Food: Obesity, Access and Ongoing Issues

Transcription

1 MODULE 11: FOOD: OBESITY, ACCESS AND ONGOING ISSUES Food: Obesity, Access and Ongoing Issues The Food Trust: Case Study Allison Karpyn, PhD Director, Research and Evaluation The Food Trust

2 Module 11: Food: Obesity, Access and Ongoing Issues Part 2: Supermarket Access 2

3 Supermarket Campaign Evolved from community explaining its needs - Stores fled to suburbs and farmers markets are seasonal Developed a multisector approach for engagement - Economic development - City/regional Planning - Children's Health advocates 3

4 Outlining the Process Source: Lang B, Harries C, Manon M, Tucker J, Kim E, Ansell S and Smith P. (2013). Healthy Food Financing Handbook. Philadelphia, PA: The Food Trust. 4

5 Pennsylvania Fresh Food Financing Initiative Public-private partnership $120 million financing program that provides grants and loans to supermarkets and grocery stores 5 Top 15 Innovations in American Government Harvard University s Kennedy School of Government, 2009 Source:

6 Pennsylvania Results 88 new or improved grocery stores approved for funding in underserved communities 1.67 million square feet of retail space 5,000 jobs created or retained 400,000 of the state s underserved residents reached $190 million total project costs resulting from $30 million in state seed money $540,000 increase in local tax revenue from a single store in Philadelphia 6 Source:

7 Programs Nationwide New Jersey ($20mil) California ($270 mil) LA ($14mil) New York ($30mil) New Orleans ($14 mil) Illinois ($13 mil) Emerging Programs: Colorado ($7.1 mil), Ohio ($5 mil), Maryland and Massachusetts Source: Healthy Food Access Portal,

8 California FreshWorks Fund FreshWorks is a public-private partnership with The California Endowment, NCB Capital Impact and other community, industry and government partners. Loan fund created to bring grocery stores, markets that offer fresh produce, and other innovative forms of healthy food retail. $272 million Example Priorities - Have at least one junk-food-free checkout aisle. - Product placement, pricing and promotion encourage healthy choices. - The operator chooses not to sell cigarettes. 8

9 Creating a National Healthy Food Financing Initiative We want to replicate your success in Pennsylvania all across America. -- First Lady Michelle Obama 9 Source:

10 What is the Healthy Food Financing Initiative? Supports development of new and existing grocery stores, coops, farmers markets, other healthy food retail, and other projects Provides grants, tax credits, and technical assistance to qualified applicants Focused on low-income, underserved urban and rural communities ( food deserts ) Federal government s 1st ever coordinated step to address food deserts 10

11 Healthy Food Financing Initiative Benefits o Improve public health o Create quality jobs o Spur economic development o Revitalize neighborhoods o Build market opportunities for farmers and ranchers 11

12 HFFI Federal Budget Fiscal year 2012 budget approved $32 million for HFFI through Treasury ($22 million) and HHS ($10 million). Fiscal year 2013 budget request: total of $285 million through Treasury ($25 million), HHS ($10 million), and a $250 million set-aside within $7 billion New Market Tax Credit program. 12

13 But if you are looking for what you hope will change obesity, healthy food access is probably just wishful thinking. 13

14 14

15 Four Reasons to Keep it 1. Its part of a comprehensive approach - which might be working million Americans don t have access to Affordable Nutritious food now. (Fundamentally - How do you solve obesity if that s the case?) 3. There is evidence to support it! 4. It has other benefits too -like economic development. 15

16 16 Abracadabra!

17 To my knowledge, no one of any credibility has ever suggested that access was the entire solution or that anything involving the complicated relationship between diet and health is simple. - Mari Gallagher 17

18 18 Obesity: Part of a Complex System

19 Prepare & Inform: The Grocery Gap (2010) 132 studies covering 20 years of research 61 peer-reviewed 71 conducted by practitioners or policy researchers Source: 19

20 The Grocery Gap Adults living in neighborhoods with supermarkets have the lowest rates of obesity and overweight. Adults living in neighborhoods with no supermarkets have the highest rates. 20

21 Current Approaches to Research/Evaluation Cross-sectional designs Comparison group designs & Natural Experiments (prospective) Evaluation efforts that include health outcomes and economic benefits 21

22 CA Evaluation Documentation of CFWF Development & Implementation Changes in Access to and Consumption Patterns of Healthy Foods Economic Opportunities Influence and Leverage 22

23 23 Research: It can be messy.

24 Store Enumeration 24

25 25 Store Quality

26 26 Respondent Bias