Pew/NCSL Panel on Investing in Life Sciences Boston Federal Reserve Bank

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1 Pew/NCSL Panel on Investing in Life Sciences Boston Federal Reserve Bank Barry Bluestone Professor, Northeastern School of Public Policy Senior Fellow, The Boston Foundation February 24, 2017

2 Introduction This report provides an up-to-date, independent evaluation of the $1 billion, 10-year Massachusetts Life Sciences Initiative and the Massachusetts Life Sciences Center (MLSC) charged with the responsibility of carrying out its mission

3 Evolution of this Study This study began as a simple evaluation of the job creation efforts of the Massachusetts Life Sciences Center after its first 5 years of operation. But as we delved into this project, we found a much bigger story a fascinating story about regional economic development based on a rapidly-evolving set of highly innovative industries

4 The Mass Life Sciences Center Its mandate was broad: to encourage basic research, development, and commercialization in the biosciences ensure the preparation of a skilled workforce to meet the needs of the state s bioscience industry cluster, and build stronger collaboration between the sectors of the local and international life sciences community

5 First 4 years of MLSC Operations

6 The Big Question Our goal in this evaluation was to gather as much data as possible to assess whether the Commonwealth s sizeable commitment of public resources is paying off in the form helping to create a life sciences super cluster capable of: Attracting massive amounts of investment dollars Generating well-paying jobs for Massachusetts residents Yielding additional tax revenue for the Commonwealth

7 Employment Trajectory in the Commonwealth s Life Sciences Cluster

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9 Massachusetts Employment Growth by Industry Sector ( )

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13 MASSACHUSETTS CALIFORNIA NEW YORK NEW JERSEY

14 MASSACHUSETTS

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23 Measuring the Economic Return on the MLSC Tax Incentive Program

24 Economic Return on MLSC Tax Incentive Investments

25 Economic Return on MLSC Tax Incentive Investments

26 Economic Return on MLSC Tax Incentive Investments

27 Economic Return on MLSC Tax Incentive Investments

28 Economic Return on MLSC Tax Incentive Investments

29 Economic Return on MLSC Tax Incentive Investments And this does not include any Multiplier Effects

30 Tax-Incentive Program Jobs and Income Generated

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33 11% over target

34 A Unique Growth Model

35 Traditional Model of Regional Economic Development Attract an anchor firm a big fish - and smaller fish will follow making up a supply chain and creating additional employment opportunity

36 Chattanooga, Tennessee 2008: $1 billion new assembly plant VW

37 Innovation-based Model of Regional Economic Development Stimulate the growth of small innovative start-ups the minnows and a large enough school in a region will attract the Big Fish Big Pharma Big Pharma want front row seats where they can keep track of the minnows and acquire the most successful of them

38 RESEARCH INSTITUTIONS UNIVERSITIES MEDICAL INSTITUTIONS

39 Role of MLSC in Attracting Life Science Investment to the Commonwealth The MLSC has only a minor direct role in attracting large global leaders in Big Pharma and Medical Devices to Massachusetts But it plays a major role in encouraging the development of small innovative firms in the life science cluster And the proliferation of these smaller firms has helped attract 8 of the top 10 Global Leaders in Big Pharma to our state Pfizer, Novartis, Johnson & Johnson, Sanofi, AstraZeneca, Abbott Laboratories, Merck, and Bristol-Myers Squibb

40 Why has the MLSC been so successful?

41 Secrets of Success Use of the Scientific Advisory Board Rigorous and Diligent review of investments Managing efficiently and effectively lots of moving parts Building a Life Sciences ECOSYSTEM of collaboration Responsive to industry needs Focused on Mission

42 Conclusions about the Initiative All of our research suggests that the state has benefited from funding the MLSC. This is particularly important as other states ramp up their investments in hopes of creating their own life sciences ecosystems so as to entice the small and large firms Massachusetts has successfully attracted. California, Maryland, New Jersey, New York, Minnesota, and Florida are not resting on their laurels, but continue to spend state funds on their own life sciences industries

43 Broader Lessons from the MLSC Experience Long-term success in the use of tax incentives and business loans is most likely to occur when funds are focused on a cluster of firms and a set of technologies in a given industry helping to create an industrial ecosystem which helps attract new firms to the state The use of expert panels to determine the awarding of loans assures that these funds will be well-utilized along with the use of claw-back provisions that require firms repay funds advanced by the Commonwealth if they fail to meet hiring goals A focus on encouraging firms in their early-stage innovation activity is central to promoting economic growth and prosperity Helping fund workforce development efforts for critical industries as part of the mandate of the quasi-public helps assure a pipeline of skilled workers Taking a portfolio approach to the entire range of activities in the life sciences from investments in small innovative firms to helping train the future workforce to underwriting infrastructure -- helps sustain the ecosystem undergirding a virtuous cycle of discovery, innovation, investment, and employment opportunity

44 Thank You