary Overview Achievig a culturally competet health care workforce is a major focus area for The Califoria Edowmet. Part of ay strategy to impact this goal should be iclusive of the large umber of health care workers ofte referred to as the allied health workforce. This group is comprised of professioals who provide a rage of diagostic, techical, therapeutic ad direct patiet care services, as well as support services. The field of allied health rages from etry-level occupatios requirig miimal educatioal ivestmet to highly specialized occupatios requirig advaced degree traiig for etry ito practice.

11 Allied Health Workforce i Califoria Aalysis: Los Ageles Regio Objective ad Approach The objective of this series of reports is to describe ad aalyze the demographic compositio of three pricipal groups i each of The Califoria Edowmet regios: the geeral populatio, the curret health professios workforce ad graduates of selected allied health educatio programs. The report also icludes iformatio o curret wage levels ad projected occupatioal employmet that ca be used to evaluate the relatioships betwee wages, employmet opportuity ad demographic diversity. This report is focused o The Califoria Edowmet desigated Los Ageles regio, which icludes Los Ageles, Sa Berardio, Riverside, Sata Barbara ad Vetura couties. Nearly 20 allied health occupatios were selected for a detailed aalysis based o several criteria. First, may of these workers serve as the iitial cotact, ad sometimes the oly cotact i the health care system, for poor, uderserved or special eeds commuities. Secod, may of these occupatios represet a substatial degree of job opportuity. They are fast-growig occupatios, occupatios whose workforce is large i size ad thus expected to have may job opeigs, or both. Fially, these occupatios represet a broad rage of both educatioal requiremets ad practice settigs. The spectrum of educatioal levels rages from certificates requirig less tha oe year to complete to master s-level traiig. Professioal practice settigs iclude ipatiet, outpatiet, commuity ad the home. The followig occupatios are described ad aalyzed i this report: Detal Assistat Detal Hygieist Medical Assistat Pharmacy Techicia EMT/Paramedic Home Health Aide Nursig Assistat Licesed Vocatioal Nurse Nurse Practitioer (Advaced Practice Registered Nurse) Physicia Assistat Psychiatric Techicia Metal Health Couselor Substace Abuse/Behavioral Disorder Couselor Metal Health/Substace Abuse Social Worker Geriatric Social Worker Public/Commuity Health Educator Medical/Public Health Social Worker Commuity Health Worker Health Iterpreter Social/Huma Service Assistat Data Sources Regioal Populatio Estimates from the Califoria Departmet of Fiace Demographic Research Uit ad the 2005 America Commuity Survey Public Use Microdata Sample (PUMS) are used to describe demographic characteristics of the geeral populatio i the Los Ageles regio. Estimates from the Califoria Departmet of Fiace Demographic Research Uit are used to describe projected chages to the regio s geeral populatio durig the period i

12 UCSF Ceter for the Health Professios Descriptios of the demographic compositio of the curret workforce illustrate the lack of racial ad ethic diversity amog health care occupatios that require higher levels of educatio ad where earigs are higher. Curret Health Professios Workforce Estimates from the 2005 America Commuity Survey PUMS are used to broadly describe the racial ad ethic compositio of the curret health professios workforce i the Los Ageles regio. Educatio Except for urse practitioers, all educatio data are derived from the U.S. Departmet of Educatio, Itegrated Postsecodary Educatio Data System (IPEDS). IPEDS is the most comprehesive source for post-secodary educatio data available. Nurse practitioer program data is from the 2005 Califoria Board of Registered Nursig Aual Schools Survey. Curret ad Projected Employmet ad Media Wages The 2006 couty-level estimates of total employmet, hourly/aual wages ad couty-level employmet projectios for the period are from the Califoria Employmet Developmet Departmet (EDD). Occupatioal Descriptios Occupatioal titles are defied by the Stadard Occupatio Code (SOC) system. Descriptios of each occupatio ad its respective scope of practice are from the editio of the Occupatioal Outlook Hadbook, published by the U. S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Data Limitatios The best possible source of data was used to describe each compoet of the report. However, the data have limitatios that impact the level of aalysis that ca be coducted. For example, existig data resources do ot allow for describig characteristics of the curret health professios regioal workforce at the level of idividual occupatios. Occupatios eeded to be aggregated ito larger groups ad thus oly broad descriptios are possible. I several istaces there is oly a geeral relatioship betwee the occupatioal employmet data ad the educatio program data. I these cases, data describig educatio programs that are likely to provide useful traiig for that occupatio are used. Ad i some cases, the educatioal istitutios that have reported studet data represet oly a sample of all the traiig opportuities for that occupatio; the umber of reported graduates i a give year is likely a uderestimate of the total umber of graduates. Furthermore, the categories of race/ethicity are differet depedig o the source of the data ad these categories are ofte broad, limitig the ability to describe importat sub-populatios. These limitatios are importat ad should be cosidered whe drawig coclusios. For example, these data caot be easily combied to precisely balace the umber of jobs for allied health workers (demad) ad umber of workers available (supply). Employmet projectios give oly a geeral idicatio of job growth ad employmet opportuity. Educators might cosider these factors ad several others i makig decisios to ope allied health educatio programs or icrease program size. Despite these limitatios there are several practical uses for this report. Descriptios of the demographic compositio of the curret workforce illustrate the lack of racial ad ethic diversity amog health care occupatios that require higher levels of educatio ad where ii

13 Allied Health Workforce i Califoria Aalysis: Los Ageles Regio earigs are higher. The data describig educatio program graduates idicate how differet racial/ethic groups are potetially distributed as ew etrats ito the workforce. Estimates of employmet ad wages describe the wide variatio i both workforce size ad earigs across allied health occupatios. These estimates ca be combied with demographic data describig the curret workforce ad educatio program graduates, as well as employmet projectios, to highlight broad allied health workforce treds i the Los Ageles regio. Summary of Major Fidigs Curret ad Projected Populatio The Los Ageles regio is uique i that the curret geeral populatio is early a majority-miority. I 2005, the ethically Hispaic/Latio populatio represeted 45% of the total populatio ad is the largest racial/ethic group i the regio. (I Califoria, the racially White populatio is still the largest racial/ ethic group represetig roughly 43% of the geeral populatio.) The racial ad ethic compositio of the regio, however, varies cosiderably across the differet couties. Los Ageles Couty is by far the most diverse; 70% of its populatio is o-white. I both Sata Barbara ad Vetura couties, the o-white populatio represets just 45% of the total populatio. There are several key characteristics of the curret workig age populatio (ages 18 to 64) that impact the pool of labor available to the allied health workforce. I 2005, the media age of the regio s Hispaic/ Latio populatio was 26 years. This is seve years youger tha the media age for the Africa America populatio (the ext yougest) ad roughly 16 years youger tha the media age of the regio s White populatio. Approximately 30% of the Hispaic/Latio workig age populatio self-reported speakig Eglish either ot well or ot at all. Ad educatioal attaimet amog the Hispaic/Latio populatio over the age of 25 is sigificatly lower compared with other racial/ethic groups; just 13% of this populatio reported havig eared at least a associate s degree. Populatio projectios idicate that the regio will udergo a dramatic trasformatio i the comig decades. The portio of the populatio over the age of 65 is expected to grow by roughly 120%, icreasig from approximately 1.6 millio i 2005 to 3.5 millio people i Such substatial growth i this segmet of the populatio has importat implicatios for the size of the health professios workforce eeded to respod to a expected icrease i demad for health services. The racial ad ethic compositio of the regio s populatio will also chage sigificatly over the ext 25 years. Total populatio is projected to icrease by roughly 4.5 millio ad 88% of this populatio growth will be Hispaic/ Latio. I all couties except Sata Barbara, the ethically Hispaic/Latio populatio will become the largest racial/ethic group. Curret Workforce There is a patter whereby racial ad ethic diversity dimiishes i the workforce as the level of required educatio (ad wages) icrease. The most highly traied ad well-paid health care professioals are part of the broad group of Health Diagosig ad Treatig Practitioers 1. 1 Stadard Occupatio Code (SOC) group iii

14 UCSF Ceter for the Health Professios bachelor s degree or less oly 32% were White. Equally, 67% of the social work professioals holdig a master s degree or higher were racially White. By cotrast, just 27% of social work professioals who hold a bachelor s degree or less were White. 2 Stadard Occupatio Code (SOC) group Stadard Occupatio Code (SOC) group Stadard Occupatio Code (SOC) group Stadard Occupatio Code (SOC) group I 2005, early 80% of this broad group, which icludes Nurse Practitioers ad Physicia Assistats, were either White or Asia. Health Techologists ad Techicias 2, a group which icludes Detal Hygieists, EMT/Paramedics, Pharmacy Techicias, Psychiatric Techicias ad Licesed Vocatioal Nurses, are more diverse. The proportio of White ad Asia professioals was a estimated 55% of this workforce. Workers i health care support occupatios 3, which are etry-level ad ofte require o more tha o-the-job traiig, are quite racially ad ethically diverse. I 2005, Hispaic/Latio workers represeted approximately 44% of this workforce. Amog metal health ad social service occupatios, the same patter holds. Couselors 4 ad social workers 5 who have higher levels of traiig, ad by assumptio who ear more, are far less racially ad ethically diverse. I 2005, 54% of commuity ad social service couselors holdig a master s degree or higher were White, but amog those couselig professioals holdig a Curret ad Projected Employmet There are couty-level differeces i estimated wages for several of the selected occupatios. Detal Assistats ad Detal Hygieists, Medical/Public Health Social Workers ad Metal Health/Substace Abuse Social Workers ad Substace Abuse/ Behavioral Disorder Couselors i Sata Barbara ad Vetura couties ear higher wages compared with the rest of the regio. Wages for Physicia Assistats ad Registered Nurses (ad we assume Nurse Practitioers) are cosiderably higher i Los Ageles Couty compared with other couties i the regio. For the other selected occupatios, there do ot appear to be sigificat coutylevel differeces i estimated wages. I terms of absolute size, the workforce i Los Ageles Couty is much larger tha the other couties i the regio. The size of the workforce i the Ilad Empire (Riverside/Sa Berardio couties) is larger tha it is i either Sata Barbara Couty or Vetura Couty. However, whe adjusted for the size of the populatio, employmet levels are more variable. Occupatioal employmet-to-populatio ratios give a sese of employmet opportuity specific to a occupatio; they are take as a measure of a ecoomy s ability to create jobs. A occupatio that has high levels of employmet relative to the populatio iv

15 Allied Health Workforce i Califoria Aalysis: Los Ageles Regio idicates that the ecoomy is successful i creatig those types of jobs. Employmetto-populatio ratios for Social/Huma Service Assistats, Metal Health/ Substace Abuse Social Workers ad Home Health Aides are two to three times as large i Sata Barbara Couty as the rest of the regio. I Los Ageles Couty, the ratios are comparatively large for Registered Nurses (ad we assume for Registered Nurse Practitioers), Licesed Vocatioal Nurses ad Nursig Aides. I the Ilad Empire, Psychiatric Techicias have a high employmet-to-populatio ratio. There may be simple explaatios for why certai couties are successful at creatig opportuity for certai types of occupatios, such as the clusterig of idustries i a couty, i.e. the umber of busiess establishmets like hospitals or recovery ad treatmet ceters. Employmet projectios data idicate a geeral patter cosistet with the otio that populatio growth drives employmet opportuity. Los Ageles, Riverside ad Sa Berardio couties rak first, secod ad third out of all couties i the state i terms of the projected populatio growth i the comig decades. As a result, for most of the occupatios selected for aalysis i this report, where future employmet opportuity is projected to grow rapidly, it is projected to grow most rapidly i these three couties. Ad because the absolute size of each idividual workforce i Los Ageles Couty is so much larger tha other couties i the regio, the absolute umber of job opeigs i Los Ageles Couty is projected to be cosiderably greater tha other couties i the regio. Likewise, the absolute umber of job opportuities i the Ilad Empire is projected to be greater tha i either Sata Barbara Couty or Vetura Couty. May of the occupatios that are fastgrowig ad that are projected to offer sigificat employmet opportuity are etry-level, low-payig occupatios. These are the health care support occupatios such as Home Health Aide, Nursig Aide, Detal Assistat ad Medical Assistat. I theory, there are step-wise career ladders that would lead those workig i these occupatios to career advacemet. Buildig ad supportig career ladders, though, requires sigificat persoal ad istitutioal resources that may ot always be available. However, ot all job creatio is i low-level support occupatios. With the exceptio of Sata Barbara Couty, employmet opportuity for Detal Hygieists is projected to grow rapidly across the regio. Ad although employmet for Registered Nurses (ad we assume Registered Nurse Practitioers) is t ecessarily projected to grow rapidly i all couties, because it is such a large workforce the umber of job opeigs will be sigificat across the regio. Studet Pipelie Data describig graduates of the various educatio programs teds to mirror fidigs i the aalysis of the curret workforce. Graduates of programs that lead to employmet i lowpayig support occupatios are comparatively racially ad ethically diverse. I geeral, as the level of educatio icreases ad as admissio slots become more competitive, racial ad ethic diversity dimiishes. White ad Asia studets v

16 UCSF Ceter for the Health Professios...it is amog these etry-level allied health support occupatios that much of the regio s employmet opportuity is projected to occur i the comig decade. The challege for policymakers ad other stakeholders is to better utilize these mechaisms, ad to leverage social ad cultural factors to promote those populatios that have historically bee margialized ito the upper raks of the health care workforce. are much more heavily represeted i programs that require advaced traiig ad which lead to higher payig jobs. Hispaic/Latio studets are heavily represeted i traiig programs that lead to employmet i support occupatios such as Detal Assistat, Medical Assistat, Pharmacy Techicia ad huma ad social services. However, Hispaic/Latio studets are also icreasigly well-represeted i social work programs at the master s level. Africa America studets are heavily represeted i Psychiatric Techicia programs ad certificate programs for Substace Abuse/Addictio Couselig ad Huma Services. I terms of represetatio i the geeral populatio, Africa America studets are ot ofte uderrepreseted i ay of the selected educatio programs. The Africa America populatio represets approximately 8% of the Los Ageles regio s total populatio. It is oly i Detal Hygiee programs where Africa America studets represet less tha 8% of the total body of graduates. Native America studets rarely form more tha 1% of the total umber of graduates for ay of the selected educatio programs ad i may cases they represet somewhat less tha 1% of the total. Agai, evaluated i terms of represetatio i the geeral populatio, Native America studets would ot ecessarily be cosidered uderrepreseted. The Native America populatio forms roughly 0.4% of the regio s populatio. It is rare that Native America studets represet less tha this as a proportio of the total umber of graduates i ay of the selected educatio programs, although there are examples where i certai years, for certai programs, ot a sigle Native America graduate is reported. Workforce Implicatios for the Los Ageles Regio The Los Ageles regio has a very diverse pool of labor available to participate i the allied health workforce. I the comig decades, this pool will become eve more racially ad ethically diverse. However, the more highly traied, highly paid allied health occupatios are far less represetative of the regio s racial ad ethic profile tha occupatios at the etrylevel (ad at the bottom of the wage scale). Furthermore, it is amog these etry-level allied health support occupatios that much of the regio s employmet opportuity is projected to occur i the comig decade. There are logical ad step-wise career ladders that are meat to lead from these support positios to more advaced ad better paid occupatios. These programs are resource-itesive ad require more ivestmet ad coordiatio amog educators. There are also complex factors of social ad cultural capital that circumscribe idividual decisios to pursue a career i a specific occupatio. The challege for policymakers ad other stakeholders is to better utilize these mechaisms, ad to leverage social ad cultural factors to promote those populatios that have historically bee margialized ito the upper raks of the health care workforce. vi

