Putting Nanotechnology on the Map

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Alicia Bradley
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1 Executive Summary Putting Nanotechnology on the Map Nanotechnology has the potential to play a key role in local economic development throughout the world over the coming decades. The emergence of nanotechnology clusters, where companies are linked by common markets, labor pools, and similar technologies, is already well-underway in the United States. Whether these clusters will gain performance advantages through co-location and have significant impacts on local economies is yet to be determined, but the identification of emerging pockets of activity is an important first step in the development of strategies to improve local innovation and stimulate employment growth. These emerging clusters may benefit from place-based economic development strategies already being used in states such as California, Texas, Oregon, Arizona, Minnesota, Pennsylvania, and Connecticut. To explore how and where nanotechnology is being developed and commercialized in the United States, the Project on Emerging Nanotechnologies (PEN) has compiled publicly available data and created an inventory of maps that can be used to examine the locations of more than 800 companies, universities, government laboratories, and other organizations located in the United States and working in nanotechnology. The total includes 637 companies, 138 university and government laboratories, and 45 other types of organizations. Entries have been mapped based on their 3-digit zip code (the first three digits of their 5-digit zip code). Figure I. Number of companies, universities, government laboratories, and/or organizations working in nanotechnology and located in each 3-digit zip code Nano Metro (820 Total). 1

2 In the following analysis, states and, so called, 3-digit zip code Nano Metros are ranked based on the number of entries they contain. In addition, 8 sectors are used for the classification of entries, with each entry getting one sector based on its primary focus of work as determined by its website. Companies are split into the following 6 sectors: Electronics; Energy and Environmental Applications; Imaging and Microscopy; Materials; Medicine and Health; and Tools and Instruments. Universities and government laboratories are grouped under: Academic and Government Research. Nonprofits, think tanks, and professional organizations are simply grouped under the sector: Organization. Maps for each sector and an interactive Google-based map are also available in the Maps section. More information on the methodology and sectors and a document containing the data used in the maps are available in the appendix. Conclusions In all, 47 of 50 states and the District of Columbia have been found to contain at least one company, university, government laboratory, or organization working in nanotechnology, showing that nanotechnology activities are occurring throughout the United States. The top 4 states overall (each with over 50 entries) are: California, Massachusetts, New York, and Texas. These states also make up the top 4 states with companies and universities and government labs working in nanotechnology. California, New York, Ohio and the District of Columbia have the most organizations working in nanotechnology. The top 5 Nano Metros (each with over 20 entries) are: San Jose, CA; Boston, MA; San Francisco, CA; Oakland, CA; and Middlesex-Essex, MA. The top 3 sectors of companies working in nanotechnology (each with over 100 entries) are: materials, medicine and health, and tools and instruments. The number of universities and government laboratories working in nanotechnology is also significant, with 138 identified. Getting on the Map Users are encouraged to use the form provided in the appendix to submit new information or changes. For questions on methodology or analysis, please contact Natalie Chin at natalie.chin@wilsoncenter.org. 2

Analysis Top 12 States Rankings are based on the number of companies, universities, government laboratories, and/or organizations located in each state and working in nanotechnology. Figure II.

3 Analysis Top 12 States Rankings are based on the number of companies, universities, government laboratories, and/or organizations located in each state and working in nanotechnology. Figure II. Top 12 states with companies, universities, government laboratories, and/or organizations working in nanotechnology. The top 12 states are: California 161 entries Massachusetts 80 entries New York 61 entries Texas 55 entries Pennsylvania 35 entries Michigan 28 entries Illinois 27 entries New Jersey 27 entries Florida 26 entries Ohio 25 entries Colorado 24 entries Washington 23 entries 3

4 Companies, By State Rankings are based on the number of companies located in each state and working in nanotechnology. It includes companies with the following sector classifications: Electronics; Energy and Environmental Applications; Imaging and Microscopy; Materials; Medicine and Health; and Tools and Instruments. Figure III. Top 10 states with companies working in nanotechnology. The top 10 states are: California 136 entries Massachusetts 69 entries New York 43 entries Texas 43 entries Pennsylvania 29 entries Florida 24 entries New Jersey 24 entries Illinois 21 entries Michigan 21 entries Colorado 20 entries 4

Academic and Government Research, By State Rankings are based on the number of universities and/or government laboratories located in each state and working in nanotechnology.

5 Academic and Government Research, By State Rankings are based on the number of universities and/or government laboratories located in each state and working in nanotechnology. For simplicity, the District of Columbia is classified as a state for this analysis. Figure IV. Top 12 states with universities and/or government laboratories working in nanotechnology. The top 12 states are: California 15 entries New York 12 entries Texas 10 entries Massachusetts 9 entries Virginia 8 entries Maryland 6 entries District of Columbia 5 entries Illinois 5 entries Michigan 5 entries New Mexico 5 entries Pennsylvania 5 entries Washington 5 entries 5

6 Organizations, By State Rankings are based on the number of organizations located in each state and working in nanotechnology. For simplicity, the District of Columbia is classified as a state for this analysis. Figure V. Top 9 states with organizations working in nanotechnology. The top 9 states are: California 10 entries District of Columbia 6 entries New York 6 entries Ohio 3 entries Connecticut 2 entries Massachusetts 2 entries Michigan 2 entries Oklahoma 2 entries Texas 2 entries 6

Top 12 Nano Metros Rankings are based on the number of companies, universities, government laboratories, and/or organizations located in each 3-digit zip code Nano Metro and working in nanotechnology.

