2016 Executive Annual Report

Transcription

1 Rock Hill Police Department 216 Executive Annual Report Contributors Chief Chris Watts Major Steve Thompson Major Michael Belk Captain Brent Allmon Captain David Biggers Captain Kathy Harveston Captain Roderick Stinson Executive Officer Mark Bollinger Prepared By: Carrie R. Gordon July 1, 217

2 Table of Contents Message from the Chief of Police Page 3 Vision Statement and Mission Statement Page 4 Department Values Page 5 Active Threats and Incident Command System Training Administrative Review Pages 6-8 Bias Based Profiling Analysis and Administrative Review Pages 9-13 Criminal Intelligence Administrative Review Pages Grievance Analysis and Administrative Review Pages Complaints, Investigations and Lawsuits Analysis and Administrative Review Pages Personnel Early Warning System Administrative Review Pages 28-3 Recruiting Analysis and Administrative Review Pages 31-4 Use of Force Analysis and Administrative Review ages Vehicle Collision Analysis and Administrative Review Pages Vehicle Pursuits Analysis and Administrative Review Pages Addendum 216 Crime Analysis Report Pages East Black Street, Rock Hill SC 2973 Page 2

3 It is my pleasure to present to you the 216 Rock Hill Police Department (RHPD) Annual Report. The men and women of the RHPD are committed to providing the best service possible and maintaining a high level of professionalism and confidence within the community. In an effort to be as transparent and proactive as possible, the RHPD has created the 216 Annual Report. We hope that this report will help you better understand the activities, processes, and procedures of the Police Department that occurred during the 216 year. I look forward to working with all members of our community to make Rock Hill an even better and safer place to live, work and visit. Sincerely, Chris Watts Chief of Police 12 East Black Street, Rock Hill SC 2973 Page 3

4 VISION STATEMENT To be a highly respected leader in law enforcement, dedicated to providing quality police services while holding ourselves accountable to the highest standards of excellence and integrity. MISSION STATEMENT To protect, serve and cultivate community partnerships to ensure safety and security for all. 12 East Black Street, Rock Hill SC 2973 Page 4

5 DEPARTMENT VALUES The Rock Hill Police Department is built on a philosophy that includes the following values: COMMUNITY We are dedicated to a superior quality of life. We value our city and its part in a safe and clean environment. We believe that a diverse workforce promotes justice for all citizens. TEAMWORK We respect the contributions of each Department member and believe our employees are our most valuable resource. We trust each other and work together to cultivate trust. We promote innovation by encouraging independent action and initiative. We recognize that progress depends on cooperation with others and foster partnerships with our community. INTEGRITY We realize that personal and organizational ethics are essential to our mission. We believe in treating our citizens and visitors with courtesy and respect. We subscribe to the principle that all services will be delivered in a fair, equitable, and honest manner that preserves the democratic values of our community. LOYALTY We believe in loyalty to our oath of office, our Department, our community. We are devoted to reaching the youth of our community to provide guidance and actively encourage their development as citizens. EXCELLENCE We are convinced that excellence in the provision of police services can only be achieved by effective planning, hard work, the timely application of necessary resources, professional training, careful and consistent supervision, and the support of the community. SAFETY We will always comply with established Federal, State, and local safety standards. We will strive to use our best judgment and work as safely as possible daily. We will never intentionally endanger the public we serve. COMMUNITY SERVICE We recognize the need in our community to assist the less fortunate. We will encourage all department members to contribute to their community by volunteering available time and resources to assist those in need. 12 East Black Street, Rock Hill SC 2973 Page 5

6 Introduction Rock Hill Police Department 216 Active Threat Policy and Training Administrative Review The Rock Hill Police Department is committed to the protection and safety of the citizens of Rock Hill and the many people who visit or travel throughout city. The safety of all persons involved in a critical incident or active threat is of paramount importance. The Department is fully prepared to respond to different types of emergencies that may arise within the City of Rock Hill and the surrounding area. Department members will provide available resources to other agencies or request assistance as necessary in order to enhance the effectiveness of police services. Officers have been trained to properly respond to an active threat situation to minimize the number of causalities and stop the use of deadly physical force as quickly as possible. The cooperation and collaboration of city officials, city departments, county, state, and federal government agencies, hospitals, private agencies, community leaders and neighboring communities is critical to achieving public safety. Definitions Emergencies: events or situations that cause or could potentially cause harm or damage to the citizens of Rock Hill or their property. Examples may include, but are not limited to: manmade disasters (hazardous spills, gas leaks); natural disasters (hurricanes or tornadoes); or civil or criminal actions that create potential hazards. Incident: Any planned or unplanned occurrence or event, regardless of cause, which requires action by public safety personnel to prevent or minimize loss of life and damage to property and/or natural resources. Incident Command System (ICS): A management tool to assist Department members in identifying and assigning responsibility for major incidents. Active Threat: Any incident which by its deliberate nature creates an immediate threat or present imminent danger to the community. Active threats may include, but are not limited to: active shooters, hostage/barricaded persons, snipers, suicide bombers, and/or terrorist threats. Active Shooter: One or more suspects who participate in a random or systematic shooting spree, demonstrating their intent to continuously harm others in order to inflict serious bodily harm and/or mass casualties. Serious Bodily Injury: Any bodily injury that involves a substantial risk of death, a permanent disfigurement, or protracted loss or impairment of the function of any part or organ of the body. Deadly Physical Force: The intended, natural and probable consequence of which is to produce death, which does, in fact produce death. 12 East Black Street, Rock Hill SC 2973 Page 6

7 Rapid Deployment: A tactical concept developed to respond to an active threat, wherein law enforcement officer(s) move rapidly toward the active threat to terminate the use of physical force as quickly as possible and thereby saving lives. Homeland Security Advisory System: The President of the United States established a national Homeland Security Advisory System (HSAS). The HSAS is designed to disseminate information to State and Local authorities regarding the risk of terrorist acts and is comprised of five threat conditions or levels. As the threat level rises, the risk of terrorist attack increases. Terrorism: Calculated use of violence or threats of violence to obtain goals that are political, religious, or ideological in nature. This can be accomplished through intimidation, coercion, the use of violence or by instilling fear. Terrorism includes a criminal act against persons or property that is intended to influence an audience beyond the immediate victims. Weapons of Mass Destruction(WMD): Any weapon or device that is intended, or has the capability, to cause death or serious bodily injury to a significant number of people through the release, dissemination, or impact of biological, nuclear/radiological, incendiary, chemical, or explosive agents/devices. Process and Procedures The Rock Hill Police Department is highly committed to providing protection to the City of Rock Hill during emergency situations. Policies and procedures have been established in reference to the Incident Command System (ICS) that follow National Incident Management System (NIMS) guidelines. Department members follow the ICS during critical incidents in order to facilitate an orderly and effective response to emergency situations requiring coordination with other City departments and outside agencies. Department members maintain active working relationships with members of all local criminal justice agencies in order to maintain vital working relationships with law enforcement agencies with adjacent and concurrent jurisdictions. These relationships enhance the exchange of information in criminal investigations, fugitive arrests, and planning joint operations for dealing with critical incidents, criminal conduct and traffic operations. Team supervisors serve as the liaison for such activities during an event in which the ICS, or any variation of, is deemed appropriate and necessary for the protection and safety of the community. The Rock Hill Police Department is fully prepared to rapidly respond to any active threat situation in order to restore safety to the community and those involved. Officers responding to an active threat situation intervene to neutralize the threat, prevent access to additional victims, rescue injured persons and potential victims, and make contact and eliminate the threat by using any legal means at their disposal. This may include arrest, containment, or use of deadly force when justified. The City of Rock Hill Hometown Security Coordinator is responsible for maintaining the Emergency Action Plan and the Emergency Action Plan Supplement, which are part of the City of Rock Hill s Hometown Security Plan. Supplemental information from county, state and federal agencies is maintained in Hometown Security Coordinator s Office and the Communications 12 East Black Street, Rock Hill SC 2973 Page 7

8 Center. The plan and supplemental material are reviewed annually. The Field Services Major is responsible for planning the Department s response to critical incidents. In addition, RHPD personnel regularly participate in periodic mock exercises conducted by the York County Emergency Management Agency. 12 East Black Street, Rock Hill SC 2973 Page 8