17 Allied Health Workforce i Califoria Aalysis: Los Ageles Regio Overview This report presets ad aalyzes data describig the demographic compositio of three pricipal groups i The Califoria Edowmet Los Ageles regio (Los Ageles, Sa Berardio, Riverside, Sata Barbara, ad Vetura couties): the geeral populatio, the curret health professios workforce ad graduates of selected Allied health educatio programs. Table 1 displays the list of selected occupatios ad the most commo level of educatioal attaimet required for etry ito practice. Table 1. Occupatioal Title ad Commo Educatioal Attaimet Occupatio Detal Assistat Detal Hygieist Medical Assistat Pharmacy Techicia Commo Educatioal Attaimet Certificate (1-2yr) Associate s Degree Certificate (1-2yr) Certificate (1-2yr) Geeral populatio data serve as importat bechmarks. This report examies demographic features of the curret populatio ad the projected populatio, which allows for compariso with the curret health professios workforce ad health professios studet bodies. It also icludes iformatio o curret wage levels ad projected occupatioal employmet, which ca be used to evaluate the relatioships betwee wages, employmet opportuity, ad demographic diversity. Demographic features of the curret populatio ad projected populatio are preseted first, i order to provide cotext for the report. This is followed by a brief sectio that broadly describes race/ethicity of the curret health professios workforce. The remaider of the report is a descriptio ad aalysis of labor market ad educatio data for early 20 selected occupatios ad educatio programs, which ca all be cosidered represetative of the allied health workforce. They iclude occupatios i health care support, health care practitioers ad health care techologists, ad i commuity ad social services. EMT/Paramedic Home Health Aide Nursig Assistat Licesed Vocatioal Nurse Nurse Practitioer (Registered Nurse) Physicia Assistat Psychiatric Techicia Metal Health Couselor Substace Abuse / Behavioral Disorder Couselor Metal Health/ Substace Abuse Social Worker Geriatric Social Worker Public/Commuity Health Educator Medical/Public Health Social Worker Commuity Health Worker Health Iterpreter Social/Huma Service Assistat Certificate (1-2yr) Certificate (<1yr) Certificate (<1yr) Certificate (1-2yr) Master s Degree Certificate (2yr)/Associate s/ Master s Degree (depedig o previous educatio ad experiece) Certificate (1-2yr)/Associate s Degree Master s Degree Certificate (2yr)/Associate s/bachelor s/ Master s Degree Master s Degree Bachelor s/master s Degree Bachelor s/master s Degree Bachelor s/master s Degree Certificate/O-the-job traiig Certificate/O-the-job traiig Certificate (1-2yr)/Associate s Degree/ Bachelor s Degree Page 1

18 UCSF Ceter for the Health Professios Data Limitatios Data sources used to describe the various compoets i this report are geerally the best available. However, each has limitatios that impact the level of aalysis that ca be coducted. First, existig data resources do ot allow for describig characteristics of the curret health professios regioal workforce at the level of idividual occupatios. Because of the small umber of sample observatios i the data set, occupatios eed to be aggregated ito larger groups ad thus oly broad descriptios are possible. Secod, i some cases there is oly a geeral relatioship betwee employmet data ad educatio program data. Occupatioal employmet data describe those workig i a specific occupatio while educatioal istitutios report graduates traied to work i a field, ot ecessarily i a particular job. I this case, whe employmet ad educatio data do ot directly correspod, we report educatio data describig programs that are geerally associated with the occupatio of iterest: those that are likely to provide useful traiig for that occupatio. For example, data describig the employmet coditios for Medical/ Public Health Social Workers has o direct aalogue i the educatio data. We ca oly report the profile for graduates of geeral public health or social work programs. Thus, oe should be cautious i iterpretig ad usig these data. Third, because the data describig employmet projectios ad educatio program graduates oly geerally correspod, they caot be combied to precisely balace the umber of jobs for allied health workers (demad) ad the umber of workers available (supply). For example, the umber of reported graduates from Medical Assistat programs i a give year may exceed the projected umber of aual job opeigs for Medical Assistats. This does ot ecessarily mea that there is a surplus; graduates may work i a related job or may move to fid employmet i aother regio. Iformatio o whether there is a surplus or a shortage i a particular occupatio is best obtaied directly from employers who kow the umber of vacat positios i their orgaizatio as well as how easy or difficult it is to fill ope positios. Educators may also have a sese of how easy or difficult it is for their graduates to fid employmet after graduatio. Some educators track the types of jobs ad workplace settigs i which their ew graduates are employed. Fourth, for several of the selected occupatios, the educatioal istitutios reportig program graduate data represet oly a sample of all the traiig opportuities for that occupatio. I such cases, the umber of reported graduates i a give year is likely a uderestimate of the total umber of graduates. We were able to idetify may educatioal programs that did ot report studet data. All educatioal programs that we were able to idetify, whether or ot studet data were reported, are listed i Appedices D1-D4. Although these data are subject to limitatios, there are several practical uses for this report. Descriptios of the demographic compositio of the curret workforce, despite beig overly geeral, illustrate the lack of racial ad ethic diversity amog health care occupatios that ivolve higher levels of educatio ad ear Page 2

19 Allied Health Workforce i Califoria Aalysis: Los Ageles Regio higher wages. The data describig educatio program graduates idicate how differet racial/ethic groups are potetially distributed as ew etrats ito the workforce. Estimates of employmet ad wages describe the wide variatio i both workforce size ad earigs across allied health occupatios. These estimates ca be combied with demographic data describig the curret workforce ad educatio program graduates, as well as the employmet projectios data, to highlight broad allied health workforce treds i the Los Ageles regio. These fidigs may be useful i guidig workforce plaig ad idetifyig areas, populatios, ad programs that could beefit from support i order to achieve the goal of a culturally competet workforce. Employmet Projectios There are two pricipal compoets of employmet projectios: occupatioal growth (ew jobs), drive largely by populatio growth ad growth i those idustries where such occupatios are cocetrated; ad attritio, the eed to replace workers who leave their jobs for whatever reaso (i most cases, a ew job or retiremet). For may occupatios, job opeigs caused by the eed to replace workers are more umerous tha job opeigs due to occupatioal ad idustrial growth. I some cases, for occupatios cocetrated i decliig idustrial sectors, the eed to replace workers is the oly source of job opeigs. umber of jobs. This is a importat distictio. A occupatio may be growig very rapidly, but if it s a small workforce, the umber of ew job opeigs will be relatively few. Coversely, a occupatio may be growig very slowly, but if it is a sizeable workforce, the umber of ew job opeigs ca be very large. For each selected occupatio we provide two rakigs: a fastest-growth rakig ad a most jobs rakig. The fastest-growth rakig measures oly ew job opeigs due to occupatioal growth, meaig it does ot factor i job opeigs due to replacemet eeds. The most jobs rakig takes ito accout both compoets of projected job opeigs: growth ad replacemet. The rakigs are expressed as a percetile, ad are measured agaist all of the other detailed occupatios for which projectios were made. For example, the fastest-growig rak for Detal Hygieists for Los Ageles Couty idicates Top 1%, this meas that job opeigs for Detal Hygieists are projected to grow more rapidly tha 99% of all other occupatios i Los Ageles Couty. The iterpretatio is the same for the most jobs rakig. If the most jobs rak colum for Detal Hygieists i Sata Barbara couty idicates Bottom 25%, this meas that the total umber of job opeigs for Detal Hygieists are projected to umber fewer tha 75% of all the other occupatios i Sata Barbara couty. There are two pricipal ways to measure projected growth i employmet: relative growth ad absolute growth. Relative growth idicates how rapidly the occupatio is growig. Absolute growth measures the total Also icluded is the average umber of job opeigs per year for each occupatio, by couty. This figure combies the projected umber of job opeigs due to growth ad job opeigs due to the eed to replace workers. Page 3

20 UCSF Ceter for the Health Professios Race/Ethicity Categories Used i Data Sources The racial/ethic categories used i this report are derived from multiple data sources, ad chage depedig o which source is beig used. I geeral, the categories iclude White, Africa America, Asia, Native America ad Hispaic or Latio. Other race is used whe presetig data describig the curret workforce as a category for groups whose umbers are too small for which to reliably calculate estimates; most ofte this icludes Multirace, Native Hawaiia ad Pacific Islader, ad it sometimes icludes Native America as well. The Native America race category always icludes America Idia ad Alaska Native. Filipios are also categorized differetly depedig upo the data source. I the Board of Registered Nursig survey data, Filipios are reported i their ow category. I all other data they are icluded i the Asia category. The category of Hispaic or Latio ethicity icludes people of ay race who selfidetify as either Hispaic or Latio. I the sectio describig graduates of educatio programs, we idetify oly those studets for whom race/ethicity is reported. Studets for whom race/ethicity is ukow or ureported are excluded from the aalysis. We also excluded the very small umber of studets who were reported as o-u.s. citizes except i the case of public health programs, where they are represeted i sigificat umbers. This caveat does ot apply to descriptios of the geder compositio of educatio program graduates; geder is fully idetified i the data. I those figures describig the racial/ ethic compositio of graduates of a specific educatio program, the umber of studets beig described is less tha the actual total umber of studets because some proportio (those for whom race/ethicity was ureported) has bee excluded. Thus, the proportios represeted will always sum to 100% because they represet 100% of the studets for whom race/ethicity was reported. For most educatio programs, i most years, the proportio of graduates whose race/ethicity is ukow is roughly 10%. Table 2 summarizes the differet racial ad ethic categories used by the differet data sources. Table 2. Racial/Ethic Categories by Data Source Racial/Ethic Categories by Data Source 2005 America Commuity Survey White, Asia, Africa America, Hispaic or Latio, Native America, Native Hawaiia, Other Pacific Islader, Multirace, Some other race Itegrated Postsecodary Educatio Data System (IPEDS)* White, Asia (icludes Native Hawaiia/other Pacific Islader), Africa America, Native America/Alaska, Hispaic or Latio Califoria Board of Registered Nursig Aual Schools Survey White, Asia o-filipio (icludes Native Hawaiia/other Pacific Islader), Filipio, Africa America, Native America, Hispaic or Latio Califoria Departmet of Fiace White, Africa America, Hispaic or Latio, Asia, Native America, Native Hawaiia/Other Pacific Islader, Multirace * IPEDS icludes the o-racial/ethic reportig category of o-u.s. citize. Page 4

21 Allied Health Workforce i Califoria Aalysis: Los Ageles Regio Los Ageles Regioal Populatio Data The figures ad tables i this sectio (Figures 1 ad 2 ad Tables 3 through 10) describe characteristics of the curret (2005) ad projected ( ) populatio for the Los Ageles Regio (Los Ageles, Riverside, Sa Berardio, Sata Barbara ad Vetura couties). These data provide a rich descriptio of the regio s populatio ad have implicatios for workforce plaig. Characteristics of the Curret Populatio (2005) Figure Racial/Ethic Compositio of the Geeral Populatio (Hispaic/Latio, White, Asia, Africa America): Los Ageles Regio 50% 45% 40% 35% 30% 25% 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% 2005 Populatio = 15,345,893 Hispaic White Asia Africa America Source: State of Califoria, Departmet of Fiace, July Figure Racial/Ethic Compositio of the Geeral Populatio (Multirace, Native America, Native Hawaiia/Pacific Islader): Los Ageles Regio 2.0% 1.8% 1.6% 1.4% 1.2% 1.0% 0.8% 0.6% 0.4% 0.2% 0.0% 2005 Populatio = 15,345,893 Multirace America Idia Pacific Islader Source: State of Califoria, Departmet of Fiace, July More tha 10 millio people about 67% of the regioal populatio live i Los Ageles Couty. It is by far the most populous ad racially ad ethically diverse couty of the five i the regio. Aother 25% of the regio s populatio lives i the Ilad Empire (Riverside ad Sa Berardio couties). The populatio demographics i these three couties largely determie the demographic compositio of the regio as a whole, due to their absolute size. The ethically Hispaic/Latio populatio is the largest racial/ethic group i two of these three couties (Los Ageles ad Sa Berardio). The other two couties i the regio, Vetura ad Sata Barbara, are much smaller i size ad are also less racially ad ethically diverse.