7 Top 12 Nano Metros Rankings are based on the number of companies, universities, government laboratories, and/or organizations located in each 3-digit zip code Nano Metro and working in nanotechnology. Names for each 3-digit zip code Nano Metro have been determined using the United States Postal Service 3-Digit Zip Code Prefix Matrix ( Figure VI. Top 12 Nano Metros with companies, universities, government laboratories, and/or organizations working in nanotechnology. The top 12 Nano Metros are: San Jose, CA 38 entries Boston, MA 36 entries San Francisco, CA 31 entries Oakland, CA 22 entries Middlesex-Essex, MA 21 entries San Diego, CA 20 entries Austin, TX 18 entries Denver, CO 18 entries Houston, TX 18 entries Chicago, IL 15 entries Santa Ana, CA 15 entries Seattle, WA 15 entries 7

8 Number of Entries, By Sector Figure VII. Number of nanotechnology entries by sector. Number of entries per sector: Materials 218 entries Academic and Government Research 138 entries Medicine and Health 133 entries Tools and Instruments 133 entries Electronics 69 entries Energy and Environmental Applications 48 entries Organization 45 entries Imaging and Microscopy 36 entries More information on each sector classification is available in the appendix. 8

9 Map Inventory Static Maps Companies, universities, government laboratories, and organizations have been examined as a whole, as well as by sector classification, and ranked based on the number of entries in each state or, so called, 3-digit zip code Nano Metro. 8 sectors are used for the classification of all entries, with each entry getting one sector based on its primary focus of work as determined by its website. Companies are split into the following 6 sectors: Imaging and Microscopy; Medicine and Health; Electronics; Materials; Energy and Environmental Applications; and Tools and Instruments. Universities and government laboratories are grouped under: Academic and Government Research. Nonprofits, think tanks, and professional organizations are classified simply as: Organizations. Names for each 3-digit zip code Nano Metro have been determined using the United States Postal Service 3-Digit Zip Code Prefix Matrix ( Maps for each sector follow. 9

Academic and Government Research Figure VIII. Number of universities and/or government laboratories located in each 3-digit zip code Nano Metro and working in nanotechnology (138 Total).

10 Academic and Government Research Figure VIII. Number of universities and/or government laboratories located in each 3-digit zip code Nano Metro and working in nanotechnology (138 Total). Nano Metros with universities and/or government laboratories working in nanotechnology: Boston, MA 7 entries Houston, TX 6 entries Albuquerque, NM 5 entries Washington, DC 5 entries Northern VA 4 entries Raleigh, NC 4 entries 6 Nano Metros 3 entries 16 Nano Metros 2 entries 64 Nano Metros 1 entry 10

11 Electronics Figure IX. Number of companies located in each 3-digit zip code Nano Metro and working in nanotechnology and electronics (69 Total). Nano Metros with companies working in nanotechnology and electronics: San Jose, CA 9 entries San Francisco, CA 6 entries Minneapolis, MN 4 entries Middlesex-Essex, MA 3 entries Oakland, CA 3 entries 11 Nano Metros 2 entries 22 Nano Metros 1 entry 11

12 Environmental and Energy Applications Figure X. Number of companies located in each 3-digit zip code Nano Metro and working in nanotechnology and environmental and energy applications (48 Total). Nano Metros with companies working in nanotechnology and environmental and energy applications: Detroit, MI 4 entries 7 Nano Metros 2 entries 30 Nano Metros 1 entry 12

13 Imaging and Microscopy Figure XI. Number of companies located in each 3-digit zip code Nano Metro and working in nanotechnology and imaging and microscopy (36 Total). Nano Metros with companies working in nanotechnology and imaging and microscopy: Madison, WI 2 entries Oakland, CA 2 entries Phoenix, AZ 2 entries San Jose, CA 2 entries Seattle, WA 2 entries 26 Nano Metros 1 entry 13

14 Materials Figure XII. Number of companies located in each 3-digit zip code Nano Metro and working in nanotechnology and materials (218 Total). Nano Metros with companies working in nanotechnology and materials: Boston, MA 12 entries Santa Ana, CA 7 entries San Jose, CA 6 entries Worcester, MA 6 entries Detroit, CO 6 entries 7 Nano Metros 5 entries Albany, NY 4 entries 12 Nano Metros 3 entries 25 Nano Metros 2 entries 56 Nano Metros 1 entry 14