9 Introduction Rock Hill Police Department 216 Bias Based Profiling Administrative Review The Rock Hill Police Department is committed to providing unbiased law enforcement services and ensuring the constitutional protections of the citizens we serve. The Department recognizes the legitimacy of criminal profiling. However, the selection of persons for police contact based solely on common traits of a group is unacceptable, illegal, and will not be tolerated. Definitions Bias based profiling: The selection of persons for police contact based SOLELY on a common trait of a group. Such traits may include, but are not limited to, race, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, religion, economic status, age, and cultural group. Reasonable suspicion: Knowledge sufficient to cause a reasonable person with police training and experience to conclude, given the totality of the circumstances, that criminal activity may have occurred, is occurring, or is being planned. Probable cause: A reasonable belief by a trained law enforcement professional that a person has committed, is committing, or is planning to commit a crime or that a place or specific physical evidence is connected with a crime; it is more than a suspicion, but less than any standard required for a criminal conviction. Process and Procedure All investigative traffic contacts, field contacts, and searches and seizures (to include asset seizure and forfeitures) have reasonable suspicion supported by specific articulable facts that any person contacted regarding his/her identification, activities, or location has been, is, or is about to commit a violation of law or currently presented a threat to his/her safety or the safety of others. Complaints of bias based profiling are treated with the utmost urgency by Internal Affairs and are tracked through the IA Pro Early Personnel Warning system. Department members who believe that a violation of the bias based profiling policy has occurred are required to immediately notify a supervisor. Failure to report any observed or suspected violation may result in disciplinary action. Supervisors regularly monitor and examine the activities of their subordinates to ensure compliance with the policy. South Carolina State Law requires that all traffic contacts be documented on the Public Contact/Warning Form and the demographic data from the Public Contact/Warning forms are forwarded to the South Carolina Department of Public Safety. A monthly and Year-to-Date compilation of data from the Public Contact/Warning Forms are forwarded to Command Staff for review. Any abnormalities are recognized, discussed and remedial action and/or training are provided when appropriate. Analysis There were zero () complaints of Bias Based Profiling during the 216 calendar year. The Rock Hill Police Department has not had any complaints in the last sixteen (16) years, which clearly 12 East Black Street, Rock Hill SC 2973 Page 9

10 demonstrates that the Rock Hill Police Department s Bias Based Profiling policy, training and practices are administered fairly to all persons within the service area of the Department. In addition, no remedial training was required and there were no citizen concerns expressed in 216. The total number of Traffic Warnings and Citations in 216 has decreased slightly compared to 215. A total of 21,42 Traffic Stops were conducted in 216, compared to 23,189 in 215 resulting in a 7.6% overall decrease. 216 Traffic Warnings and Citations 1% 1% 1% % White Non-Hispanic Male 22% 29% 25% 21% White Non-Hispanic Female Black Non-Hispanic Male Black Non-Hispanic Female Hispanic/Latino Male Hispanic/Latino Female Any Other Male Any Other Female Caucasian Males were stopped 5,552 times (13%) during Traffic Contacts in 216, compared to 6,45 times (27%) in 215 for a 13.9% decrease. Caucasian Females were stopped 4,247 times (11%) during Traffic Contacts in 216, compared to 4,796 (21%) in 215 for an 11.4% decrease. African American Males were stopped 5,97 times (5%) during Traffic Contacts in 216, compared to 6,37 (28%) in 215 for a 7.3% decrease. African American Females were stopped 4,497 (11%) during Traffic Contacts in 216, compared to 4,557 times (21%) in 215 for a 1.3% decrease. The total number of Traffic Contacts for persons in Other ethnic races (Hispanic, Asian, etc.) is extremely low compared to Caucasian and African American individuals. A total of 1,217 Traffic Contacts in Other ethnic races were made by RHPD officers in 216, compared to 1,16 in 215 for a 19.8% increase. Traffic Warnings and Citations that were classified within the Other category equaled only 1% of all Traffic contacts combined. Overall, the total number of Traffic Contacts conducted during the 216 calendar year appears to indicate that 5% of all traffic contacts involve Black Non-Hispanic Males compared to all other Race and Sex combined. However, a closer look at the total number of Warnings and Citations by sex indicates that traffic contacts are proportional and equally distributed. No other patterns or trends were identified. A total of 13,212 Traffic Warnings were issued in calendar year 216, compared to 13,146 in 215 for a.5% increase overall. However, the total number of Traffic Warnings has decreased by 6.75% over the last three years. 12 East Black Street, Rock Hill SC 2973 Page 1

11 Traffic Warnings By Race/Sex Caucasian Males were issued a total of 3,357 Warnings (25%) in 216 compared to 3,552 (27%) in 215 for a 5.5% decrease. Caucasian Females were issued a total of 2,749 Warnings (21%) in 216 compared to 2,765 (21%) in 215 for a.6% decrease. African American Males received 3,778 Warnings (29%) in 216 compared to 3,674 (28%) in 215 for a 2.8% increase. African American Females received 2,923 Warnings (22%) in 216 compared to 2,745 (21%) in 215 for a 6.5% increase. The total number of Traffic Warnings issued for persons in other ethnic races (Hispanic, Asian, etc.) is extremely low compared to Caucasian and African American individuals. A total of 45 Traffic Warnings were issued by RHPD officers in 216, compared to 41 in 215 for a 1.2% decrease. Traffic Warnings and Citations that were classified within the Other category equaled only 3% of all Traffic Warnings issued during the 216 calendar year. Overall, the total number of Traffic Warnings issued during 216 appears to be proportional and equally distributed. No patterns or trends were identified. A total of 8,28 Traffic Citations were issued in calendar year 216, compared to 1,43 in 215 for an 18.3 % decrease overall. 12 East Black Street, Rock Hill SC 2973 Page 11

12 Traffic Citations By Race/Sex Caucasian Males were issued a total of 2,195 Traffic Citations (27%) in 216 compared to 2,898 (29%) in 215 for a 24.3% decrease. Caucasian Females were issued a total of 1,498 Citations (18%) in 216 compared to 2,31 (2%) in 215 for a 26.2% decrease. African American Males received 2,129 Citations (26%) in 216 compared to 2,696 (28%) in 215 for a 21% decrease. African American Females received 1,574 Citations (21%) in 216 compared to 1,812 (21%) in 215 for a 13.1% decrease. The total number of Traffic Citations issued for persons in Other ethnic races (Hispanic, Asian, etc.) continues to be extremely low compared to Caucasian and African American individuals. A total of 812 Traffic Citations were issued to Males and Females of Other ethic races by RHPD officers in 216, compared to 66 in 215 for a 34% increase. Traffic Citations that were classified within the Other category equaled only 1% of all Traffic Citations issued during the 216 calendar year. The total number of traffic citations issued to both males and females of races other than Caucasian or Black had the highest increase over the last year. However, the total number of citations issued to this portion of the population is still small. Overall, the total number of Traffic Citations issued during 216 appears to be proportional and equally distributed. No patterns or trends were identified. The total number of Arrests in 216 has also remained fairly consistent compared to 215. A total of 3,487 arrests were made in 216, compared to 3,259 in 215, which is an increase of 7% overall. However, the total number of arrests has decreased 13.7% compared to 212. Overall. arrests have remained relatively consistent over the last four (4) years. 12 East Black Street, Rock Hill SC 2973 Page 12

13 ARRESTS BY RACE/SEX White Non-Hispanic Male White Non-Hispanic Female Black Non-Hispanic Male Black Non-Hispanic Female Hispanic/Latino Male Hispanic/Latino Female Any Other Male Any Other Female % 215 Arrests by Race/Sex 216 Arrests by Race/Gender 4% 14% 1% % 26% Caucasian/Male Caucasian/Female African-American/Male 4% 1% 1% 12% % 28% White Non-Hispanic Male White Non-Hispanic Female Black Non-Hispanic Male 38% 16% African-American/Female Hispanic/Male Hispanic/Female 38% 16% Black Non-Hispanic Female Hispanic/Latino Male Hispanic/Latino Female Asian/Male-OTHER Any Other Male Asian/Female-OTHER Any Other Female A total of 972 Caucasian Males (28%) were arrested in 216, compared to 856 (26%) in 215 for a 13.5% increase. A total of 544 Caucasian Females (16%) were arrested in 216, compared to 514 (16%) in 215 for a 5.8% increase. A total of 1,327 African American Males (38%) were arrested in 216, compared to 1,233 (38%) in 215 for a 7.6% increase. A total of 43 African American Females (12%) were arrested in 216, compared to 46 (14%) in 215 for a 6.5% decrease. The total number of arrests for persons in other ethnic races (Hispanic, Asian, etc.) is extremely low compared to Caucasian and African American individuals. A total of 214 arrests were made by RHPD officers in 216, compared to 196 in 215 for a 9% overall increase. Arrests that were classified within the Other category equaled only 6% of all arrests made during the 216 calendar year. The total number of arrests appears to be consistent over the last four (4) years. The total number of African American s (Male and Female) arrested has decreased 15% over the last 4 years, while the total number of Caucasians (Male and Female) have increased 2% over the same time period. 12 East Black Street, Rock Hill SC 2973 Page 13