22 UCSF Ceter for the Health Professios Table Populatio Compositio (%) by Race/Ethicity ad by Couty (percetage) Couty White Hispaic/ Latio Asia Africa America Multirace Native America Native Hawaiia/ Pacific Islader Total Populatio Los Ageles ,216,326 Riverside ,923,731 Sa Berardio ,974,119 Sata Barbara ,084 Vetura ,633 Regioal Total ,345,893 Source: State of Califoria, Departmet of Fiace, July Table Hispaic/Latio Populatio by Selected Natioal Origi 6 : Los Ageles Regio Table Asia Populatio by Selected Group 8 : Los Ageles Regio Natioal Origi Percet of Los Ageles Regio s Hispaic/Latio Populatio Mexica 79.9 Cetral America 11.1 Other Hispaic South America 2.1 Puerto Rica 1.0 Cuba 0.8 Domiica 0.1 Source: 2005 America Commuity Survey PUMS Percet of Los Ageles Selected Group Regio s Asia Populatio Filipio 24.8 Chiese (ot Taiwaese) 24.8 Korea 15.7 Japaese 8.9 Vietamese 8.4 Asia Idia 7.2 Other Asia Cambodia 2.6 Thai 1.8 Idoesia 1.2 Other South Asia 1.1 Hmog or Laotia 0.5 Source: 2005 America Commuity Survey PUMS 6 This figure combies the cocepts of ethicity ad atioality. It icludes both the ative-bor ad foreig-bor populatio, ad both U.S. citize ad o-u.s. citize populatios that self-idetify as Hispaic i ethicity, but are also a member of oe of the specific groups. The category Other Hispaic icludes Cuba, Puerto Rica, Domiica Republica ad Spaiard, as well as ay other self-idetified Hispaic or Latio perso that did ot select oe of specific listed groups. 7 Other Hispaic/Latio icludes ay self-idetified Hispaic or Latio perso ot selectig oe of the idetified groups. 8 This figure combies the cocepts of race, ethicity, acestry ad atioality. It icludes both the ative-bor ad foreig-bor populatio, ad both U.S. citize ad o-u.s. citize populatios that self-idetify as Asia i race, but are also a member of oe of the selected groups. The category Other Asia icludes Laotia, Pakistai, Sri Laka, Bagladeshi, Malaysia, Hmog ad ay other self-idetified Asia perso who did ot choose oe of the specific listed groups. 9 Other Asia icludes ay self-idetified Asia ot selectig oe of the listed groups. Page 6

23 Allied Health Workforce i Califoria Aalysis: Los Ageles Regio Table Media Age by Race/Ethicity: Los Ageles Regio Table Number of Live Births to Wome Ages by Race/Ethicity: Los Ageles Regio Racial/Ethic Group Media Age Multirace 18.2 Hispaic/Latio 26.5 Africa America 33.1 Native Hawaiia/Pacific Islader 32.8 Native America 33.7 Asia 36.9 White 42.6 Source: 2005 America Commuity Survey PUMS Racial/Ethic Group Number of Live Births i 2005 Hispaic/Latio 18,075 Africa America 2299 White 2168 Asia 419 Native America 125 Native Hawaiia/Pacific Islader 18 Multirace N/A Source: Rad Califoria, Populatio & Demographic Statistics, Couty-Level Birth Statistics Table Geeral Fertility Rates 10 by Race/Ethicity: Los Ageles Regio Table 9. Educatioal Attaimet of Populatio Ages 25 ad Over by Race/Ethicity: Los Ageles Regio Racial/Ethic Group Geeral Fertility Rate Hispaic/Latio 94.8 Native Hawaiia/Pacific Islader 80.3 Asia 52.6 Africa America 52.2 Multirace 49.9 White 48.0 Native America 35.7 Source: State of Califoria, Departmet of Public Health, Birth Records Racial/Ethic Group Proportio of Populatio Over Age 25 Holdig Associate s Degree or Higher Asia 56.1% White 45.1% Africa America 32.2% Native America 30.1% Hispaic/Latio 12.8% Source: 2005 America Commuity Survey PUMS Table 10. Hispaic/Latio Populatio Ages by Self-Reported Ability to Speak Eglish: Los Ageles Regio Self-Reported Ability to Speak Eglish Proportio of Los Ageles Regio s Hispaic/Latio Populatio (Ages 18-64) Very Well 50.0% Well 19.3% Not Well 19.1% Not At All 11.6% Source: 2005 America Commuity Survey PUMS 10 Geeral fertility rates measure live births per 1,000 wome of child-bearig age (15-44 years old). Page 7

24 UCSF Ceter for the Health Professios I 2005, roughly 30% of the Hispaic/ Latio populatio of workig age reported speakig Eglish ot well or ot at all. 11 The exceptio is the Native Hawaiia/Pacific Islader populatio, but because the absolute size of this group is so much smaller i size, the impact of its high geeral fertility rate is ot comparable. 12 The Demographic Research Uit at the Califoria Departmet of Fiace provides a more techical explaatio of the modelig process at DEMOGRAP/ReportsPapers/ Projectios/P1/P1.asp Summary Curret Populatio The strikig characteristic of the curret populatio i the Los Ageles regio is that the ethically Hispaic/Latio populatio is early a majority-miority, i cotrast to the state as a whole. However, there is substatial variatio i the racial/ethic compositio of the regio across the differet couties. Los Ageles Couty is by far the largest ad most diverse i the regio. Niety-two percet of the populatio lives i three of the five couties that costitute the Los Ageles regio: Los Ageles, Sa Berardio ad Riverside. The demographic compositio of the regio is largely determied by these three couties, due to their absolute size. Data idicate that i 2005 roughly 45% of the regio s geeral populatio was Hispaic/ Latio, which traslates ito roughly 6.7 millio people (of which early 70% reside i Los Ageles Couty). Of these 6.7 millio, approximately 80% self-idetified as Mexica by atioal origi ad aother 11% as Cetral America. The Hispaic/Latio populatio is also cosiderably youger the other racial/ethic groups (except those who are idetified as Multirace). I 2005, the media age amog Hispaics or Latios was 26.5 years of age. By cotrast, the media age for Asias was 36.9 ad 42.6 for Whites. There are several other importat characteristics of the regio s Hispaic/ Latio populatio, icludig fertility rates amog birth-age wome, the self-reported ability to speak Eglish amog the workig age populatio (ages 18-64) ad the level of educatioal attaimet amog the populatio ages 25 or older. I 2005, roughly 30% of the Hispaic/Latio populatio of workig age reported speakig Eglish ot well or ot at all. Additioally, the level of educatioal attaimet amog the regio s Hispaic/Latio populatio ages 25 ad over is comparatively low. I 2005, approximately 13% of this subpopulatio reported havig eared a associate s degree or higher, which is a sigificatly smaller proportio tha other racial/ ethic groups. The geeral fertility rate amog Hispaic/Latio wome of birth age (15-44) was greater tha other racial/ethic groups 11, ad the umber of live births i 2005 to year-olds was substatially greater amog Hispaic/Latio wome tha i other racial/ethic groups. These are all importat factors that shape the compositio of the potetial regioal labor force geerally, ad by extesio the compositio of the pool of labor available to the allied health workforce. Regioal Populatio Projectios by Age ad by Race/Ethicity Figure 3 describes the projected regioal populatio by age; figures 4 through 6 describe the projected regioal populatio by race/ethicity. Populatio projectios are based o models desiged by the Califoria Departmet of Fiace, Demographic Research Uit 12. The key iputs to these models are populatio couts from the 2000 Cesus ad data describig fertility ad mortality rates ad migratio patters. The models make certai assumptios about the differet rates of survival ad fertility, ad about the differet migratio patters for specific demographic groups that are coverted ito umeric factors. These factors are applied to the 2000 Cesus populatio couts ad projectios are made by age, geder ad race/ethicity for each couty i Califoria. Page 8

25 Allied Health Workforce i Califoria Aalysis: Los Ageles Regio Figure Populatio Projectios for Califoria s Populatio over the Age of 65: Los Ageles Regio (i millios) Ages 65 to 80 Over 80 Source: State of Califoria, Departmet of Fiace, July Figure 3 shows that betwee 2005 ad 2030, the regioal populatio is projected to experiece tremedous growth i the retiremet age populatio (65 years of age ad over). This group is projected to grow by roughly 120%, from 1.6 millio to roughly 3.5 millio. Such substatial growth i this segmet of the populatio has importat implicatios for the size of the health professios workforce eeded to respod to a expected icrease i demad for health services. Figure Projected Populatio by Race Ethicity: Los Ageles Regio Both the ethically Hispaic/Latio populatio ad the Asia populatio are projected to icrease as proportios of the geeral populatio i the Los Ageles regio. By 2030, it is expected that roughly 54% of the regio s populatio will be Hispaic/Latio. Betwee 2005 ad 2030, the regioal Asia populatio is projected to icrease from 10% to 11% of the total. Both the White ad the Africa America populatios are expected to declie as proportios of the total. For the regio s White populatio this declie will be dramatic. Figure Projected Populatio Ages 18 ad Uder by Race/Ethicity: Los Ageles Regio 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Native America Multirace Africa America Asia White Hispaic Source: State of Califoria, Departmet of Fiace, July Betwee 2005 ad 2030, the regioal populatio is projected to experiece tremedous growth i the retiremet age populatio (65 years of age ad over). This group is projected to grow by roughly 120%, from 1.6 millio to roughly 3.5 millio. 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Native America Multirace Africa America Asia White Hispaic Source: State of Califoria, Departmet of Fiace, July The regio s populatio uder the age of 18 represets the future labor force, ad by extesio the pool of labor available to participate i the allied health workforce. By 2030, it is projected that approximately 64% of the regio s populatio uder the age of 18 will be ethically Hispaic/Latio. Page 9

26 UCSF Ceter for the Health Professios By 2030, it is expected that early six out of every te residets of Los Ageles Couty will be Hispaic/Latio. Figure Projected Populatio Ages 65 ad Over by Race/Ethicity: Los Ageles Regio 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Native America Multirace Africa America Asia Hispaic White Source: State of Califoria, Departmet of Fiace, July The regio s populatio over the age of 65 represets a group that is expected to demad health services i greater amouts. I 2005, well over half of the populatio i this age group was racially White. I the comig decades, the Hispaic/Latio populatio will form a larger proportio of this populatio. By 2030 it is projected that these two groups will be early equal i size. Summary of Regioal Populatio Projectios By 2030, it is projected that the Hispaic/Latio populatio will be the largest racial/ethic group i four of the regio s five couties (the exceptio is Sata Barbara Couty). By cotrast, the regio s racially White populatio is projected to declie ot oly as a proportio of the regio s total populatio, but i umber as well. Projectios idicate that the White populatio will declie by roughly 400,000 over the comig decades. This declie will be experieced most acutely i Los Ageles Couty, where by 2030, the White populatio is expected to shrik to just 75% of its 2005 total. I terms of the absolute chage i total populatio projected to occur betwee 2005 ad 2030, Los Ageles, Riverside ad Sa Berardio couties rak first, secod ad third amog all couties i the state. As a result, the total populatio i the regio is Table 11. Los Ageles Regio Populatio Estimates by Race/Ethicity: 2005 ad 2030 (as a percetage) Regio White Hispaic/ Latio Asia Africa America Multirace Native America Native Hawaiia/ Pacific Islader Los Ageles Riverside Sa Berardio Sata Barbara Vetura Regioal Total Source: Califoria Departmet of Fiace Page 10

27 Allied Health Workforce i Califoria Aalysis: Los Ageles Regio projected to grow by 4.5 millio people. Roughly 88% of this icrease will come from growth i the ethically Hispaic/ Latio populatio. By 2030, it is expected that early six out of every te residets of Los Ageles Couty will be Hispaic/Latio. The Asia populatio is projected to grow most rapidly i Riverside ad Sa Berardio couties. The Africa America populatio is projected to declie i Los Ageles Couty, but to grow sigificatly i Riverside, Sa Berardio ad Sata Barbara couties. All other racial/ethic groups are projected to experiece growth, but because they are curretly small i absolute size, their relative proportios amog the regio s total populatio are expected to grow oly slightly. I additio to the projected shifts i the racial ad ethic compositio of the regio s populatio over the comig decades, growth i the retiremet age populatio will also be a importat pheomeo. This group is projected to grow by approximately 120%, from 1.6 millio to roughly 3.5 millio. Such substatial growth i this segmet of the populatio has importat implicatios for the size of the health professios workforce eeded to respod to a expected icrease i demad for health services. While there are several importat factors that explai these projected populatio chages, the followig stad out. Oe is the fact that the geeral fertility rate amog Hispaic/ Latio wome is cosiderably higher compared with other groups; aother is the very large umber of live births to Hispaic/ Latio wome betwee the ages of 15 ad 19. The geeral fertility rate amog Hispaic/ Latio wome of birth age is roughly twice the fertility rate of White wome. Ad the umber of live births i 2005 to youg Hispaic/Latio wome betwee the ages of 15 ad 19 was early ie times as large as the umber of live births to youg White wome or youg Africa America wome. Equally, the media age of the regio s Hispaic/Latio populatio is roughly 16 years youger tha the media age of the regio s White populatio. It is a youg populatio group overall ad is gettig youger as a result of very high tee birth rates. These pheomea ot oly are drivig the dramatic chages that will trasform the populatio i the Los Ageles regio, but have importat implicatios with respect to educatioal preparatio, ad thus the pool of labor available to participate i the regio s future allied health workforce. Curret Regioal Workforce Because this aalysis is focused o a sub-state geographic regio we were ot able to obtai estimates of the demographic compositio for idividual occupatios. The umber of sample observatios i the 2005 America Commuity Survey is too small to produce reliable estimates at that level of detail. The secod best optio is to use broader occupatioal groupigs derived from the Stadard Occupatio Code (SOC) classificatio system. Page 11

28 UCSF Ceter for the Health Professios 13 The specific occupatios that are represeted by these broad groups are detailed i Appedix A: Detailed Listig of Occupatios Represeted by Broad Stadard Occupatio Code Groups Used i this Report. All of the occupatios selected for aalysis are represeted by oe of several broad groups 13 : Health Diagosig ad Treatig Practitioers (SOC ) Health Techologists ad Techicias Health Care Support Occupatios Commuity ad Social Service Couselors Commuity Social Service Social Workers Miscellaeous Commuity ad Social Service Specialists Tables 12 to 19 preset iformatio describig the racial/ethic compositio of these broad groups of health care occupatios i the Los Ageles regio. Table Racial/Ethic Compositio of Health Diagosig ad Treatig Practitioers: Los Ageles Regio Racial/Ethic Group Proportio of Workforce White 49.4% Asia 29.3% Hispaic/Latio 11.9% Africa America 7.2% Multirace 1.2% Other Race* 1.0% * Other race icludes America Idia ad Native Hawaiia. Source: 2005 America Commuity Survey PUMS Health Diagosig ad Treatig Practitioer occupatios are those that geerally require the highest levels of educatio ad are the highest paid i health care. Occupatios selected for aalysis i this report that are amog this broad occupatioal group are Registered Nurse Practitioers ad Physicia Assistats. Roughly eight out of te health professioals i this broad group are either White or Asia. Table Racial/Ethic Compositio of Health Techologists ad Techicias: Los Ageles Regio Racial/Ethic Group Proportio of Workforce White 37.2% Hispaic/Latio 28.3% Asia 18.6% Africa America 13.7% Multirace 1.4% Other Race* 0.8% * Other race icludes America Idia ad Native Hawaiia. Source: 2005 America Commuity Survey PUMS Health Techologists ad Techicias iclude several of the selected allied health occupatios: Detal Hygieists, Emergecy Medical Techicias ad Paramedics, Pharmacy Techicias, Psychiatric Techicias, ad Licesed Vocatioal Nurses. These occupatios typically require a associate s degree for etry ito practice, ad while certai of these occupatios ear excellet wages, take together they are less well-paid the are diagosig ad treatig practitioers. The racial ad ethic compositio of this group is cosiderably more diverse tha diagosig ad treatig practitioers. Table Racial/Ethic Compositio of Health Care Support Occupatios: Los Ageles Regio Racial/Ethic Group Proportio of Workforce Hispaic/Latio 44.3% White 27.0% Asia 15.2% Africa America 10.9% Multirace 1.5% Other Race* 1.1% * Other race icludes America Idia ad Native Hawaiia. Source: 2005 America Commuity Survey PUMS Page 12

