Name the four slave states, called Border States that stayed in the Union _? Delaware, Kentucky, Missouri, Maryland

Transcription

1 Social Studies -- Chapter 17, Sections 1-5 CHAPTER 17 SECTION Name the four slave states, called Border States that stayed in the Union _? Delaware, Kentucky, Missouri, Maryland Rule by the army instead of the elected government is called? Martial Law What is the belief that one race is superior to another? Racism Almost nobody believed that the Civil War would last for? Four years The goal of the North was to? Save or Preserve the Union The North had to fight an war? Offensive The South had to fight a war? Defensive The Union President during the Civil War was? Abraham Lincoln The Confederate President was? Jefferson Davis Lincoln s Secretary of War was? Edwin Stanton

2 Who was the Commander of the Confederate Army? General Robert E. Lee Which four slave states decided to join the Confederacy (South) after April 1861? Virginia, North Carolina, Tennessee, Arkansas Name 3 of the advantages the North had as the Civil War began? a) 90% of manufacturing. b) 4 times free citizens. c) 70% of railroads. d) Twice the farmland. e) Strong Navy. f) Large fleet of trading ships. g) Strong economy. h) Many volunteers (ratio 4-1) Name 3 of the advantages the South had as the Civil War began? a) Southern soldiers were fighting for independence. b) Defending their homeland. c) Win Civil War or risk losing everything. d) Experienced Generals/Leaders. e) Skilled hunters, shooters, and horsemen Name 2 disadvantages the North had as the war began? a) Must move men and support supplies south and west. b) Fight on unfamiliar soil. c) Large area to conquer. d) Must maintain long and continuous supply lines. e) Using deadly force to make South rejoin Union creates hatred and determination of Southern people Name 2 disadvantages the South had as the war began? a) Smaller population. b) Fewer soldiers. c) One third of population was slaves. d) Few factories and little manufacturing to produce weapons. e) Political infighting over who does what. f) Few connecting railroads.

3 What special qualities did Abraham Lincoln have? Name two? a) Good leadership ability. b) Able war planner. c) Patient but strong and determined. d) Accepted criticism graciously. e) Sense of humor What special qualities (some good, some not so good) did Jefferson Davis have? Name two? a) Served in Mexican War. b) Attended West Point military academy. c) Served as Secretary of War for U.S. d) Argued with his advisors. e) Resented conclusions that differed from his. f) He was respected for his honesty and his courage.

4 CHAPTER 17 SECTION What did the Union plan as strategies to win the war? Name two? a) Use Navy to blockade Southern ports. b) Capture South s capitol of Richmond, Virginia. c) Seize control of the Mississippi River. d) Invade the South with numerous soldiers. e) Use control of the Mississippi River to separate Arkansas, Texas, and Louisiana from the Confederacy What did the South plan as strategies to win the war? Name two? a) Defend itself until the North lost the will to fight. b) Use European-gained money and supplies to fight the war. c) Export cotton to England and other European countries for their textile mills. d) Ask other countries to recognize the Confederate States of America as an independent nation and government Forward to Richmond! was published every day, for over a month, on the front page of what newspaper? The New York Tribune In 1861, after the South captured Fort Sumter, what was the first Civil War battle to take place in Virginia, near Washington, D.C., with the Union Army running away? The Battle of Bull Run The General who lead Confederate Army Troops against the Union Army Troops into the Battle of Bull Run? Thomas Stonewall Jackson After the Battle of Bull Run, Lincoln appointed what General to train Union Troops placing him in Union command of the Army of the Potomac? General George McClellan Name the river that Gen. George McClellan used to transport his Union Army Troops toward Richmond, Virginia? The Potomac River

5 Confederate s first ironclad ship? Merrimack Union s first ironclad ship? Monitor Name the September 1862 battle in Maryland at which more than 23,000 Union and Confederate troops died the first day, with no clear winner? The Battle of Antietam Abraham Lincoln, upset with the slow progress Gen. George McClellan was making, replaced him with? General Ambrose Burnside Name the December 1862 battle with Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee against Union Gen. Ambrose Burnside, which was one of the worst Union Army defeats of the Civil War? The Battle of Fredericksburg Another major battle in May 1863, defeating the Union Army in three days, at which Confederate General Stonewall Jackson was accidentally, killed by one of his own sentries? The Battle of Chancellorsville The Union Army General taking the war into the West, helping the Union gain control of the Mississippi River? General Ulysses S. Grant Name the two Confederate forts that Union General Ulysses S. Grant captured in Tennessee on his way to take control of the Mississippi River? Fort Henry and Fort Donelson April 1862 battle in the West, led by Union General Grant, that was one of the bloodiest Union victories ever fought, killing and wounding more soldiers than in the American Revolution, War of 1812, and Mexican War, combined? The Battle of Shiloh

6 In April 1862, what two cities did Union ships and gunboats capture which gave more control of the Mississippi River to the Union? New Orleans, Louisiana and Memphis, Tennessee Why did the Union forces fail to win major battles in the East during the first years of the Civil War? a) Poor leadership of Union Soldiers. b) The South had better Generals and better war tactics.