14 Introduction Rock Hill Police Department 216 Criminal Intelligence Administrative Review The Rock Hill Police Department acknowledges that intelligence information is gathered, evaluated, analyzed, maintained, and disseminated in an effort to anticipate, prevent, and monitor criminal and/or suspicious activity that presents a threat to the community. No information is collected in violation of any applicable federal, state, or local law or ordinance. All aspects of Criminal Intelligence are conducted with the utmost care and discretion. Process and Procedures The collection, security, dissemination and destruction of criminal intelligence are the responsibility of all Rock Hill Police Department personnel. Patrol officers report on all activity and forward completed reports and documents to their immediate supervisor. The Criminal Investigations Division Captain is responsible for assuring that all criminal intelligence information is legally collected, evaluated, analyzed, recorded, properly disseminated, maintained and destroyed. DEU Commanders are responsible for administering the Department s intelligence collection activities related to illicit drug trafficking, vice and corruption. The Crime Analyst is responsible for strategic intelligence and development of crime trends/patterns, dissemination of pro-active crime analysis to Division Commanders, and assisting in determining methods of disrupting criminal activity before it occurs based on previously displayed crime patterns. All personnel are in compliance with their responsibilities. Administrative personnel are responsible for the maintenance and security of files and records pertaining to Department activity. The Rock Hill Police Department maintains liaisons with federal, state, and local agencies to facilitate the efficient, timely exchange of critical information. Division commanders or a designee (depending on the nature of the information) are responsible for coordinating the sharing and dissemination of criminal intelligence. All criminal intelligence information, whether in hard copy or electronic format, is securely stored (i.e. lock, password, encryption, etc.) and maintained separate from other department records. Access to criminal intelligence information is limited to the persons responsible and those who have both a right to know and a need to know and when there is sufficient assurance that appropriate security of the data will be maintained. Information collected meets legitimate investigative objectives relating to the control and prevention of criminal activities and is used for lawful police purposes only. Rock Hill Police Department personnel follow federal regulations regarding the collection, storing, and dissemination of criminal intelligence as outlined in 28 CFR Department members only participate in authorized intelligence operations and only in compliance with all applicable laws and Department rules, regulations, and policy. Criminal intelligence is gathered from all legal sources that may include, but are not limited to, informants, citizens, other law enforcement agencies, and public records. 12 East Black Street, Rock Hill SC 2973 Page 14

15 All information requested by subpoena will be turned over to the court where the presiding judge will determine what information will be released. Criminal intelligence records and files are reviewed by the responsible person(s) periodically. Records will be purged based on the following considerations: continued usefulness of the information; whether information has remained current; reliability of the information; availability of related information; availability of information source; adequacy of information for identification purposes; and relevancy of the information to police operational needs. The majority of criminal intelligence is located within the Criminal Investigations Division. Informant files, suspect files, persons of interest files that have gang affiliation and persons of interest involving terrorist-like activities that have been forwarded to Federal investigators are all housed within CID and the DEU. Files related to informants and persons of interest for narcotics, vice, and corruption are kept in a secure interview room locked inside file cabinets in the DEU Office. Access is limited to the DEU Supervisors and the Administrative Assistant. The files are maintained through a numbering system in order to protect the identity of the person(s) in the files. The filing system is maintained on the DEU Computers and can only be accessed by password. DEU Supervisors review all intelligence in their unit and ensure that it meets the multi-jurisdictional criteria established by the DEU Governing Board before being included in the files. Gang information files are maintained in the Violent Crimes Unit office of the Criminal Investigations Division in a stand-alone file cabinet. The file cabinet is kept locked at all times and access to the office is limited to the Violent Crimes Unit, Criminal Investigations Division supervisors, and the Administrative Assistant. All gang information is reviewed by the Violent Crimes Unit Investigators and included in the files if it meets state and federal guidelines. Investigative files for potential activity are kept in the Criminal Investigations Division Captain s office. The information contained in the files is periodically reviewed and passed on to Federal Authorities for further investigation when warranted. The Criminal Investigations Unit also acquires criminal intelligence through SCIEX, NCIC announcement and bulletins, and s/faxes from other agencies around the country. SCIEX reports are created at the South Carolina Fusion Center in Columbia, SC, located at the State Law Enforcement Division and are disseminated to each Detective who has applied for and been approved by SLED via . Access to SCIEX is password protected and activity is monitored by Supervisors. NCIC announcements regarding Homeland Security issues are submitted to the Criminal Investigations Division Captain and passed along to Division Commanders on an as needed basis. Old and outdated information is returned to the Captain to be destroyed. s and faxed intelligence from other agencies are received by Supervisors in Criminal Investigations, reviewed, and appropriate actions are taken for dissemination and follow-up. Information not deemed necessary for investigative files is deleted or shredded as appropriate. Field Interview Forms are completed by patrol officers and submitted in the Zuercher system. A 12 East Black Street, Rock Hill SC 2973 Page 15

16 designated administrative assistant in the Criminal Investigations Division scans any hard copies into the Zuercher system for secure storage and then shreds the hard copy. 12 East Black Street, Rock Hill SC 2973 Page 16

17 Introduction Rock Hill Police Department 216 Grievance Analysis and Administrative Review The City of Rock Hill and the Rock Hill Police Department are committed to providing a uniform disciplinary action appeal process to resolve grievances objectively and in a timely manner. Definitions Grievance: Any matter of employee dissatisfaction concerning the interpretation and application of the City of Rock Hill Personnel Resolution provisions or established department work rules. There are essentially two types of grievances: Grievances resulting from some adverse action of management, such as dismissal, promotion, demotion, suspension, or involuntary transfer. Grievances resulting from dissatisfaction with some phase of an employee s job, relationship with others on the job, or some management decision affecting the job. Process and Procedures The Rock Hill Police Department is required to abide by the City of Rock Hill s Official Grievance Policy which was adopted by the City of Rock Hill City Council on May 22, 26. The City of Rock Hill Official Grievance Policy outlines the City s procedure for employees to follow when filing a grievance. The City of Rock Hill grievance process is overseen by a Grievance Committee, which is comprised of six (6) members appointed for staggering three (3) year terms by the City Manager and represents various Departments for a cross section of employees. Section III. Steps I. and II. outline the proper procedure for grievances and state that the employee must follow the appropriate chain of command within their Department prior to proceeding to Step III. Step III. involves filing a Grievance Procedure Process Form with the Human Resources Department within ten (1) days of completing Steps I. and II. After the form is filed, the aggrieved employee meets with the Assistant City Manager within three (3) days. If the matter is still not resolved to the satisfaction of the employee, a Grievance Hearing is then scheduled with the Grievance Committee. Direct Hearings, without meeting with Department members, may be granted in extreme cases as approved by the City Manager. Step IV. outlines the Grievance Hearing procedure and requires the employee filing the grievance and the employee s Department representative to present to the Grievance Committee. All Grievance Hearings are recorded by the Human Resources Director. Following completion of the hearing, the Grievance Committee has twenty (2) days to make its findings and recommendations to the City Manager. The City Manager then has five (5) working days to accept or reject the recommendations. The employee and Department are provided the City Manager s decision in writing. The City Manager s decision is final. 12 East Black Street, Rock Hill SC 2973 Page 17

18 Analysis During the 216 calendar year zero () grievances were filed by the Department s 194 employees. In the last sixteen (16) years, there have been only four (4) grievances filed by Rock Hill Police Department personnel. The last grievance that was filed by a member of the Department was in 21. To date, all filed grievances were ruled in favor of the Department. The lack of grievances being filed by our employees clearly demonstrates that the City of Rock Hill and the Rock Hill Police Department s disciplinary policy and the manner in which it is administered are within a reasonable fairness to all Department members. 1.5 Grievances Grievances East Black Street, Rock Hill SC 2973 Page 18

19 Introduction Citizen Complaints, Internal Affairs Investigations and Lawsuits 216 Annual Administrative Review and Analysis The Rock Hill Police Department is dedicated to providing exceptional service to both citizens and Department personnel through a problem solving approach which emphasizes a commitment to excellence through community and teamwork. Rock Hill Police Department personnel undergo a strenuous selection process, are held to the highest of standards, and are provided the best training available. The ultimate goal of our strenuous selection and training process is to give personnel the very best preparation to make sound, appropriate, and respectable decisions. The Department is sincerely interested in rewarding above average performance and taking corrective action in instances where an employee fails to meet our standards. Unfortunately, there will be times when citizens, fellow employees or supervisors perceive an employee s behavior as inappropriate, unethical, or illegal. When this occurs, a system of well-established procedures for investigating and adjudicating complaints is strictly followed. The Rock Hill Police Department will provide a full and fair opportunity to file complaints against Department members and will impartially accept, evaluate, and investigate all complaints involving the acts or failure to act of Department members. Law enforcement effectiveness depends upon community respect and confidence in the police department and the ability of its personnel to perform his or her duties in a manner consistent with the integrity and trustworthiness expected of them by the public and that of the Code of Conduct. Behavior which detracts from this is detrimental to public interest and the City of Rock Hill. Definitions Citizen Complaint: any allegation against the Department and/or a Department member of any action or failure to act which the complainant believes to be improper. The information may be received from a known or unknown source within or outside the Department. Depending on the seriousness of the complaint and the nature of information developed, a citizen complaint may be upgraded to an internal affairs investigation. Supervisory Investigation: an investigation generated as a result of less serious allegations that warrant investigation, but do not rise to the level of a serious allegation. Examples may include, but are not limited to: the use of profane or discourteous language or manner; rudeness; or other acts, including failure to follow Department policy, which would not usually result in serious disciplinary action (i.e., suspension, demotion or dismissal). Internal Affairs Investigation: an investigation generated as a result of serious allegations that may damage the reputation of the Department or its personnel. Examples may include, but are not limited to: improper or excessive use of force; allegations of excessive or improper use of force, illegal conduct; criminal misconduct; breaches of an individual s civil rights; and sexual harassment. Sustained: Allegation is true and action taken was inconsistent with policy. 12 East Black Street, Rock Hill SC 2973 Page 19