29 Allied Health Workforce i Califoria Aalysis: Los Ageles Regio Health Care Support occupatios are etrylevel health care positios that are at the bottom of the wage scale ad i terms of educatio, typically require o more tha a oe-year traiig program. I fact, may who work i these occupatios are traied o the job. Occupatios selected for aalysis i this report that are represeted by this broad group iclude: Nursig Aides, Home Health Aides, Detal Assistats, ad Medical Assistats. Roughly 44% of this regioal workforce is Hispaic/ Latio. It is far more racially ad ethically diverse tha health care occupatios that require higher levels of educatio, ad for which wages are sigificatly higher. Table Racial/Ethic Compositio of Commuity ad Social Service Couselors Holdig a Master s Degree or Higher: Los Ageles Regio Racial/Ethic Group Proportio of Workforce White 54.1% Hispaic/Latio 22.4% Asia 11.9% Africa America 8.4% Other Race* 3.2% * Other race icludes America Idia ad Native Hawaiia. Source: 2005 America Commuity Survey PUMS Table 16. Racial/Ethic Compositio of Commuity ad Social Service Couselors Holdig a Bachelor s Degree or Less: Los Ageles Regio Racial/Ethic Group Proportio of Workforce Hispaic/Latio 32.2% White 31.6% Africa America 19.1% Asia 13.2% Other Race* 3.9% * Other race icludes America Idia ad Native Hawaiia. Source: 2005 America Commuity Survey PUMS Table Racial/Ethic Compositio of Commuity ad Social Service Social Workers Holdig a Master s Degree or Higher: Los Ageles Regio Racial/Ethic Group Proportio of Workforce White 67.4% Hispaic/Latio 14.7% Africa America 9.9% Asia 6.0% Other Race* 2.0% * Other race icludes Multirace, America Idia ad Native Hawaiia. Source: 2005 America Commuity Survey PUMS The broad group of Commuity ad Social Service Couselors icludes the followig occupatios selected for aalysis i this report: Substace Abuse & Behavioral Disorder Couselors ad Metal Health Couselors. This group was divided ito two, i order to see how the racial ad ethic compositio chages as the level of educatioal attaimet chages. The data idicate that there is less racial ad ethic diversity as the level of educatioal attaimet icreases. Roughly 32% of Social ad Commuity Service Couselors who hold a bachelor s degree or less are Hispaic/Latio. But amog couselors holdig a master s degree or higher, this proportio falls to 22%. This is also true for Africa America ad Asia Social ad Commuity Service Couselors; they are less represeted amog couselors with higher levels of educatioal attaimet. Page 13

30 UCSF Ceter for the Health Professios Table Racial/Ethic Compositio of Commuity ad Social Service Social Workers Holdig a Bachelor s Degree or Less: Los Ageles Regio Racial/Ethic Group Proportio of Workforce Hispaic/Latio 36.6% White 26.5% Africa America 19.7% Asia 14.7% Other Race* 2.5% * Other race icludes Multirace, America Idia ad Native Hawaiia. Source: 2005 America Commuity Survey PUMS Table Racial/Ethic Compositio of Miscellaeous Commuity ad Social Service Specialists: Los Ageles Regio Racial/Ethic Group Proportio of Workforce White 38.1% Hispaic/Latio 36.8% Africa America 17.4% Asia 6.2% Other Race* 1.5% * Other race icludes Multirace, America Idia ad Native Hawaiia. Source: 2005 America Commuity Survey PUMS The broad group of Commuity ad Social Service Social Workers icludes the followig occupatios selected for aalysis i this report: Medical ad Public Health Social Workers ad Metal Health ad Substace Abuse Social Workers. This group has also bee divided ito two separate groups i order to see how the racial ad ethic compositio chages as the level of educatioal attaimet chages. As with Social ad Commuity Service Couselors, the data idicate that there is less racial ad ethic diversity as the level of educatioal attaimet icreases. For example, Hispaic/Latio is the largest racial/ethic group amog social workers who hold a bachelor s degree or less, formig roughly 37% of the total. But amog social workers that hold a master s degree or higher, they represet just 15% of the total. This is also true for Africa America ad Asia social workers; they are less represeted amog social workers with higher levels of educatioal attaimet. The broad group of miscellaeous commuity ad social service specialists icludes both Health Educators ad Social ad Huma Service Assistats. This later group of occupatios is rather broad, but icludes etry-level paraprofessioals that would be geerally cosidered part of the allied health workforce. The level of educatioal attaimet amog commuity ad social service specialists rages from 2-year certificate programs to the master s level. Due to limitatios of the data, it was ot possible to produce estimates that would idicate how racial ad ethic compositio chages based o educatioal attaimet. However, oe would expect segmets of this workforce where educatioal attaimet was higher (ad thus higher wages) to be less racially ad ethically diverse by compariso. Summary of Curret Regioal Workforce Although it was ot possible to aalyze the regio s allied health care workforce at the level of idividual occupatios, groupig the workforce ito broader occupatioal categories illustrates some importat characteristics. There is clearly a Page 14

31 Allied Health Workforce i Califoria Aalysis: Los Ageles Regio patter whereby racial ad ethic diversity dimiishes i the workforce as the level of required educatio, with its accompayig higher wages, icreases. Amog the most highly paid, highly traied health care professioals there is the least amout of racial ad ethic diversity. Ad i commuity/social service occupatios, it is clear that couselors ad social workers who have higher levels of traiig, ad by assumptio who ear more, are less racially ad ethically diverse. Coversely, the racial ad ethic compositio of health care support occupatios, which ofte require o more tha o-the-job traiig ad are at the bottom of the wage scale, is very diverse. By cotrast, licesed Registered Detal Assistats have a cosiderably wider scope of practice that ivolves may more techical procedures. I fact, there is a fair amout of overlap betwee the Registered Detal Assistat scope of practice ad the registered Detal Hygieist scope of practice. The key differece is that for those procedures that Registered Detal Assistats ad Registered Detal Hygieists share i commo, state regulatios require that a supervisig Detist be physically preset whe performed by the Detal Assistat. The registered Detal Hygieist would be allowed to perform the same procedure without a Detist physically preset. 14 Labor Market ad Educatio Data by Occupatio Detal Assistat Descriptio Registered Detal Assistats are licesed i Califoria by the Committee o Detal Auxiliaries. However, Detal Assistats may also work as ulicesed professioals. By law, ulicesed Detal Assistats perform oly very basic tasks to support a detist. Their scope of practice icludes preparig patiets for treatmet, obtaiig detal records, sterilizig ad disifectig istrumets ad equipmet, preparig trays of istrumets ad a limited umber of techical procedures. Employmet, Wage ad Educatio Data Tables 20 ad 21 display iformatio o curret employmet, employmet-to-populatio, wage ad expected occupatioal growth for Detal Assistats i the Los Ageles regio. Figures 7 ad 8 describe the geder ad racial/ ethic compositio for reported graduates of detal assistat programs i the Los Ageles regio durig the period Table Detal Assistat Estimated Employmet, Employmet per Populatio ad Media Hourly/Aual Wage by Couty Couty Estimated Employmet Estimated Employmet per 100,000 Populatio Media Hourly Media Aual Los Ageles 9, $ $ 27,664 Riverside/Sa Berardio 3, $ $ 28,184 Vetura $ $ 33,738 Sata Barbara $ $ 33, A table listig allowable duties by type of detal auxiliary is available o the COMDA website at Page 15

32 UCSF Ceter for the Health Professios Table Detal Assistat Employmet Projectios/Rakigs by Couty Couty Fastest Growth Rak Most New Jobs Rak Avg. No. of Job Opeigs/Year Los Ageles Top 1% Top 15% 713 Riverside/Sa Berardio Top 1% Top 15% 242 Vetura Top 10% Top 20% 42 Sata Barbara Top 40% Top 25% 24 Figure Geder Compositio for Reported Graduates of Detal Assistat Programs: Los Ageles Regio 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% N =1481 N =1500 N =1292 N =1546 N =1550 Me Wome Source: Itegrated Postsecodary Educatio Data System (IPEDS) Summary: Detal Assistat The regioal Detal Assistat workforce is comparatively large ad is projected to grow rapidly ad offer sigificat opportuities for employmet over the ext decade. Occupatioal growth is projected to be most sigificat i Los Ageles, Riverside ad Sa Berardio couties. This is most likely the result of the expected populatio growth i these three couties. However, estimated wages are higher i both Sata Barbara ad Vetura couties. Because employmet-topopulatio ratios are as great or greater i both of these couties compared with the rest of the regio, it seems ulikely that higher wages are the result of a smaller supply of workers. Figure Racial/Ethic Compositio for Reported Graduates of Detal Assistat Programs: Los Ageles Regio 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% Detal Assistat programs are maily oe year i legth, resultig i a certificate. The most frequet istitutio type is private, forprofit ad less tha two-years. The schools reportig to IPEDS are oly a sample of all those that trai Detal Assistats i the Los Ageles regio. However, we believe this is a represetative sample of both public ad private, for-profit ad ot-for-profit, twoyear ad less tha two-year programs. 10% 0% N =1375 N =1449 N =1219 N =1476 N =1447 Native America Asia Africa America White Hispaic or Latio Source: Itegrated Postsecodary Educatio Data System (IPEDS) Graduates of Detal Assistat programs are predomiately female; 85%-90% of reported graduates are wome. Roughly six out of Page 16

33 Allied Health Workforce i Califoria Aalysis: Los Ageles Regio te graduates are ethically Hispaic or Latio (55-60%). Both the Hispaic/Latio ad Africa America populatios are overrepreseted amog graduates of Detal Assistat programs compared to their represetatio i the geeral populatio. The schools producig greatest umber of graduates i the Los Ageles regio iclude: Uited Educatio Istitute (multiple campuses) Bryma College (multiple campuses) America Career College Los Ageles They remove calculus, stais ad plaque from teeth; perform root plaig as a periodotal therapy; take ad develop detal x-rays; ad apply cavity-prevetive agets such as fluorides ad pit ad fissure sealats. With additioal traiig, ad uder the direct supervisio of a Detist, Registered Detal Hygieists i Califoria ca deliver local aesthesia as well as itrous oxide ad oxyge. Employmet ad Wage Data Tables 22 ad 23 display iformatio o curret employmet, employmet-topopulatio ratios, wages ad expected occupatioal growth for Detal Hygieists i the Los Ageles regio. Figures 9 ad 10 describe the geder ad racial/ethic compositio for reported graduates of Detal Hygieist programs i the Los Ageles regio durig the period Table Detal Hygieist Estimated Employmet, Employmet per Populatio ad Media Hourly/Aual Wage by Couty Detal Hygiee Descriptio Registered Detal Hygieists (RDH) are licesed i Califoria by the Committee o Detal Auxiliaries. The RDH scope of practice icludes removig soft ad hard deposits from teeth, teachig patiets how to practice good oral hygiee ad providig other prevetive detal care. Hygieists examie patiets teeth ad gums ad record the presece of diseases or abormalities. Couty Estimated Employmet Estimated Employmet per 100,000 Populatio Media Hourly Media Aual Los Ageles 6, $ $ 71,344 Riverside/Sa Berardio 1, $ $ 71,822 Vetura $ $ 76,752 Sata Barbara $ $ 75,483 Table Detal Hygieist Employmet Projectios/ Rakigs by Couty Couty Fastest Growth Rak Most New Jobs Rak Average Number of Job Opeigs/Yr. Los Ageles Top 1% Top 25% 254 Riverside/Sa Berardio Top 1% Top 30% 78 Vetura Top 10% Top 40% 20 Sata Barbara Top 25% Top 50% 4 Page 17

34 UCSF Ceter for the Health Professios Figure Geder Compositio for Reported Graduates of Detal Hygiee Programs: Los Ageles Regio 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% N =159 N =173 N =179 N=206 N =195 Me Wome Source: Itegrated Postsecodary Educatio Data System (IPEDS) Figure Racial/Ethic Compositio for Reported Graduates of Detal Hygiee Programs: Los Ageles Regio 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% N =159 N =173 N =179 N=206 N =195 Native America Africa America Hispaic or Latio Asia White Source: Itegrated Postsecodary Educatio Data System (IPEDS) Los Ageles, Riverside ad Sa Berardio couties. This is very likely the result of the expected populatio growth i these three couties. The Registered Detal Hygieist workforce is roughly two-thirds the size of the Detal Assistat workforce, but wages are roughly two to three times as high. Six of the regio s eight Detal Hygiee educatio programs offer degrees at the associate s level. The two largest programs i terms of the aual umber of graduates produced are at the Uiversity of Souther Califoria (USC) ad Loma Lida, both of which offer baccalaureate programs. The regio produces roughly 175 to 200 graduates per year; over 90% are wome. Roughly half of these graduates are White. I combiatio, White ad Asia graduates accout for approximately 65-75% of the graduatig studet body each year. Hispaic/ Latio graduates represet roughly 20% of the aual umber of graduates, ad just 5% are Africa Americas. There are very few Native America studets pursig educatio i Detal Hygiee i the Los Ageles regio. I ay give year the total umber of reported graduates rages from zero to five. Programs i the Los Ageles regio iclude: Cerritos College Oxard College Pasadea City College US C Summary: Detal Hygieist The Registered Detal Hygieist is oe of the higher paid occupatios i the allied health workforce. It is also oe of the fastest-growig occupatios i the Los Ageles regio. Overall, growth is expected to occur most rapidly i West Los Ageles College Loma Lida Riverside Commuity College Sa Joaqui Valley College Page 18

35 Allied Health Workforce i Califoria Aalysis: Los Ageles Regio Medical Assistat Descriptio The Medical Assistat is a ulicesed occupatio. Medical Assistats perform a variety of admiistrative ad cliical tasks to keep the offices of physicias, podiatrists, chiropractors, ad other health practitioers ruig smoothly. The scope of practice of Medical Assistats varies from office to office, depedig o the locatio ad size of the practice ad the practitioer s specialty. I small practices, Medical Assistats are usually geeralists, hadlig both admiistrative ad cliical duties ad reportig directly to a office maager, physicia, or other health practitioer. I larger practices ad cliics, Medical Assistats ted to specialize i a particular area, uder the supervisio of departmet admiistrators. Cliical duties vary accordig to state law ad iclude takig medical histories ad recordig vital sigs, explaiig treatmet procedures to patiets, preparig patiets for examiatio ad assistig the physicia durig the examiatio. Employmet ad Wage Data Tables 24 ad 25 display iformatio o curret employmet, employmet-topopulatio ratios, wages ad expected occupatioal growth for Medical Assistats i the Los Ageles regio. Figures 11 ad 12 describe the geder ad racial/ethic compositio for reported graduates of Medical Assistat programs i the Los Ageles regio durig the period Table Medical Assistat Estimated Employmet, Employmet per Populatio ad Media Hourly/Aual Wage by Couty Couty Estimated Employmet Estimated Employmet per 100,000 Populatio Media Hourly Media Aual Los Ageles 15, $ $ 29,952 Riverside/Sa Berardio 7, $ $ 25,126 Vetura 1, $ $ 29,619 Sata Barbara $ $ 27,019 Table Medical Assistat Employmet Projectios/Rakigs by Couty Couty Fastest Growth Rak Most New Jobs Rak Average Number of Job Opeigs/Yr. Los Ageles Top 1% Top 15% 819 Riverside/Sa Berardio Top 10% Top 15% 269 Vetura Top 1% Top 15% 89 Sata Barbara Top 25% Top 10% 56 Page 19

