Postgraduate Teaching Centre, Cardiff University 20 & 21 september 2017, Cardiff. Boosting the Impact of Social Sciences & Humanities

Transcription

1 Postgraduate Teaching Centre, Cardiff University 20 & 21 september 2017, Cardiff Boosting the Impact of Social Sciences & Humanities :

2 Boosting the Impact of Social Sciences and Humanities Room & 21 september 2017, Cardiff Entrepreneurship How can entrepreneurship and social entreprises offer new perspectives for SSH Research? Wim Fyen Andrew Fairweather-Tall Wojciech Roskiewicz

3 Boosting the Impact of Social Sciences and Humanities Room & 21 september 2017, Cardiff Entrepreneurship Wim Fyen Coordinator of the Leuven Community for Innovation driven Entrepreneurship (Lcie), BE

4 Boosting the Impact of Social Sciences and Humanities Room & 21 september 2017, Cardiff Entrepreneurship Andrew Fairweather-Tall Head of the Humanities Research Support, University of Oxford, UK

5 How can entrepreneurship and social enterprises offer new perspectives for SSH research? Andrew Fairweather-Tall University of Oxford

6 Oxford has the largest grouping of humanities scholars in the world 679 academic and research staff 5967 students (70% undergraduates, 13% PGT, 17% doctoral) Turnover of ~ 77M in ( 15.6M research income) 1st overall for research power Largest submission of Humanities researchers (by far) at 608 FTE QS World University Rankings 2017 placed Oxford first in the world for Arts and Humanities; Times Higher Education places us fourth Boosting Impact of Social Sciences and Humanities September 2017, Cardiff

7 From disciplinary power emerges interdisciplinary innovation and collaboration

8 What does it mean to be entrepreneurial in an academic setting? Entrepreneurial activity, social enterprise, or cultural engagement, all share a commitment to creative & lateral ways of thinking, connecting & problem-solving. Oxford University Innovation Working Group, 2015 Boosting Impact of Social Sciences and Humanities September 2017, Cardiff

9 Entrepreneurship is the pursuit of opportunity beyond the resources you currently control Howard Stephenson, Harvard Business School Spaces for supported risk-taking and innovation incubation Opportunities and competition Boosting Impact of Social Sciences and Humanities September 2017, Cardiff

10 Case Study Trusted Source: a Knowledge Transfer Partnership Bite-sized and readable academic content for NT visitors and staff Support s NT s key aims to move, teach and inspire Improved visitor experience = repeat visits, increases NT Boosting membership, Impact of Social Sciences and Humanities higher September 2017, Cardiff shop spend/dwell time

11 Case Study working with Royal and Derngate Theatre Boosting Impact of Social Sciences and Humanities September 2017, Cardiff

12 Case Study transformation of the Quill Quill is a digital platform focussed especially on the creation of constitutions, treaties, and legislation. Flagship project is analysis of the records of the Constitutional Convention of 1787 that wrote the Constitution of the United States. It has developed a variety of innovative digital tools for readers and editors. Boosting Impact of Social Sciences and Humanities September 2017, Cardiff

13 Conclusion: are there new insights on offer? Enriched research questions, how they are approached, and answered Serendipity and experimentation where you start off is never where you end up Access to new relationships, opportunities, contacts and networks Developing a range of new skills Personal fulfilment through diversity of work, sharing knowledge, and influencing change Boosting Impact of Social Sciences and Humanities September 2017, Cardiff

14 Boosting the Impact of Social Sciences and Humanities Room & 21 september 2017, Cardiff Entrepreneurship Wojciech Roskiewicz Head of Unit, Research and Business Accelerator, Fraunhofer Center for International Management and Knowledge Economy IMW, DE

15 15 Conference: Boosting the Impact of Social Sciences & Humanities , Cardiff, Wales ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN THE HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES LESSONS LEARNED FROM FRAUNHOFER, GERMANY & POLAND Mr. Wojciech Roskiewicz Head, Business & Research Fraunhofer Center for International Management & Knowledge Economy Leipzig, Germany

16 THIS PRESENTATION CONCERNS The relevance of the humanities and social sciences (SSH) in general The role of SSH at Fraunhofer: the largest organization for applied research in Europe Similarities and differences in supporting SSH-Entrepreneurship in Germany and Poland The barriers and drivers in promoting SSH-Entrepreneurship The opportunities and benefits that result from including SSH into entrepreneurship 16