15 Medicine and Health Figure XIII. Number of companies located in each 3-digit zip code Nano Metro and working in nanotechnology and medicine and health (133 Total). Nano Metros with companies working in nanotechnology and medicine and health: Boston, MA 11 entries Middlesex-Essex, MA 7 entries San Diego, CA 7 entries San Francisco, CA 7 entries Chicago, IL 5 entries Oakland, CA 5 entries Austin, TX 4 entries Waterford, CT 4 entries Houston, TX 3 entries Raleigh, NC 3 entries Santa Ana, CA 3 entries Suburban MD 3 entries 15 Nano Metros 2 entries 41 Nano Metros 1 entry 15

16 Organization Figure XIV. Number of organizations located in each 3-digit zip code Nano Metro and working in nanotechnology (45 Total). Nano Metros with organizations working in nanotechnology: Washington, DC 6 entries New York City, NY 5 entries San Francisco, CA 4 entries San Jose, CA 4 entries Boston, MA 2 entries Cleveland, OH 2 entries Oklahoma City, OK 2 entries 20 Nano Metros 1 entry 16

17 Tools and Instruments Figure XV. Number of companies located in each 3-digit zip code Nano Metro and working in nanotechnology and tools and instruments (133 Total). Nano Metros with companies working in nanotechnology and tools and instruments: San Jose, CA 14 entries Austin, TX 6 entries Portland, OR 5 entries 7 Nano Metros 4 entries 8 Nano Metros 3 entries 9 Nano Metros 2 entries 38 Nano Metros 1 entry 17

18 Interactive Map An interactive, web-based Google map of companies, universities, government laboratories, and organizations working in nanotechnology is also available, indicating locations of entries with some introduced margin of error. Addresses are accurate to the zip code - locations were slightly randomized to ensure locations did not overlap. Also included for each entry is a link to its website. Pins representing the location of each entry are color-coded based on the sector to which that entry belongs. Color coding is as follows: 1. Academic and Government Research - Purple 2. Electronics - Orange 3. Energy and Environmental Applications Blue 4. Imaging and Microscopy - Yellow 5. Materials - Navy 6. Medicine and Health - Green 7. Organization White 8. Tools and Instruments - Red Users are able to zoom in on particular Nano Metros in the United States and examine the different companies, universities, government laboratories, and/or organizations located there. Clicking on an individual pin provides the entry name, sector and a link to its website. The interactive map is available here: 18

19 Appendix I. Methodology Companies, universities, government laboratories, and other organizations included in these maps have been found via publicly available data listed through: an online directory of nanotechnology companies; The 2007 SmallTimes Business Directory; An article in Chemical & Engineering News, entitled Building Up Nanotech Research (April 19, 2007); and Research conducted in conjunction with PEN s Consumer Products Inventory (available here: Entries located in the United States have been the primary focus of this project. Excluded from the maps are any financial/capital venture firms. Information included in the inventory has been re-confirmed via the company, university, government laboratory, or organization s website. For an entry to have been included, nanotechnology is mentioned in some capacity on its website. We have made no attempt to verify company, university, government laboratory, or organization claims about their work in nanotechnology. A. Sectors Each company, university, government laboratory, and organization is assigned a Sector. Each entry was given only one sector, based on its primary focus of work as determined by its website. The following subcategories were generally used to determine sector: 1. Academic and Government Research Includes universities and government laboratories. 2. Electronics Includes work in computer hardware, display, robotics, etc. 3. Energy and Environmental Applications Includes work in automotives, fuel cells, batteries, MEMS, etc. 4. Imaging and Microscopy Includes work in optics, etc. 5. Materials Includes work in buckytubes, nanocoatings, nanoparticles, nanocomposites, nanopowders, nanocrystals, nanotubes, thin films, chemistry, fabrics, etc. 6. Medicine and Health Includes work in nanobiotechnology, drugs, medical devices, skin treatments, etc. 7. Organization Includes non-profits, think tanks, professional organizations, etc. 8. Tools and Instruments Includes work in computer software, nanolithography, etc. 19

20 B. Creating the Maps Static maps have been created using Mapland software. This software program provides the ability to create maps of the entire United States, which indicate the number of companies, universities, government laboratories, and organizations located in each state by the 3-digit zip code (the first three digits of the 5-digit zip code). Names of each 3-digit zip code Nano Metro have been determined using the United States Postal Service 3-Digit Zip Code Prefix Matrix ( II. Raw Map Data Information about companies, universities, government laboratories, and organizations included in the maps is available here: 20

21 III. Getting on the Map (Updates) For additions or changes or fax the following form to This form can be filled out electronically here: Nanotechnology Map Inventory Update Form Entry Name: Entry Location (City, State and Zip Code): Entry Website: Entry Category (Please Check One): Academic and Government Research Imaging and Microscopy Medicine and Health Electronics Materials Energy and Environmental Applications Organization Tools and Instruments 21

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