LESSON PLAN # 2 Key People, Places and Events. TOPIC: Locating information about important Western District people, places and events.

Transcription

1 LESSON PLAN # 2 Key People, Places and Events TOPIC: Locating information about important Western District people, places and events. CURRICULUM EXPECTATIONS: Students will describe the major causes and personalities of the War of 1812; trace the historical development of their own community. OBJECTIVES (desired student outcomes): The students will a) Attitudes: be aware of the many people, events, and local places involved in a war between currently peaceful neighbours. b) Skills: develop skills in data research. c) Knowledge: continue to learn more about the war in their own community. RESOURCES: War of 1812 in the Western District Website Copies of the Key People, Places and Events List (see below) Teacher copy of the List Answer Sheet (see below) INTRODUCTORY ACTIVITY: This project should be completed after the treasure hunt activity or in place of it. Give students the list of names, places and events they must locate. Allow them the opportunity to recall what they know about each of these before they go to the website to search for the answers. DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES: This will take about one (1) hour. Students will use the list and the website to find out more information about the major events and people of the war in this district. Alternatively, the teacher may assign only part of the List for research purposes; or, if time efficiency is required simply hand out the teacher s copy of the list as a research tool for the students. CONCLUDING ACTIVITY: Review the information as a class. Then, hold a class discussion. The students may discuss or write out their answers to the following critical analysis questions. Suggested questions: 1. What was the most important Battle of the Western District? Why?

2 2. Who were the most important personalities of the war in the Western District? Why? 3. What area saw the most military action? Defend your answer with examples. METHODS OF EVALUATION: Observe the students use of class time. Evaluate the students responses to the questions. FOLLOW-UP IDEAS: Ask the students to use the key people, places and events in the development of their Biography project and Journal project.

3 PEOPLE: Captain Robert Barclay Colonel Henry Procter Chief Roundhead Commodore Oliver Hazard Perry General William Harrison General William Hull John Askin John Norton John Richardson Lydia Bacon The Prophet Sir Isaac Brock Tecumseh Thomas Verchères de Boucherville Thomas McCrae James Baby François Baby Captain James Basden Captain John Hall Colonel Elliot General McArthur KEY PEOPLE, PLACES AND EVENTS PLACES: Amherstburg

4 Detroit River Duff-Baby House Forks of the River Thames Fort Detroit Fort Mackinac Fort Malden Fort Meigs François Baby House Moraviantown McCrae House Lake Erie River Canard Sandwich Thames River Turkey Creek EVENTS: Battle of Lake Erie Battle of the River Raisin Battle of the Thames Rush-Bagot Agreement Treaty of Ghent Battle of the Longwoods

5 KEY PEOPLE, PLACES AND EVENTS (Answers) PEOPLE: Captain Robert Barclay Colonel Henry Procter Oliver Hazard Perry General William Harrison General William Hull John Askin John Norton He entered the British Navy at the age of 12 years old. He had fought with Admiral Nelson against the French. During the time of the War of 1812, he was sent to Upper Canada. Barclay led the British during the Battle of Lake Erie. Here he was severely injured and suffered the lose of his second arm. Procter was a British army colonel who was put in charge of Fort Malden in July During the war, Procter successfully defeated the Americans at the Batttle of the River Raisin, but twice unsuccessfully attacked the American Fort Meigs. After the British defeat during the Battle of Lake Erie, he led the British retreat from Amherstburg up the Thames River. He escaped to Delaware after the Battle of the Thames. Procter was later court-martialed for his part in the retreat. In 1813, Perry was Commodore of the American shipbuilding project and naval squadron on Lake Erie. He led the American ships in the Battle of Lake Erie and successfully won the battle for the Americans. This American general took over the North West Army after General Hull was captured by Brock at Fort Detroit. He was in control of the American and Canadian territory around Detroit for the remainder of the war after the Battle of Lake Erie. Hull was Governor of the Michigan Territory, and a general in the American army. He led his troops in an invasion of Sandwich (Windsor) on July 12, Later, Hull and his troops returned to the American side of the Detroit River. They never completed a planned capture of Fort Malden. On August 16, 1812 Hull surrendered Fort Detroit to General Isaac Brock and Tecumseh. Askin was born in Britain and migrated to North America in He was a fur trader and merchant in the New World. Luckily for us, he wrote letters to his friends and family members during the war. These letters are useful to historians who study the events of the war. Also known as Teyoninhokarawen, Norton was the son of a Cherokee man and Scottish woman. He was eventually adopted into the Six Nations family, was made a war chief, and acted as an interpreter for the Mohawk. He was an