36 UCSF Ceter for the Health Professios Figure Geder Compositio for Reported Graduates of Medical Assistat Programs: Los Ageles Regio 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% N=4846 N = 5134 N = 5518 N=7052 N=7025 Me Wome Source: Itegrated Postsecodary Educatio Data System (IPEDS) Figure Racial/Ethic Compositio for Reported Graduates of Medical Assistat Programs: Los Ageles Regio 70% sigificat employmet opportuity. The Medical Assistat workforce is uique i that sigificat employmet growth is projected to occur across all five couties i the regio. Estimated wages are highest i Los Ageles ad Vetura couties, but wage differeces amog the differet couties is fairly small. There are more tha 40 Medical Assistat traiig programs i the Los Ageles regio reportig studet data, ad the aual umber of graduates appears to be icreasig over time. Programs are maily oe year i legth, resultig i a certificate ad are most frequetly offered by private, for-profit, less tha two-year istitutios. The schools reportig to IPEDS are oly a subset of all those that trai Medical Assistats i the Los Ageles regio. However, we believe they are a represetative sample of public ad private, for-profit ad ot-for-profit, two-year ad less tha two-year programs. 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% N=4542 N=4960 N = 5155 N=6585 N=6550 Native America Asia Africa America White Hispaic or Latio Source: Itegrated Postsecodary Educatio Data System (IPEDS) Summary: Medical Assistat The Medical Assistat workforce is oe of the largest amog the broader allied health workforce; it is roughly oe-ad-ahalf times as large as the Detal Assistat workforce. It is projected to be both a fast-growig occupatio, ad, because of its absolute size, oe that will offer Approximately ie out of every te Medical Assistat program graduates are wome ad roughly six out of every te graduates is Hispaic/Latio. Africa Americas are also overrepreseted amog Medical Assistat program graduates compared with their represetatio i the geeral populatio. The umber of Native America graduates is quite small, but mirrors represetatio i the geeral populatio. The largest programs (umber of graduates) are: America Career College Los Ageles Bryma College Reseda Bryma College Los Ageles Bryma College Gardea Bryma College Alhambra Bryma College Sa Berardio Uited Educatio Istitute Los Ageles Page 20

37 Allied Health Workforce i Califoria Aalysis: Los Ageles Regio Pharmacy Techicia Descriptio Pharmacy Techicia is a registered professio i Califoria. As of Jauary 2004, prior experiece as a Pharmacy Clerk or eve as a Pharmacy Techicia ceased to be a acceptable qualificatio for registratio i the state. Registered Pharmacy Techicias must meet educatioal stadards defied by the Califoria State Board of Pharmacy. The scope of work for Pharmacy Techicias ecompasses routie tasks meat to help prepare prescribed medicatio for patiets, such as coutig tablets ad labelig bottles. Those workig i retail or mail-order pharmacies have varyig resposibilities such as receivig writte prescriptios or requests for prescriptio refills from patiets, preparig prescriptios, which may ivolve mixig medicatios; ad establishig ad maitaiig patiet profiles, preparig isurace claims ad maagig ivetory. I hospitals, ursig homes, ad assisted-livig facilities, Pharmacy Techicias have added resposibilities, icludig readig patiets charts ad preparig ad deliverig the medicie to patiets. Employmet ad Wage Data Tables 26 ad 27 display iformatio o curret employmet, employmet-to-populatio ratios, wages ad expected occupatioal growth for Pharmacy Techicias i the Los Ageles regio. Figures 13 ad 14 describe the geder ad racial/ethic compositio for reported graduates of Pharmacy Techicia programs i the Los Ageles regio durig the period Table Pharmacy Techicia Estimated Employmet, Employmet per Populatio ad Media Hourly/Aual Wage by Couty Couty Estimated Employmet Estimated Employmet per 100,000 Populatio Media Hourly Media Aual Los Ageles 6, $ $ 33,654 Riverside/Sa Berardio 2, $ $ 31,824 Vetura $ $ 33,114 Sata Barbara $ $ 35,152 Table Pharmacy Techicia Employmet Projectios/Rakigs by Couty Couty Fastest Growth Rak Most New Jobs Rak Average Number of Job Opeigs/Yr. Los Ageles Top 20% Top 30% 208 Riverside/Sa Berardio Top 50% Top 30% 80 Vetura Top 10% Top 50% 13 Sata Barbara Bottom 25% Top 50% 7 Page 21

38 UCSF Ceter for the Health Professios Figure Geder Compositio for Reported Graduates of Pharmacy Techicia Programs: Los Ageles Regio 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% Although the rate of growth i Riverside ad Sa Berardio couties is projected to be modest, the umber of projected aual job opeigs raks i the top oe-third of all occupatios. There will be comparatively few employmet opportuities for Pharmacy Techicias i Sata Barbara Couty. 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% N =1216 N=1226 N=1223 N =1442 N =1892 Me Woma Source: Itegrated Postsecodary Educatio Data System (IPEDS) Figure Racial/Ethic Compositio for Reported Graduates of Pharmacy Techicia Programs: Los Ageles Regio 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% N =1097 N =1160 N =1161 N =1329 N =1726 Native America Africa America Asia White Hispaic or Latio Source: Itegrated Postsecodary Educatio Data System (IPEDS) Summary: Pharmacy Techicia The Pharmacy Techicia workforce is smaller i size tha Detal Assistats ad Medical Assistats (it is roughly equal i size to the Detal Hygieist workforce). Estimated wages are comparable across the differet couties i the regio ad are slightly higher tha both Detal Assistats ad Medical Assistats. Projectios idicate that employmet opportuities for Pharmacy Techicias will be relatively fast-growig i both Los Ageles ad Vetura couties. There are approximately 40 Pharmacy Techicia traiig programs i the Los Ageles regio reportig studet data. The aual umber of graduates appears to be icreasig over time (though this may simply be the result of more programs reportig studet data). Programs take oe to two years to complete, result i a certificate, ad are most frequetly offered by private, for-profit, less-tha-two-year istitutios. The schools reportig to IPEDS are oly a subset of those that trai Pharmacy Techicias i the Los Ageles regio. However, we believe they are a represetative sample of public ad private, for-profit ad ot-for-profit, two-year ad less tha two-year programs. Approximately 75% of Pharmacy Techicia program graduates are wome ad, as well, roughly 75% of graduates are o-white. Hispaic/Latio graduates represet the largest racial/ethic group, but both Asia ad Africa Americas are heavily represeted as well. The umber of Native America graduates is quite small, but mirrors represetatio i the geeral populatio (roughly 0.5% of the total). The largest programs (umber of graduates) are: Uited Educatio Istitute Los Ageles America Career College Los Ageles Bryma College Los Ageles Bryma College Alhambra Bryma College Torrace Career Colleges of America South Gate North-West College West Covia Page 22

39 Allied Health Workforce i Califoria Aalysis: Los Ageles Regio give appropriate emergecy care. Whe ecessary, they also trasport the patiet. Two wage levels are preseted i the data below. This is because EMTs ad Paramedics are grouped together ad media wages give a misleadig picture of earigs. We kow that the EMT ad Paramedic workforce is geerally made up of two-thirds EMTs ad oe-third Paramedics 16. EMTs udergo less traiig ad make sigificatly less tha do Paramedics. Thus the media wage is biased dowward due to the more heavily represeted EMTs. We preset the wage estimate at the 90th percetile, believig that it better represets what Paramedics ear. Someoe who ears a wage at the 90th percetile is earig more tha 90% of other workers i that same occupatio. EMTs ad Paramedics 15 Descriptio EMTs ad Paramedics provide vital care to patiets uder emergecy coditios. Typically they are dispatched to the scee by a 911 operator ad ofte work with police ad fire departmet persoel. At the scee of a emergecy, EMTs ad Paramedics determie the ature ad extet of a patiet s coditio, ad, followig strict rules ad guidelies, Employmet ad Wage Data Tables 28 through 30 display iformatio o curret employmet, employmet-to-populatio ratios, wages ad expected occupatioal growth for EMTs ad Paramedics i the Los Ageles regio. Figures 15 ad 16 describes the geder ad racial/ethic compositio for reported graduates of EMT ad Paramedic programs i the Los Ageles regio for the years 2004 ad Fewer years of data were used due to data quality issues. Table EMT/Paramedic Estimated Employmet ad Employmet per Populatio by Couty Couty Estimated Employmet Estimated Employmet per 100,000 Populatio Los Ageles 2, Riverside/Sa Berardio 1, Vetura N/A N/A Sata Barbara N/A N/A 15 The educatio program completios data appears to describe paramedic programs, but likely icludes some data describig EMT programs as well. 16 Natioal Highway Traffic Safety Admiistratio. (2007). EMS Workforce for the 21st Cetury: A Natioal Assessmet. Sa Fracisco, CA: Uiversity of Califoria Sa Fracisco Ceter for the Health Professios ad Uiversity of Washigto Ceter for Health Workforce Studies. Page 23

40 UCSF Ceter for the Health Professios Table EMT/Paramedic Media Hourly/Aual Wage ad Hourly/Aual Wage at 90th Percetile by Couty Couty Media Hourly Media Aual 90th Percetile Hourly 90th Percetile Aual Los Ageles $ $ 23,982 $ $ 44,075 Riverside/Sa Berardio $ $ 23,650 $ $ 40,768 Vetura N/A N/A N/A N/A Sata Barbara $ $ 22,422 $ $ 41,870 Table EMT/Paramedic Employmet Projectios/Rakigs by Couty Couty Fastest Growth Rak Most New Jobs Rak Average Number of Job Opeigs/Year Los Ageles Top 1% Top 50% 123 Riverside/Sa Berardio Top 1% Top 50% 71 Vetura Top 25% Bottom 25% 5 Sata Barbara Bottom 10% Bottom 25% 3 Page 24

41 Allied Health Workforce i Califoria Aalysis: Los Ageles Regio Figure Geder Compositio for Reported Graduates of EMT-Paramedic Programs: Los Ageles Regio 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% N=843 N=847 Me Woma Source: Itegrated Postsecodary Educatio Data System (IPEDS) Figure Racial/Ethic Compositio for Reported Graduates of EMT-Paramedic Programs: Los Ageles Regio 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% N=843 N=847 Native America Africa America Asia Hispaic or Latio White Source: Itegrated Postsecodary Educatio Data System (IPEDS) Summary: EMT/Paramedic The EMT ad Paramedic workforce is comparatively small i size. Employmet opportuity is projected to grow rapidly i Los Ageles, Riverside ad Sa Berardio couties, likely the result of expected populatio growth. However, because the workforce is small i size, the umber of job opportuities will also be comparatively small. Available data suggest that EMTs ear wages that are slightly lower tha Detal Assistats ad Medical Assistats; Paramedics ear cosiderably more. There are may types of educatio traiig sites for EMTs ad Paramedics, icludig ambulace services ad fire departmets, commuity colleges ad private schools. The sample of programs reportig studet data preseted here, therefore, may ot be represetative. All of the istitutios reportig program graduates i the database used for this report are located i the Califoria Commuity College system. These schools maily reported graduates receivig a oe-year certificate. Roughly 70% of reported program graduates were me ad just over half were White. The proportio of graduates for whom race/ethicity was ureported was very high i both years that data was available. No defiitive coclusios regardig the racial ad ethic compositio of EMT ad Paramedic graduates ca be draw. Page 25

42 UCSF Ceter for the Health Professios Home Health Aide Descriptio Home Health Aides help elderly, covalescet, or disabled persos live i their ow homes istead of i health care facilities. Uder the directio of ursig or medical staff, they provide health-related services. Like ursig aides, home health aides may check a patiet s pulse rate, temperature, ad respiratio rate; help with simple prescribed exercises; keep rooms eat; ad help patiets move from bed to bathe, dress ad groom. Occasioally, they chage o-sterile dressigs ad may assist with medical equipmet. Employmet ad Wage Data Tables 31 ad 32 display iformatio o curret employmet, employmet topopulatio ratios, wages ad expected occupatioal growth for Home Health Aides i the Los Ageles regio. Table Home Health Aide Estimated Employmet, Employmet per Populatio ad Media Hourly/Aual Wage by Couty Couty Estimated Employmet Estimated Employmet per 100,000 Populatio Media Hourly Media Aual Los Ageles 9, $ 9.59 $ 19,947 Riverside/Sa Berardio 3, $ 8.88 $ 18,470 Vetura 1, $ 9.92 $ 20,634 Sata Barbara 1, $ 8.95 $ 18, Estimate Table Home Health Aide Employmet Projectios/Rakigs by Couty Couty Fastest Growth Rak Most New Jobs Rak Average Number of Job Opeigs/Yr. Los Ageles Top 2% Top 20% 427 Riverside/Sa Berardio Top 50% Top 25% 118 Vetura Top 1% Top 15% 77 Sata Barbara Bottom 50% Top 50% 15 Page 26

43 Allied Health Workforce i Califoria Aalysis: Los Ageles Regio Summary: Home Health Aide The regioal Home Health Aide workforce is roughly equal i size to the Detal Assistat workforce i Los Ageles, Riverside ad Sa Berardio couties, but substatially larger i both Sata Barbara ad Vetura couties. Couty-level employmet-topopulatio ratios idicate that Sata Barbara Couty has a very high cocetratio of Home Health Aides. Overall, it is the lowest paid occupatio of ay selected for aalysis i this report. With the exceptio of Sata Barbara Couty, data idicate that employmet opportuity will grow rapidly across the regio. Additioally, because the absolute size of the workforce is relatively large, the aual umber of job opeigs will be comparatively large. diverse; roughly 75% o-white (of which approximately 44% is Hispaic/Latio). It is likely that data describig graduates of Home Health Aide programs were it available, would mirror this compositio. The four programs reportig data i 2005 were Alla Hacock College, Log Beach City College, Palo Verde College ad Maria Health Careers Ceter. Data describig the graduates of Home Health Aide traiig programs are ot available. Accordig to the Departmet of Health Services, there may be as may as 170 differet traiig programs i the Los Ageles regio; i the database used for this report (IPEDS), oly four programs reported data for the year Home Health Aide traiig programs are offered by a variety of providers. The state of Califoria requires that Home Health Aides udergo 120 hours of traiig. Some studets pursue a course of traiig that gives them dual certificatio as Nursig Aide/Home Health Aide. A previously certified Nursig Aide ca become a certified Home Health Aide with a additioal 40 hours of traiig. Aalysis of the broad group of health care support occupatios i the regio idicates that this workforce is comparatively racially ad ethically Certified Nurse Assistat (Nursig Aides) Descriptio Nursig Aides perform routie tasks uder the supervisio of ursig ad medical staff, such as aswerig patiets call lights, servig meals ad helpig patiets to eat. Nursig Aides typically also dress, bathe Page 27