17 TOPICS 1. Fraunhofer Case 2. Project SSH-Entrepreneurship in Germany & Poland 3. Conclusions & Recommendations 17

18 COMMON STEREOTYPES ABOUT THE HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES burger-flippers losers unprofitable sciences factory of unemployed people without solid skills thinkers & geniuses risk takers Inter-disciplinarity creativity people with open minds 18

19 "It's in Apple's DNA that technology alone is not enough. That it's technology married with liberal arts, married with the humanities, that yields us the result that makes our heart sing." Steve Jobs (2011) 19

20 THE GERMAN RESEARCH LANDSCAPE THE BIG PLAYERS OF RESEARCH Basic research Applied research Industrial Research Associations Industrial Research (Companies) Max Planck Society Universities Institutions of Higher Education Public funding Private funding Source: BMBF Germany (simplified)

21 1. THE FRAUNHOFER-GESELLSCHAFT EUROPE S LARGEST ORGANIZATION FOR APPLIED RESEARCH 69 institutes More than 24,000 employees Over 250 competencies 2 billion Euro research budget 70% income from the market 20 spinoffs annually 2 patents daily 3 inventions daily

22 INNOVATION: MORE THAN TECHNICAL INVENTION OUR GOAL: A HOLISTIC APPROACH TO INNOVATION Technology Market Innovation Engineering Science Natural Science Life Science Economic Science Social Science Political Science

23 INNOVATION QUESTIONS FROM A SOCIOECONOMIC PERSPECTIVE Are there any conflicts concerning user acceptance? What kind of business models are needed? Which stakeholders follow which goals? What price can be charged? How does the competition evolve? How does knowledge transfer work in How can we the age of balance economic, digitization? social, and ecological goals? What kind of technologies are currently being developed? Which qualifications do we need for these new technologies?

24 RELEVANCE OF FRAUNHOFER TRENDS Cooperation: Fraunhofer GROUPS 1. Defense and Security 2. Information and Communication Tech 3. Life Sciences 4. Light & Surfaces 5. Materials and Components 6. Microelectronics 7. Production 8. Innovation Research (2017) 4 institutes, 500 employees Education: Fraunhofer ACADEMY Fraunhofer MARKETING Entrepreneurship: Fraunhofer VENTURE Fraunhofer IMW ACCELERATOR SSH-Research: Fraunhofer ISI, IAO, IMW

25 2. ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN THE HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES IN GERMANY AND POLAND Project Coordinator: Fraunhofer Center for International Management and Knowledge Economy (Leipzig, Germany) Project Partner: University of Wroclaw, Faculty of Social Sciences (Wroclaw, Poland) Project Supporter: German-Polish Science Foundation (DPWS)

26 BACKGROUND 1. Transformation of Economic Activities: Emergence of knowledge-based economy, development of knowledge-intensive goods and services 2. Development of the Labor Market: Increased importance of self-employment and entrepreneurship 3. Situation of Humanities and Social Sciences (SSH): Budget cuts & need of justification vs. great potential & increased demand 4. Role of Universities and Research Centers: Knowledge transfer from universities into society and economy by knowledge-driven start-ups and spin-offs & Third Mission

27 MOTIVATION Research Gap: No complex research on entrepreneurship in the SHH in Germany and Poland so far in comparison to technology-driven entrepreneurship Desideratum of Research: Research of Entrepreneurship in the Humanities and Social Sciences in Germany and Poland, as well as relevant funding systems and support tools in Germany and Poland Character of Research: Pioneer stage, first comprehensive research about this topic in Germany and Poland and first German-Polish cooperation in this field

28 CENTRAL ISSUES OF RESEARCH Typology of Entrepreneuship: What forms of entrepreneurship within the Humanities and Social Sciences exist and which experiences do startups from this field have before/ during/ after the establishment of their business? Drivers and Barriers: What factors promote or hinder start-up activities in the Humanities and Social Sciences? How and by whom are these activities (not) promoted? German-Polish context: What similarities and differences can be observed in the start-up activities in the German-Polish context and what can founders from Germany and Poland learn from each other?

29 SSH-ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN GERMANY

30 SUPPORT INFRASTRUCTURE IN GERMANY - INFRASTRUCTURE Entrepreneurship Centers BVIZ Exist Startup Universities Quelle: BVIZ (2017) Quelle: Exist (2014)

31 ENTREPRENEURSHIP SUPPORT IN GERMANY GOVERNMENT Selected Key Facts: State support: available for the majority of entrepreneurs in Germany Programs: 2000 support programs nationwide Funding sources: EU, federal, state (Länder) Role of the government: The federal government promotes technology transfer from science to industry by supporting scientists from research institutions in R&D projects and by providing financing tools for start-ups. Promotion of entrepreneurship: is part of the regional economic development level and is based on federal state matters

32 ENTREPRENEURSHIP SUPPORT IN GERMANY UNIVERSITIES Selected Key Facts: Landscape: total number of universities in Germany: 428 Availability: Almost every university offers an entrepreneurship program. Diversity: Each university is different in their focus and tools Specialization: no specialization on specific scientific disciplines Focus: The major focus is the promotion of young, technology-based companies. Federal Support: At the federal level, the EXIST program (BMWi) supports the entrepreneurial environment at universities and research institutions.