20 Not Sustained: There is insufficient evidence to confirm or to refute the allegation. Exonerated: Allegation is true, but action taken was consistent with policy. Unfounded: Allegation is demonstrably false or there is no credible evidence for support. Policy Failure: Allegation is true but action taken was not inconsistent with policy and there is an indication of a need for policy review. Process and Procedures Administration The Internal Affairs Unit of the Professional Standards Division, which is under the direction of the Support Services Bureau, is responsible for the effective and efficient handling of all personnel-related issues, citizen complaints and administrative investigations. Complaints of less serious allegations can be addressed and/or investigated by a supervisor at the time it is received from the complainant. The Internal Affairs Supervisor may also assign a supervisor to investigate a complaint of less serious allegations. Upon completion of the investigation, the investigating supervisor forwards the complaint to the Division Commander who reviews and then forwards all original documentation of the investigation to the Internal Affairs Supervisor. The Internal Affairs Supervisor conducts investigations of complaints that are serious in nature. However, the Chief of Police may, at his discretion, direct another Department member or requests the State Law Enforcement Division (SLED) to conduct the investigation. Internal Affairs investigations and criminal investigations are conducted separately. The Internal Affairs and Supervisory Investigations General Order (General Order Chapter 52, Section #1.1) are reviewed annually by the Chief of Police, the Accreditation Manager and members of the Accreditation Team in order to ensure that policies, procedures, and training are current and applicable to Department practices. Any changes in policy and practice are reviewed and discussed prior to any revisions being made to the policy. Revised policies are published in Zuercher and are available to all personnel. Citizen Complaint Processing All complaints regarding Department members are documented and investigated using the Citizens Complaint Form and an accompanying Blue Team Report. Complaints may be made in person, by telephone, by FAX, by , or by mail. Anonymous complaints, complaints from citizens who wish their names to be held in confidence, and complaints from third parties are also accepted. If the complaint is delivered in person, an employee documents the date and time the complaint was received on the Citizens Complaint Form and provides a Citizen s Compliments and Complaints brochure as a receipt. Any complaint received is forwarded to the applicable unit or team supervisor, or Internal Affairs, depending upon the nature of the complaint. 12 East Black Street, Rock Hill SC 2973 Page 2

21 Less serious complaints that do not warrant an Internal Affairs investigation are classified as Supervisory Complaints and are directed to the appropriate Unit Supervisor for Supervisory Investigation. The investigating supervisor is required to provide the complainant information on the status of the investigation within ten (1) business days of receiving the complaint and continues to keep the complainant informed of the status by periodic telephone or personal contacts until the investigation is completed. The Citizen s Complaint Form and any necessary corrective actions are documented in a Blue Team report and forwarded through the chain of command to the Internal Affairs Supervisor for final review. The Internal Affairs Supervisor reviews the results of the investigation, re-contacts the Division Commander if further investigation is necessary, and forwards the results of the investigation to the Chief of Police when the investigation is complete. The Professional Standards Supervisor coordinates Supervisory Investigations through the chain of command. After final review and disposition by the Chief of Police, the Unit Supervisor provides the complainant with a letter signed by the Chief of Police that summarizes the findings of the investigation. Supervisory Investigations are completed within thirty (3) business days unless the circumstances warrant an extension of time. Any complaints that cannot be resolved by a Unit Supervisor are documented on the Citizen s Complaint Form and a Citizen Complaint Blue Team Report is created. Any attempts to resolve the complaint by the Supervisor are noted in the Blue Team Summary and it is then forwarded to the appropriate Division Commander. Upon review, the complaint is then forwarded to Internal Affairs for investigation. The Internal Affairs Supervisor ensures that the complainant is sent an acknowledgment letter indicating the receipt of the complaint, along with a copy of the Citizen s Compliments and Complaints brochure. Following an investigation by the Internal Affairs Unit using the same guidelines as above, the Chief of Police completes a complaint disposition letter to the Complainant stating the final determination of the complaint. A copy of the documentation is returned to the employee and the employee s supervisor through the chain of command. Internal Affairs Investigations Allegations of misconduct that could result in dismissal, suspension, demotion, or criminal charges are investigated by the Internal Affairs Supervisor. Allegations may include, but are not limited to: corruption; excessive or improper use of force; breach of civil rights; criminal misconduct; or sexual harassment. Upon receipt of a complaint or notification of misconduct, the Internal Affairs Supervisor advises the Chief and promptly creates a Blue Team Report. Prior to an Internal Affairs investigative interview that is part of a criminal investigation, the Department member under investigation is administered Miranda rights which are complied with during the course of the investigation. The member under investigation also receives written notification of the complaint to include a copy of the original complaint or a summary adequately listing the relevant facts, and the member's rights and responsibilities during the investigation. 12 East Black Street, Rock Hill SC 2973 Page 21

22 In addition, the Department member is advised that they are required to answer all questions truthfully when directly related to the performance of his/her official duties. Refusal to comply with an order to answer such questions is a violation of Department rules which may subject the member to further discipline, up to and including dismissal. Any required self-incriminatory admissions made during an interview may be used only in administrative proceedings, as provided under Garrity rights, and are not used against the officer in criminal proceedings. Department members are not entitled to have an attorney, supervisor, or other personal representative present during any Internal Affairs related interview when only disciplinary actions are anticipated. However, personnel are entitled to an attorney in cases of alleged criminal misconduct. Department members are also required to submit to medical testing (including breath, blood, and urine), polygraph, line-up participation, financial disclosure or psychological examinations as part of an administrative investigation pursuant to Department Policy and Procedures, and City of Rock Hill Personnel Resolutions. Photographs are also sometimes taken and used in conducting Internal Affairs Investigations. Contact is maintained with both the Complainant and the Department member under investigation. The complainant is informed of the status of the investigation within ten (1) business days of receiving the complaint and continues to receive periodic status updates via telephone or personal contact until the investigation is completed. Department members who are under an Internal Investigation may contact the investigator about the status of the investigation. All Internal Affairs Investigations are completed within ninety (9) days, unless there are extenuating circumstances. Extensions may be granted by the Chief of Police. Following the completion of the investigation, the Chief of Police or his designee will notify the complainant of the findings of the investigation. The results are also documented in the associated Blue Team Report. Disciplinary Action Any disciplinary action resulting from an Internal or Supervisory investigation is made in accordance with Department and City policies and is commensurate with the circumstances of the incident and the employee s service record. The Department member may be required to participate in a counseling program in lieu of other disciplinary action when it is determined to be in the best interest of the Department, the employee, and the public. Failure to participate fully as required may result in the imposition of the original disciplinary action. Any hearings that are a result of an Internal Affairs investigation are conducted in accordance with Department and City policies. Disciplinary action appeals are conducted in accordance with Department and City policy. 12 East Black Street, Rock Hill SC 2973 Page 22

23 Citizen Complaint and Internal Affairs Investigation Analysis Total # of Citizen Complaints In 216, there were a total of twenty-six (26) citizen complaints received and investigated. The number of citizen complaints decreased 1% compared to 215. The average number of complaints over the last nine (9) years appears to be fairly consistent, with the exception of 212 and 213. The decrease in complaints is a testament to the overall professionalism of the Rock Hill Police Department. 12 East Black Street, Rock Hill SC 2973 Page 23

24 Total # of Complaints The total number of complaints has decreased 42% in the last three (3) years when compared to 213. Based on the chart above, the number of complaints has been fairly consistent over the last several years. Further study will be necessary to determine if there is an upward overall trend, since 212 and 213 were outliers from the apparent norm. Citizen Complaint Dispositions Sustained Not Sustained Unfounded Exonerated Open Withdrawn Admin. Closed Citizen Complaint Dispositions have stayed fairly consistent over the last four (4) years. Two (2) complaints were sustained, four (4) were Not Sustained, ten (1) were Unfounded, and ten (1) were Exonerated during the 216 calendar year (January 1 to December 31). The total number of complaints that were determined to be Sustained and Not Sustained has stayed consistently low (5 or less). The majority of all complaints are Unfounded or Exonerated, which is a testament to the high caliber of personnel in the Department. 12 East Black Street, Rock Hill SC 2973 Page 24