44 UCSF Ceter for the Health Professios ad provide ski care to patiets; take their temperature, pulse rate, respiratio rate ad blood pressure; ad help them to get ito ad out of bed ad walk. Aides observe patiets physical, metal ad emotioal coditios ad report ay chage to the ursig or medical staff. Nursig Aides employed i ursig care facilities (ursig homes) ofte are the pricipal caregivers, havig more cotact with residets tha do other members of the staff. Employmet ad Wage Data Tables 33 ad 34 display iformatio o curret employmet, employmet-to-populatio ratios, wages ad expected occupatioal growth for Nursig Aides i the Los Ageles regio. Summary: Certified Nursig Assistat (Nursig Aides) The size of the Nursig Aide workforce varies cosiderably across the differet couties of the Los Ageles regio. I Los Ageles Couty it is early twice the size of the Medical Assistat workforce, but i the other four couties the two are roughly equal i size. Estimated wages put it ear the bottom of the occupatios selected for aalysis i this report, slightly higher tha Home Health Aides (roughly equal to what EMTs ear). Although employmet opportuity for Nursig Aides is projected to grow rapidly i oly Los Ageles ad Vetura couties, because of the absolute size Table Nursig Aides Estimated Employmet, Employmet per Populatio ad Media Hourly/Aual Wage by Couty Couty Estimated Employmet Estimated Employmet per 100,000 Populatio Media Hourly Media Aual Los Ageles 29, $ $ 21,653 Riverside/Sa Berardio 6, $ $ 22,298 Vetura 1, $ $ 24,669 Sata Barbara $ $ 25,875 Table Nursig Aides Employmet Projectios/Rakigs by Couty Couty Fastest Growth Rak Most New Jobs Rak Average Number of Job Opeigs/Yr. Los Ageles Top 15% Top 10% 1086 Riverside/Sa Berardio Bottom 5% Top 20% 226 Vetura Top 15% Top 20% 49 Sata Barbara Bottom 10% Top 25% 18 Page 28

45 Allied Health Workforce i Califoria Aalysis: Los Ageles Regio of the workforce, the relative umber of aual job opeigs will be fairly sigificat i all five couties. Nursig Aide traiig programs are offered by a variety of providers. However, data describig the demographic compositio of studets graduatig from Nursig Aides traiig programs are ot available. The state of Califoria requires that Nursig Aides udergo 120 hours of traiig. Accordig to the Departmet of Health Services, there may be as may as 325 differet traiig programs i the Los Ageles regio; i the database used for this report (IPEDS), oly ie programs reported data for the year Like Home Health Aides, the racial/ ethic profile of this workforce is likely comparable to that of the broad group of health care support occupatios. The ie programs reportig data i 2005 were: Alla Hacock College Chaffey College Log Beach City College Palo Verde College Copper Moutai College Maria Health Careers Ceter Four-D College Baldwi Park Adult ad Commuity Educatio Atelope Valley College Licesed Vocatioal Nurse Descriptio Licesed Vocatioal Nurses (LVNs) are licesed i the state by the Califoria Board of Vocatioal Nursig ad Psychiatric Techicias. They care for the sick, ijured, covalescet ad disabled uder the directio of Physicias ad Registered Nurses. Most LVNs provide basic bedside care, takig vital sigs such as temperature, blood pressure, pulse ad respiratio. They also collect samples for testig, perform routie laboratory tests, feed patiets ad record food ad fluid itake ad output. Experieced LVNs may supervise Nursig Assistats/ Aides. I Califoria, they may admiister prescribed medicies or start itraveous fluids. Ad i Califoria, as i much of the coutry, LVNs make up the bulk of the ursig staff i ursig homes ad logterm care facilities. They are less frequetly employed i ipatiet acute care settigs. Page 29

46 UCSF Ceter for the Health Professios Employmet ad Wage Data Tables 35 ad 36 display iformatio o curret employmet, employmetto-populatio ratios, wages ad expected occupatioal growth for Licesed Vocatioal Nurses i the Los Ageles regio. Figures 17 ad 18 describe the geder ad racial/ ethic compositio for reported graduates of Licesed Vocatioal Nurse programs i the Los Ageles regio durig the period Table LVN Estimated Employmet, Employmet per Populatio ad Media Hourly/Aual Wage by Couty Couty Estimated Employmet Estimated Employmet per 100,000 Populatio Media Hourly Media Aual Los Ageles 17, $ $ 43,035 Riverside/Sa Berardio 5, $ $ 39,582 Vetura $ $ 43,597 Sata Barbara $ $ 44,762 Table LVN Employmet Projectios/Rakigs by Couty Couty Fastest Growth Rak Most New Jobs Rak Average Number of Job Opeigs/Yr. Los Ageles Top 30% Top 15% 606 Riverside/Sa Berardio Bottom 50% Top 25% 169 Vetura Bottom 50% Top 30% 25 Sata Barbara Bottom 10% Top 50% 16 Figure Geder Compositio for Reported Graduates of Licesed Vocatioal Nursig Programs: Los Ageles Regio 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% Figure Racial/Ethic Compositio for Reported Graduates of Licesed Vocatioal Nursig Programs: Los Ageles Regio 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% N=999 N =1029 N =1194 N =1244 N =1477 Native America Africa America Asia White Hispaic or Latio Source: Itegrated Postsecodary Educatio Data System (IPEDS) 10% 0% N =1068 N =1096 N =1265 N=1333 N =1594 Me Woma Source: Itegrated Postsecodary Educatio Data System (IPEDS) Page 30

47 Allied Health Workforce i Califoria Aalysis: Los Ageles Regio Summary: LVN The Licesed Vocatioal Nurse workforce is oe of the largest amog the allied health occupatios selected for aalysis, although its size varies cosiderably across the differet couties i the regio. Projectio data idicate that this is ot a fast-growig occupatio, but because of its absolute size, i four of the five couties it is projected to offer substatial employmet opportuity over the comig decade. As the populatio ages, opportuities for employmet i log-term care settigs will also likely icrease. Estimated wages for LVNs are comparable to Paramedics; they are ear to the top of the wage scale amog allied health occupatios. of the total; White, Africa America ad Asia graduates each represet at least 20%. The proportio of Native America graduates is quite small (roughly 1% of the total) but this is somewhat greater tha Native America represetatio i the geeral populatio. The largest programs (umber of graduates) are: Summit Career College Colto Casa Loma College Va Nuys Cocorde Career College Sa Berardio Sait Fracis Career College Lywood Cocorde Career College North Hollywood Accordig to the Califoria Board of Vocatioal Nursig ad Psychiatric Techicias there are more tha 100 LVN programs i the Los Ageles regio. Programs typically take oe to two years to complete, resultig i a certificate. Although a associate s degree is a optio, data idicate that certificates are more frequetly awarded. The schools reportig to IPEDS are oly a subset of all those that trai medical assistats i the Los Ageles regio. However, it is believed to be a represetative sample of public ad private, for-profit ad ot-for-profit, twoyear ad less-tha-two-year programs. Approximately eight out of every te LVN graduates are wome. The racial ad ethic compositio of graduates is the most balaced of ay of the allied health occupatios selected for aalysis. Hispaic/Latio is the largest racial/ ethic group, but represets just 28% Registered Nurse Practitioer (RNP) Descriptio Registered Nurse Practitioers are advaced practice urses, who work idepedetly or i collaboratio with Physicias. Other advace practice urses iclude Nurse- Midwives, Cliical Nurse Specialists ad Nurse Aesthetists. Nurse Practitioers provide basic prevetive health care to patiets ad icreasigly serve as Page 31

48 UCSF Ceter for the Health Professios primary ad specialty care providers i medically uderserved areas. I Califoria, advaced practice urses ca prescribe medicatios. The most commo areas of specialty for Nurse Practitioers are family practice, adult practice, wome s health, pediatrics, acute care ad gerotology. The Nurse Practitioer credetial is a post-licese certificatio, regulated by the Califoria Board of Registered Nursig. Roughly 6.6% of the curret Califorialicesed RN workforce hold the NP certificatio. 17 I 2004, a ew regulatio was chaptered ito law establishig possessio of a master s degree i ursig as a requiremet for certificatio as a Nurse Practitioer (AB 2226) 18. Accordig to Sectio of the Nursig Practice Act 19, o ad after Jauary 1, 2008, a applicat for iitial qualificatio or certificatio as a urse practitioer must possess a master s degree i ursig, a master s degree i a cliical field related to ursig, or a graduate degree i ursig. Wage data ad employmet projectios data specifically describig Nurse Practitioers are ot available. Estimates preseted here describe the much broader field of Registered Nursig, which icludes urses workig at all practice levels ad traied at all educatioal levels. I additio to estimates of media hourly/aual wages, estimates of hourly/aual wages at the 90th percetile are preseted. Nurse Practitioers workig as advaced practice urses may ear more tha a associate s degree or bachelor s degree-traied Registered Nurse depedig upo place of employmet. The rage of estimated wages from the media to the 90th percetile likely captures the wages eared by Nurse Practitioers. Nurse Practitioer studet data used for this aalysis come from the Califoria Board of Registered Nursig Aual Schools Survey. They have two mai limitatios: they are available for oly sigle year (2005), ad they ca t be used to describe the geder or racial/ ethic compositio of studets i Nurse Practitioer programs. The secod best optio is to use data describig graduates of Master of Sciece i Nursig (MSN) programs geerally. Data from a 2005 cesus of total erollmet describe how MSN studets are distributed across program cocetratios, icludig Nurse Practitioer. Employmet ad Wage Data Tables 37 through 39 display iformatio o curret employmet, employmet-topopulatio ratios, wages ad expected occupatioal growth for Registered Nurses i the Los Ageles regio. Figures 19 through 21 describe the 2005 distributio of studets erolled i MSN programs by cocetratio ad the 2005 geder ad racial/ethic compositio for reported graduates of MSN programs i the Los Ageles regio. 17 Spetz, J. et al. Survey of Registered Nurses i Califoria, Ceter for Califoria Health Workforce Studies ad School of Nursig,Uiversity of Califoria, Sa Fracisco. Jue Coducted o behalf of the Califoria Board of Registered Nursig Page 32

49 Allied Health Workforce i Califoria Aalysis: Los Ageles Regio Table RN Estimated Employmet ad Employmet per Populatio by Couty Couty Estimated Employmet Estimated Employmet per 100,000 Populatio Los Ageles 64, Riverside/Sa Berardio 19, Vetura 4, Sata Barbara 1, Table RN Hourly/Aual Wages at Media ad 90th Percetile by Couty Couty Estimated Employmet Estimated Employmet per 100,000 Populatio Media Hourly Media Aual Los Ageles $ $ 71,590 $ $ 95,306 Riverside/Sa Berardio $ $ 68,170 $ $ 89,690 Vetura $ $ 63,670 $ $ 89,149 Sata Barbara $ $ 67,610 $ $ 85,550 Table RN Employmet Projectios/Rakigs by Couty Couty Fastest Growth Rak Most New Jobs Rak Average Number of Job Opeigs/Yr. Los Ageles Top 10% Top 2% 3024 Riverside/Sa Berardio Top 50% Top 5% 858 Vetura Top 10% Top 5% 188 Sata Barbara Bottom 50% Top 5% 59 Figure Cesus of Total Erollmet i Post-licese Master of Sciece i Nursig Programs by Program Cocetratio 20 : Los Ageles Regio 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% N = 981 Other MSN Cliical Nurse Specialist Admiistratio/Leadership Other Cliical Advaced Practice Nursig Educatio Other Fuctioal Certified Nurse Aesthetist Nurse Practitioer Source: Califoria Board of Registered Nursig Figure Geder Compositio of Reported Graduates of Master of Sciece i Nursig Programs: Los Ageles Regio 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0 N = 392 Me Wome Source: Califoria Board of Registered Nursig 20 MSN tracks that are idetified i the leged but ot displayed i the chart: Certified Nurse Midwife (less tha 1% of the total erollmet) ad, with o erollmets at the time of the 2005 Cesus, Case Maagemet, Medical/ Surgical, Childre s Health, Gerotology ad Commuity Health. Page 33

50 UCSF Ceter for the Health Professios Figure Racial/Ethic Compositio of Reported Graduates of Master of Sciece i Nursig Programs: Los Ageles Regio 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% N=392 Filipio Hispaic or Latio Asia White Africa America Native America Source: Califoria Board of Registered Nursig Summary: Registered Nurse/Registered Nurse Practitioer Registered Nursig (RN) is the sigle largest health care workforce ad oe of the largest i the geeral labor force i Califoria. I both Los Ageles ad Vetura couties, employmet opportuities are projected to grow rapidly i the comig decade. Because the workforce is so large i size, the total umber of aual job opeigs will be substatial i all five couties of the Los Ageles regio. Wage data idicate that RNs i Los Ageles Couty ear sigificatly more tha other couties i the regio. Nurse Practitioers workig as advaced practice urses may ear more tha a associate s degree- or bachelor s degree-traied Registered Nurse depedig upo place of employmet. The rage of estimated wages from the media to the 90th percetile likely captures earigs of Nurse Practitioers. However, we are uable to draw coclusios about job demad specifically for Nurse Practitioers. Oe would expect cotiued growth i opportuities i cliical settigs ad via itegrated primary care delivery such as that used by Kaiser Permaete. Erollmet data from 2005 idicate that roughly 45% of all studets seekig the Master of Sciece Nursig degree are erolled i Nurse Practitioer programs. Graduates of MSN programs i 2005 were predomiatly wome (roughly 90%), but the most strikig characteristic was the racial ad ethic compositio. Filipios represeted just 2.5% of the regio s 2005 geeral populatio, but comprised 45% of graduates of the regio s MSN programs. Asia ad Africa America graduates were represeted i proportios roughly equal i size with their represetatio i the geeral populatio. White ad Hispaic/ Latio graduates formed proportios much smaller tha their represetatio i the regio s geeral populatio. Further ivestigatio is eeded to uderstad the factors determiig the demographic compositio of the regio s MSN programs. MSN programs with the greatest umber of studets pursuig Nurse Practitioer traiig at the time of the 2005 cesus were CSU Log Beach, CSU Los Ageles, ad the Uiversity of Califoria, Los Ageles (UCLA). MSN programs with the largest proportio of Nurse Practitioer erollmet as a share of total erollmet i 2005 were CSU Log Beach, Loma Lida, Wester Uiversity of Health Scieces ad UCLA. MSN programs reportig the largest proportio of Filipio graduates as a share of the total umber of 2005 graduates were Wester Uiversity of Health Scieces, Loma Lida Uiversity ad CSU Log Beach. Overall, Nurse Practitioers are the sigle largest group withi the broader category of advaced practice urses. However, it s importat to recogize that advaced practice urses represet a small share of the RN workforce compared to RNs traied i associate s ad bachelor s degree programs. Page 34