6 important Native leader during the War of The British gave him the military rank of captain and asked his opinion on Native matters. Norton took part in the capture of Fort Detroit, leading his band of Mohawks and African- Americans. Norton was promoted to major after the war. John Richardson Lydia Bacon Sir Isaac Brock Tecumseh Thomas Verchères Thomas McCrae James Baby François Baby Only 15 years old at the beginning of the war, Richardson joined the British army as a volunteer to help protect his homeland from the Americans. He was a grandson of John Askin and many years later he wrote a history of the war. This young woman was recently married and only 26 years old in She was the wife of an American officer and she accompanied him to the Detroit area because of his involvement in the war. Lydia kept a journal of the events around Detroit in During the war of 1812 Brock was Major-General and Commander-in-Chief of the British Army in Upper Canada. He, along with Tecumseh, captured Fort Detroit from General Hull on August 16, Brock was killed in a battle at Queenston Heights (Niagara) two months after capturing Fort Detroit. Tecumseh was a Shawnee war chief who along with his brother, The Prophet, united many warring First Nations to fight with the British again the United States. He helped Brock capture Fort Detroit. He took part in the two attacks on Fort Meigs. Tecumseh died near Moraviantown during the Battle of the Thames (Oct. 5, 1813). Verchères was a French-Canadian fur trader who moved to Amherstburg in He joined the militia in 1812 and took part in the capture of Fort Detroit and the retreat up the Thames River. Verchères eventually wrote a book about his experiences. McCrae was involved in the capture of Fort Detroit. He built the McCrae House (on the Thames River) in 1813 with the reward he received for participating in the capture. James was the oldest brother of François Baby. He was born to a French-Canadian family prominent in the Detroit and Sandwich area. He owned the Duff-Baby Mansion at the time of the war. François was a younger brother of James Baby. He was born to a French-Canadian family prominent in the Detroit and Sandwich area. He lived on the family farm on the Detroit River. This is where Hull and the American troops camped during their invasion of Sandwich.

7 Captain James Basden Colonel Matthew Elliot General McArthur The British Captain who fought at the Battle of the Longwoods The Superintendent of Indian Affairs for British North America in the Western District. An American military general. He led a raid through the Western District in the fall of PLACES: Amherstburg Detroit River Duff-Baby House Forks of the River Thames Fort Detroit Fort Mackinac Fort Malden Fort Meigs François Baby House Moraviantown: McCrae House This is the location of Fort Malden. It is on the shore of the Detroit River. The river divides the United States from Upper Canada (British North America). It also part of the passage that connects Lake Huron and Lake Erie. Located in the area of Windsor known as Olde Sandwich, this house and its surrounding lands were occupied by American troops under the direction of General Hull during the summer of This is the area now known as Chatham. The American fort that once stood where downtown Detroit now exists. An American fort on Machilimackinac Island. A British fort built on the shore of the Detroit River in Amherstburg. The original fort was destroyed by fire during the War of 1812 but the structure was rebuilt and it is presently a National Historic Site. An American fort in the Ohio district. This was the home of Francois Baby. It was occupied by the Americans at times during the war. It is now the location of Windsor s Community Museum. A town also known as Fairfield. Missionaries established it along the shore of the Thames River. The Battle of the Thames was fought near here, and this is where Tecumseh was killed. Thomas McCrae built this house on the banks of the Thames River in 1813 with the money he received after the capture of Detroit. It was used as a headquarters by the Americans after the Battle of the Thames. In December a local militia

8 group captured the house s occupants for the British. This was the first Canadian all-militia act of the war. Lake Erie: River Canard Sandwich Thames River Turkey Creek Lake Erie lies between Lake Huron and Lake Ontario. To the north is Canada. To the south is the United States. This was the major supply route for the British during the war. This route was cut off to them after the Battle of Lake Erie. A river located in the Amherstburg area. A skirmish between British and American soldiers took place here in July Sandwich is now part of the City of Windsor. It is in the western part of the city, near the Detroit River. American General Hull captured it with the hope of invading Fort Malden. He never did attack the British fort. The Thames River feeds into Lake St. Clair close to present day Stoney Point (Point Aux Roches). The British retreated up this river to escape from the invading Americans in October of Turkey Creek is located in the LaSalle area. EVENTS: Battle of Lake Erie The Americans defeated the British here on September 10, British supplies were cut off. Under the direction of General Proctor, the British began an escape up the Thames River. Battle of the River Raisin Battle of the Thames Rush-Bagot Agreement Treaty of Ghent Battle of the Longwoods This battle was a British victory against the Americans. General Procter and Roundhead commanded the British and their allies. Some American prisoners were unnecessarily killed during the night after the battle. Fought near Moraviantown, the Americans successfully defeated the British and the Native warriors under Tecumseh. Tecumseh was killed during this battle. An agreement made between the British and the Americans after the War of It details the number of ships each could have on the Great Lakes. This treaty led to the end of the war. It was signed on December 24, 1814 in Europe. People in North America did not hear about it until The Americans had the advantage of location in this battle. The British were defeated and retreated but the Americans

9 did not pursue them. Instead the Americans turned around and headed back to Detroit.