33 SELECTED RESULTS GERMANY Funding strategy: Funding institutions focus on mixed teams, rather than on start-ups only from the HSS Funding instruments: Enough coaching and working space, but hardly any financial support for entrepreneurs from the HSS Drivers and barriers: lack of entrepreneurial knowledge and economical motivation Funding-history: Proportion of funded start-ups out of the SSH: >10% Start-ups out of the SSH can be characterized by a high degree of differentiation Future trends: No expectations of significant changes concerning the kind of support for start-ups from the HSS

34 SELECTED RESULTS GERMANY Entrepreneurial potential and successful activities in nearly every field of the HSS Successful start-ups out of the SSH in many German cities Nearly all interviewed founders coming from the SSH call their entrepreneurial activities innovative Most important motivations for entrepreneurship from the SSH: work on one s own responsibility and fulfilling activity Not important motives for entrepreneurship from the SSH: unemployment and continuation of family-tradition Most important difficulties in the founding-process: insufficient preparation of the study programs concerning an economic independence, bureaucratic obstacles and insufficient funding

35 SSH-ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN POLAND

36 ENTREPRENEURSHIP SUPPORT IN POLAND - INFRASTRUCTURE Entrepreneurship and Innovation Centers in Poland Source: (2017)

37 SELECTED RESULTS POLAND Domination of technology-based companies Biggest barriers in creating companies: complexity of the law, high prices of the tenancies The number of LLCs is growing, however the financial sources for academic companies are still very limited. The index of innovation for companies is weak or average at most. Attitudes: entrepreneurs from the field of the SSH do not differ from those from technology-based companies. The business model is similar (motivation, attitudes, barriers, goals).

38 DEMANDS AND RECOMMENDATIONS OF FUNDING INSTITUTIONS Earlier involvement of the topic entrepreneurship into the curriculum Change of the image of entrepreneurship Integration of more positive role models from this area More financial support for start-ups which are not high-tech orientated Development of an business angels landscape

39 DEMANDS AND RECOMMENDATIONS OF ENTREPRENEURS Intensification of entrepreneurial information, education and coaching among students (esp. from the SSH) Presentation of good examples, communication and contact with successful entrepreneurs (esp. from the SSH) Simplification of processes, regulations and rules, application forms etc. Realization of innovative and flexible funding instruments, more applicable to the current situation Give a new definition of "innovation"

40 SSH-ENTREPRENEURSHIP POTENTIAL OF MIXED COMPANIES Companies - Category A The same field of expertise ( Fachgebietsidentisch ) Companies - Category B The foreign field to expertise ( Fachgebietsfremd ) Companies - Category C Inter-field expertise ( Schnittstellen ) Example: E-Humanities

41 OPEN QUESTIONS How could a stronger focus on the founder-personality be achieved instead of concentrating mainly on business plans and/or business contents? Selection criteria for funding How can we overcome prejudices and stereotypes regarding the subject of entrepreneurship in the SSH? Role models How can we support SSH? New innovative / mixed instruments

42 THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION! Quote: To be good is not enough; at the top there is always room (Michael Schumacher, race driver) Wojciech Roskiewicz, M.A. Head, Business & Research Fraunhofer IMW Phone: wojciech.roskiewicz@imw.fraunhofer.de Fraunhofer IMW Neumarkt Leipzig GERMANY

43 Boosting the Impact of Social Sciences and Humanities Room 0.23 Entrepreneurship 20 & 21 september 2017, Cardiff Chaired by: Wim Fyen Coordinator of the Leuven Community for Innovation driven Entrepreneurship (Lcie), BE How can entrepreneurship and social enterprises offer new perspectives for SSH research? Recommendation: - Entrepreneurship is a semantically very loaded word - It s more about the mindset of people and faculty - There is a real value of SSH skills in entrepreneurial projects

44 Boosting the Impact of Social Sciences and Humanities Next up 20 & 21 september 2017, Cardiff Now Lunch 14:00 Local & Regional National International 0.24