51 Allied Health Workforce i Califoria Aalysis: Los Ageles Regio There are te Master of Sciece i Nursig (MSN) programs i the Los Ageles regio: Azusa Pacific Uiversity CSU Log Beach CSU Los Ageles CSU Sa Berardio UCLA Harbor/UCLA NP program Mout Sait Mary s College Wester Uiversity of Health Scieces Kaiser Permaete/CSU Fullerto Nurse Aesthesia program Loma Lida Uiversity health care services, as delegated by a Physicia. Workig as members of a health care team, they take medical histories, examie ad treat patiets, order ad iterpret laboratory tests ad x-rays ad make diagoses. I Califoria, PAs are licesed to prescribe medicatio whe authority has bee delegated by the supervisig Physicia. Employmet ad Wage Data Tables 40 ad 41 display iformatio o curret employmet, employmetto-populatio ratios, wages ad expected occupatioal growth for Physicia Assistats i the Los Ageles regio. Figures 22 ad 23 describe the geder ad racial/ethic compositio for reported graduates of Physicia Assistat programs i the Los Ageles regio durig the period Table Physicia Assistat Estimated Employmet, Employmet per Populatio ad Media Hourly/Aual Wage by Couty Physicia Assistat Descriptio Physicia Assistats (PAs) practice medicie uder the supervisio of Physicias. They may be the pricipal care providers i rural or ier city cliics, where a Physicia is preset for oly oe or two days each week. May PAs work i primary care specialties such as geeral iteral medicie, pediatrics ad family medicie. They are formally traied to provide diagostic, therapeutic ad prevetive Couty Estimated Employmet Estimated Employmet per 100,000 Populatio Media Hourly Media Aual Los Ageles 1, $ $ 89,045 Riverside/Sa Berardio $ $ 79,227 Vetura $ $ 68,370 Sata Barbara $ $ 76,773 Table Physicia Assistat Employmet Projectios/Rakigs by Couty Couty Fastest Growth Rak Most New Jobs Rak Avg. No. of Job Opeigs/ Year Los Ageles Top 1% Top 50% 81 Riverside/Sa Berardio Top 5% Top 50% 55 Vetura Top 1% Bottom 25% 3 Sata Barbara Top 30% Bottom 25% 2 Page 35

52 UCSF Ceter for the Health Professios Figure Geder Compositio for Reported Graduates of Physicia Assistat Programs: Los Ageles Regio (All Degree Levels) 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% N =183 N=230 N=230 N =195 N =191 Me Woma Source: Itegrated Postsecodary Educatio Data System (IPEDS) Figure Racial/Ethic Compositio for Reported Graduates of Physicia Assistat Programs: Los Ageles Regio (All Degree Levels) 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% N =178 N =218 N =214 N =190 N =181 Native America Africa America Hispaic or Latio Asia White Source: Itegrated Postsecodary Educatio Data System (IPEDS) Summary: Physicia Assistat The Physicia Assistat workforce is comparatively small i size ad employmet levels vary sigificatly across the differet couties i the Los Ageles regio. Employmet opportuities are projected to grow very rapidly across the regio, with the exceptio of Sata Barbara Couty. Because this workforce is so small i size, the actual, aual umber of projected job opeigs will be very small. Estimated wages vary substatially across the differet couties. Media aual earigs for PAs workig i Los Ageles Couty were a estimated $10,000-$15,000 higher tha for PAs workig i Riverside, Sa Berardio ad Sata Barbara couties, ad a estimated $20,000 higher tha for those workig i Vetura Couty. There are five PA programs i the Los Ageles regio, which vary i legth ad offer degrees at differet levels (from a associate s degree to a master s degree) depedig o the backgroud ad professioal experiece of the eterig studet. The regio s five programs produce roughly 200 graduates per year. Treds idicate that graduates are icreasigly wome, who represeted approximately 57% of reported graduates i 2001 ad 69% of the graduates i Data idicate that the racial ad ethic compositio of PA graduates has shifted slightly i the past five years. The umber of Africa America graduates has bee decliig, while the umber of Asia graduates has bee icreasig; proportioal represetatio has shifted accordigly. Hispaic/Latio graduates represeted roughly 22% of the total i 2001, but their umbers declied i both 2003 ad I 2005 the Hispaic/Latio ratio retured to 2001 levels. The five Physicia Assistat programs i the Los Ageles regio: Charles R. Drew Uiversity (certificate ad bachelor s program) Wester Uiversity of Health Scieces (master s program) Loma Lida (master s program) USC (master s program) Riverside Commuity College/Riverside Couty Regioal Medical Ceter (certificate ad associate s degree program) Page 36

53 Allied Health Workforce i Califoria Aalysis: Los Ageles Regio Techicias i the Los Ageles regio. Figures 24 ad 25 describe the geder ad racial/ ethic compositio for reported graduates of Psychiatric Techicia programs i the Los Ageles regio durig the period Table Psychiatric Techicia Estimated Employmet, Employmet per Populatio ad Media Hourly/Aual Wage by Couty Psychiatric Techicia Descriptio Psychiatric Techicias (Psych Techs) are licesed i the state by the Califoria Board of Vocatioal Nursig & Psychiatric Techicias. They care for metally impaired or emotioally disturbed idividuals, followig physicia istructios ad hospital procedures. Psych Techs moitor the physical ad emotioal well-beig of patiets. They may also participate i rehabilitatio ad treatmet programs, help with persoal hygiee ad admiister oral medicatios ad hypodermic ijectios. Workplace settigs are most ofte psychiatric hospitals or metal health cliics. Recetly Psych Techs have bee employed i large umbers i metal health correctioal facilities. Couty Estimated Employmet Estimated Employmet per 100,000 Populatio Media Hourly Media Aual Los Ageles 1, $ $ 44,366 Riverside/Sa Berardio 1, $ $ 45,552 Vetura N/A N/A N/A N/A Sata Barbara N/A N/A N/A N/A Table Psychiatric Techicia Employmet Projectios/Rakigs by Couty Couty Fastest Growth Rak Most New Jobs Rak Avg. No. of Job Opeigs/ Year Los Ageles Bottom 50% Bottom 50% 46 Riverside/Sa Berardio Bottom 10% Bottom 50% 20 Vetura N/A N/A N/A Sata Barbara N/A N/A N/A Figure Geder Compositio for Reported Graduates of Psychiatric Techicia Programs: Los Ageles Regio 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% Employmet ad Wage Data Tables 42 ad 43 display iformatio o curret employmet, employmet-topopulatio ratios, wages ad expected occupatioal growth for Psychiatric 10% 0% N=99 N =116 N =104 N=62 N = 81 Me Woma Source: Itegrated Postsecodary Educatio Data System (IPEDS) Page 37

54 UCSF Ceter for the Health Professios Figure Racial/Ethic Compositio for Reported Graduates of Psychiatric Techicia Programs: Los Ageles Regio 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% N=96 N =111 N =101 N=60 N = 81 Native America Asia White Hispaic or Latio Africa America Source: Itegrated Postsecodary Educatio Data System (IPEDS) There are four Psychiatric Techicia programs i the Los Ageles regio. Completio of a two-year program typically results i a certificate; data idicate that the associate s degree is less frequetly awarded. Oly two of the regio s four programs report data through IPEDS ad both are i the commuity college system. The total umber of reported graduates dropped dramatically after I both 2004 ad 2005, the umber of graduates from the program at Mt. Sa Atoio College fell to oe-third of its 2003 total. Summary: Psychiatric Techicia The Psychiatric Techicia workforce is comparatively small ad employmet opportuity is cocetrated i Los Ageles, Riverside ad Sa Berardio couties. Couty level data for Sata Barbara ad Vetura are ot available, idicatig that employmet levels are very low i these two couties. Projectio data idicate that employmet opportuities for Psychiatric Techicias will be relatively few over the comig decade; this is ot a fast-growig occupatio. However, recet traiig efforts i Califoria, icludig the Caregiver Traiig Iitiative ad the Nurse Workforce Iitiative have traied several hudred of these professioals i other regios of the state ad targeted them to work i metal health correctioal facilities. Wage data illustrate that this is a comparatively well-paid occupatio; aual earigs are comparable to Licesed Vocatioal Nurses. The geder compositio of graduates fluctuates from year to year, but o average, wome represet approximately 60-65% of the total. The drop i the umber of graduates occurrig after 2003 affected me ad wome i roughly equal proportios. The most strikig feature of the racial ad ethic compositio of Psychiatric Techicia graduates is the very large proportio of Africa America studets (roughly 35% of the total i ay give year). Exceptig Native America studets, the potetial pool of ew etrats ito the Psychiatric Techicia workforce is comparatively balaced i terms of race/ethicity. There are four programs i LA regio (oly two reportig studet data): Mt. Sa Atoio College Sa Berardio Valley College Hacieda La Puete Adult Ed (ot reportig) Califoria Nurses Educatioal Istitute (ot reportig) Page 38

55 Allied Health Workforce i Califoria Aalysis: Los Ageles Regio Master s-level Metal Health Professioals The data describig employmet levels, employmet-to-populatio ratios, wages ad employmet projectios for the selected metal health occupatios refer to professioals traied at the master s degree level. The occupatios themselves are grouped as either couselors or social workers ad are further classified accordig to the type ad settig of service. Ufortuately, there are t data readily available to describe graduates of master s level programs i social work or couselig by the type or the settig of metal health services that such graduates would be likely to provide. As a result, the correspodece betwee metal health professios labor market ad educatioal program data is broad ad idirect. may overrepreset educatioal programs that are traiig potetial professioals who are ot likely to work i the selected metal health occupatios. However, such a determiatio would require ivestigatio beyod the scope of this report. Give the lack of detailed data describig educatioal programs, the secod best optio is to look at graduates of master s level programs i geeral, cliical ad couselig psychology ad master s i social work (MSW) programs. Graduates of geeral psychology programs are icluded because may istitutios do ot report usig the more specific categories of cliical or couselig psychology, despite offerig such programs. Obviously, the educatio data are limited by the fact that they are overly broad i represetig the targeted metal health occupatios. As oted above, they do ot iclude detail that would idicate the type of the settig of metal health services that graduates would be likely to provide. I fact, they Metal Health Couselors Descriptio Metal Health Couselors work with idividuals, families ad groups to address ad treat metal ad emotioal disorders ad to promote optimum metal health. They are traied i a variety of therapeutic techiques used to address a wide rage of issues icludig depressio, addictio ad substace abuse, suicidal impulses, stress maagemet, problems with self-esteem, issues associated with agig, job ad Page 39

56 UCSF Ceter for the Health Professios career cocers, educatioal decisios, issues related to metal ad emotioal health, ad family, paretig, ad marital or other relatioship problems. Metal Health Couselors ofte work closely with other metal health specialists, such as Psychiatrists, Psychologists, Cliical Social Workers, Psychiatric Nurses ad School Couselors. Employmet ad Wage Data Tables 44 ad 45 display iformatio o curret employmet, employmet-topopulatio ratios, wages ad expected occupatioal growth for Metal Health Couselors i the Los Ageles regio. Demographic data describig graduates of geeral, cliical ad couselig Psychology programs follows Tables 46 ad 47 (which describe iformatio o Substace Abuse/ Behavioral Disorder Couselors). Substace Abuse/Behavioral Disorder Couselors Descriptio Substace Abuse/Behavioral Disorder Couselors assist people who suffer from problems related to alcohol, drugs, gamblig ad eatig disorders. They cousel idividuals facig addictio, helpig them to idetify uderlyig related behaviors, ad they coduct programs aimed at prevetig addictio from occurrig i the first place. Couselig sessios are desiged for idividuals, families, or groups. Employmet ad Wage Data Tables 46 ad 47 display iformatio o curret employmet, employmet-topopulatio ratios, wages ad expected occupatioal growth for Substace Abuse/ Behavioral Disorder Couselors i the Los Ageles regio. Table 44. Metal Health Couselors Estimated Employmet, Employmet per Populatio ad Media Hourly/Aual Wage by Couty Couty Estimated Employmet Estimated Employmet per 100,000 Populatio Media Hourly Media Aual Los Ageles 3, $ $ 31,304 Riverside/Sa Berardio 1, $ $ 35,048 Vetura $ $ 27,518 Sata Barbara N/A N/A $ $ 35, Estimate Table Metal Health Couselors Employmet Projectios/Rakigs by Couty Couty Fastest Growth Rak Most New Jobs Rak Avg. No. of Job Opeigs/Year Los Ageles Top 15% Top 50% 144 Riverside/Sa Berardio Top 50% Top 50% 61 Vetura Bottom 50% Bottom 50% 4 Sata Barbara Bottom 50% Bottom 25% 3 Page 40

57 Allied Health Workforce i Califoria Aalysis: Los Ageles Regio Table Substace Abuse/Behavioral Disorder Couselor Estimated Employmet, Employmet per Populatio ad Media Hourly/Aual Wage by Couty Couty Estimated Employmet Estimated Employmet per 100,000 Populatio Media Hourly Media Aual Los Ageles 2, $ $ 28,267 Riverside/Sa Berardio $ $ 29,931 Vetura $ $ 34,653 Sata Barbara $ $ 35,402 Table Employmet Projectios/Rakigs by Couty Couty Fastest Growth Rak Most New Jobs Rak Avg. No. of Job Opeigs/Year Los Ageles Top 35% Top 50% 97 Riverside/Sa Berardio Bottom 50% Top 50% 42 Vetura Top 20% Bottom 25% 5 Sata Barbara Bottom 50% Bottom 25% 3 Figures 26 ad 27 describe the geder ad racial/ethic compositio for reported graduates of master s programs i geeral, cliical ad couselig psychology i the Los Ageles regio durig the period This data is beig used to describe both Metal Health Couselors ad Substace Abuse/ Behavioral Disorder Couselors. Figure Geder Compositio for Reported Graduates of Master s Programs i Geeral, Cliical or Couselig Psychology: Los Ageles Regio 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% N =1023 N=873 N=868 N=926 N=967 Me Wome Source: Itegrated Postsecodary Educatio Data System (IPEDS) Figure Racial/Ethic Compositio for Reported Graduates of Master s Programs i Geeral, Cliical or Couselig Psychology: Los Ageles Regio 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% N=909 N=773 N=763 N=802 N=856 Native America Asia Africa America Hispaic or Latio White Source: Itegrated Postsecodary Educatio Data System (IPEDS) Page 41