25 Citizen Complaint Disposition Trends Sustained Not Sustained Unfounded Exonerated In 216, the Rock Hill Police Department received 58,467 Calls for Service. In addition, Rock Hill Police Department Officers initiated 21,42 contacts with citizens within the City of Rock Hill. Of the 79,887 total contacts with individuals within the jurisdiction, the fact that only twenty-six (26) total complaints were received is truly remarkable and speaks volumes for the professionalism of the Department. Internal Affairs Investigations Three (3) Internal Affairs Investigations were completed in 216, compared to one (1) investigation in 215. The total number of Internal Affairs Investigations increased during the last calendar year. However, the number of Internal Affairs Investigations has remained lower over the three (3) years when compared to The overall low number of Internal Affairs Investigations demonstrated the high quality of officers and personnel employed at the Rock Hill Police Department. 12 East Black Street, Rock Hill SC 2973 Page 25

26 Internal Affairs Investigation Dispositions Sustained Not Sustained Unfounded Exonerated Open Admin Closed Internal Affairs Investigations have consistently decreased over the past four (4) years Internal Affairs Investigation Trends Sustained Not Sustained Unfounded Exonerated The total number of Internal Affairs Investigations has experienced an 83.3% decline from the end of 21 to the end of 216. Considering that the Rock Hill Police Department employed one hundred forty-nine (149) sworn officers and forty-five (45) non-sworn personnel in 216, to only have three (3) Internal Affairs Investigations is rather extraordinary for a Department of that size. 12 East Black Street, Rock Hill SC 2973 Page 26

27 Lawsuit Analysis The Rock Hill Police Department had one (1) open Lawsuit during the 216 calendar year. The Lawsuit involved an Unlawful/Improper Arrest that was closed in August 216. This is a decrease compared to a total of three (3) Lawsuits in 215. The total number of Lawsuits filed against the Department has decreased by 75% over the last four years. Lawsuits Open Closed Total Number Per Year Lawsuit Trends Open vs. Closed Open Closed 12 East Black Street, Rock Hill SC 2973 Page 27

28 Introduction Rock Hill Police Department 216 Personnel Early Warning System Administrative Review The Rock Hill Police Department s Internal Affairs Unit houses a multi-faceted Personnel Early Warning System. The primary method for documenting, storing and tracking incidents for the Personnel Early Warning System is through the IA Pro Blue Team Early Intervention software. This software is the primary storage system for all of the Internal Affairs records. Early intervention is used during circumstances that indicate a potential for negative consequences to a Department member, co-workers, the Department, and/or the community. Data collection focuses on the indicators that are available through required reporting to include: formal and informal complaints; Use of Force; Vehicle Pursuits; Vehicle collisions; internal affairs investigations; and Firearm Discharges. Process and Procedure The Professional Standards Supervisor reviews all Use of Force incidents, Vehicle Pursuits, Vehicle collisions, complaints and internal affairs investigations, and Firearm Discharges to determine whether or not the affected employee s actions were within policy. The IA Pro Blue Team Early Intervention software contains thresholds that are determined by the Professional Standards Supervisor. When an employee meets or exceeds those thresholds, a warning or alert is sent by the system to the Professional Standards Supervisor. Based on the nature of the offenses, the collected information is forwarded to the employee s supervisor for follow-up in order to curb problematic behaviors prior to those behaviors manifesting into permanent issues. Use of Force incidents, Vehicle Pursuits and Vehicle Collisions that involve injury to the officer and/or suspect and those that are unique in nature are reviewed by the Accident and Pursuit Review Committee. When requested to perform a review based on early warning indicators, supervisors make their recommendations in writing and submit through the chain of command to the Professional Standards Supervisor. If a review of a Department member s early warning indicators indicates that agency intervention is appropriate, the Chief of Police or his designee may recommend: referral to the City Employee Assistance Program; counseling by a peer counselor or a police chaplain; supervisory counseling; participation in an authorized remedial training program; disciplinary action; and/or temporary reassignment or transfer. Review and Analysis In 216, there were ninety-three (93) incidents entered into the IA Pro Personnel Early Warning System that triggered a threshold warning or alert. This is a decrease of 25.6% compared to 215. The total number of incidents triggered in the IA Pro Early Warning System appears to indicate a reduction in the total number of trigger incidents within the system which is a strong indicator of the high caliber of personnel employed by the Rock Hill Police Department. 12 East Black Street, Rock Hill SC 2973 Page 28

29 15 Personnel Early Warning Indicator Trends Vehicle Accidents have the highest number of triggers in the system. A total of thirty-three (33) vehicle accidents triggered the system in 216, compared to thirty-four (34) in 215 for a 3% decrease. Use of Force and Vehicle Pursuits are both the second highest overall triggers; however both categories have experienced a decrease from 215. Use of Force indicators decreased 9.5% (19 indicators in 216 compared to 21 in 215) and Vehicle Pursuit indicators decreased 4.6% (19 indicators in 216 compared to 32 in 215). Overall, all indicator categories experienced a decrease in 216 compared to 215. Firearm discharges have the fewest triggers within the system and account for only 7% of the total of triggers in 216. A total of six (6) firearm discharges were reported in 216, which were all animal related. Personnel Early Warning Indicators Citizen Complaints Firearms Discharges Use of Force Vehicle Accident Vehicle Pursuit 12 East Black Street, Rock Hill SC 2973 Page 29

30 As expected, Patrol has the highest number of indicators in the IA Pro Personnel Early Warning System. Patrol Teams have the highest number of personnel in the Department and also have the most interaction with the public. A total of fifty-six (56) triggers were indicated for Patrol officers in 216 compared to eighty-five (85) in 216 for a 34% decrease. The Drug Enforcement Unit (DEU) reported the second highest number of warnings and alerts. This is most likely attributed to the responsibilities of this unit, which is to identify and enforce vice and drug crime throughout the City of Rock Hill and York County. Personnel assigned to Administrative roles and Non-Sworn positions within the Department did not have any indicators within the system Personnel Early Warning System By Assignment East Black Street, Rock Hill SC 2973 Page 3

31 Introduction Rock Hill Police Department 216 Recruiting Analysis and Administrative Review The Rock Hill Police Department strives to recruit the best suited personnel and to ensure equal employment opportunities for all persons on the basis of individual merit. The Department s recruiting efforts are designed to accomplish the objective of hiring the best suited candidates for all positions. Recruitment strategies are used in an attempt to improve the quality of the personnel hired, increase the diversity in the work force and lower the rate of personnel turnover. Process and Procedures The recruiting process is managed by the Recruiting Officer, who is assigned to the Internal Affairs Supervisor within the Professional Standards Division. The Rock Hill Police Department maintains an effective working relationship with the City Human Resources Department (HR) on recruiting and other personnel issues. However, all Department members share in the responsibility for recruiting the best suited personnel and are encouraged to actively seek qualified candidates. The Recruiting Officer and other designated Department members actively participate in recruiting events such as job fairs and career days, both locally and throughout the East Coast. Recruiting events provide an avenue in which to advertise employment opportunities and distribute information about the work, compensation, and benefits of employment with the Rock Hill Police Department. Department members that attend job fairs and other recruitment events are educated on how to present the positive attributes of the Department and personnel matters such as Equal Employment Opportunity and the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) as they relate to the management and operation of the Department. Applications for entry-level positions are accepted at all times regardless of the current status of staffing. The City of Rock Hill and the Rock Hill Police Department are Equal Opportunity Employers. Job notices are posted throughout City facilities, disseminated to community organizations, published on both the City of Rock Hill and the Department s internet websites, advertised through professional journals, and posted on various professional electronic and print media websites. All job notices include a description of duties, responsibilities, skills, educational level, other minimum qualifications, the salary range appropriate to the position, and any relevant application filing deadline. Diversity is a key component of the Rock Hill Police Department s Recruitment Plan. The Department makes every effort to hire and retain personnel in proportion to the ethnic and gender composition of the service community. Department members from under represented populations actively participate in the Department s recruiting efforts in order to demonstrate the Department s commitment to removing barriers in hiring. 12 East Black Street, Rock Hill SC 2973 Page 31

32 Analysis In the 216 calendar year, the Rock Hill Police Department concentrated recruiting efforts on college and university campuses, military bases and online job applicant websites in order to actively recruit from a more diversified population. Recruiting events from Virginia to Florida were conducted to attract the most qualified candidates. The Rock Hill Police Department is committed to high standards and has an intense and difficult hiring process in order to assist the Department in maintaining the high professional expectations that have been established over the years. The Rock Hill Police Department maintains a very active award-winning recruiting website. In 216, had 22,84 visitors to the website compared to 27,84 in 215, which is an 18% decrease. There was a slight increase (1.7%) in the number of new visitors to the website in 216 (71% in 216 compared to 69.7% in 215). The high percentage of new viewers to the website illustrates that a high percentage of individuals have received information on the Department. Visits % New Visitors 12 East Black Street, Rock Hill SC 2973 Page 32