7 CHAPTER 17 SECTION At first, President Lincoln made it clear that the Civil War was not a war against? Slavery To set slaves free is to? Emancipate In 1863, Lincoln decided to broaden the goals of the Civil War by emancipating slaves only in states not controlled by the North. This announcement is called? The Emancipation Proclamation Name at least two purposes of the Emancipation Proclamation? a) Gain sympathy from Europe and Great Britain. b) Weaken the South by making slaves not want to help in the South s war effort, like working in the fields or mines as slaves, now that they had a chance for freedom if the South lost the war. c) Not anger Union slave owners. d) Increase the number of African American Union soldiers In Boston, one famous African American abolitionist celebrated with many others, greeting the news of the Emancipation Proclamation with tears of joy? Frederick Douglas To deny equal rights to one group of people is to? Discriminate One of the most famous Union African American Army Units was? The 54 th Massachusetts Regiment In 1864, The United States War Department announced that all soldiers would receive? Equal Pay

8 In a famous battle, showing bravery and losing almost half of their soldiers the 54 th Massachusetts Regiment attacked? Fort Wagner Many escaped African Americans from the South not only joined Union forces, many served as? Guides and Spies During the Civil War, 16 African American soldiers earned the? Congressional Medal of Honor President Lincoln handled the slavery issue cautiously because he did not want to lose the four Union? Border States (Delaware, Missouri, Kentucky, Maryland)

9 CHAPTER 17 SECTION Northerners who opposed war as a means of keeping states in the Union are called? Copperheads People who were not in the military forces are? Civilians Famous Civil War Nurse, this woman founded the American Red Cross? Clara Barton Law that requires all able-bodied males between 20 and 45 to serve in the military? Draft The right to a hearing before being sent to jail? Habeas Corpus In 1861, the United States Congress started taxing the income of workers to help pay for the Civil War. This tax was called? Income Tax A person who charges excessive amounts for goods that are needed badly is a? Profiteer A rise in prices and a decrease in the value of money are called? Inflation A spy who worked for the South gathering information from Union leaders at her home in Washington, D.C., when caught was convicted of treason and exiled? Rose Greenhow

10 Famous for her work reforming prisons and mental hospitals, this woman became Superintendent of Nurses for the Union Army? Dorthea Dix One woman who served as a soldier disguised as a man. This woman fought for the South at Bull Run and Shiloh? Loreta Janeta Velazquez Antislavery African American leader, worked in Union Hospitals and camps for freed slaves? Sojourner Truth This woman set up a hospital in Richmond, Virginia? Sally Tompkins Name at least three ways women contributed to the war effort? a) Nurses in hospitals and on battlefields. b) Cooks in military camps and forts. c) Raised money for war sometimes with bake sales. d) Worked in factories making arms, war supplies, and medical supplies. e) Farmed the land. f) Acted as spies. g) Feeding livestock and tending to horses and mules. h) A few took up arms and fought as volunteer soldiers.

11 CHAPTER 17 SECTION A military blockade of an enemy town or position for a long period of time in order to force it to surrender is called a? Siege Confederate city, which General Ulysses S. Grant captured when Confederate Forces surrendered after being under siege for over 6 weeks? Vicksburg, Mississippi Battle in which Rebel General Robert E. Lee ordered General George Pickett to lead charge after charge at the Yankees across a large field where the Yanks held strong positions on Cemetery Ridge. The South was defeated suffering heavy losses? The Battle of Gettysburg The Union victories at Vicksburg and Gettysburg were called a in the Civil War? Turning Point The name of Abraham Lincoln s famous speech lasting only about 3 minutes in which he said these dead shall not have died in vain? The Gettysburg Address Destroying everything that might be useful to the enemy is called? Total War In 1864, Lincoln appointed this man Commander of the Union Forces? General Ulysses S. Grant General Grant ordered this General south into the Shenandoah Valley to destroy everything farms, livestock, and buildings (Total War)? General Philip Sheridan Grant ordered this General to destroy everything, capture Atlanta, and march to the Atlantic Coast laying waste to everything in his path (Total War)? General William Tecumseh Sherman

12 On April 9, 1865, where did Union General Ulysses S. Grant accept the surrender of Confederate General Robert E. Lee, giving him generous terms to help reunite the country at this official ending of the Civil War? Appomattox Courthouse, Virginia What were two of the three terms of surrender General Grant gave to General Lee at Appomattox Courthouse? a) Confederate Soldiers must turn over rifles. b) Confederate Officers could keep their pistols. c) Confederates could keep their horses About how many soldiers died as a result of the Civil War? Union Soldiers 360,000 Confederate Soldiers 250,000 Total Soldiers about 610, AMENDMENT REVIEW 13 th banned slavery 14 th citizenship (born in U.S.A.) 15 th citizens can vote 16 th income tax 17 th direct election of senators 18 th ban alcohol (prohibition) 19 th women s suffrage 20 th presidential terms 21 st prohibition repealed