58 UCSF Ceter for the Health Professios Summary: Metal Health Couselors ad Substace Abuse/ Behavioral Disorder Couselors Both the Metal Health Couselor workforce ad Substace Abuse/ Behavioral Disorder Couselor workforce are comparatively small i size. Data describig the employmet outlook for Metal Health Couselors idicates that employmet is expected to grow relatively rapidly i Los Ageles Couty, but ot i the other four couties that make up the Los Ageles regio. I fact, i both Sata Barbara ad Vetura couties employmet projectios data suggest that oly a hadful of job opeigs will occur each year. Media wages vary across the regio. The data idicate that those workig i either the Ilad Empire (Riverside/Sa Berardio couties) or Sata Barbara Couty ear more tha those workig i Los Ageles or Vetura couties. Labor market data describig Substace Abuse/Behavioral Disorder Couselors preset a similar picture. This is a small workforce ad job opeigs over the comig decade will be relatively few. Employmet-per-populatio ratios at the couty level suggest that employmet for Substace Abuse/Behavioral Disorder Couselors is cosiderably more cocetrated i Sata Barbara Couty tha the rest of the regio. Estimated media wages are comparatively higher i both Sata Barbara ad Vetura couties. There are somewhere betwee 25 ad 30 master s level programs i geeral, cliical, ad couselig psychology i the Los Ageles regio. The umber of graduates that these programs produce fluctuates from year to year; the five-year average from is roughly 800 aually. Approximately 80% of these graduates are wome ad roughly 70% are White. Over the past five years, the racial ad ethic compositio has bee distributed cosistetly; there do ot appear to be ay shiftig treds. Metal Health/Substace Abuse Social Worker Descriptio Metal Health/Substace Abuse Social Workers, also kow as Cliical Social Workers, are a subset of the professio geerally kow as social workers. These professioals focus o assessig ad treatig idividuals with metal illess or substace abuse problems, icludig abuse of alcohol, tobacco, or other drugs. Such services iclude idividual ad group therapy, outreach, crisis itervetio, social rehabilitatio ad traiig i skills of everyday livig. Metal Health/Substace Abuse Social Workers may also help pla for supportive services to ease patiets retur to the commuity. Metal Health/Substace Abuse Social Workers are likely to work i hospitals, substace abuse treatmet ceters, idividual ad family services agecies, or i local govermet. Page 42

59 Allied Health Workforce i Califoria Aalysis: Los Ageles Regio Employmet ad Wage Data Tables 48 ad 49 display iformatio o curret employmet, employmet-topopulatio ratios, wages ad expected occupatioal growth for Metal Health/ Table Metal Health/Substace Abuse Social Worker Estimated Employmet, Employmet per Populatio ad Media Hourly/Aual Wage by Couty Substace Abuse Social Workers i the Los Ageles regio. Figures 28 ad 29 describe the geder ad racial/ethic compositio for reported graduates of Master s i Social Work programs i the Los Ageles regio durig the period Couty Estimated Employmet Estimated Employmet per 100,000 Populatio Media Hourly Media Aual Los Ageles 2, $ $ 35,152 Riverside/Sa Berardio $ $ 35,797 Vetura $ $ 40,019 Sata Barbara $ $ 42, Estimate Table Metal Health/Substace Abuse Social Worker Employmet Projectios/Rakigs by Couty Couty Fastest Growth Rak Most New Jobs Rak Avg. No. of Job Opeigs/Year Los Ageles Top 25% Top 50% 84 Riverside/Sa Berardio Bottom 50% Bottom 50% 22 Vetura Top 50% Top 50% 8 Sata Barbara Bottom 50% Bottom 25% 2 Figure Geder Compositio for Reported Graduates of Master s i Social Work Programs: Los Ageles Regio 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% N = 616 N = 613 N = 574 N=592 N=657 Me Woma Source: Itegrated Postsecodary Educatio Data System (IPEDS) Figure Racial/Ethic Compositio for Reported Graduates of Master s i Social Work Programs: Los Ageles Regio 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% N=573 N=559 N = 518 N=524 N=569 Native America Africa America Asia Hispaic or Latio White Source: Itegrated Postsecodary Educatio Data System (IPEDS) Page 43

60 UCSF Ceter for the Health Professios 21 CSU Domiquez Hills recetly established a MSW program ad is i the iitial stage of beig accredited by the Coucil of Social Work Educatio. 22 Licesed Social Workers i the U.S., Ceter for Health Workforce Studies, School of Public Health, Uiversity of Albay. Summary: Metal Health/ Substace Abuse Social Worker The Cliical Social Work workforce i Los Ageles ad Riverside/Sa Berardio couties is roughly equal i size to that of the Substace Abuse/Behavioral Disorder Couselor workforce. The level of employmet for Cliical Social Workers relative to the populatio i both Sata Barbara ad Vetura couties idicates a much higher level of employmet cocetratio; the Cliical Social Work workforce is roughly twice as cocetrated i Vetura Couty ad early four times as cocetrated i Sata Barbara Couty tha Los Ageles Couty ad the Ilad Empire. However, employmet opportuity is either projected to grow rapidly, or is it expected that there will be may job opeigs for Cliical Social Workers over the comig decade. Media wages are comparatively higher i both Sata Barbara ad Vetura couties. There are six master s level social work educatio programs i the Los Ageles regio 21, which over the past five years have produced roughly graduates aually. Wome represet approximately 85% of the aual umber of MSW graduates. The racial/ethic compositio of MSW graduates is chagig. I recet years the umber of Hispaic/Latio wome graduates has bee icreasig, while the umber of White wome graduates has bee decliig, causig a shift i proportioal represetatio. I 2001 Hispaic/Latio graduates formed just 25% of the total umber of MSW graduates, growig to 35% i 2005 makig cohorts of White ad Hispaic/Latio roughly equal i size. The six fully accredited MSW programs i the regio are: CSU Sa Berardio UCLA CSU Log Beach Loma Lida CSU Los Ageles USC GERIATRIC SOCIAL WORKER Part of the workforce that will play a critical role over the comig decade are social workers specializig i the field of geriatrics ad agig. Ufortuately, data describig these professioals i Califoria is very limited. There is limited educatio data describig graduates of gerotology programs, which is preseted below (Educatio data describig MSW graduates is preseted i the previous sectio). O the labor market side, there is o good way to distiguish betwee these professioals. We were able to fid oly oe report 22, which is atioal i scope; it reports that roughly 9% of licesed social workers practice i the area of geriatrics or agig. Although quatitative iformatio describig the state of geriatric social work educatio is largely uavailable, we did fid iformatio describig a effort to promote expertise i geriatrics ad agig i social work at both the baccalaureate ad master s level, sposored by the Coucil o Social Work Educatio. Page 44

61 Allied Health Workforce i Califoria Aalysis: Los Ageles Regio The Geriatric Social Work Iitiative 23 is a multi-faceted program meat to prepare a agig-savvy social work workforce. Although its missio icludes educatioal preparatio at the baccalaureate level, it appears that most of the programmatic work, to date, is aimed at the master s level ad higher. Oe of the featured compoets is a practicum partership, i which schools of social work ad commuity agecies parter to provide practicum experieces for MSW studets who cocetrate o agig issues. There are six model programs atioally, oe of which is based i the Los Ageles area (aother is based i the Sa Fracisco Bay Area). The Geriatric Social Work Educatio Cosortia of Souther Califoria is sposored by Parters i Care Foudatio: UCLA, USC, CSU Log Beach ad CSU Los Ageles. Figures 30 ad 31 describe the geder racial/ ethic compositio for reported graduates of Gerotology programs i the Los Ageles regio durig the period Figure Geder Compositio for Reported Graduates of Gerotology Programs: Los Ageles Regio (All Degree Levels) 100% 90% 80% Figure Racial/Ethic Compositio for Reported Graduates of Gerotology Programs: Los Ageles Regio (All Degree Levels) 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% N=54 N=59 N=50 Africa America Hispaic or Latio Asia White Source: Itegrated Postsecodary Educatio Data System (IPEDS) Summary: Gerotology Educatio There are three Gerotology educatio programs i the Los Ageles regio reportig studet data 24 : USC, CSU Log Beach ad the Uiversity of La Vere. USC offers both bachelor s ad master s level educatio; programs at CSU Log Beach ad the Uiversity of La Vere are master s level oly. Overall, the umber of reported graduates is very small; roughly 70-80% of these graduates are from the programs at USC. Approximately 80-90% of reported graduates are wome ad roughly half are White. With oly three years of studet data, ad with the certaity that this data is icomplete, it is t possible to draw ay defiitive coclusios regardig the racial ad ethic compositio of studets graduatig from the regio s Gerotology programs. 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% N=54 N=59 N=50 Me Woma Source: Itegrated Postsecodary Educatio Data System (IPEDS) Note o agig-related educatio: I additio to the small umber of gerotology programs, our research foud that a hadful of commuity colleges reported 3-5 graduates per year from programs i Adult Developmet & Agig: Chaffey College Log Beach City College Los Ageles Missio College Mt. Sa Jacito College 23 More iformatio o this program ca be foud at 24 CSU Sa Berardio offers a program i Commuity Health Educatio ad Promotio at both the bachelor s ad master s level. No studet data are reported. Page 45

62 UCSF Ceter for the Health Professios Public/Commuity Health I the sectio describig metal health professioals, we oted the difficulty i matchig labor market data with educatio program data. This same difficulty pertais to the public/ commuity health occupatios targeted for aalysis. Agai, this meas that we are able to oly very broadly describe labor market coditios ad educatioal traiig programs for the selected public/commuity health occupatios. As a result, we ve orgaized the targeted occupatios aroud the available educatio data: public health educatio ad promotio programs at the bachelor s, master s ad doctoral level, ad geeral public health programs at the bachelor s ad master s level. Obviously, the educatio data are limited by the fact that they are overly broad i represetig the variety of public/ commuity health occupatios. They do ot iclude detail that would help idicate the type or settig of public/ commuity health services that graduates would be likely to provide. Public/Commuity Health Educator Descriptio Public/Commuity Health Educators are bachelor s ad master s-level traied professioals who work to promote, maitai ad improve idividual ad commuity health by assistig idividuals ad commuities to adopt healthy behaviors. They collect ad aalyze data to idetify commuity eeds prior to plaig, implemetig, moitorig ad evaluatig programs desiged to ecourage healthy lifestyles, policies ad eviromets. They may also serve as a resource to assist idividuals, other professioals, or the commuity, ad may admiister fiscal resources for health educatio programs. Employmet ad Wage Data Tables 50 ad 51 display iformatio o curret employmet, employmet-topopulatio ratios, wages ad expected occupatioal growth for Public/Commuity Health Educators i the Los Ageles regio. Figures 32 ad 33 describe the geder ad racial/ethic compositio for reported graduates of Public/Commuity Health Educator programs i the Los Ageles regio durig the period Table Public/Commuity Health Educator Estimated Employmet, Employmet per Populatio ad Media Hourly/Aual Wage by Couty Couty Estimated Employmet Estimated Employmet per 100,000 Populatio Media Hourly Media Aual Los Ageles $ $ 34,050 Riverside/Sa Berardio N/A N/A $ $ 36,213 Vetura $ $ 40,290 Sata Barbara $ $ 33,509 Page 46

63 Allied Health Workforce i Califoria Aalysis: Los Ageles Regio Table Public/Commuity Health Educator Employmet Projectios/Rakigs by Couty Couty Fastest Growth Rak Most New Jobs Rak Avg. No. of Job Opeigs/Year Los Ageles Top 15% Top 50% 82 Riverside/Sa Berardio Bottom 50% Bottom 50% 15 Vetura Top 15% Bottom 25% 4 Sata Barbara N/A N/A N/A Figure Geder Compositio for Reported Graduates of Public Health Educatio ad Promotio Programs: Los Ageles Regio (All Degree Levels) 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% N=29 N=42 N=73 N=77 N=62 Me Woma Figure Racial/Ethic Compositio for Reported Graduates of Public Health Educatio ad Promotio Programs: Los Ageles Regio (All Degree Levels) 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% N=24 N=38 N=65 N=77 N=58 Hispaic or Latio Africa America Asia White Source: Itegrated Postsecodary Educatio Data System (IPEDS) Source: Itegrated Postsecodary Educatio Data System (IPEDS) Summary: Public Health Educator The Public Health Educator workforce is small, comparable i size to the other metal health ad social services occupatios aalyzed i this report. Employmet i this occupatio is cocetrated i Los Ageles ad Sata Barbara couties; data describig the level of employmet i the Ilad Empire was ot available. Estimated wages are higher i Vetura Couty, but the differece compared to other couties is ot large. Employmet projectio data idicate that job opportuities will grow most rapidly i Los Ageles Couty, but because of the very small size of this workforce the actual umber of job opeigs is expected to be small. It is aticipated that oly a hadful of job opeigs will occur each year i Vetura ad Sata Barbara couties. There are oly two programs i the Los Ageles regio reportig studet data 25 that describe Public/Commuity Health Educatio: 25 CSU Sa Berardio offers a program i Commuity Health Educatio ad Promotio at both the bachelor s ad master s level. No studet data are reported. Page 47

64 UCSF Ceter for the Health Professios USC ad Loma Lida Uiversity. USC graduates roughly udergraduates ad aother five PhDs per year. Loma Lida awards roughly masters ad doctoral degrees per year. At both levels, graduates are predomiatly wome (roughly 80% of the total). The first year i which udergraduate degrees i Public Health Educatio were reported by USC was I the years sice, the racial/ ethic compositio has shifted due to the icreasig umber of Asia graduates. This icrease is see i the shiftig proportioal represetatio illustrated i Figure 33. Aalysis of the racial/ethic compositio of these programs is problematic. There are so few graduates i ay give year that very small chages i the total umber of graduates from ay oe racial/ethic group ca have a dramatic affect o the racial ad ethic compositio. Data describig geeral programs Public Health at the bachelor s ad master s level, which is preseted i the followig sectio, better illustrates racial ad ethic diversity i the regio s formally traied public health educatio program graduates. Medical ad Public Health Social Worker Descriptio Medical ad Public Health Social Workers are typically traied at the bachelor s ad master s degree levels. They work to provide idividuals, families, or vulerable populatios with the psychosocial support eeded to cope with chroic, acute, or termial illesses, such as Alzheimer s disease, cacer, or AIDS. They also advise family caregivers, cousel patiets ad help pla for patiets eeds after discharge by arragig for at-home services, from meals-o-wheels to oxyge equipmet. Some work o iterdiscipliary teams that evaluate certai kids of patiets, such as geriatric or orga trasplat patiets. Medical ad Public Health Social Workers may work for hospitals, ursig ad persoal care facilities, idividual ad family services agecies, or local govermets. This uique group of workers may be traied i either social work or public health. Employmet ad Wage Data Tables 52 ad 53 display iformatio o curret employmet, employmet-topopulatio ratios, wages ad expected occupatioal growth for Medical ad Public Health Social Workers i the Los Ageles Page 48