33 The Recruiting Officer has spent a large amount of time reaching out to colleges, universities, military bases and other local programs to recruit personnel, especially minority men and women. Career Fairs and Presentations included the following locations in 216: Appalachian State University Winthrop University SC State Career Fair USC Career Fair UNCC Western Carolina University The Citadel York Technical College Charleston Southern University Camp Lejeune Cherry Point Marine Corps Shaw Air Force Base SC National Guard Armory ECPI Liberty University Fort Bragg Mary Baldwin College Beaufort Marine Corps Air Station Parris Island Marine Corps The total number of police officer applications received has declined significantly over the last four (4) years. A total of three hundred forty-four (344) applications were received in 216 compared to five hundred ninety-seven (597) in 215, which is a 42.4% decrease and well below the four-year average of seven hundred twenty-seven (727) per year. It should be noted that the Professional Standards Division began using a different applicant tracking method in which there was a glitch in the system that did not account for applications received for several months until the issue was discovered that may account for a portion of the decline. Also, the improved economy and unemployment rate and the national climate towards law enforcement may have contributed to the decline. Many employees nationwide have begun to resign from positions they accepted during the recent downfall of the economy. Those individuals who were interested in government positions are now seeking more lucrative positions in the private sectors. In addition, the recent negative media portrayal of law enforcement has had a negative impact on law enforcement agencies across the United States Applicant Activity for Police Officers Applications Received Interviewed Conditional Offers Hired Although the number of applications decreased in 216, the total number of applicants hired has stayed the same for the last two years. A total of twenty-one (21) police officer applicants were hired in 216 and 215, compared to fourteen (14) in East Black Street, Rock Hill SC 2973 Page 33

34 Interviewed Of those interviewed for police officer positions, one hundred three (13) candidates were given conditional offers of employment. Conditional offers decreased 38% in 216, compared to Conditional Offers A total of twenty-one (21) officers were hired during the period of January 1 December 31, 216, which is the same as the number of officers hired in 215. In addition, the total number of sworn officers increased by 6.4 % from one hundred forty (14) officers in 212 to one hundred forty-nine (149) officers as of December 31, East Black Street, Rock Hill SC 2973 Page 34

35 25 Sworn Officers Hired The total number of non-sworn personnel vacancies has remained fairly low during the last four years. However, in 216 ten (1) non-sworn personnel were hired. Eight (8) new Telecommunicators, (1) Law Enforcement Victim Advocate and one (1) Correctional Officer were hired during the 216 calendar year. It is anticipated that the number of non-sworn personnel hired in the upcoming year will be much less and more in line with the average. Non-Sworn New Hires Telecommunications Support Staff Correction Officers 12 East Black Street, Rock Hill SC 2973 Page 35

36 The Rock Hill Police Department strives for employee diversity that represents the available workforce in the community regarding ethnic, race and gender composition. The following chart illustrates the Rock Hill Police Department s current diversity composition for sworn officers, the available workforce data, and the City of Rock Hill s population data for 216. Demographics Table Group RHPD Sworn Officers RHPD Non-Sworn Personnel Available Workforce Difference 21 US Census Difference Caucasian % 27 6% 57% 5% (+) 55% 27% (+) African American 19 13% 15 33% 37% 25% (-) 38% 26% (-) Hispanic 6 4% 3 7% 4% % 6% 2% (-) Other 2 1% % 2% % 1% 1% (+) Female 11% 82% 14% 4% (-) The majority of applications for sworn officer positions received by the Rock Hill Police Department were from Caucasians. A total of two hundred nine (29) applications were received from Caucasian males and females in 216, which was 61% of the total applications. Ninety-four (94) applications were received from African Americans, which was 27% of the total applications received. This was a 2% decrease compared to 215. Only 6% of the applications were from Hispanics and 6% from Other Races. Continued recruiting in minority locations is necessary in order to improve the diversity of the Department. Applicant Demographics By Race Applications Received Caucasian African-American Hispanic Other East Black Street, Rock Hill SC 2973 Page 36

37 216 Applications Received By Race Caucasian African-American Hispanic Other 6% 6% 27% 61% Males completed and returned the highest number of police officer applications. A total of two hundred eighty-one (281) males completed applications for employment at the Rock Hill Police Department in 216, which was 82% of all applications received. Only sixty-three (63), or 18%, of females completed applications during the same time frame. The differentiation between the genders has been fairly consistent over the last four years. A concentration on increasing the number of women employed by the Department should increase these numbers in the future. Applicant Demographics By Gender Applications Received Male Female 12 East Black Street, Rock Hill SC 2973 Page 37

38 Retention of certified and trained personnel is always a challenge in any law enforcement agency. The total number of personnel leaving the Rock Hill Police Department has steadily increased over the last four years. A total of twenty-three (23) officers separated from the Department in 216, compared to fifteen in 215 for a 53% increase. However, the total percentage of officers who have resigned is relatively low for a Department of our size. A total of 15% of all sworn officers resigned in 216 compared to 1% in 215. RETENTION OF OFFICERS Total Lost Total Hired Total # of Officers 3 Total Officers Resignations 2 1 The total number of non-sworn personnel that have separated from the Rock Hill Police Department in 216 stayed the same compared to 215. A total of eight (8) non-sworn personnel separated from the Department in both 216 and 215. The total number of nonsworn personnel that has separated from the Department has drastically increased in the last four (4) years (1 in 213 compared to 8 in 216). However, the total percentage of non-sworn personnel who have resigned is relatively low for a Department of our size. A total of 18% of all non-sworn personnel resigned in 216 compared to 2% in 213. RETENTION OF NON-SWORN PERSONNEL Total Lost Total Hired Total # of Non Sworn 12 East Black Street, Rock Hill SC 2973 Page 38

39 Total Non-Sworn Resignation While there was an increase in the number of resignations in 216, the total of officers hired stayed the same. Twenty-one (21) officers were hired in 216 compared to twenty-one (21) in 215. A total of 14% of all sworn officers employed in 216 were new hires. The ability to quickly hire new officers serves as a testament to the commitment of finding high quality qualified candidates. 25 Total # of Officers Hired The total of non-sworn personnel hired slightly decreased in 216 compared to 215. A total of ten (1) individuals were hired into non-sworn positions in 216 compared to thirteen (13) in 215 for a 23% decrease. However, the number of non-sworn personnel has increased significantly compared to 213. A total of two (2) non-sworn personnel were hired in 213 compared to ten (1) in 216. A total of 22% of all non-sworn personnel employed in 216 were new hires. The ability to quickly hire new non-sworn personnel illustrated the Rock Hill Police Department s commitment of finding high quality qualified candidates. 12 East Black Street, Rock Hill SC 2973 Page 39

40 14 Total # of Non-Sworn Hired The Rock Hill Police Department has made some progress towards building upon our workforce demographics. The percentage of minorities working for the Rock Hill Police Department in 216 stayed the same overall compared to 215. The total number of African American and Hispanic officers has also stayed fairly consistent over the last four years. However, the total number of minorities (Black-Non Hispanic, Hispanic and Other Race male and females) working at the Department increased from forty-one (41) officers in 215 to forty-five (45) officers in 216. The increase is most likely due to the increase in the total number of authorized officers during the fiscal year and an enhanced focus on hiring minority officers. In addition, the total number of female officers increased slightly in 216. A total of 11% of the total sworn workforce was female in 216, compared to 1% in 215. The increase in minority officers is indicative of the steps that the Recruiting Officer and the Department are taking towards a more diverse workplace environment. 12 East Black Street, Rock Hill SC 2973 Page 4

41 Introduction Rock Hill Police Department 216 Use of Force Analysis and Administrative Review The Rock Hill Police Department only uses the amount of force reasonably necessary to effectively bring an incident under control while protecting the lives of the officers and others. Officers do not unnecessarily endanger themselves or others by their use of force. Excessive force is not tolerated. Deadly force is only used when an officer reasonably believes that the action is in defense of human life and necessary to protect the officer or others from an imminent danger of death or serious physical injury. Definitions Force: Physical contact or action taken that is considered a defensive/offensive tactic beyond mere restraint. Using handcuffs does not constitute Use of Force. Excessive Force: Any force greater than a reasonable person in the same circumstances would find to be appropriate. Deadly Force: Any force which a reasonable person in the same circumstances would consider likely to cause death or serious physical injury. Non-deadly Force: Any force other than deadly force. Lethal Weapon: Any weapon which a reasonable person would consider likely to cause death or serious physical injury when used as it would normally be intended to be used. Less-than-Lethal Weapon: Any weapon other than one which a reasonable person would consider likely to cause death or serious physical injury when used as it would normally be intended to be used. Reasonable: What an ordinary and prudent person would think or do in similar circumstances. Serious Physical Injury: An injury that creates a substantial risk of death; causes serious, permanent disfigurement; or results in long-term loss or impairment. Process and Procedure Non-deadly force will be used after it is determined what method will best de-escalate the incident and bring it under control safely. Officers are authorized to use Department approved non-deadly force techniques for resolution of incidents in order to protect themselves or others from physical harm, restrain or subdue a person resisting arrest, or bring an unlawful situation safely and effectively under control. Deadly force is authorized when an officer reasonably believes that the action is in defense of human life in order to protect the officer or another person from serious injury or death and to 12 East Black Street, Rock Hill SC 2973 Page 41

42 prevent the escape of a fleeing felon who poses a significant threat to human life. Officers are prohibited from discharging firearms at or from a moving vehicle except as an ultimate measure of self-defense or the defense of another when the suspect is using deadly force. Warning shots are prohibited. In all incidents of use of force, medical treatment will be immediately provided in the form of first aid, EMS, or emergency room care. In the event a use of force results in serious injury or death, the involved employee(s) will be relieved from duty with pay pending a preliminary investigation of the incident. Internal Affairs is responsible for coordinating the investigation and will conduct an administrative investigation. In addition, the South Carolina Law Enforcement Division (SLED) will conduct an independent criminal investigation. Every Use of Force incident is documented on a Department Blue Team Report, submitted through the chain of command, and required whether the officer is on or off duty. All Blue Team Use of Force entries are reviewed by Internal Affairs for compliance with state laws and Department issued General Orders. An administrative review is conducted on all Use of Force incidents. The Use of Force Committee, appointed by the Chief of Police, reviews all reports and associated evidence where serious bodily injury or death occurred and submits a recommendation to the Chief of Police as to the justification of the use of force. Blue Team reports are separate from incident reports and are not public information. Analysis The Rock Hill Police Department responded to 58,467 total calls for service between January 1 and December 31, 216. A total of 3,487 individuals were arrested during this time frame. Out of the total number of calls for service, one hundred forty-nine (149) Rock Hill Police Department officers reported forty-seven (47) uses of force. Of these, 1.35% of all total incidents were involved in a use of force. Total # Use of Force East Black Street, Rock Hill SC 2973 Page 42

43 A total of forty-seven (47) uses of force were reported in 216, compared to forty-eight (48) in 215 which is a 2% decrease. The total number of uses of force has decreased by 13% over the last five (5) years and has remained fairly consistent over the last three (3) years. The total number of uses of force in 216 is slightly higher than the 4-year average of forty-three (43). A total of ninety-three (93) officers were involved in Use of Force incidents in 216, compared to eighty-nine (89) in 215 which is a 4.5% increase. The total number of officers involved in Use of Force incidents has also increased 9.4% compared to 212 and is slightly higher than the 4- year average of officers. The increase is most likely due to the increase in the total number of officers employed by the Rock Hill Police Department in 216 compared to 212. There were 2.1% (149 officers) more officers employed in 216 than in 215 (146 officers) and 4.3% (14 officers) in 212. It should also be noted that in some incidents, there were multiple types of force used and more than one officer involved in an individual reported use of force. 216 Use of Force By Race/Sex % % % 16% 38% 31% 13% White Non-Hispanic Male White Non-Hispanic Female Black Non-Hispanic Male Black Non-Hispanic Female Hispanic/Latino Male Hispanic/Latino Female Any Other Male Any Other Female A total of forty-five (45) individuals were involved in Use of Force incidents with Rock Hill Police Department officers in 216, which is 2.2% less than in 215 (46 individuals). White Males make up the highest percentage of individuals involved in Use of Force incidents during the 216 calendar year. Seventeen (17) White Males (38% total) were involved in Use of Force incidents in 216 compared to fourteen (14) (31% total) in 215 for a 21.4% increase. Fourteen (14) Black Males were involved in incidents where force was used in 216 compared to nineteen (19) in 215 which is a 26.3% decrease. It should also be noted that the total number of Black Males involved in Use of Force incidents with Rock Hill Police Department officers has 12 East Black Street, Rock Hill SC 2973 Page 43

44 decreased by 66.7% when compared to 214 (42 total). The total number of White Females also increased in 216 compared to 215. Six (6) White Females (13% total) were involved in Use of Force incidents in 216 compared to five (5) in 215 for a 2% increase. The total number of Black Females that were involved in Use of Force Incidents in 216 stayed the same compared to 215. Seven (7) Black Females (16%) were involved in Use of Force incidents in both 215 and 216. Only one (1) Hispanic/Latino Male has been involved in a Use of Force incident in both 215 and 216. There were no incidents involving Hispanic/Latino or Other Race Females in the last three years. Overall, the total number of Use of Force incidents is fairly well distributed throughout the races and genders. The reduction in Use of Force incidents among Black Males may be attributed to a better relationship within the community and enhanced training in conflict resolution and verbal skills. Justification for Use of Force Assaulting Officer 8 EPC Investigative Detention Resisting Arrest Subjects Safety Other Justification for Use of Force % 2% 17% Assaulting Officer 6% % EPC Investigative Detention Resisting Arrest Subjects Safety Other 62% 12 East Black Street, Rock Hill SC 2973 Page 44

45 Resisting Arrest is the most common justification for Use of Force by the Rock Hill Police Department. In 216, 62% of all Use of Force incidents were a result of Resisting Arrest. The same holds true for the last five years 61% of all Use of Force incidents reported in 212 thru 216 were due to Resisting Arrest. The most common Use of Force type used by Rock Hill Police Department officers is Weaponless/Empty Hand techniques, followed by the use of Tasers. The use of Weaponless/Empty Hand techniques constitutes 9% of all Use of Force types utilized in 216. Taser Use of Force equaled 9% percent of all reported Uses of Force during the same time period. Only 1% of all Use of Force incidents involved the Discharge of a Firearm. There were no instances where OC Spray was used and Rock Hill Police Department officers are not issued Batons. Use of Force Type Empty Hand 1 Firearm Discharge Hands/Feet (Force Hold) Hands/Feet (Striking) Taser OC Spray East Black Street, Rock Hill SC 2973 Page 45

46 The use of Weaponless/Empty Hand techniques during Use of Force incidents increased 55.2% in 216 compared to 215. The Department has experienced a 23.3% increase in the use of Weaponless/Empty Hand use of force since Weaponless Use of Force Incidents Empty Hand Hands/Feet (Force Hold) Hands/Feet (Striking) Weaponless Use of Force techniques utilized by the Rock Hill Police Department include: Empty Hand, Hands/Feet (Force Hold) and Hands/Feet (Striking). Empty Hand Use of Force is the most used technique by Rock Hill Police Department officers. It has been used one hundred eighty-one (181) times during the last five years ( ). The use of Empty Hand techniques during Use of Force incidents decreased 15% (4 incidents in 216 compared to 47 in 215). The use of Hands/Feet (Force Hold) increased significantly in 216 compared to 215. (42 in 216 compared to 6 in 215) and the use of Hands/Feet (Striking) increased by 6% (8 in 216 compared to 5 in 215). The choice for officers to employ Weaponless Use of Force techniques is usually a decision the officer must make based on suspect behavior due to the proximity of the threat, the level of resistance being used and the officers ability to transition to a higher level of force before being overtaken by the suspect. The information above clearly illustrates that the Rock Hill Police Department officers have a firm understanding of use of force principles and response to resistance as taught by Department instructors. 12 East Black Street, Rock Hill SC 2973 Page 46

47 25 Taser Use of Force Incidents Use of Force incidents involving the use of a Taser decreased by 5% in 216. There were a total of nine (9) Use of Force incidents in 216, compared to eighteen (18) in 215. In addition, the use of Tasers during use of force incidents has decreased 57% over the last five years ( ). The total number of Tasers used in 216 is lower than the four year average of fifteen (15) per year. The decrease in Taser use is most likely due to an increase use of officer discretion in types of use of force, a decrease in the level of resistance by suspects, and an increase in public scrutiny and recent case law involving the less-than-lethal weapon. 1.2 Firearm Use Of Force Incidents In 216, there was one (1) Use of Force Incident involving a Firearm. The Rock Hill Police Department has been extremely fortunate to have very few Firearm related Use of Force incidents. A total of four (4) officer involved shootings have occurred in the last eight years 12 East Black Street, Rock Hill SC 2973 Page 47

48 (29 216). The small number of firearm related incidents illustrates the high level of officer restraint and use of discretion based on the City of Rock Hill s population, level of crime and the total number of sworn officers in the Department. There were a total of thirty (3) arrests associated with Use of Force incidents in 216 compared to forty-three (43) in 215. This accounted for a 3% decrease. The total number of arrests reporting a Use of Force incident decreased 33.3% over a five year period ( ). As a result, an individual arrested by the Rock Hill Police Department has a.9% chance of being involved in a Use of Force incident. The low number of Use of Force incidents per arrest illustrates that Rock Hill Police Department officers only use force when absolutely necessary and as a response to resistance. UOF Resulting in Arrest Citizen complaints due to a Use of Force incident increased by 75% in 216. There were a total of seven (7) complaints in 216 compared to four (4) in 215. Only 15% of all Use of Force incidents that occurred in 216 resulted in a Citizen Complaint. The total of Use of Force Complaints falls slightly above the four-year average of 5.25 complaints per year. All Use of Force Complaints were investigated and found to be lawful and within Department policy. 8 UOF Complaints East Black Street, Rock Hill SC 2973 Page 48

49 Rock Hill Police Department 216 Vehicle Collision Analysis and Administrative Review Introduction The Rock Hill Police Department has established guidelines for the evaluation of motor vehicle accidents that involve Department owned vehicles with the goal of reducing the number of accidents. The Rock Hill Police Department emphasizes the importance of safety in regard to the operation of Department vehicles and provides driver training to its officers. The safety of Department personnel and the citizens of Rock Hill is the foremost concern. Definitions Serious accident is defined as: an accident involving a fatality; an accident causing bodily injury which requires medical treatment away from the scene of the accident; or an accident causing total property damage of at least $3 based on reliable estimates. Process and Procedures The South Carolina Highway Patrol investigates all incidents that involve Rock Hill Police Department vehicles. The Department s STAR Team also investigates all serious accidents involving Department vehicles. A serious accident is defined as: an accident involving a fatality; an accident causing bodily injury which requires medical treatment away from the scene of the accident; or an accident causing total property damage of at least $3 based on reliable estimates. The results of the investigation are forwarded to the Accident and Pursuit Review Committee for review. Members of the Accident and Pursuit Review Committee are appointed by the Chief of Police. Members of the committee review serious accidents, as selected by the Division Commanders or the Chief of Police, to determine whether they were preventable. All other accidents involving Department vehicles are evaluated by the individual s immediate supervisor and the findings are reported to the Internal Affairs Supervisor for review. Accident and Pursuit Reviews are scheduled as needed and are dictated by the number and frequency of accidents and pursuits. Factors considered include the officer s driving history, previous policy violations, indications of negligence, and the totality of the circumstances. The findings and recommendations of the Committee are submitted to the Chief of Police. Preventable accidents may result in disciplinary action such as remedial driver training by Department driving instructors, suspension or loss of take-home vehicle privileges or other disciplinary action. Analysis There were one hundred seventy-nine (179) vehicles assigned to the Rock Hill Police Department in 216. These vehicles were driven a total of 1,674,889 miles during the period of January 1, 216 to December 31, East Black Street, Rock Hill SC 2973 Page 49

50 Total # of Collisions A total of four hundred ninety three (493) vehicle collisions have occurred from 26 to 216. An average of 44.7 collisions have occurred each year for the last decade. There were a total of forty-nine (49) documented collisions in 216. The total number of collisions by Rock Hill Police Department personnel has basically stayed the same for the last five years. At Fault vs. Not At Fault ROCK HILL POLICE DEPARTMENT Vehicle Collisions Employee at Fault Employee Not at Fault Out of the forty-nine (49) collisions, twenty-five (25) collisions were determined to be At-Fault by the Employee. A total of twenty-four (24) collisions were determined to be Not At-Fault. There were two (2) employee injuries and one (1) third-party injury as a result of collisions that occurred in East Black Street, Rock Hill SC 2973 Page 5

51 Struck Vehicle (Not Backing) Struck Object 6% 216 Vehicle Collision Causes Animal 2% Pedestrian 4% Backing 29% Struck By Vehicle 31% Struck By Object 2% Run/Skid Off Roadway 2% Non-Collison (Damage only) 18% A total of fifteen (15) Department owned vehicles (31% of all collisions) were struck by another vehicle during the 216 calendar year. The second highest cause of vehicular collisions by Department members was due to backing accidents. A total of fourteen (14) collisions involving an officer backing into an object occurred in 216, which was a total of 29% of all Department collisions. 12 East Black Street, Rock Hill SC 2973 Page 51

52 Introduction Rock Hill Police Department 216 Vehicle Pursuit Analysis and Administrative Review Police vehicular pursuits are potentially dangerous to the community, the officers involved, and the persons attempting to evade the police. The risk associated with pursuits requires that officers exercise sound judgment and discretion throughout every pursuit. Policies and practices are in place at the Rock Hill Police Department in order to guide officers in the decision making process, which apply to all sworn personnel that operate Department assigned vehicles equipped with lights and sirens. Vehicles that are not equipped with lights and sirens are not permitted to engage in any vehicular pursuits. Officers of the Rock Hill Police Department may engage in vehicular pursuits only when they can reasonably determine that the potential harm to persons and property threatened by the pursuit does not outweigh the potential harm to persons and property threatened by the fleeing offender. Definitions Pursuit: when an officer attempts a traffic stop by requesting or signaling for a motorist to stop, and the motorist fails to do so, maintaining or accelerating his speed and maneuvering his vehicle to elude the officer. The violator initiates the pursuit. The officer decides whether to continue or terminate the pursuit. Minor traffic violation: all traffic offenses except driving while impaired/driving under the influence and reckless driving. Possible other exceptions include: hit & run with personal injury, misdemeanor death by motor vehicle, etc. Reckless Driving: any person who drives any vehicle in such a manner as to indicate either a willful or wanton disregard for the safety of persons or property. Violent Felony: a serious felony that involves an actual or threatened attack that the officer has reasonable suspicion to believe could result or has resulted in death or serious bodily injury (i.e. aggravated assault, armed robbery, homicide, etc.) Process and Procedures Rock Hill Police Department officers are trained and are thoroughly familiar with all SC Code of Laws, 1976, as amended, concerning the use of emergency vehicles and equipment and Department pursuit policy. Any and all traffic law exemptions and policies are contingent upon due regard for the safety of all persons. When an officer is involved in a situation where a possible pursuit may occur, officers consider the seriousness of the original offense and the safety of the community to include: overall community safety, environmental considerations, familiarity with the roadway design, the capability and quality of police equipment, pursuit speeds and evasive tactics. Officers are only permitted to engage in a pursuit when there is reasonable suspicion that the driver of the vehicle has committed a violent felony, there is evidence of outrageous, reckless driving or the driver is 12 East Black Street, Rock Hill SC 2973 Page 52

53 most likely driving under the influence prior to the officer s initiation of the pursuit. All pursuits are conducted in accordance with established tactical requirements and emergency equipment (blue lights and siren) will be in continuous operation during the incident. The use of roadblocks is prohibited. The use of Low-Speed and High-Speed Box-In techniques are only used in cases where seizure and deadly force are justified. Tire deflation device use is permitted by personnel that have received training on the use and deployment of the devices. The use of stop sticks is approved by a supervisor and deployment must follow the Department Use of Force and Vehicular Pursuit policies. Vehicular pursuits are terminated based on the analysis of the risk created by the pursuit compared to the benefits gained by apprehension. Pursuits are immediately terminated upon the order of any supervisor and when other mitigating circumstances are involved in the incident. The safety of all involved is of utmost importance. Each Vehicular Pursuit is thoroughly reviewed and critiqued by the Accident and Pursuit Review Committee to ensure that State law and Departmental policies were followed. The Accident and Pursuit Review Committee reviews all the facts and evidence and may assemble witnesses and request advice from driving instructors and legal advisors. A thorough evaluation of the pursuit is performed and the results are forwarded to the Chief of Police. Analysis A total of 21,42 traffic stops were initiated by one hundred forty-nine (149) officers during the 216 calendar year. The total number of traffic stops decreased by 7.6% and the number of Rock Hill Police Department officers increased by 2% compared to 215. Total # of Traffic Stops , , , 21, East Black Street, Rock Hill SC 2973 Page 53

54 Total # of Officers A total of two hundred twenty-six (226) vehicular pursuits were initiated by Rock Hill Police Department officers during the period of 26 to 216. An average of 22.6 pursuits have occurred each year during this time period. Twenty-one (21) vehicular pursuits were reported during the period of January 1, 216 to December 31, 216, which is a 4.5% decrease compared to 215. The total number of pursuits has increased 5% over the last three years, which is most likely attributed to the overall increase in the total number of traffic stops and officers during the same time period Vehicular Pursuits Total # of Pursuits Calendar Year 12 East Black Street, Rock Hill SC 2973 Page 54

55 There have been very few accidents with injuries as a result of vehicular pursuits. No officers have been injured during vehicular pursuits in the last three years. There was one (1) pursuit in 216 that resulted in six (6) injuries. One (1) citizen died, two (2) citizens were seriously injured and three (3) suspects were injured due to the suspect vehicle disregarding a stoplight and crashing into two other vehicles after the officers had disengaged from the pursuit. The very low number of accidents during vehicular pursuits is a testament to the high quality of training and the emphasis of overall safety at the Rock Hill Police Department. 3.5 Pursuit Injuries Officer Suspect Third Party The majority of vehicular pursuits were due to Reckless Driving DUI s, Violent Felonies and other Traffic-related offenses. A total of ten (1) Pursuits were due to Reckless Driving, six (6) for DUI s, and one (1) for Violent Felonies. In addition, two (2) for Suspicious Vehicle and two (2) for Other Traffic-related reasons were reported in 216. Suspicious Vehicle, 2, 9% 216 Pursuit Types Violent Felony, 1, 5% Unknown,, % DUI, 6, 29% Reckless Driving, 1, 48% Other (Outside of Policy), 2, 9% 12 East Black Street, Rock Hill SC 2973 Page 55